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94-504: Ansaldo Energia S.p.A. is an Italian power engineering company based in Genoa , Italy . The original parent company, Gio. Ansaldo & C. , was founded in 1853, and merged with Finmeccanica in 1993 (now Leonardo S.p.A. ). In 2024, the company's share capital was held between the Italian state investor, CDP Equity, (87.6%) and China's Shanghai Electric Group (12.4%). Ansaldo Energia

188-455: A generator driven by two Poncelet waterwheels at Westbrook Mill. The electricity was used to power three 250 V arc lights at the mill and overhead cables were run above Mill Street to the town centre, where a further four arc lights were installed. A second, 40 V circuit supplied 34 incandescent lamps (of which seven were at the mill and the remainder were in the town centre). The scheme met with mixed success and there were criticisms that

282-502: A combined public and private electricity supply . Several buildings in the town centre date from the 16th and 17th centuries. The distinctive Pepperpot was built in 1814 to replace the medieval market house and to house the council chamber . Among the notable former residents of the civil parish were Jack Phillips , the senior wireless operator on the RMS ; Titanic , and the mountaineer George Mallory . James Oglethorpe ,

376-432: A deal for General Electric (GE) to acquire various business units from Alstom by September 2015, subject to the divestiture of Alstom's GT26 and GT36 model gas turbine manufacturing and service businesses. As part of this deal, GE sold its GE7FA gas turbine aftermarket parts subsidiary business, Power Systems Mfg. LLC (PSM), to Ansaldo Energia. Steam turbine production covers a range of applications, with power ratings in

470-576: A document entitled "Ordinances and constitutions made and established for the better and government of the Town of Godalming in the County of Surry", which specified that the administration of the town should be the responsibility of the warden and eight assistants. It also provided for the appointment of a bailiff and restricted the amount of time that townspeople could spend in local inns and hostelries. The modern system of local government began to emerge in

564-478: A fierce rivalry in the US known as the " war of the currents " emerged between Edison and Westinghouse over which form of transmission (direct or alternating current) was superior. In 1891, Westinghouse installed the first major power system that was designed to drive an electric motor and not just provide electric lighting. The installation powered a 100 horsepower (75 kW) synchronous motor at Telluride, Colorado with

658-667: A further 32 new homes on Cliffe Road in 1935. After the Second World War, the Aaron's Hill development was built on the site of the former Ockford House. The Binscombe estate was constructed in the 1950s, to the northwest of Farncombe. During the First World War, soldiers were billeted at nearby Witley Camp . A canteen was set up in Croft Road for those arriving via Godalming station. Allotments were planted at

752-506: A large generating station may require scores of design professionals in addition to the power system engineers. At most levels of professional power system engineering practice, the engineer will require as much in the way of administrative and organizational skills as electrical engineering knowledge. In both the UK and the US, professional societies had long existed for civil and mechanical engineers. The Institution of Electrical Engineers (IEE)

846-544: A night watch and several special constables. In 1889, the borough force became part of the Surrey Constabulary, under the provisions of the Local Government Act 1888. A new police station, built on the site of the former gasworks, opened in 1969 and closed in 2012. In 2022, policing in the civil parish is the responsibility of Surrey Police and the nearest police station run by the force

940-525: A single voltage. Since the direct current power could not be easily transformed to the higher voltages necessary to minimise power loss during transmission, the possible distance between the generators and load was limited to around half-a-mile (800 m). That same year in London Lucien Gaulard and John Dixon Gibbs demonstrated the first transformer suitable for use in a real power system. The practical value of Gaulard and Gibbs' transformer

1034-475: A steep decline in the middle of the century. Woollen cloth production ended at Guildford in the 1710s, but continued on a small scale in Godalming for around another 100 years. As cloth manufacture declined in Godalming, it was replaced by the production of knitted and woven textiles. A cottage industry developed in the town in the 17th century, producing woollen, silk and later cotton garments. Hosiery

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1128-542: A subject of scientific interest in the late 17th century. Over the next two centuries a number of important discoveries were made including the incandescent light bulb and the voltaic pile . Probably the greatest discovery with respect to power engineering came from Michael Faraday who in 1831 discovered that a change in magnetic flux induces an electromotive force in a loop of wire—a principle known as electromagnetic induction that helps explain how generators and transformers work. In 1881 two electricians built

