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36-477: According to a 1945 census, the town's population was 3,710, and the village lands comprised a total land area of 60,585 dunums of which nearly half was cultivable. The population figures for this town also included the populations of nearby khirbets, or ancient villages. During the 1948 Palestine war , the al-Dawayima massacre occurred. According to Saleh Abd al-Jawad an estimated 80-200 civilian men, women and children were killed. According to John Bagot Glubb ,

72-399: A Muslim village, between the mountains and Gaza , but subject to the government of el-Khulil . In 1863 Victor Guérin visited twice, and he estimated that the village contained 900 inhabitants, while an Ottoman village list from about 1870 found that Dawaime had only a population of 85, in a total of 34 houses, though the population count included men, only. It also noted that it

108-528: A British officer stationed with Jordanian's Arab Legion in Bethlehem and Hebron at that time, the massacre was calculated to drive out the villagers and had been reported by UN observers to involve 30 deaths. The massacre was cited by Yigal Allon as the reason for the halting of the creeping annexation that included Bayt Jibrin , Qubeiba and Tel Maresha. It was also seen as a reprisal by the Israelis for

144-519: A UN report said that 30 women and children were killed. In 1955, the ruins of the town were replaced by the Israeli moshav of Amatzia . It has been occasionally identified with the Old Testament town of Bosqat , the home of Josiah 's mother Jedidah ( 2 Kings , 22:1) though the association has not found widespread acceptance. Al-Dawayima's historical remains encompass a long period from

180-467: A combination of exhibition spaces, research facilities and classrooms. Through its digital platforms and international partners, the museum seeks to connect with about 10 million Palestinians scattered around the world, and with all those interested in Palestine. The Palestinian Museum is notable as a winner of the 2019 Aga Khan Award for Architecture . When it was shortlisted for the award earlier in

216-494: A dunam of some size include Libya and Syria . A metric dunam is equal to: The Byzantine Greek stremma was the probable source of the Turkish unit. The zeugarion (Turkish çift ) was a similar unit derived from the area plowed by a team of oxen in a day. The English acre was originally similar to both units in principle, although it developed separately. The Palestinian Museum The Palestinian Museum

252-409: A large courtyard, a number of rooms, and one large hall for prayers, and was surrounded by fig and carob trees and cactuses. It attracted visitors from the neighboring villages. A mosque was located in the village center, it was maintained by the followers of al-tariqa al-khalwatiyya , a Sufi mystic order founded by Shaykh Umar al-Khalwati (d.1397) In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by

288-704: Is 1 decare . From the Ottoman period and through the early years of the British Mandate for Palestine , the size of a dunam was 919.3 square metres (9,895 sq ft), but in 1928, the metric dunam of 1,000 square metres (0.10 ha) was adopted, and this is still used today in Israel. The Dubai Statistics Center and Statistics Centre Abu Dhabi use the metric dunam (spelt as donum) for data relating to agricultural land use. One donum equals 1,000 square metres (10,764 sq ft). Other countries using

324-696: Is a museum in Birzeit , in the West Bank , State of Palestine , that was inaugurated on 18 May 2016. It is a flagship project of the Welfare Association, a non-profit organization for developing humanitarian projects in Palestine . Representing the history and aspirations of the Palestinian people, the museum aims to discuss the past, present, and future of Palestine. The museum building

360-560: Is built on nearly ten acres of land donated by Birzeit University near Ramallah, and the cost of the building is estimated at US $ 24 to $ 30 million. Funds were contributed by "over 30 private Palestinian families and institutions", including the A. M. Qattan Foundation , the Bank of Palestine (privately owned), and the Arab Fund for Social and Economic Development . The museum was inaugurated by Mahmoud Abbas on 18 May 2016, but it

396-541: Is located 25 km north of Jerusalem . The inaugural exhibition, "Jerusalem Lives", was opened on 26 August 2017. On 29 August 2019, the museum received the Aga Khan Award for Architecture . Representing the history and aspirations of the Palestinian people, the Palestinian Museum aims to discuss the past, present, and future of Palestine. The museum's research programs develop knowledge that

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432-517: Is relevant inside and outside Palestine. Through its digital platforms and international partners, the museum aims to connect with about 10 million Palestinians scattered around the world, and with all those interested in Palestine. The museum aims to transcend political and geographical borders, and address the mobility issues due to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict . Through local, regional and international partnerships and affiliate centers,

468-465: Is used, which is an SI unit, literally meaning 10 ares. In Cyprus , a donum is 1 337 .803 776  m or 14400 square feet. In the Republic of Cyprus older Greek-Cypriots also still refer to the donum using the local Greek Cypriot dialect word σκάλες [skales], rather than the mainland Greek word stremma (equivalent to a decare). However, since 1986 officially Cyprus uses the square metre and

504-656: The British Mandate authorities , AI Dawaima had a population of 2,441 inhabitants, all Muslims, increasing in the 1931 census to 2,688, still all Muslim, in a total of 559 houses. The villagers expanded and renovated the village mosque in the 1930s, and added a tall minaret . In the 1945 statistics , Al-Dawayima had a population of 3,710 Muslims, with a total land area of 60.585 dunums of land. By 1944/45, 21,191 dunums of village land were allotted to cereals, 1,206 dunums were irrigated or used for orchards, while 179 dunams were built-up (urban) areas. The Institute for Palestine Studies and The Palestinian Museum note

540-712: The Bronze Age , through to the Persian and Hellenistic, down to the Ottoman period. Bulldozing what remains of the Palestinian village to prepare a new Israeli village has revealed an ancient olive press , a columbarium cave, a villa from the Second Temple era, and both mikvehs and cisterns. The "core clan" of Al-Dawayima were the Ahdibs, who traced their origin to the Muslim conquest and settlement of Palestine in

