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32-654: Similarly to other Mauritian islands such as St. Brandon , Agaléga is run directly by the Prime Minister of Mauritius through the Prime Minister's Office to the Outer Island Development Corporation (OIDC). The population of the islands rose from 289 in 2011 to 330 in 2022. The islands have a total area of 2,600 ha (6,400 acres). The North island is 12.5 km (7.8 mi) long and 1.5 km (0.9 mi) wide, while

64-629: A genetic study. Three hundred villages across Madagascar were sampled in terms of genetic, linguistic and cultural diversity. This research was led and performed by Malagasy and European researchers and academics. This study demonstrated that all Malagasy people have mixed African and Asian ancestry. But the proportion of ancestral genes differs. Coastal Malagasy populations, including the Temoro , Vezo , and Mikea , etc. have approximately 70% African ancestry and 30% Asian ancestry, while highlander tribes tend to have lower African ancestry at around 45%. In

96-523: A recent island-wide survey the male-only Y chromosomes of African origin are more common than those of East Asian origin, but it varies depending on the study (70.7 vs. 20.7 or 51% vs 34%). However the mtDNA lineages, passed down from mother to child, are the opposite (42.4% African origin vs. 50.1% East Asian origin). Male-only Y chromosome of East/Southeast Asian paternal frequencies such as Haplogroup O-M175 varies from 45% in Antalaotra, 16% in

128-470: A reef. A former French privateer was, at this time, settled on the island, having under him a colony of negroes, who cultivated part of the land with maize and wheat. The first settlement on the islands was founded by M. de Rosemond. Upon his arrival in August 1808, he discovered the bodies of two castaways and a bottle containing notes written by one of them, the privateer Robert Dufour. The only hill on

160-406: Is 26 km (10 sq mi). The soil is likely coral. The culmination is at the top of the hill Emmer on the island in the north. The climate is hot and humid and the average annual temperature is 26 °C (79 °F), ranging from a minimum of 22.5 °C (72.5 °F) and a maximum of 30.6 °C (87.1 °F). April is the hottest month of the year. The tropical climate is conducive to

192-698: Is connected to Mauritius by air and sea. The civilian airstrip on the island in the north allows takeoff and landing of small aircraft. There is now a new 10,000 foot long modern airstrip suitable for jet aircraft. There is no functional port on the islands, only a pier at St James Anchorage on the island's north. Vessels of the Mauritius Shipping Corporation (the Pride Mauritius and the Mauritius Trochetia) cast anchor about 500 m (1,600 ft) from this place, in

224-528: The Mascarene islands , these islands may have been known to Arab and Malay sailors, although no written records have been found to confirm this. Agalega, or Galega, was examined by Captain Briggs of HMS Clorinde , on 12 January 1811, who seems to have fixed its location accurately, which was previously not the case. The landing was found to be difficult on account of the heavy surf, the island being surrounded by

256-545: The island country of Madagascar , formed through generations of interaction between Austronesians originally from southern Borneo and Bantus from Southeast Africa . Traditionally, the population have been divided into sub-ethnic groups. Examples include "Highlander" (ethnically mixed ancestry but more Austronesian and slightly less Bantu) groups such as the Merina and Betsileo of the central highlands around Antananarivo , Alaotra (Ambatondrazaka) and Fianarantsoa , and

288-645: The "coastal dwellers" (predominantly Bantu with less Austronesian traits sometimes like mulatto) such as the Sakalava , Bara , Vezo , Betsimisaraka , Mahafaly , etc. The Merina are further divided into two subgroups. The “Merina A” are the Hova and Andriana, and have an average of 30–40% Bantu ancestry. The second subgroup is the “Merina B”, the Andevo, who have an average of 40–50% Bantu ancestry. The latter make up less than 2/3 of Merina society. The Malagasy population

320-454: The 21st century than they were in the past. But, many Malagasy are proud to proclaim their association with one or several of these groups as part of their own cultural identity. Countries with a significant Malagasy diaspora include France (specifically the overseas departments of Mayotte and Réunion ), Comoros (specifically the island of Moheli ), South Africa , Latin America and

352-806: The Ampanabaka, 5% Anteony. In contrast, African male haplogroup such as E1b1a1 constituted 76% of the Ampanabaka genetic diversity, but only 7% in the Antalaotra and 12% in the Anteony. Due to the proximity to Africa, the connection with Asian populations aroused the most curiosity. Around 1996, a study was launched in an attempt to identify the presence of the Polynesian motif in the Malagasy population ( mtDNA haplotype B4a1a1a). A more recent study identified two additional mutations (1473 and 3423A) found in all Polynesian motif carriers of Madagascar, hence