1222-463: A uniformed town watchman was employed with an annual salary of £10 and a "constable of Godalming" is first recorded in 1817. The borough police force was formed in 1836 and briefly became part of the county force from 1851 to 1857. By 1868, the police station was in Moss Lane and had three cells capable of holding a total of nine people. The force was led by a superintendent, assisted by a constable,

1316-621: Is a market town and civil parish in southwest Surrey , England, around 30 miles (49 km) southwest of central London. It is in the Borough of Waverley , at the confluence of the Rivers Wey and Ock . The civil parish covers 3.74 sq mi (9.7 km ) and includes the settlements of Farncombe , Binscombe and Aaron's Hill . Much of the area lies on the strata of the Lower Greensand Group and Bargate stone

1410-411: Is a producer of thermoelectric power plants, operating in international markets serving public and private power producers and industrial clients. The company provides plant engineering, manufacturing and service fields at installations for thermal electric and hydroelectric plants in over 90 countries In 2007, their total revenue stood at over 979 million euros . The production centre is located in

1504-474: Is elected every four years. Each year, one councillor is chosen as the Mayor, who represents the town on civic occasions and who is recognised as the principal citizen of Godalming. Godalming is twinned with Mayen , Germany (April 1982) and Joigny , France (May 1985). The town retains strong friendship links with the state of Georgia , USA, and with the cities of Savannah and Augusta in particular, through

1598-411: Is elected every four years. Godalming is represented by two councillors. Ward The town is divided into four wards; Binscombe and Charterhouse, Central and Ockford, Farncombe and Catteshall, and Holloway. Godalming is represented by nine councillors, elected to Waverley Borough Council: Ward Godalming Town Council is the lowest tier of local government in the civil parish. A total of 20 councillors

1692-447: Is thought to have continued into the early Roman period . There is thought to have been a small farmstead on the site in the late first century C.E. and there was also a villa at Binscombe. The Anglo-Saxon settlement at Godalming is thought to have been founded in the 6th or early 7th centuries, in the area surrounding the parish church . The oldest stonework in the church dates from c.  820  – c.  840 and

1786-553: Is written as Godelminge in the Domesday Book of 1086, and later as Godelminges ( c.  1150  – c.  1200 ), Godhelming ( c.  1170  – c.  1230 ), Godalminges ( c.  1220  – c.  1265 ) and Godalmyn ( c.  1485  – c.  1625 ). The second part of the name is thought to derive from the Old English —ingas and means "people of" or "family of" and

1880-597: The Feast of Saints Peter and Paul in late June. The right to hold a market was confirmed by Elizabeth I in 1563 and, in January 1575, she issued a Charter of Incorporation, enabling Godalming to become a self-governing borough . The charter specified that a "warden" (effectively a mayor ) should be elected by the town each year at Michaelmas . In 1620, Francis Bacon , the Lord Chancellor under James I , issued

1974-463: The Genoa - Campi area and is split into three product lines: gas turbines, steam turbines and generators. Ansaldo Energia manufactures gas turbines in the range from 70 to 280 MW with more than 140 units delivered for a total installed capacity of more than 23,000 MW. The gas turbines' models manufactured are based on Siemens designs. Both the European Union and United States approved

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2068-519: The ICT field to the power engineering field. For example, the development of computers meant load flow studies could be run more efficiently allowing for much better planning of power systems. Advances in information technology and telecommunication also allowed for much better remote control of the power system's switchgear and generators. Power Engineering deals with the generation , transmission , distribution and utilization of electricity as well as

2162-619: The Middle English frith , meaning "woodland". Godalming is a town in the Borough of Waverley in southwest Surrey , around 30 mi (49 km) from central London and 4 mi (6.4 km) from Guildford . The town is in the valley of the River Wey , which flows northwards through Guildford to join the River Thames at Weybridge . Godalming High Street runs roughly east to west, linking an ancient crossing point of

2256-576: The National Trust in 1968. The first railway station in Godalming opened in 1849 on the north side of the Wey. It was the southern terminus of the line built by the London and South Western Railway (LSWR) from Guildford . A decade later, the line to Havant was constructed speculatively by the engineer, Thomas Brassey . This 32.75 mi (52.71 km) line was initially single track and joined

