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33-686: Construction of the road in the Chukotka Autonomous District began in 2012. Construction in the Magadan Region began in 2015. The original plan estimated that it would require 30 years to complete. [1] The route starts from the R504 Kolyma Highway , revitalizing the old road to Omsukchan , then passes through Omolon , Ilirney , Palyavaam, then along the existing extended winter road to Valunistoye mine, where it turns south towards Anadyr. The total length

66-675: A 192 km long river flowing to the Sea of Okhotsk , passes the city. The city is located on the isthmus of the Staritsky Peninsula by the Nagaev Bay . Ecologically situated in the Northeast Siberian taiga , the town's arboreal flora is made up of conifer trees, such as firs and larches , and silver birches . The city is surrounded by mountains to the west and northeast. Permafrost and tundra cover most of

99-659: A base for the Soviet Navy during the Cold War. It has a number of cultural institutions, including the Regional Museum of Anthropology, a geological museum, a regional library and a university. Magadanskaya Pravda is the main newspaper. The town figures prominently in the gulag literature of Varlam Shalamov and in the eponymous song by Mikhail Krug . Actor of film and stage Georgiy Zhzhonov worked at Magadan Theatre for two years after being released from

132-596: A gulag in May 1945. Magadan was home to Eastern Syndrome  [ ru ] a famous Soviet and Russian rock group founded there in 1986. The town was a focal point of the Long Way Round TV series of a motorcycle journey made by Ewan McGregor , Charley Boorman and their team in 2004. The town features the recent Orthodox Cathedral of the Life-Giving Trinity (completed in 2008), and

165-628: Is a convoy. Travel to Omolon and Omsukchan, as well as from Valunistoye mine to Anadyr is possible only by the winter road. The project is financed under the federal target program "Economic and Social Development of the Far East and Trans-Baikal Region for the Period until 2013" and "Improvement and Development of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug Road Network for 2010–2013". The total construction budget in 2012 prices

198-438: Is about 150 billion rubles. For comparison, the cost of an annual Northern delivery to the territory of Chukotka is estimated at 3 billion rubles (excluding storage). There are opinions that the implementation of the project will be extremely inefficient due to the enormous financial costs and technological complexity of this project. Due to the long distances and low road quality, passenger travel will still use aircraft most of

231-582: Is about 2,300 km (1,429 mi), of which 829 km (515 mi) pass through the Magadan Region , and about 1,400 km (870 mi) through Chukotka . The road has the lowest technical category, without asphalt. The roadway will be treated with binder additives, which increase the resistance of the upper layer. The width of the single-lane roadway is 4.5 m (15 ft), with passing areas. The roadsides are equipped with snow protection fences, signal posts and road signs. The maximum speed

264-587: Is about 650 km (400 mi). As of the summer of 2010, the Old Summer Road via Tomtor was still passable to motorcycles and 4×4s. The Anadyr Highway project from the Kolyma Highway to Anadyr in Chukotka passes Omsukchan , Omolon , and Ilirney with branch roads to Bilibino and Egvekinot , involving construction of 1,800 kilometres (1,100 mi) of road. The construction of

297-441: Is limited to 60 km/h (37 mph). The whole route passes through a territory bounded by permafrost , therefore, the laying of the roadbed is done without disrupting the integrity of the moss-vegetation layer of the tundra, which is a good heat insulator that does not allow defrosting of the upper layer of permafrost, which can lead to the destruction of the road. In the marshy areas, geotextiles and geogrids are also used;

330-464: Is still well below the allocated quotas, apparently as a result of an aging fleet. Other local industries include pasta and sausage plants, and a distillery. Although farming is difficult owing to the harsh climate, there are many public and private farming enterprises. The Central Intelligence Agency wrote a report on Ship Repair Yard No. 2 near Magadan in June 1965. Magadan was repeatedly reported as

363-695: The Kolyma Route ( Russian : Колымская трасса Kolýmskaya trássa ). The Dalstroy construction directorate built the Kolyma Highway during the Soviet Union 's Stalinist era . Inmates of the Sevvostlag labour camp started the first stretch in 1932, and construction continued with the use of gulag labour until 1953. The road is treated as a memorial by some, as the bones of the estimated 250,000–1,000,000 imprisoned labourers who died while constructing it were allegedly laid beneath or around