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384-971: The Caribbean and the United States . The Malagasy diaspora in the United States includes those descended from people who, slave or free, came during the 18th and 19th centuries. Other Americans of Malagasy ancestry are recent immigrants from Madagascar. Some notable Americans who have Malagasy ancestry include Andy Razaf , Katherine Dunham , Regina M. Anderson , William H. Hastie , George Schuyler and Philippa Schuyler , Muhammad Ali , Robert Reed Church and Mary Church Terrell , Frederick D. Gregory , Thomas P. Mahammitt , Paschal Beverly Randolph , Maya Rudolph , Claude McKay , Jess Tom , Ben Jealous , and Keenen Ivory Wayans . The first recorded African slave in Canada, Olivier Le Jeune ,

416-510: The Chagos' case, the financial costs in 1965 were estimated at £10 million (approximately £250 million today) excluding the United States' secret contribution to the BIOT enterprise via the waiving of costs associated with Britain's nuclear weapons acquisitions. The financial costs for Britain to create BIOT were high. Acquiring Agaléga would have increased Britain's financial burden, at a time when it

448-588: The Malagasy were historically subdivided into specifically named ethnic groups, who were primarily distinguished from one another on the basis of cultural practices. These were namely agricultural, hunting, or fishing practices; construction style of dwellings ; music ; hair and clothing styles; and local customs or taboos, the latter was known in the Malagasy language as fady . The number of such ethnic groups in Madagascar has been debated. The practices that distinguished many of these groups are less prevalent in

480-644: The Merina-Betsileo alliance. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the French colonial administration capitalized on and further exacerbated these political inequities by appropriating existing Merina governmental infrastructure to run their colony. This legacy of political inequity dogged the people of Madagascar after gaining independence in 1960; candidates' ethnic and regional identities have often served to help or hinder their success in democratic elections. Within these two broad ethnic and political groupings,

512-1855: The South island is 7 km (4.3 mi) long and 4.5 km (2.8 mi) wide. The North Island is home to the islands' airstrip and the capital Vingt-Cinq . The islands are known for their production of coconuts , their main industry and, also, for the Agalega day gecko . There are three different explanations for the name Agaléga. Agale 1519 Atlas Miller, Pedro Reiner [1] https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b55002605w/f2.item# Gale 1519 Carte du Monde Jorge Reinel, Sevilla [2] https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b59055673/f1.item Y. de la Gale 1525 Planisfero Castiglioni: Carta del navigare universalissima et dil. gentilissima, Sevilla [3] https://edl.beniculturali.it/beu/850013656 Y. de la Galera 1548 Africa Nova tabula Gioan. Gastaldi, Giacomo; Pietro Andrea, Pb. Baptista Pedrezano Venecia [4] https://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~291327~90063055 Y. de la galera 1570 Ortelius, Abraham, 1527-1598 Africae Tabula Nova.Pb. Gielis Coppens van Diest; Anberes [5] Agalega 1587 Tavola XVI. Che Ha Sua Superiore La Tavola Settima. Libro Terzo. Monte (Monti), Urbano, 1544-1613 Manuscript [6] Da Galega 1595 Indian Ocean. Delineatio Orarum maritimarum, Terra vulgo indigetata Terra do Naral, item Sofale, Mozambicae ....Linschoten, Jan Huygen van, 1563-1611Paludanus, Bernard, 1550-1633 Chez Evert Pb. Cloppenburgh, Amsterdam [7] Y. de la Galera 1599 Africa Nuova tavola, Ruscelli, Girolamo; Rosaccio, Giuseppe; Appresso gli heredi di Melchior Sessa; Venecia [8] I. du Gallega: 1607 "Abissinorum Sive Pretiosi Ioannis Imperiu" Cornelis Claes, Amsterdam [9] I. d. Gale 1665 Blaeu, Joan, 1596-1673 Africae nova descriptio Pb Joan Blaeu, Amsterdam [10] As with

544-488: The Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.237 via cp1104 cp1104, Varnish XID 204042129 Upstream caches: cp1104 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 07:57:18 GMT Malagasy people The Malagasy ( French : Malgache or Malagasy : Gasy ) are a group of Austronesian -speaking ethnic groups indigenous to

576-484: The base as being a threat to local employment, self-determination , creole language ( Agalega creole ) and culture and Mauritian sovereignty . These recent infrastructural development by India , for civil and military use, have significantly transformed the islands' landscape. North Island is 12.5 km (7.8 mi) long and 1.5 km (0.9 mi) wide while South Island is 7 km (4.3 mi) long and 4.5 km (2.8 mi) wide. The total area of both islands

608-446: The deep sea, during refueling. Health services are provided by a health officer and a midwife. Doctors from Mauritius make short tours throughout the year. The Agaléens also receive a visit from a magistrate during the year. For education, there is a primary school for the young, but pupils then continue their education in secondary schools on the island of Mauritius. St. Brandon Too Many Requests If you report this error to