2350-406: The early modern period , although the oldest surviving buildings in the centre date from the 16th century. The settlement at Binscombe village grew up in the medieval period around Binscombe Farm. Much of the hamlet, including the original farmhouse, is designated a Conservation Area. Godalming began to grow in the mid-19th century, catalysed by the opening of the first railway station in 1849 and

2444-542: The 13th century, when they appear as Budenscombe and Bursbrige respectively. Their names are thought to derive from individuals called Byden and Beohrtsige , names both found in Old English. Catteshall may mean "hill of the wild cat" or "hill belonging to a person called Catt ". Farncombe appears in Domesday Book as Fearnecombe and is thought to mean "valley of the ferns ". Frith Hill may derive from

2538-409: The 18th and 19th centuries. The municipal tip was opened next to the sewage works in the early 1900s. The Godalming Gas and Coke Company was established in 1825 and purchased part of Godalming Wharf for the site of its gasworks. Gas was provided for street lighting between 1836 and 1881, and again from 1884 to 1900. The coal required initially arrived by barge, but was delivered by train after

2632-459: The 1960s, is credited with the invention of a machine to produce the cable stitch . Leather production was a significant part of the local economy from the mid-15th to mid-20th centuries. Tanneries are recorded at several sites in the town, including at Ockford Road, Meadrow and Catteshall Lock. In 1808, a "bark house" was erected in Mill Street for grinding bark and chamois leather

2726-555: The 80 to 1200 MW range. Generator production comprises air, hydrogen and water-cooled models, designed to withstand over 50,000 MVA of generating capacity. Ansaldo Nucleare S.p.A. manufacturer nuclear energy production equipment and related services: this encompasses promotion, sales, management, engineering, contracting, fabrication and site implementation. Ansaldo Thomassen provides services for GE-type heavy-duty gas turbine systems, including service and repair. An office in Abu Dhabi

2820-482: The Bargate Wood estate was built in the 1980s. Farncombe began to grow in the early Victorian era , with terraced housing , semi-detached houses and larger villas being built along new streets branching from existing roads such as Hare Lane, Summers Road and Farncombe Street. Until the mid-19th century, Charterhouse and Furze Hill were part of Deanery Farm, although much of the latter was woodland. In 1865,

2914-578: The County Surveyor, George Gwilt. The road south from the town centre through Busbridge to Hascombe was turnpiked in 1826. The Wey has been used for navigation since ancient times and it is likely that wool, cloth and timber were transported via the unimproved river during the medieval period. The River Wey Navigation , between the River Thames and Guildford was authorised by Act of Parliament in 1651. Although its southern terminus

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3008-555: The Godalming area is from the Stone Age . At least two Paleolithic hand axes as well as Mesolithic flint blades and flakes have been found in the civil parish. In 2017, a local schoolboy discovered a Bronze Age barbed and tanged arrowhead , which he subsequently donated to Godalming Museum . The higher ground above the River Wey floodplain at Charterhouse was occupied during the middle Iron Age and human habitation

3102-420: The Godalming area, including the bivalves Ostrea macroptera and Exogyra sinuata , and the brachiopods Rhynchonella parvirostris and Waldheimia tamarindus . Frith Hill and Charterhouse are on the iron-rich Bargate Beds, a part of the more widespread lower Sandgate Formation that is only found in the Godalming area. This layer contains Bargate stone , a dark honey-coloured calcerous sandstone that

3196-666: The High Street. The basic layout of Church Street, the High Street and Bridge Street are thought to have been established by the 13th century and may be pre- conquest in origin. The Saxon settlement was concentrated in the Church Street area and Godalming expanded along the modern High Street in the 11th and 12th centuries. The first houses may have been constructed in The Mint in the late 13th or early 14th centuries. The town does not appear to have expanded significantly in

3290-689: The Holloway Hill Recreation Ground and villagers in Busbridge were employed to manufacture baskets for 18 lb high-explosive shells . In October 1914, the Red Cross opened a hospital for wounded soldiers at Charterhouse School. During the Second World War, the defence of Godalming was the responsibility of the 4th Battalion of the Surrey Home Guard, part of South East Command. A total of 213 bombs fell on

3384-575: The Niagara Falls project, new power systems increasingly chose alternating current as opposed to direct current for electrical transmission. The generation of electricity was regarded as particularly important following the Bolshevik seizure of power . Lenin stated "Communism is Soviet power plus the electrification of the whole country." He was subsequently featured on many Soviet posters, stamps etc. presenting this view. The GOELRO plan