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396-551: The Palyavaam River was built in 2003, by the Artel of Miners of Chukotka LLC. A contract was signed with Stroydor company about building the 573 km (356 mi) Omsukchan–Omolon road and fixing the older 256 km (159 mi) Gerba–Omsukchan road, for RUB 1.53 bn. Works have been started at Omsukchan. By 2018, the total length of the constructed sections of the route should be 128 km (80 mi). In October 2017,

429-688: The Roman Catholic Church of the Nativity (completed in 2002 ), among others. The Mask of Sorrow memorial, a large sculpture in memory of Stalin's victims, was designed by Ernst Neizvestny . The Church of the Nativity Archived February 23, 2014, at the Wayback Machine ministers to survivors of the labor camps. It is staffed by several priests and nuns. The Magadanka River  [ ru ] ,

462-665: The Stalin era and the administrative centre of the Dalstroy forced-labor gold-mining operation. The town later served as a port for exporting gold and other metals and was visited by U.S. Vice President Henry Wallace in 1944. Magadan plays a significant role in transportation with the Port of Magadan and Sokol Airport . The local economy relies on gold mining and fisheries, although gold production has declined. The town has various cultural institutions and religious establishments, such as

495-567: The Tenkinskaya Trassa , which receives a lot less heavy traffic than the main section of the M56 between Magadan and Susuman. Distances : Yakutsk to Khandyga 380 km (240 mi), on to Kyubeme 320 km (200 mi), to Kadykchan (via Tomtor) 420 km (260 mi), Kadykchan to Susuman 90 km (60 mi), Susuman to Magadan 630 km (390 mi). From Kyubeme to Kadykchan north via Ust-Nera (the new, maintained section)

528-531: The soil remains permanently frozen; although they are still much milder than those of interior eastern Siberia. Average temperatures on the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk range from −22 °C (−8 °F) in January to +12 °C (54 °F) in July. Average temperatures in the interior range from −38 °C (−36 °F) in January to +16 °C (61 °F) in July. Due to the wet nature of October and November,

561-635: The M56 route, is a road through the Russian Far East . It connects Magadan with the town of Nizhny Bestyakh , located on the eastern bank of the Lena River , opposite of Yakutsk . At Nizhny Bestyakh the Kolyma Highway connects to the Lena Highway . The Kolyma Highway is colloquially known as the Road of Bones ( Russian : Дорога Костей Doróga Kostéy ). Locally, the road is known as

594-895: The Magadan-Palatka line was operational between 1941 and 1956. Russian Railways are considering the possibility of building a railway from the Nizhny Bestyakh of the Amur-Yakutsk railway to Magadan by 2035, which will contribute to the development of an area with huge mineral deposits. Magadan is the final destination of the federal highway R504 Kolyma Highway , which connects the region with Yakutia and other parts of Russia. Anadyr Highway , currently under construction, will provide access to Chukotka Autonomous Okrug . Sokol Airport and Magadan-13 airport provide access to air transport for numerous destinations in Russia with

627-625: The Orthodox Holy Trinity Cathedral  [ ru ] and the Roman Catholic Church of the Nativity . The Mask of Sorrow memorial commemorates Stalin's victims. Magadan experiences a subarctic climate with prolonged and cold winters, causing the soil to remain permanently frozen. Magadan was founded in 1930 in the Ola (river) valley, near the settlement of Nagayevo . During the Stalin era, Magadan

660-567: The end of the Great Purge . The town later served as a port for exporting gold and other metals mined in the Kolyma region . Its size and population grew quickly as facilities were rapidly developed for the expanding mining activities in the area. Town status was granted to it on July 14, 1939. Magadan was visited by U.S. Vice President Henry Wallace in May 1944. He took an instant liking to his NKVD host, admired handiwork done by

693-420: The enslaved political prisoners, and later glowingly called the town a combination of Tennessee Valley Authority and Hudson's Bay Company . Magadan is the administrative centre of the oblast . Within the framework of administrative divisions , it is, together with the urban-type settlements of Sokol and Uptar , incorporated as the " town of oblast significance of Magadan"—an administrative unit with

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726-465: The first 25 km (16 mi) was finished, although, in 2018, the road was considered of bad quality. In early 2016, a design procedure was announced, which will plan the Omolon– Ilirney –Anadyr section with branches to Bilibino , Komsomolsky and Egvekinot . As of 2018, it is possible to drive in summer in cross-country vehicles Egvekinot – Valunistoye – Palyavaam – Bilibino, in winter there

