50-658: Pharenda , or Anandnagar , is a city in the Maharajganj district of the province of Uttar Pradesh in northern India . It is located approximately 44 kilometres north of Gorakhpur near the border with Nepal . District of Pharenda is Maharajganj. This is situated on the Buddhist Circuit which is built from Sarnath to Lumbini. It lies on NH-24 and near NH 29. It is about 45 km from Gorakhpur , 40 km from Siddharthnagar , 30 km from Maharajganj and 55 km from Sonauli Indo-Nepal border. This place
100-610: A sex ratio of 943 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 62.76%. 5.02% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 18.36% and 0.61% of the population respectively. Hinduism is practiced by majority of the population, around 82%. Islam is followed by 17% of the population. Maharajganj district has the highest proportion of people following Buddhism in Uttar Pradesh. Languages in Mahrajganj district (2011) At
150-492: A permeable mixture of gravel, boulders and sand evolves, which leads to a sinking water table . But where layers consist of clay and fine sediments, the groundwater rises to the surface and heavy sediment is washed out, thus enabling frequent and massive floods during monsoon , such as the 2008 Bihar flood . In India, the Terai extends over the states of Haryana, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. These are mostly
200-584: A reward for Nepal's military aid in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 , they returned some of this region in 1860, namely today's districts of Kanchanpur, Kailali, Banke and Bardiya. To promote economic development of the Nepal Terai, people from the hills were invited to settle in the region. Since only a few moved to the Terai, Indian people were further encouraged to settle. Immigration of Indian people increased between 1846 and 1950. They settled in
250-659: A semi-nomadic life to evade outbreaks of diseases. Today, they are subsistence farmers. The Bhoksa people are indigenous to the western Terai in the Indian Kumaon division . Maithils inhabit the Indian Terai in Bihar and the eastern Terai in Nepal. Bhojpuri people reside in the central and eastern Terai, and Awadhi people live in the central and western Terai. Bantawa people reside foremost in two districts of
300-465: Is 1194 which is 11.81% of total population of Anandnagar (NP). In Anandnagar Nagar Panchayat, Female Sex Ratio is of 907 against state average of 912. Moreover, Child Sex Ratio in Anandnagar is around 892 compared to Uttar Pradesh state average of 902. Literacy rate of Anandnagar city is 88.41% higher than state average of 67.68%. In Anandnagar, Male literacy is around 92.96% while female literacy rate
350-494: Is 83.40%. Anandnagar Nagar Panchayat has total administration over 1,600 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage. It is also authorize to build roads within Nagar Panchayat limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction. Anandnagar has many undergraduate and post graduate colleges and schools. SAJIC is the oldest Intermediate college of Anandnagar established in 1943 where
400-562: Is also believed that Yudhishthira (युधिष्ठिर) answered the questions of Yaksha (यक्ष) here only in this forest. The Chinese traveller Hiuen-Tsang also mentions the temple in his book Si-Yu-Ki. During British Raj it was one Military Camp named Lehra. One day a British officer came here and fired a bullet at the Pindi. Suddenly, blood started coming out of the Pindi. Seeing the blood, the British ran away. They all died with their horses. Grave of
450-483: Is called तराइ 'tarāi' meaning "the low-lying land, plain" and especially "the low-lying land at the foot of the Himālayas". It has been described as "low, marshy ground". The Terai is crossed by the large perennial Himalayan rivers Yamuna, Ganges, Sarda , Karnali , Narayani and Kosi that have each built alluvial fans covering thousands of square kilometres below their exits from the hills. Medium rivers such as
500-470: Is increasing and causing sociocultural changes in the region. Since the early 1950s, several political parties advocated for autonomy and independence of the Nepal Terai, such as the Nepal Terai Congress and Janatantrik Terai Mukti Morcha . Several armed groups were formed, which pursued this aim using violent means. In 2013, more than 24 Madheshi political parties were registered for