3478-551: The River Ock, which rises at Witley , to the south. The main urban areas of Godalming and Farncombe are separated from the Wey by the floodplain , which includes the water meadows known as the Lammas Lands. Serious flooding events occurred in the local area in 1968, 1990, 2000, 2013 and 2020; new defences , including the construction of a 525 m (1,722 ft) flood wall and two pumping stations , were installed in

3572-593: The Serbian-American engineer Nikola Tesla filed a range of patents related to power systems including one for a practical two-phase induction motor which Westinghouse licensed for his AC system. By 1890 the power industry had flourished and power companies had built thousands of power systems (both direct and alternating current) in the United States and Europe – these networks were effectively dedicated to providing electric lighting. During this time

3666-509: The Wey at the site of the current Town Bridge was established by the 12th century. In the late-medieval period, there was also a bridge owned by the Lord of the Manor at this location, but the ford was used by townspeople except in times of flood. The road through Godalming between Kingston upon Thames and Petersfield was turnpiked in 1749 and the present Town Bridge was constructed in 1782 by

3760-480: The Wey provided a source of both water and power for fulling mills . Like Guildford, to the north, the town specialised in the manufacture of kersey , a coarse cloth, dyed blue. Fulling took place at Catteshall Mill between 1300 and 1660, and at the Westbrook Mills in the 17th and early 18th centuries. Dyers are known to have been active in the town in the 17th century, but the kersey industry went into

3854-586: The Wey to the road leading south over Holloway Hill. The town is almost completely surrounded by the Metropolitan Green Belt and the Surrey Hills National Landscape is to the north and west. Godalming Civil Parish has a total area of 3.74 sq mi (9.7 km ). It includes the settlements of Binscombe, Frith Hill and Charterhouse (north of the river) and Aaron's Hill , Ockford Ridge and Crownpits (to

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3948-403: The arrival of Charterhouse School in 1872. The first cottages were constructed at Crownpits in the 1880s and farmland to the south of the town centre was sold for development in the same decade. Summerhouse, Busbridge and Oakdene Roads had been laid out by the mid-1890s and most of the houses had been built by the end of the century. The area north of Home Farm Road was developed in the 1970s and

4042-606: The base of the west wall of the tower is of Anglo-Saxon origin. The earliest documentary evidence for Godalming, is from the will of Alfred the Great in 880, in which the settlement and surrounding land is left to his nephew, Æthelwold ætheling . By the end of the Anglo-Saxon period, the town was the administrative centre of the Godalming Hundred , which stretched from Puttenham in the northwest to Chiddingfold in

4136-487: The borough to the newly formed Surrey County Council . Farncombe was originally a separate civil parish, but became part of Godalming borough in 1892. The most recent change in local government took place in 1974, when the municipal boroughs of Godalming and Haslemere were merged with the Farnham Urban District and Hambledon Rural District to form Waverley District. At the same time, Godalming Town Council

4230-401: The branch from Guildford to the north of the first railway station. Although construction was completed in 1858, the first passenger trains south of Godalming did not run until January of the following year. Initially there were four services in each direction per day between Guildford and Havant, which had increased to seven (with a single short working to Petersfield ) by 1890. The opening of

4324-516: The construction of Borough Road and Borough Bridge to link the newly opened Charterhouse School to the town centre. The 9.1 mi (14.6 km) Guildford and Godalming bypass (now the A3) was opened in July 1934. In the 1990s, Flambard Way was built to divert through traffic around the town centre. Its construction divided Queen Street in two and severed the connections from Mill Lane and Holloway Hill to

4418-458: The design of a range of related devices. These include transformers , electric generators , electric motors and power electronics . Power engineers may also work on systems that do not connect to the grid. These systems are called off-grid power systems and may be used in preference to on-grid systems for a variety of reasons. For example, in remote locations it may be cheaper for a mine to generate its own power rather than pay for connection to

4512-471: The early 18th century with the opening of the turnpike road through the town in 1749 and the construction of the Godalming Navigation in 1764. Expansion of the settlement began in the mid-19th century, stimulated by the opening of the first railway station in 1849 and the relocation of Charterhouse School from London in 1872. The town has a claim to be the first place in the world to have

