30-619: Trione-Annadel State Park is a state park of California in the United States. It is situated at the northern edge of Sonoma Valley and is adjacent to Spring Lake Regional Park in Santa Rosa . It offers many recreational activities within its 5,092-acre (2,061 ha) property. The rock formations of Trione-Annadel have played a central role in its history: its volcanic origins, the Native American use of obsidian ,
60-526: A land lease from the U.S. government , while Mackinac National Park was handed down to become the first of the Michigan state parks . As with national parks, facilities at state parks are often leased to concessionaires to operate. Breaks Interstate Park is operated under an interstate compact by Virginia state parks , although it is also one of the Kentucky state parks , straddling both sides of
90-589: A few exceptions such as Anza-Borrego Desert State Park in California, and Wood-Tikchik State Park in Alaska, the largest state park in the United States . In addition to preserving natural landscapes and providing recreational opportunities, many state parks also serve as important educational resources . They often offer guided tours, interpretive programs, and exhibits that help visitors learn about
120-699: A restaurant) for lodging at some parks. These typically use "Resort" in the name, such as "_____ Resort State Park" in West Virginia state parks and "_____ State Resort Park" in neighboring Kentucky state parks , which has 17 such resort parks, the most of any state. Other states use the Resort name inconsistently (like DeGray Lake Resort State Park , the only one out of three resorts in Arkansas state parks ), or have only one such park ( South Carolina state parks ' Hickory Knob State Resort Park ), or do not use
150-622: A state to preserve a location on account of its natural beauty, historic interest, or recreational potential. There are state parks under the administration of the government of each U.S. state , some of the Mexican states , and in Brazil . The term is also used in the Australian states of Victoria and New South Wales . The equivalent term used in Canada, Argentina, South Africa, and Belgium,
180-646: A time when Annadel and dozens of other parks statewide were threatened with closure because of a budget crisis. It was due to these philanthropic efforts that the State of California ruled in July 2016 to officially change the name to Trione-Annadel State Park. The main park access is from the north via the city of Santa Rosa . An important secondary access is from the Lawndale Road trailhead in Kenwood , which access
210-413: Is provincial park . Similar systems of local government maintained parks exist in other countries, but the terminology varies. State parks are thus similar to national parks , but under state rather than federal administration. Similarly, local government entities below state level may maintain parks, e.g., regional parks or county parks . In general, state parks are smaller than national parks, with
240-497: Is highly seasonal, with most of the approximately 30 inches (76 cm) of annual precipitation occurring between October and April. Ledson Marsh , which drains into Yulupa Creek, retains some smaller pools of water throughout most of the year. The highest elevation in the park is the top of Bennett Mountain , 1,887 feet (575 m). The entirety of Annadel was below the ocean floor as recently as twelve million years ago, around which time massive uplift and volcanic action formed
270-410: Is the oak woodland, which has a canopy of coast live oak , Garry oak , black oak , Pacific madrone , bigleaf maple , and California laurel . Canyon live oak occurs in swales and creeks . In the oak woodlands, the dominant understory plants are native bunchgrasses , toyon , wild blackberry , coyote brush , and western poison-oak . The latter covers nearly one quarter of the understory in
300-457: Is the shortest route to Ledson Marsh. There are 35 miles (56 km) of trails for running, hiking, mountain biking , and trail riding . In addition, excellent black bass and bluegill fishing can be found at the park's largest body of water, Lake Ilsanjo . Dogs are not allowed in the park. There is potable water available at the visitor center and in the Channel drive parking lot. Annadel
330-613: The 1906 San Francisco earthquake . Cobblestone quarry operations were a major source of revenue to the Wymores and the Hutchinsons who were the principal land owners in this area around the year 1900. The park derives its name from Annie Hutchinson, since this locale was once termed "Annie's Dell". In the early 1900s, author Jack London settled nearby in these same Sonoma Mountains, and he based much of his writings on these mountains that he loved. Demand for cobblestone subsided around
SECTION 10
#1732772454082360-768: The Civilian Conservation Corps and Works Progress Administration . Bennett Mountain Bennett Mountain, also commonly known as Bennett Peak, is a 1,909-foot (582 m) summit in the Sonoma Mountains of California . Located on the west edge of Annadel State Park , it separates Bennett Valley in the Russian River drainage basin from Sonoma Valley in the Sonoma Creek drainage basin. Bennett Valley
390-565: The massif which comprises the park of today. Elevations in Annadel range from about 360 to 1,880 feet (110 to 570 m) above sea level. Slopes within Annadel commonly range from 15 to 30 percent, but it is not uncommon to encounter slopes up to 70 percent on steep slopes above drainages which are covered in douglas fir forest. One of the major soil associations within the park is Goulding cobbly clay loam , which contains roughly 25 percent cobblestones with some basaltic exposures, evidence of
420-532: The rough-skinned newt can be found. The southern reaches of Annadel are drained by Yulupa Creek and other tributaries of Sonoma Creek , while the northern flanks are part of the Santa Rosa Creek watershed . Eastern slopes are drained by Yulupa and Sonoma Creeks, while the western slopes are part of the Spring Creek watershed. Many of Annadel's streams are dry in the summer, because rainfall
450-513: The California State Park system in the year 1971. The site of what became Trione-Annadel was being eyed for residential development when Henry Trione and hunting buddy Joe Long of Long's Drugs put together a $ 5 million package that led ultimately to the site's protection as a park. Trione built his home on the hillside adjacent to Annadel. In 2012, he pitched in another $ 100,000 to keep the park running under county administration at
