34-456: Aizawl ( English: / aɪ ˈ z ɔː l / ; Mizo : [ˈaɪ̯.ˈzɔːl] ), formerly known as Aijal , is the capital city and the most populous city of Mizoram , India . It is also the third largest city in northeast India . It is situated atop a series of ridges , with an average elevation of around 1,132 metres (3,714 feet) above sea level . In 2024, the city has an estimated population of 405,000 people. The word Aizawl
68-583: A British military operation against the Mizo natives. Aizawl was subsequently chosen as the site for a fortified post on Dally's recommendation, leading Colonel Skinner to oversee its construction. The troops erected stockades and other essential structures, establishing a significant military presence in the area. In the same year, Fort Aijal was established, a small village that became the capital of British administration in North Lushai Hills . Aijal
102-485: A distinction between high and low tone, and falling and rising tones developed from syllable-final h and glottal stop, which themselves often reflect earlier consonants. The eight tones and intonations that the vowel a (and the vowels aw , e , i , u , which constitutes all the tones in Mizo) can have are shown by the letter sequence p - a - n - g , as follows: Note that the exact orthography of tones with diacritics
136-770: A leading newspaper in Mizoram, Vanglaini , the magazine Kristian Ṭhalai , and other publishers began using Á , À , Ä , É , È , Ë , Í , Ì , Ï , Ó , Ò , Ö , Ú , Ù , Ü to indicate the long intonations and tones. However, this does not differentiate the different intonations that short tones can have. The following is a sample text in Mizo of Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights : Mizo: Mi zawng zawng hi zalèna piang kan ni a, zahawmna leh dikna chanvoah intluk tlâng vek kan ni. Chhia leh ṭha hriatna fîm neia siam kan nih avangin kan mihring puite chungah inunauna thinlung kan pu tlat tur
170-508: A mild, sub-tropical climate due to its location and elevation. Under the Köppen climate classification , Aizawl features a humid subtropical climate (Cwa). In summer, temperatures are moderately warm, averaging around 20–30 °C (68–86 °F). In winter, daytime temperatures are cooler in comparison to the rest of the year, averaging around 11–21 °C (52–70 °F). Aizawl is connected by air transport through Lengpui Airport which it
204-596: A ni. English: All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience. Therefore, they should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. Mizo has a thriving literature, which has both written and oral traditions . It has undergone a considerable change in the 20th century. The Mizoram Press Information Bureau lists some twenty Mizo daily newspapers just in Aizawl city, as of March 2013. Lengpui Airport Lengpui Airport ( IATA : AJL , ICAO : VELP )
238-474: A rugged and uneven settlement. The intensification of the Mautam famine in the late 1950s prompted an influx of people seeking sustenance and opportunities, further fueling Aizawl's growth. Nearby villages like Chaltlang and Durtlang soon became absorbed into the expanding urban landscape, marking the transition of Aizawl into a modern cityscape by the early 1960s. The expansion of Aizawl came to an abrupt halt in
272-647: A studio that host programmes at scheduled hours. FM Zoawi is a popular radio station in Aizawl. Pachhunga University College was among the earliest colleges founded in 1958. Aizawl College , the second oldest college in Aizawl City was established in the year 1975. Hrangbana College was established in 1980, located in Chanmari, Aizawl, it has 57 teaching staffs with 22 non-teaching staffs and more than 2,000 students in commerce and arts departments. Mizoram University established in 2001 provides affiliation to all
306-440: A substantial number of words in common. Mizo has eight tones and intonations for each of the vowels a , aw , e , i and u , four of which are reduced tones and the other four long tones. The vowel o has only three tones, all of them of the reduced type. The vowels can be represented as follows: Mizo has the following triphthongs : Mizo has the following consonants, with the first symbol being its orthographical form and
340-470: A very precise approach from the pilot. At present, Lengpui Airport has installed a Cat I instrument landing system , which helps planes land safely during low-visibility conditions. A runway safety area and isolation parking bay are also planned. The Indian Air Force is planning to station at least 4 jet fighters at Lengpui airport. Indian Oil handles the aviation fuel service department of Lengpui airport. Starting from 21 April 2021, Lengpui Airport
374-685: Is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken mainly in the Indian state of Mizoram , where it is the official language and lingua franca . It is the mother tongue of the Mizo people and some members of the Mizo diaspora . Other than Mizoram, it is also spoken in Meghalaya , Manipur , Tripura , and Assam states of India, Sagaing Region and Chin State in Myanmar, and Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. It
SECTION 10