4606-475: The early 19th century, a hand-operated pump was installed next to the Pepperpot in the High Street. A 45 m deep (148 ft) well was dug at Charterhouse to supply the school with water. In around 1880, water mains were installed in Godalming and Farncombe, fed from a water tower on Frith Hill. In 1899, the borough council purchased the water tower, becoming responsible for the drinking water supply to

4700-525: The elements of an electric power grid. Electric power distribution engineering covers those elements of a power system from a substation to the end customer. Power system protection is the study of the ways an electrical power system can fail, and the methods to detect and mitigate for such failures. In most projects, a power engineer must coordinate with many other disciplines such as civil and mechanical engineers, environmental experts, and legal and financial personnel. Major power system projects such as

4794-478: The first commercial high-voltage direct current (HVDC) line using mercury-arc valves was built between Schenectady and Mechanicville, New York . HVDC had previously been achieved by installing direct current generators in series (a system known as the Thury system ) although this suffered from serious reliability issues. In 1957 Siemens demonstrated the first solid-state rectifier (solid-state rectifiers are now

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4888-669: The first half of the 19th century. Under the Municipal Corporations Act 1835 , the town became a borough corporation under the control of a mayor and elected councillors. The following year, the Guildford Poor Law Union was formed, with responsibility for a total area of 12 sq mi (31 km ) stretching from Godalming to Woking . As a result of the Local Government Act 1888 , several responsibilities were transferred from

4982-470: The first part may refer to an Anglo-Saxon individual called Godhelm . Thomas William Shore (1840–1905) suggested that Godhelm may be of Gothic origin and Robert Eugen Zachrisson (1880–1937) proposed that it may have been an early name for the River Ock or another local stream. Residents of Godalming are sometimes called "Godhelmians". The first records of Binscombe and Busbridge are from

5076-474: The first railway station opened in 1849. The gasworks closed in 1957, when the town supply was linked to that of Guildford. Godalming has a claim to be the first town in the world to have a combined public and private electricity supply. The price of gas had risen during the 1870s and the borough sought an alternative method of providing street lighting. In 1881, the London firm of Calder and Barrett installed

5170-452: The founder of the Colony of Georgia , was born in Godalming in 1696 and the town maintains a friendship with the U.S. state and the cities of Savannah and Augusta in particular. The oldest surviving record of Godalming is from a c.  1000 copy of the c.  880  – c.  885 will of Alfred the Great , in which the settlement appears as Godelmingum . The name

5264-453: The grid and in most mobile applications connection to the grid is simply not practical. Electricity generation covers the selection, design and construction of facilities that convert energy from primary forms to electric power. Electric power transmission requires the engineering of high voltage transmission lines and substation facilities to interface to generation and distribution systems. High voltage direct current systems are one of

5358-457: The iron core of a transformer a fully enclosed loop would improve the voltage regulation of the secondary winding. Using this knowledge he built the world's first practical transformer based alternating current power system at Great Barrington, Massachusetts in 1886. In 1885 the Italian physicist and electrical engineer Galileo Ferraris demonstrated an induction motor and in 1887 and 1888

5452-468: The land was sold in lots, with 70 acres (28 ha) being acquired for the site of Charterhouse School. Houses in Deanery and Peperharrow Roads were built in the early 1870s, but in the mid-20th century many were either divided into flats or demolished, and higher-density housing was constructed on their former gardens. In the 1960s, the school vacated its properties on Frith Hill Road and on Markenholm, and

5546-577: The late 11th century, the Manor of Godalming was divided into two parts. The King's Manor was held by the Crown through the 12th century. There is evidence to suggest that it was held by Stephen de Turnham in 1206, but in 1221 it was granted to the Bishop of Salisbury by Henry III . It was held by the Bishop until 1541, when it was conveyed to Thomas Paston , who returned it to the Crown the following year. It

5640-561: The lights in the town centre were too dim, while those at the mill were too bright. By the end of 1881, the generator had been moved to the rear of the White Hart pub, where it was driven by a steam engine and, in April 1882, Siemens took over the operation. The electricity supply continued until 1884, when Siemens refused to bid for the renewal of its contract and the town reverted to gas lighting. The second power station in Godalming