550-452: Is known for the ruins of Buddha which are found here and it is expected that if proper excavation is done then many unknown facts about Buddha will be discovered. Religious temples of Lehra Devi: There is a temple of Lehra Devi (लेहड़ा देवी), also known as Aadravanavaasini (आद्रवनवासिनी), in Lehra forest. People from all over Eastern Uttar Pradesh visit here and worship the goddess Durga . There
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#1732783601856600-443: Is located at 27°06′N 83°17′E / 27.1°N 83.28°E / 27.1; 83.28 . It has an average elevation of 88 metres (288 feet). As of 2001 India census , Anandnagar had a population of 10,181. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Anandnagar has an average literacy rate of 72%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 57% of the males and 43% of females literate. 15% of
650-468: Is named after Seth Anandram Jaypuriya. There is closed sugar Mill which was started in about 1935 and closed in 1995. Near Anand Nagar there is a temple is Durga devi mandir, popularly known as Lehara Devi mandir. There are 9 intermediate schools, 2 degree colleges and 2 PG colleges in the town. Forest of Pharenda has the "Barahsingha Reserve". Other, nearest market place to this tahsil is Dhani Bazar, Brijmanganj, Raniyapur and Campierganj (Chaumukha) (on
700-546: Is one of the 75 districts of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India, and the town of Maharajganj is the district headquarters. District is a part Gorakhpur division . It is located in Terai region of Himalayas , bordering Nepal in North. Gandak , Rapti , Rohin are some major river flowing through the district. Maharajganj district is bounded by Nawalparasi and Rupandehi Districts of Lumbini Province of Nepal in
750-531: Is special importance to visit here in the period of Navratri in months of March–April and September–October. This temple is about 50 km North-West of Gorakhpur located in Anandnagar. It is believed that while wandering in the forest for 14 years, Pandavas lived a year in disguise. They visited the Lehra Jungle and were offered shelter by Lehra Devi. There is one natural Pindi as in Vaishno Devi. It
800-537: Is the most productive region in Nepal with the majority of the country's industries. Agriculture is the basis of the economy. Major crops include rice , wheat , maize , potato , peas , lentil , mustard , sugar cane , ginger , turmeric , cardamom , garlic and chili . Fruits comprise mango , lychee , guava , papaya , banana and jackfruit . The Terai is also known for beekeeping and honey production, with about 120,000 colonies of Apis cerana . In Jhapa District, tea has been cultivated since 1960;
850-503: The 2011 census Maharajganj district has a population of 2,684,703, roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait or the US state of Nevada . This gives it a ranking of 148th in India (out of a total of 640 districts). The district has a population density of 909 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,350/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 23.50%. Maharajganj has
900-543: The Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF). Maharajganj district comprises 4 tehsils : There are 1048 revenue villages in the district and 20 police stations, Bhitauli being the latest. Sonauli is the main checkpoint at the Nepal border and is administered directly by home ministry of government of India. Thuthibari, Bargadwan, Jhulnipur, Bhagwanpur, Kolhui bazar are some other major entry points at Nepal border. According to
950-636: The Constituent Assembly of Nepal election. The most significant border dispute of the Indo-Nepal boundary in the Terai region is the Susta area. In the Susta region, 14,500 hectares of land is under dispute but recent development has manage to discuss it bilaterally. After the 2008 Nepalese Constituent Assembly election , Indian politicians kept on trying to secure strategic interests in
1000-524: The Kingdom of Sikkim . The Tulsipur State , in the Dang Valley of Nepal's western Terai, was also an independent kingdom until it was conquered in 1785 by Bahadur Shah of Nepal during the unification of Nepal . Until the mid 18th century, the Nepal Terai was divided into several smaller kingdoms, and the forests and wild places were, largely, left undisturbed. Since the late 18th century, however,