759-444: The first 50 kilometers of the road started in 2012. Magadan Magadan (Russian: Магадан , IPA: [məɡɐˈdan] ) is a port town and the administrative centre of Magadan Oblast , Russia . The city is located on the isthmus of the Staritsky Peninsula by the Nagaev Bay ; it serves as a gateway to the Kolyma region. Magadan, founded in 1929, was a major transit centre for political prisoners during

792-701: The former being for big aircraft and the latter is mainly for small aircraft. Magadan is also the home of the Magadan/Sokol Flight Information Region (FIR) and Magadan Oceanic FIR, which controls the Northeastern part of the Russia and its Arctic airspace. Most of the westbound transpacific flights from North America to Asia will use those FIRs. The principal sources of income for the local economy are gold mining and fisheries. Recently, gold production has declined. Fishing production, although improving from year to year,

825-482: The great challenges for adventuring motorcyclists and 4WDers . The area is extremely cold during the winter. The town of Oymyakon , approximately 100 km from the highway, is believed to be the coldest inhabited place on earth . The average low temperature in Oymyakon in January is −50°C. In 2020, a teenage motorist froze to death by following Google Maps directions to use the shorter but abandoned section of

858-532: The region. The growing season is only one hundred days long. The city of Magadan is on the same longitude as the suburbs of Greater Western Sydney , Australia , which lie on the eastern end of the 150th meridian east line, bordering the 151st meridian and is on the same latitude as Southern Scandinavia , and the far north of Scotland . The climate of Magadan is subarctic ( Köppen climate classification Dfc ). Winters are prolonged and very cold, with up to six months of sub-zero high temperatures , so that

891-399: The road via Tomtor, on which his car broke down, and his surviving travel mate lost most of his limbs due to frostbite . alternative: (Old Summer Road route) 155 km (100 mi) northeast to Tomtor , 250 km (160 mi) road northeast (may not be passable except when frozen), into Magadan Oblast There is also a scenic shortcut from Magadan to Susuman via Ust-Omchug called

924-598: The road was upgraded, the route was changed to bypass the section from Kyubeme to Kadykchan via Tomtor , and instead pass from Kyubeme to Kadykchan via a more northern route through the town of Ust-Nera . The old 420 km section via Tomtor was largely unmaintained; the 200 km section between Tomtor and Kadykchan was completely abandoned. This section is known as the Old Summer Road, and has fallen into disrepair, with washed-out bridges and sections of road reclaimed by streams in summer. During winter, frozen rivers may assist river crossings. Old Summer Road remains one of

957-442: The road, although documented sources have yet to confirm this through further evidence. As the road is built on permafrost , the popular rumor spread through western and dissident accounts is that interment into the fabric of the road was deemed more practical than digging new holes to bury the bodies of the dead. In 2008, the road was granted Federal Road status and is now a frequently maintained all-weather gravel road . When

990-509: The slopes of the embankment and the culverts are strengthened by multicellular mattresses. Aggregate for the roadbed is mined in roadside quarries, while in some places drilling and blasting are necessary. Engineering materials are imported during the period of summer navigation from the central regions of the country. Due to extreme climatic conditions, construction is suspended in summer during heavy rains, in winter in cases of particularly low air temperature and severe snowstorms. A bridge across

1023-554: The status equal to that of the districts . As a municipal division , the town of oblast significance of Magadan is incorporated as Magadan Urban Okrug . The Port of Magadan is the second largest seaport in the North-East of Russia after Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky located on Nagaev Bay and Sea of Okhotsk . It operates all year round with the help of icebreakers. There is currently no operating railway in Magadan. However,

Anadyr Highway - Misplaced Pages Continue

1056-424: The time. There is also a very low amount of motorization in the region (5 times less than Moscow). The savings in freight cost (even measured over multiple decades) will be less than the road construction cost. R504 Kolyma Highway The R504 Kolyma Highway ( Russian : Федеральная автомобильная дорога «Колыма» , Federal'naya Avtomobil'naya Doroga «Kolyma», "Federal Automobile Highway 'Kolyma'"), part of

1089-437: Was a major transit centre for political prisoners sent to forced labour camps. From 1932 to 1953, it was the administrative centre of the Dalstroy organisation—a vast forced-labour gold-mining operation and forced-labour camp system. The first director of Dalstroy was Eduard Berzin , who between 1932 and 1937 established the infrastructure of the forced labour camps in Magadan. Berzin was executed in 1938 by Stalin, towards

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