5734-402: The line necessitated the building of the current railway station , although the original station was retained until 1969 for freight. Farncombe railway station , the only intermediate station between Guildford and Godalming, opened on 1 May 1897. The line south of Godalming was doubled in 1871 and was electrified in 1937. Late 19th century improvements in the local road network included

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5828-446: The line. Following the demonstration George Westinghouse , an American entrepreneur, imported a number of the transformers along with a Siemens generator and set his engineers to experimenting with them in the hopes of improving them for use in a commercial power system. One of Westinghouse's engineers, William Stanley , recognised the problem with connecting transformers in series as opposed to parallel and also realised that making

5922-675: The manor was leased to the Castillion family, but was held by the Ogelthorpe family in the 18th century. In 1846, the Rectory Manor was transferred to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners , who began to break up and sell off the estate in the early 1860s. The first charter to be granted to Godalming was issued by Edward I on 7 June 1300. In it, he authorised a weekly market and a three-day annual fair on

6016-425: The market should be held every Wednesday. In 1674, the day was changed to Friday, but had reverted to Wednesday by the start of the 19th century. The market ceased in around 1879. The right to hold a fair each July was also granted in the charter of 1300 and continued to be held until 1870. A second annual fair, which originally took place over three days around Candlemas each February, was granted by Elizabeth I. By

6110-735: The motor being started by a Tesla induction motor. On the other side of the Atlantic, Oskar von Miller built a 20 kV 176 km three-phase transmission line from Lauffen am Neckar to Frankfurt am Main for the Electrical Engineering Exhibition in Frankfurt. In 1895, after a protracted decision-making process, the Adams No. 1 generating station at Niagara Falls began transmitting three-phase alternating current power to Buffalo at 11 kV. Following completion of

6204-585: The northeast of the town centre, is first recorded in 1300 and was used for milling corn from c.  1660 until 1836. The two Westbrook Mills, also on the Wey, are around 100 m (110 yd) apart and are not clearly distinguished in historical records until the mid-19th century, when the upper mill became known as Salgasson Mill. Godalming's medieval prosperity was founded on the wool trade. The North Downs provided good grazing land for sheep, there were local deposits of Fuller's earth in Surrey and

6298-522: The organisation, the Friends of Oglethorpe. Since 2011, the town council has held the power to confer the titles of "Honorary Freeman" and "Honorary Freewoman" on residents who have demonstrated outstanding service to or made a significant contribution to the community. As of 2022, two people (Zadie Caudle and John Young) have been recognised in this way. For much of the town's history, residents obtained drinking water from local rivers or from wells . In

6392-540: The ring was connected to the Wimbledon -Woking main via a 132 kV substation at West Byfleet . By the time of its closure in 1949, the Borough Road power station had an installed capacity of 600 kW. From the early part of the 17th century, the borough appears to have employed a "bedle" or "bellman" to apprehend troublemakers and, in 1747, there is a reference to a "cage prison" in Godalming. By 1762,

6486-574: The sites were sold for residential development. Housing on The Brambles was constructed in the mid-1980s. The most recent major developments in Farncombe took place in the early 21st century off Furze Lane. The first council housing in the civil parish was constructed in 1920 around The Oval and Broadwater Lane in Farncombe. The first 168 houses on the Ockford Ridge estate, west of the town centre, were completed in 1931 and were followed by

6580-478: The south). The majority of the built-up area of Busbridge is also in Godalming Civil Parish. Farncombe, to the north of the town, has a strong village identity and incorporates a small cluster of local shops on Farncombe and St John's Streets. Godalming has good transport links to London and Portsmouth via the railway line and A3 road . At the west end of the town, the River Wey is joined by

6674-437: The southeast. The town appears as Godelminge in Domesday Book; in 1086 it was held by Ranulf Flambard , who also held Tuesley and parts of Guildford. The manor had sufficient land for 25 plough teams. It included 40 acres of meadow, woodland for 103 swine, three mills, two churches, and generated an annual income of £34. Farncombe appears in Domesday Book as Fernecome and was held by Odo of Bayeux . At some point in

6768-498: The standard for HVDC systems) however it was not until the early 1970s that this technology was used in commercial power systems. In 1959 Westinghouse demonstrated the first circuit breaker that used SF 6 as the interrupting medium. SF 6 is a far superior dielectric to air and, in recent times, its use has been extended to produce far more compact switching equipment (known as switchgear ) and transformers . Many important developments also came from extending innovations in