1050-655: The Mid-Western Region, Nepal , Bardiya and Banke Districts . Further east, the Outer Terai comprises the Kapilvastu , Rupandehi , Nawalparasi , Parsa , Bara , Rautahat , Sarlahi , Mahottari , Dhanusa , Siraha, Saptari, Sunsari , Morang and Jhapa Districts . Several protected areas were established in the Terai since the late 1950s: Based on the Köppen–Geiger climate classification system ,
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#17327836018561100-450: The Rana dynasty as a defensive perimeter called Char Kose Jhadi , meaning 'four kos forest'; one kos equals about 3 km (1.9 mi). A British observer noted, "Plainsmen and paharis generally die if they sleep in the Terai before November 1 or after June 1." British travelers to Kathmandu went as fast as possible from the border at Raxaul to reach the hills before nightfall. Malaria
1150-553: The Rapti rise in the Mahabharat Range . The geological structure of the region consists of old and new alluvium , both of which constitute alluvial deposits of mainly sand, clay , silt , gravels and coarse fragments. The new alluvium is renewed every year by fresh deposits brought down by active streams, which engage themselves in fluvial action . Old alluvium is found rather away from river courses, especially on uplands of
1200-475: The 14th century forced Hindu and Buddhist people to seek refuge from religious persecution. Rajput nobles and their entourage migrated to the Himalayan foothills and gained control over the region from Kashmir to the eastern Terai during the following three centuries. By the 16th century, the rulers of Palpa and Makwanpur controlled the mid-western Terai and extended this control to the eastern Terai by
1250-419: The 17th century. They controlled the area of today's districts of Saptari , Siraha, Dhanusa , Mahottari and Sarlahi. The rulers of Makwanpur controlled the central Terai region of present-day Nepal, and the rulers of Vijayapur controlled today's Sunsari, Morang and Jhapa Districts. The Shah dynasty conquered the eastern Nepal Terai in the 1770s. They also conquered land in the eastern Terai that belonged to
1300-581: The British Officer is situated in the West of temple about 1 km of distance. Once Maa came to the town as a beautiful girl and wanted to cross the river. She hired a boat and started the journey but in middle of the river the boatman grew interested in her splendid beauty and went off track. As soon as Devi understood his intention, she disappeared with the boat. In the Kali Yuga she was seen with
1350-421: The Nepal Terai experiences a tropical savanna climate type with dry winters and hot summers, a mean annual temperature of 20–28 °C (68–82 °F), a mean annual rainfall of 1,600–1,800 mm (63–71 in) in the west and 2,500–3,000 mm (98–118 in) in the east. Tharu and Dhimal people are the indigenous inhabitants of the Terai forests. Several Tharu subgroups are scattered over most of
1400-430: The Nepal Terai, such as over hydropower energy, development projects, business and trade. The government of Nepal has accused India of imposing an undeclared blockade in 2015 but it is not clear yet, local peoples blame Nepal administration and government. Dhurmus Suntali Foundation handed over an integrated community containing 50 houses to Musahar community of Bardibas at a cost of Rs. 63 million. The Terai
1450-413: The Nepal and Indian Terai. They used to be semi-nomadic, practised shifting cultivation and collected wild fruits, vegetables and medicinal herbs . They have been living in the Terai for many centuries and reputedly had an innate resistance to malaria . Dhimal reside in the eastern Nepal Terai, viz Sunsari, Morang and Jhapa Districts. In the past, they lived in the fringes of the forest and conducted
1500-569: The Shah rulers encouraged Indians to settle in the Terai, and supported famine-stricken Bihari farmers in efforts to convert to a more productive agricultural lifestyle in the eastern Nepal Terai. From at least 1786 onward, they appointed government officers in the eastern Terai districts of Parsa, Bara, Rautahat, Mahottari, Saptari and Morang to levy taxes, collect revenues and maintain civil order, as well as to hunt wild game, including Indian elephants and Indian rhinoceros , mostly for their ivory. At
1550-453: The Terai rises the Bhabar , a narrow but continuous belt of forest about 8–12 km (5.0–7.5 mi) wide. The Urdu word ترائی tarāʼī means "lands lying at the foot of a watershed" or "on the banks of a river; low ground flooded with water, valley, basin, marshy ground, marsh, swamp; meadow". In Hindi , the region is called तराई 'tarāī' meaning "foot-hill". In Nepali , the region