480-675: The country's state parks. The NASPD further counts over 43,000 miles (69,000 km) of trail, 217,367 campsites, and 8,277 cabins and lodges across U.S. state parks. The largest state park system in the United States is Alaska State Parks , with over 100 sites encompassing 3.3 million acres. Many states include designations beyond "state park" in their state parks systems. Other designations might be state recreation areas , state beaches, and state nature reserves . Some state park systems include long-distance trails and historic sites . To encourage tourism in rural areas, several states have simple lodges, inns, hotels, or motels (usually with
510-478: The designation at all (such as the lodges of Georgia state parks ). The term "lodge" may also refer to a hiking lodge , essentially a large cabin for hikers rather than a large facility with private rooms and a restaurant. Other lodging may include yurts and tipis . Not all parks owned by a state are necessarily part of its state-park system, such as Stone Mountain Park near Atlanta. Some Texas state parks are
540-462: The early 1900s mining of cobblestones , and modern hikers ' appreciation of its volcanic rock outcrops . These lands were occupied by the Wappo and Pomo people in prehistoric times, who would have primarily inhabited the riparian zones and the marsh perimeter. Annadel includes what some biologists consider the best example of undisturbed northern oak woodlands in existence. Visitors can enjoy
570-493: The local flora , fauna , geology , and cultural history of the area. These programs are designed not only to enhance the visitor experience but also to promote conservation awareness and encourage responsible enjoyment of natural resources. There are 6,792 state park units in the United States, according to the National Association of State Park Directors (NASPD). There are some 813 million annual visits to
600-602: The park boundaries. This site was valuable to the Native American tribes as a source of obsidian, which they used to make scrapers, knives, arrowheads , and spearheads . Archaeological evidence suggests they used the area as a quarry at least as far back as 3000 years. Human use and settlement of this area changed markedly in the late 18th century when the Spanish came to this region. Cattle ranching and farming gradually replaced hunting and gathering . In 1837, Annadel
630-510: The park's diverse wildlife and scenery during any time of the year but are perhaps most rewarded from April through June when most wildflowers are in bloom. The 2017 Nuns fire burned the southern portion of the park. In 2020, the Glass fire burned the northern edge of the park. Plant communities include California oak woodland , riparian woodland , Douglas fir forest , chaparral , grassland , and marsh . The dominant plant community
SECTION 20
#1732772454082660-513: The park. Douglas fir occurs in some of the steeper, cooler riparian zones and on north-facing slopes. Common animals in Annadel include black-tailed deer , western gray squirrel , raccoon , skunk , and opossum . Bobcat and mountain lion are occasionally observed. There are many bird species, including the California scrub jay , Steller's jay , acorn woodpecker , black phoebe , and dark-eyed junco . In moist areas, amphibians such as
690-474: The state line. Other multi-state parks are legally two separate parks with the same name and more informal cooperation between them. The title of oldest state park in the United States is claimed by Niagara Falls State Park in New York , established in 1885. Several public parks previously or currently maintained at the state level pre-date it. Indian Springs State Park has been operated continuously by
720-454: The state of Georgia as a public park since 1825, although it did not gain the title "State Park" until 1931. In 1864 Yosemite Valley and Mariposa Grove were ceded by the federal government to California until Yosemite National Park was proclaimed in 1890. In 1878 Wisconsin set aside a vast swath of its northern forests as "The State Park" but, needing money, sold most of it to lumber companies within 20 years. Mackinac National Park
750-463: The volcanic origins of the Sonoma Mountains . Typical soil depths are 35 to 50 centimetres (14 to 20 in). Much of the soil type in the Yulupa Creek riparian zone consists of Laniger loam, with rhyolite outcrops, another relic of the igneous history. The Southern Pomo and Southern Wappo peoples inhabited these lands in prehistoric times. No full-scale villages have been discovered within
780-402: The year 1920, since owners of the newly invented automobile expected a smoother ride than that derived from cobblestone streets. Joe Coney began to accumulate land holdings in this area during the 1930s. He used the land for agricultural purposes until the late 1960s, though he also mined perlite , an obsidian product used in the manufacture of certain insulation products. Annadel became part of
810-473: Was established in 1875 as the second U.S. national park before being converted to a state park in 1895. The first state park with the designation of "state park" was Itasca State Park in Minnesota , established in 1891. Many state park systems date to the 1930s, when around 800 state parks (and several national ones) across the country were developed with assistance from federal job-creation programs like
840-491: Was named for James N. Bennett, an emigrant from Illinois who settled in the area in the 19th century. The mountain was burned following the October 2017 Northern California wildfires . Grapes were planted on Bennett Mountain as early as 1862, when Isaac DeTurk planted 30 acres (12 ha) at the base of its western slope. By 1878 he was producing 100,000 US gallons (380,000 L) of wine from his own and purchased grapes at
870-413: Was one of 70 California state parks scheduled to close in 2012 by California Governor Jerry Brown . The County of Sonoma took on park operations as a temporary measure to keep it open. State park State parks are parks or other protected areas managed at the sub-national level within those nations which use "state" as a political subdivision. State parks are typically established by
900-516: Was part of the Rancho Los Guilicos Mexican land grant. In 1848 the lands of Annadel were purchased by Scottish immigrant William Hood, for whom nearby Hood Mountain was named. In the late 19th century, sheep and cattle grazing was superseded by quarry uses. There was considerable demand for cobblestone material when many west coast cities were being developed, and especially in the reconstruction of San Francisco after
#81918