6862-439: The start of the 19th century, the fair had been reduced to a single day and is last recorded in 1910. Three watermills are recorded in the entry for Godalming in Domesday Book. Although their identities are uncertain, the present day Catteshall, Hatch and Westbrook Mills on the River Wey are thought to be the likely locations. Hatch Mill, close to the parish church, may be the oldest mill site in Godalming. Catteshall Mill, to

6956-622: The technology in the gas turbines of the French company was sold to a European competitor. The choice then fell on Ansaldo Energia. As of January 2021, the company is 88% owned by the Cassa Depositi e Prestiti group and 12% by Shanghai Electric Corporation, which jointly hold a financial debt exceeding one billion euros. In the following months, the Chinese partner acquired 40% of shares. Power engineering Electricity became

7050-405: The town centre. The busiest period for the navigation was during the 1810s, when timber, flour, and goods made of iron were shipped from Godalming, but after the arrival of the railway in 1849, it went into sharp decline. After 1918, there were only two commercial barges working the river south of Guildford and the final shipments from Godalming took place in 1925. The Godalming Navigation passed to

7144-441: The town until 1974. In that year, the water tower was decommissioned and a new covered reservoir was opened at Sandy Lane. The town sewerage system was constructed in 1894 and included a sewage works at Unstead Farm, to the north of Farncombe. Until this point, waste water had been disposed of in cesspits , resulting in the contamination of drinking water wells; outbreaks of cholera and typhoid are recorded in Godalming in

7238-528: The town, including two V-1 flying bombs , although no civilians were killed. In September 1939, around 40 children were evacuated to Busbridge from Wandsworth and several houses in Godalming were requisitioned to provide accommodation for soldiers. St Thomas's Hospital Medical School was also evacuated to Godalming and used the Charterhouse School science laboratories to teach in. Many students joined local home guard. A British Restaurant

7332-652: The winter of 2018–19. Godalming lies on the northwestern side of the Weald and primarily sits on the strata of the Lower Greensand Group , laid down in the early Cretaceous . Atherfield Clay is found in the extreme north of the civil parish at Binscombe, where there was a former brickworks. Holloway Hill and much of the town centre are on the Hythe Beds, a loamy, fine-grained sandy layer that also includes some sandstone and chert . Although rare elsewhere in these strata, fossils of mollusc species occur in these beds in

7426-740: The world's first power station at Godalming in England. The station employed two waterwheels to produce an alternating current that was used to supply seven Siemens arc lamps at 250 volts and thirty-four incandescent lamps at 40 volts. However supply was intermittent and in 1882 Thomas Edison and his company, The Edison Electric Light Company, developed the first steam-powered electric power station on Pearl Street in New York City. The Pearl Street Station consisted of several generators and initially powered around 3,000 lamps for 59 customers. The power station used direct current and operated at

7520-435: Was constituted as the lowest tier of local government in the civil parish. The district became a borough on 21 February 1984, following the grant of a royal charter by Elizabeth II . The right to hold a market was granted to Godalming in 1300 by Edward I. It probably took place each week at the junction of Church Street and the High Street. The right was confirmed in the 1563 charter of Elizabeth I, which stipulated that

7614-402: Was demonstrated in 1884 at Turin where the transformer was used to light up forty kilometres (25 miles) of railway from a single alternating current generator. Despite the success of the system, the pair made some fundamental mistakes. Perhaps the most serious was connecting the primaries of the transformers in series so that switching one lamp on or off would affect other lamps further down

7708-644: Was due to the conditions imposed by the EU and US Department of Justice pertaining to the merger of GE and Alstom Power. Ansaldo Energia has suppliers in Aalcan with Europa construction, located in Albania. The new production will concern technologies obtained by the Ligurian joint-stock company after the acquisition of Alstom by General Electric. The Brussels Antitrust Authority has permitted the operation to GE, provided that

7802-575: Was established. Ansaldo Thomassen also has an office in Rheden , Netherlands. Ansaldo ESG AG is a Switzerland -based energy service group, established in 1998. AESG specializes in steam turbine maintenance, covering turbine rotor and turbine casing repairs, re-blading, generator rewinds and repairs and component production. On February 25, 2016, Ansaldo acquired a portion of Alstom's R&D Gas Turbine projects based in Baden , Switzerland . This acquisition