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1600-638: The annual production of 2005 was estimated at 10.1 million kg. The Mahendra Highway crosses the Nepal Terai from Kankarbhitta on the eastern border in Jhapa District, Province No. 1 to Mahendranagar near the western border in Kanchanpur District, Mahakali Zone . It is the only motor road spanning the country from east to west. Tea cultivation was introduced in the Darjeeling Terai in 1862. Tourist attractions in
1650-559: The boat to her followers who made a temple at the very place. It is believed that if a person visits the temple for regular 5 Tuesdays, his wishes are fulfilled. To reach this temple, buses, autorickshaws and trains are available from Gorakhpur to Anandnagar (Pharenda). It is connected by other mediums to the temple from Anandnagar. District has one Lok Sabha constituency named as Maharajganj (Uttar Pradesh Lok Sabha constituency) , currently represented by Pankaj Chaudhary of Bhartiya Janta Party . There are 5 Vidhan Sabha constituencies in
1700-418: The deforestation process in the Terai. Between 1961 and 1991, the annual population growth in the Terai was higher than the national average, which indicates that migration from abroad occurred at a large scale. Deforestation continued, and forest products from state-owned forest were partly smuggled to India. Community forestry was introduced in 1995. Since the 1990s, migration from the Terai to urban centres
1750-493: The district which are: There are 4 Nagar Palikas in the district: There are 8 Nagar Panchayat in the district: Bridgemanganj, Partawal, Chowk and Paniyara are newly created. Lejar mahdewa (lejruwa)|dhirendra| In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Maharajganj one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640 ). It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from
1800-753: The districts of these states that are on the India–Nepal border : The Inner Terai Valleys of Nepal consists of five elongated valleys located between the lower Himalayan Range and Sivalik Hills . From north-west to south-east these valleys are: The Outer Terai begins south of the Sivalik Hills and extends to the Indo-Gangetic Plain . In the Far-Western Region, Nepal , it comprises the Kanchanpur and Kailali Districts; in
1850-406: The eastern Nepal Terai, living in close proximity with native Terai peoples. The Indian Terai remained largely uninhabited until the end of the 19th century, as it was arduous and dangerous to penetrate the dense marsh - and malaria -filled jungle with its predators. Dacoit gangs retreated to the Terai jungles, and the area was considered lawless and wild by the British, who sought control of
1900-441: The eastern Terai in Nepal. Following the malaria eradication program using DDT in the 1960s, a large and heterogeneous non-Tharu population settled in the Nepal Terai. Pahari people from the mid-hills including Bahun , Chhetri and Newar moved to the plains in search of arable land. In the rural parts of the Nepal Terai, distribution and value of land determine economic hierarchy to a large extent. High caste migrants from
1950-635: The end of the 18th century, between 200 and 300 elephants were caught annually, using snares or nooses. The far-western and mid-western regions of the Nepal Terai (called ' Naya Muluk ', or ‘new country’) lay on the northern periphery of the Awadh dynasty. After Nepal lost the Anglo–Nepalese War of 1816, the British annexed these regions of the Terai when the Sugauli Treaty was ratified; as
2000-745: The hills and traditional Tharu landlords who own agriculturally productive land constitute the upper level of the economic hierarchy. The poor are the landless or near landless Terai Dalits , including the Musahar , Chamar and Mallaah . Several Chepang people also live in Nepal's central and eastern Terai districts. As of June 2011, the human population in the Nepal Terai totalled 13,318,705 people in 2,527,558 households comprising more than 120 different ethnic groups and castes such as Badi , Chamling , Ghale , Kumal , Limbu , Magar , Muslim , Rajbanshi , Teli , Thakuri , Yadav and Majhi speaking people. The Muslim invasion of northern India during
2050-410: The late 1960s, and about 10,000 Bihari Muslims from Bangladesh in the 1970s. Timber export continued until 1969. In 1970, King Mahendra granted land to loyal ex-army personnel in the districts of Jhapa, Sunsari, Rupandehi and Banke Districts, where seven colonies were developed for resettling about 7,000 people. They acquired property rights over uncultivated forest and 'waste' land, thus accelerating