640-560: The development of mangrove and coconut trees that cover the two islets. Agaléga is managed by a company of the State of Mauritius, the Outer Island Development Company (OIDC), a company which develops remote islands. The company delegates a resident manager, a kind of steward, who is the supreme authority on the two islets. The economy of the archipelago is based primarily on the exportation of coconut oil . In

672-464: The evolution of this specific language remains unclear. Today, the population consists of around 300 people, known locally as Agaléens ("Agalegans"), who speak Creole. Catholicism is the dominant religion. A 2015 memorandum of understanding on India–Mauritius military cooperation envisaged developing the Agaléga islands for an Indian military base. Local residents vocally opposed construction of

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704-435: The health service. There is no running water on the island. Drinking water comes from rainwater collected by gutters. Water for other uses is sourced from wells. Electricity is supplied by generators running on diesel, with supply limited to certain hours. The company that manages the remote islands, such as Agaléga and St Brandon, is working on a project to ensure power supply to these islands, via submarine connection. Agaléga

736-460: The intermixing of the first small founding population with African males. The closest Asian parental population of the Malagasy are found in what is now Indonesia, among the Banjar and other South Kalimantan Dayak people of south east Borneo . Language footprints of their ancestors from Southeastern Asia can be traced by the many shared words of basic vocabulary with Ma'anyan , a language from

768-613: The islands in 1897 as the first missionary. An improvised chapel was built on the South Island. The origin of its inhabitants was influenced by the political ructions in the world at the time: Mauritius became a British colony in 1810, the abolition of the slave trade, then the abolition of slavery in 1835, followed by the arrival of unskilled Asian labourers. The slaves themselves were of Malagasy origin or from Madras in India whilst some were freed from slave ships and others were from

800-409: The islands, Montagne d'Emmerez, derives its name from the second shipwrecked sailor, a Mauritian called Adelaide d'Emmerez. Economic, infrastructural and political development of the islands did not begin until the arrival of Auguste Le Duc in 1827, a French administrator sent by M. Barbé to organise production of coconut oil and copra . There still exists a number of historical monuments dating from

832-434: The neighbouring Betsileo people under their administration first. They later extended Merina control over the majority of the coastal areas. The neighbouring island of Moheli was also ruled by a Muslim Merina dynasty founded by Abderremane, Sultan of Mohéli , who was a brother-in-law of King Radama I . The military resistance and eventual defeat of most of the coastal communities assured their subordinate position vis-à-vis

864-532: The period 1827 to 1846, made by slaves: the village Vingt-Cinq (named after the 25 lashes that were given to rebellious slaves), the Slave Dungeons, an Oil Mill, a cemetery for Blacks and a cemetery for Whites, among others. Auguste Le Duc also began construction of a bridge between the two islands, although it was swept away by severe weather. Father Victor Malaval brought the Catholic Church to

896-520: The region of the Barito River in southern Borneo . The difference in origins remains somewhat evident between the highland and coastal regions . In addition to the distinction in term of ancestral proportion between highland and coastal Malagasy, one may speak of a political distinction as well. Merina monarchs in the late 18th and early 19th century, united the Merina principalities and brought

928-531: The slave trading ports of the Comoros Islands . Legends such as "Calèche Blanc" and "Princesse Malgache" are part of the folklore of the islands, as well as the coded language of "Madam langaz Seret" which has come down from the time of slavery. This language is a mixture of French and Mauritian Creole where every syllable is doubled with the first consonants replaced by the "g" (e.g. "Français" becomes "frangrançaisgais"). The origin, purpose and reasons for

960-413: Was 2,242,000 in the first census in 1900. Their population had a massive growth in the next hundred years, especially under French Madagascar . An island-wide survey of the genetic diversity was performed from 2008 to 2018. This project was called "MAGE" (for Madagascar, Anthropology Genetics Ethno-linguistic ). Around 3000 inhabitants of Madagascar participated in this study and provided their saliva for

992-537: Was named the Malagasy motif. The frequency varied among three ethnic groups: 50% in Merina , 22% in Vezo, and 13% in Mikea. Based on this result, a study suggested that Madagascar was settled approximately 1,200 years ago by a very small group, which consisted of approximately 30 women; 28 (93%) of them had maritime Southeast Asian descent and 2 (7%) of them were of African descent. The Malagasy population developed through

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1024-513: Was winding down its vast empire and reigning in its defense spending. Most homes are in the main villages of Vingt-Cinq and La Fourche on the North Island, and St. Rita on the South Island. The road connecting the different localities is sandy and coral. The North Island is home to an airstrip, a government primary school "Jacques Le Chartier", the police station, the weather station, the central telecommunications office (Mauritius Telecom) and

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