7896-701: Was founded in the UK in 1871, and the AIEE in the United States in 1884. These societies contributed to the exchange of electrical knowledge and the development of electrical engineering education. On an international level, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), which was founded in 1906, prepares standards for power engineering, with 20,000 electrotechnical experts from 172 countries developing global specifications based on consensus. Godalming Godalming ( / ˈ ɡ ɒ d əl m ɪ ŋ / GOD -əl-ming )

7990-472: Was four miles north of the town, the opening of the new waterway had a positive impact on the economy of Godalming. The Wey Navigation Act 1760 authorised the construction of the Godalming Navigation. The waterway, which opened in 1764 with four locks , extended the navigable stretch of river southwards. A 10-acre (4.0 ha) wharf was constructed on the south side of the Wey, close to

8084-454: Was held by the monarch through the Tudor period until 1601, when Elizabeth I sold it to George More of Loseley Park . The second part of the Manor of Godalming, known as the Rectory Manor or Deanshold, was granted to Salisbury Cathedral by Henry I in the early 12th century. It remained in the custodianship of the dean and chapter until the mid-19th century. For much of its history,

8178-697: Was initiated in 1920 as the first Bolshevik experiment in industrial planning and in which Lenin became personally involved. Gleb Krzhizhanovsky was another key figure involved, having been involved in the construction of a power station in Moscow in 1910. He had also known Lenin since 1897 when they were both in the St. Petersburg chapter of the Union of Struggle for the Liberation of the Working Class . In 1936

8272-499: Was knitted using a stocking frame invented by William Lee in the 1580s. Until the 18th century, most garments were produced by families working at home, but thereafter the industry became increasingly centralised. George Holland set up a factory in around 1790 for the manufacture of "Fleecy and Segovia Hosiery", using specially prepared wool. The Pitchers company was established in the town in 1885 and produced "Charterhouse sweaters", among other woollen items. The firm, which closed in

8366-703: Was opened in Angel Yard and Branksome House, in Filmer Grove, served as a district control centre. The manufacturer, RFD, set up a factory in Catteshall Lane to produce barrage balloons , inflatable boats and life jackets and, by the end of the war, was employing over 1000 local people. The entirety of Godalming Civil Parish is in the revised (2024) parliamentary constituency of Godalming and Ash Surrey County Council, headquartered in Reigate ,

8460-555: Was opened in Borough Road in 1902. By the end of the following year, two 90 kW and one 200 kW steam-powered generators had been installed, which were replaced in 1928 by a 200 kW diesel-driven generator. Under the Electricity (Supply) Act 1926 , Godalming was connected to the National Grid , initially to a 33 kV supply ring , which linked the town to Guildford, Hindhead , Woking and Aldershot . In 1932,

8554-478: Was produced at Godalming for much of the Middle Ages , but the industry declined in the early modern period . In the 17th century, the town began to specialise in the production of knitted textiles and in the manufacture of hosiery in particular. Throughout its history, Godalming has benefitted from its location on the main route from London to Portsmouth Dockyard . Local transport links were improved from

8648-440: Was produced at the Westbrook Mills in the 19th century. The final leather producer in Godalming closed in 1952. The Godalming area was an important centre for papermaking and, in the early 17th century, several mills in the town produced coarse sheets of "whited brown paper". Papermaking took place at the Westbrook Mills in the 17th and early 18th centuries, and at Catteshall Mill from the 1660s until 1928. A ford across

8742-463: Was quarried locally until the Second World War. The earliest evidence of human activity is from the Paleolithic and land above the Wey floodplain at Charterhouse was first settled in the middle Iron Age . The modern town is believed to have its origins in the 6th or early 7th centuries and its name is thought to derive from that of a Saxon landowner. Kersey , a woollen cloth, dyed blue,

8836-522: Was quarried until the Second World War at several sites in the civil parish. There are also small exposures of the sandy Folkestone Beds at Busbridge and to the northwest of Charterhouse. River gravels are found in the valleys of the Wey and Ock to the west and south of the town centre, and as a terrace at Farncombe. Alluvial deposits of sand and silt are found in the floodplain of the Wey, especially between Bridge Street and Catteshall. {{{annotations}}} The earliest evidence of human activity in

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