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9-687: The Antrim Shale was defined by A. C. Lane in 1901, and named for type-section exposures in Antrim County, Michigan . The formation was previously known as the St. Cleric Shale in Michigan, and the Genesee Shale in Indiana. The Antrim is a brown to black, pyritic, highly laminated and organic-rich shale , from 60 to 220 feet thick. Total organic content varies from 1% to 20%. In some places

18-607: Is a major source of shale gas , and produces natural gas along a swath across the northern part of the state. Most natural gas production is in Antrim, Crawford, Montmorency, Oscoda and Otsego counties. Although the Antrim Shale has produced gas since the 1940s, the play was not active until the late 1980s. During the 1990s, the Antrim became the most actively drilled shale gas play in the US, with thousands of wells drilled. To date,

27-413: Is not widely used. Antrim Shale wells often have to pump much initial water before gas production becomes significant, a behavior also seen in many coalbed methane wells. Unlike most other shale gas plays, the natural gas from the Antrim appears to be biogenic gas generated by the action of bacteria on the organic-rich rock. Also unlike most other shale plays, the Antrim Shale is thermally immature in

36-662: The University of Heidelberg until 1887 before returning to Harvard to earn his Ph.D. in 1888. The following year he joined the Michigan State Geologic Survey as a petrographer, and he remained in that post into 1892 while also serving as an instructor at the Michigan College of Mines. He became assistant state geologist for Michigan in 1892, and from 1899 to 1909 he was the state geologist. Finally, he joined Tufts College in 1892, becoming

45-830: The Pearson professor of geology and mineralogy. He retired from the college in 1936 as professor emeritus. While at Tufts, he served as vice president of the AAAS Division of Geology in 1907. He received an honorary D.Sc. from Tufts in 1913. From 1922 and 1946 he was chairman for the Committee on the Measurement of Geologic Time for the National Research Council . He served as a member of the Board of Visitors at Harvard Observatory in 1924. Alfred Lane

54-596: The gas-productive trend. In 2007, the Antrim gas field produced 136 billion cubic feet of gas, making it the 13th-largest source of natural gas in the United States. Alfred Church Lane Alfred Church Lane (January 29, 1863 – April 15, 1948) was an American geologist and teacher . Born in Boston , Alfred C. Lane was educated at Harvard University and received his A.B. degree in 1883. Between 1883 and 1885 he taught mathematics at Harvard, then studied at

63-424: The shale has produced more than 2.5 TCF from more than 9 thousand wells. Antrim Shale wells produced almost 140 × 10 ^  cu ft (4.0 × 10 m) in 2006. The shale appears to be most economic at depths of 600–2,200 feet. Original gas content ranges from 40 to 100 standard cubic feet per ton. Wells are developed on units of from 40-acre (160,000 m) to 160-acre (650,000 m). Horizontal drilling

72-892: The unit includes a gray calcareous shale or limestone, and in places a fine-grained sandstone at the base. The formation is called the Kettle Point Formation in Ontario , and is the stratigraphic equivalent of the New Albany Shale in the Illinois Basin . It is overlain by the Bedford Shale, and underlain in some areas by the Jordan River Formation, and elsewhere by the Thunder Bay Limestone. The Antrim Shale,

81-591: Was appointed as consultant of science to the Library of Congress in 1929; the first person to hold that post. In 1931, he was president of the Geological Society of America . He was awarded the Ballou Medal by Tufts College in 1940 for "distinguished service to education and the nation". During his career, he authored 1,087 publications. This biographical article about an American geologist

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