#1732772110769408-647: Is a domestic airport serving Aizawl , the capital of Mizoram , India . Located in Lengpui within the Mamit district , the airport lies approximately 32 km north of Aizawl. It offers flights connecting to Delhi , Kolkata , Guwahati , Imphal and Silchar . Notably, Lengpui Airport is the first in India to be constructed by a State Government. The airport is also known as Aizawl Airport or Aizawl–Lengpui Airport , reflecting its role in serving Aizawl. The airport
442-468: Is a combination of two Mizo words: "ai" meaning " cardamom " and "zawl" meaning "flatland" or "plain." Therefore, "Aizawl" could roughly translate to "the field of cardamom." This name may have historical significance or could refer to the characteristics of the area before urbanisation. In 1871–72, Kalkhama ( recorded by the British as Kalkhom ), a Mizo Chief, exhibited disorderly behavior, prompting
476-596: Is achieved by adding the particle lo (not) at the end of a sentence: The Mizo alphabet is based on the Roman alphabet and has 25 letters. In its current form, it was devised by the first Christian missionaries of Mizoram, J. H. Lorrain and F. W. Savidge, based on the Hunterian system of transliteration . A circumflex ^ was later added to the vowels to indicate long vowels, viz., Â , Ê , Î , Ô , Û , which were insufficient to fully express Mizo tone. Recently,
510-559: Is inaugurated on 7 August 2018 in Falkawn. Football is the most popular sport in Mizoram with a number of footballers playing in national leagues in different parts of India. The professional football club of the city Aizawl F.C. competes in I-League . Some of the important sporting facilities in Aizawl are: Aizawl hosted the third edition of Xchange North East Youth NGO summit from October 3 to 5, 2018. Mizo language Mizo
544-729: Is mainly based on the Lusei dialect but it has also derived many words from its surrounding Mizo clans. The language is also known as Duhlian and Lushai , a colonial term, as the Duhlian people were the first among the Mizo people to be encountered by the British in the course of their colonial expansion . Mizo is related to the other languages of the Sino-Tibetan language family . The Kuki-Chin-Mizo languages (which native Mizo speakers call Zohnahthlâk ṭawngho / Mizo ṭawngho ) have
578-407: Is situated near Aizawl. The airport provides connectivity to Kolkata , Delhi , Guwahati , Agartala , Shillong and Imphal , operated by Air India , Go First and IndiGo . A helicopter service by Pawan Hans was started in 2012 and connects the city with Lunglei , Lawngtlai , Saiha , Chawngte , Serchhip , Champhai , Kolasib , Khawzawl , Ngopa and Hnahthial . Mizoram is connected to
612-450: Is still not standardised (notably for differentiating the four short tones with confusive or conflicting choices of diacritics) except for the differentiation of long tones by using the circumflex from short tones. As well, the need of at least seven diacritics may cause complications to design easy keyboard layouts, even if they use dead keys and even if not all basic Latin letters are needed for Mizo itself, and so publications may represent
646-480: The 2011 Census of India , Aizawl had a population of 293,416. Females constitute 50.61% of the population and males made up the remaining 49.39%. Mizos from various tribes make up the majority of the population. Christianity forms majority of the city population about 93.63%. Other minority religions include Hinduism 4.14%, Islam 1.52%, Buddhism 0.45%, Others 0.09%, Sikhism 0.03% and Jainism 0.02%. and 0.11% of peoples did not state their religion. Aizawl has
680-596: The British to establish an outpost. This outpost, initially founded by Suakpuilala, the Chief of Reiek , later evolved into Aizawl village. Situated a mere 14 kilometress from Sairang and accessible via flat-bottomed boats, it served as a strategic location, with the Li Bial stream. In 1889, Officer Dally of the Assam Police , accompanied by 400 men, arrived in Aizawl village to assist Colonel Skinner's troops during
714-553: The Congress-ZNP party coalition was voted to power in the state legislative assembly. The AMC office is being administered by one council chairman, Vice-chairman and three executive members. It consists of 19 elected members representing 19 wards of the city and others appointed by the Governor of Mizoram. One-third of the total membership is reserved for women, these six seats shall be rotated after every five years. The tenure of
SECTION 20
#1732772110769748-573: The actual farmers. Previously, the airport was also served by Air Deccan which later became Kingfisher Red , but the airline stopped operating from the airport in April 2012. The 2,500-metre runway of the Lengpui airport is unique in that it has many hilly streams running underneath. The airport is one of the airports in India that has a table top runway (others being Kozhikode , Shimla , Mangalore ) which creates an optical illusion that requires
782-624: The colleges in Mizoram. Mizoram University also provides post-graduate education as well as B.Tech. education and other departments. ICFAI University, Mizoram located in Durtlang, Aizawl West College , Government Aizawl North College, J. Thankima College also provides undergraduate courses. Mizoram Law College provides education to people who seek profession in Law. Indian Institute of Mass Communication and National Institute of Technology Mizoram has already started operations. Zoram Medical College