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2100-471: The name of British "station master" of this railway station), in range of 12 km. Pharenda is a large city in Maharajganj district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. It is situated near NH 24. It is about 45 km from Gorakhpur, 40 km from Siddharthnagar, 30 km from Maharajganj and 55 km from Sonauli Indo-Nepal border. This place is named after Seth Anand Ram Jaipuriya. Anandnagar
2150-453: The north, the districts of Kushinagar in the east, Maharajganj also shares border with West Champaran district of Bihar in east. It borders Gorakhpur to the south and Siddharthnagar and Sant Kabir Nagar in the west. It is part of Gorakhpur Division . The district covers an area of 2,951 km . It has a population of 2,684,703 (2011 Census). The district was carved out from the erstwhile Gorakhpur district on 2 October 1989. It
2200-419: The plain where silting is a rare phenomenon. A large number of small and usually seasonal rivers flow through the Terai, most of which originate in the Sivalik Hills. The soil in the Terai is alluvial and fine to medium textured. Forest cover in the Terai and hill areas has decreased at an annual rate of 1.3% between 1978 and 1979, and 2.3% between 1990 and 1991. With deforestation and cultivation increasing,
2250-401: The population is under 6 years of age. Anandnagar is a Nagar Panchayat city in district of Maharajganj, Uttar Pradesh. The Anandnagar city is divided into 11 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. The Anandnagar Nagar Panchayat has population of 10,113 of which 5,303 are males while 4,810 are females as per report released by Census India 2011. Population of Children with age of 0-6
2300-458: The region's valuable timber reserves. The region was densely forested with stands of foremost Sal . Heavy logging began in the 1920s. Extracted timber was exported to India to collect revenues. Cleared areas were subsequently used for agriculture. But still, the Terai jungles were teaming with wildlife. Inner Terai valleys historically were agriculturally productive but extremely malarial. Some parts were left forested by official decree during
2350-926: The south of the outer foothills of the Himalayas , the Sivalik Hills and north of the Indo-Gangetic Plain . This lowland belt is characterised by tall grasslands , scrub savannah , sal forests and clay rich swamps . In North India , the Terai spreads from the Yamuna River eastward across Haryana , Uttarakhand , Uttar Pradesh , Bihar and West Bengal . The Terai is part of the Terai-Duar savanna and grasslands ecoregion . Nepal's Terai stretches over 33,998.8 km (13,127.0 sq mi), about 23.1% of Nepal's land area, and lies at an elevation of between 67 and 300 m (220 and 984 ft). The region comprises more than 50 wetlands . North of
2400-702: The students gets quality education with great sports facilities. Other colleges are LBS Intercollege (coeducational), GGIC for girls and MRD intercollege coeducational.SAJIC Anand Nagar are famous colleges. There is a large railway station ANDN. Railway station named Anandnagar junction , from here one railway line goes to Nautanwa which is nearest railway station for sonauli Nepal border and another goes towards Lucknow via Barhani . Now, There are direct trains to connect all big cities like, Delhi, Mumbai, Raipur and Varanasi. The bus connects to Sonouli Nepal border and long route bus also available for Delhi, Lucknow, Jaipur. Maharajganj district Maharajganj district
2450-409: The time of the 2011 Census of India , 59.23% of the population in the district spoke Bhojpuri, 39.65% Hindi and 0.90% Urdu as their first language. Bhojpuri is the local language of Maharajganj. The Bhojpuri variant of Kaithi is the indigenous script of Bhojpuri language. Terai The Terai or Tarai is a lowland region in parts of southern Nepal and northern India that lies to
2500-400: Was eradicated using DDT in the mid-1950s, at the unfortunate expense of future generations of birds, especially vultures, which were especially sensitive to the chemical. Subsequently, people from the hills migrated to the Terai. About 16,000 Tibetan refugees settled in the Nepal Terai in 1959–1960, followed by refugees of Nepali origin from Burma in 1964, from Nagaland and Mizoram in
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