816-442: The council is five years. There is a Ward Committee in every ward that consists of a chairman, who is an elected councillor from that ward, and two members each from all the local council within the ward. There are 78 local councils having a term of five years. As of 1910, there were 777 army personnel in Aizawl from different parts of North India as well as Nepal . The Gurkha's among the soldiers eventually settled in Aizawl. As of
850-948: The mid-1960s due to the turmoil caused by the Mizo Independence Movement , spearheaded by the Mizo National Front (MNF), which engaged in open conflict with the Government of India . However, a pivotal and tragic event unfolded in Aizawl in March 1966, marking a dark chapter in its history. In an effort to suppress the MNF's advances, on March 5-6th, the Government of India launched a devastating bombardment of Aizawl and its surrounding areas, resulting in significant loss of life. By this point, Aizawl had already been largely evacuated, with many seeking refuge in
884-445: The national network by a railway up to Bairabi ; the government has also begun constructing a broad gauge Bairabi Sairang Railway connection for better connectivity in the state. The Aizawl Monorail system was proposed in 2011, but as of 2024, it is still uncertain whether the project will proceed with implementation. Newspaper: The major media in Aizawl in the Mizo and English languages are: Radio: All India Radio also has
918-399: The nearby jungle. This unprecedented act of the Indian government, to conduct airstrikes in its own territory in urban areas, remains the first in Indian history. Aizawl continued to be the capital of Mizoram after gaining the status of Union Territory. The UT status provided opportunities for economic growth and development in Aizawl. The city emerged as a key commercial and trade centre in
952-415: The nearest airport at Silchar . With regards to land acquisition, it has been found out that about 65 percent of the area acquired, belonged to some high government officials and political leaders at Aizawl, who started buying plots from people in Lengpui village at very low prices. They then donated the land to the government for the airport for which the rich persons got much more compensation as donors than
986-583: The quality of life for its citizens. Aizawl is located in north of the Tropic of Cancer in the northern part of Mizoram. It is situated on a ridge 1,132 metres (3715 ft) above sea level, with the Tlawng river valley to its west and the Tuirial river valley to its east. The Aizawl Municipal Corporation is the authority of civic administration of Aizawl city. It was formed in 2010 with 19 Members when
1020-447: The region, with Burmese ethnic Chin immigrants seeking better job opportunities in Aizawl. Statehood provided Aizawl with enhanced access to resources, funding, and developmental schemes from the central government. This facilitated the implementation of infrastructure projects, such as Lengpui Airport , educational initiatives, healthcare programs, and poverty alleviation measures aimed at fostering socio-economic growth and improving
1054-458: The second one its representation in the IPA : As Mizo is a tonal language , differences in pitch and pitch contour can change the meanings of words. Tone systems have developed independently in many daughter languages, largely by simplifications in the set of possible syllable-final and syllable-initial consonants. Typically, a distinction between voiceless and voiced initial consonants is replaced by
Aizawl - Misplaced Pages Continue
1088-665: The short tones using digrams (e.g. by appending some apostrophe or glottal letter) to reduce the number of diacritics needed to only four (those used now for the long tones) on only two dead keys. In Mizo verb tense is indicated by the aspect and the addition of particles, such as: Mizo gerunds and past participles are formed by a change in word ending called tihdanglamna . Mizo nouns undergo declension into cases . Nouns are pluralised by suffixing -te , -ho , -teho or -hote . All Mizo pronouns occur in two forms, namely in free form and clitic form and are declined into cases. For declarative sentences, negation
1122-539: Was constructed at a cost of ₹ 979 crore, and was completed in a record time of two years and two months. The construction work started in December 1995 and completed in February 1998. The airport was expected to be able to cater to 300 incoming and outgoing passengers. Before the construction of this airport, Aizawl was 130 km (81 mi) from the nearest railway head at Bairabi and 205 km (127 mi) from
1156-633: Was formally established on 25 February 1890 as Fort Aijal . Aizawl swiftly emerged as the administrative and religious hub for the Mizos, following the establishment of the Welsh Mission Society headquarters in the city. This led to a surge in population as Aizawl Bazar evolved into the primary commercial center of the Lushai Hills region . The once modest village, situated on a level hilltop, underwent rapid expansion, transforming into
#768231