576-595: The Ottomans, although the new or metric dunam has been redefined as exactly one decare (1,000 square metres (11,000 sq ft)), which is 1/10 hectare (1/10 × 10,000 square metres (110,000 sq ft)), like the modern Greek royal stremma . The name dönüm , from the Ottoman Turkish dönmek ( دونمك , "to turn"), appears to be a calque of the Byzantine Greek stremma and had

612-541: The amount of land that could be ploughed by a team of oxen in a day. The legal definition was "forty standard paces in length and breadth", but its actual area varied considerably from place to place, from a little more than 900 square metres (9,700 sq ft) in Ottoman Palestine to around 2,500 square metres (27,000 sq ft) in Iraq . The unit is still in use in many areas previously ruled by

648-455: The beginning of the 19th century. "It is not necessarily to start or stop at the Nakba, but nevertheless to look at Palestinians before that and after that … take that history and that memory as a means to reflect on what's happening today and as a way to think through ideas, concepts and propositions for the future." Jack Persekian , former director of the Palestinian Museum. In May 2016, it

684-450: The building with its environment. The building's interior contains galleries, educational and research facilities, and administrative offices. The museum's sustainable construction earned it LEED Gold certification. The building design and operations take sustainability into account. To reach LEED standards, the builders needed to implement systems control technologies that were new to the area's building industry. The museum building

720-472: The evening and on special occasions. As the village expanded people began to build new houses outside of the village core. These new houses were larger and built of whitewashed stone some of them had thick, stone walls and were called jidaris (from the Arabic word for wall, jidar )....Each house had two levels: the upper level was occupied by the family members and the lower level by their animals. The houses of

756-423: The following about the town's built environment: "Shops were scattered throughout the various neighborhoods of the village center. Houses were made of stone and mud, separated by narrow streets and alleys. The older houses were clustered closely together. Each set of houses shared a hawsh , a large courtyard that provided space for women to do their domestic chores, for children to play, and for families to gather in

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792-420: The hectare. A donum consists of 4 evleks, each of which consists of 334.450 944  m or 3.600 square feet. In Greece, the old dönüm is called a "Turkish stremma", while today, a stremma or "royal stremma" is exactly one decare , like the metric dönüm. In Iraq , the dunam is 2,500 square metres (0.25 ha). In Israel and Turkey , the dunam is 1,000 square metres (10,764 sq ft), which

828-555: The massacre of Jews in Kfar Etzion months before, on May 13, 1948, by Palestinian fighters and some members of the Arab Legion. The moshav of Amatzia was established in 1955 on land that had belonged to Al-Dawayima. According to the Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi  : "The site has been fenced in. A cowshed, a chicken coop, and granaries have been built at its center (which has been leveled). The southern side of

864-542: The museum seeks to connect Palestinians worldwide. With an extensive network of partnerships within the region, it hopes to act as a hub for cultural activity there. The idea of developing a museum was initiated in 1997 by the London-based Welfare Association to commemorate the Nakba , and later developed to a broader viewpoint to documenting Palestinian history, society, art and culture from

900-516: The museum's COVID-19 lockdown programming in 2020, that enabled it to increase and continue providing its activities online without interruption, while diversifying its audiences. On October 3, 2023, the museum board announced interdisciplinary visual artist Amer Shomali as the new General Director. The architectural firm responsible for the building is Heneghan Peng , who designed the Grand Egyptian Museum . The building offers

936-454: The qabbeh is in the qelayed ("necklaces") pattern. The side-panels of the skirt are completely covered with embroidered columns. Among the patterns used here are: nakhleh ("palm") motif, ward-wil-aleq ("rose-and-leech") and khem-el-basha ("the pashas tent"). Each column is topped with various trees. There is no embroidery on the long, pointed sleeves. The village is often featured in the works of Palestinian artist Abdul Hay Mosallam who

972-525: The same size. It was likely adopted by the Ottomans from the Byzantines in Mysia - Bithynia . The Dictionary of Modern Greek defines the old Ottoman stremma as approximately 1,270 square metres (13,700 sq ft), but Costas Lapavitsas used the value of 1,600 square metres (17,000 sq ft) for the region of Naoussa in the early 20th century. In Bosnia and Herzegovina and also Serbia,

1008-461: The seventh century. In the late Ottoman era, in May, 1838, Edward Robinson visited during harvesting time. He noted that Al-Dawayima was situated on a hill, with a view of several villages to the east. During the harvest, several Christians from Beit Jala were employed here as labourers; the barley harvest was coming to an end, while the wheat harvest was just beginning. He further noted it as

1044-555: The site contains stone terraces and the remnants of a house. The eastern side is occupied by the residential area of the moshav." In 2013, the whole area, apart from some ancient Jewish remains, was bulldozed to pave the way for the erection of a new community called Karmei Katif , which was completed in 2016 and which houses evacuees of the Gaza Strip settlements . The new name is reminiscent of Gush Katif . A woman's thob (loose fitting robe with sleeves) dated to about 1910 that

1080-401: The unit is called dulum (дулум) or dunum (дунум). In Bosnia and Herzegovina dunum (or dulum) equals 1,000 square metres (10,764 sq ft). In the region of Leskovac , south Serbia, One dulum is equal to 1,600 square metres (17,222 sq ft). In Albania it is called dynym or dylym. It is equal to 1,000 square metres (10,764 sq ft). In Bulgaria , the decare (декар)

1116-583: The well-to-do villagers had their own courtyards and large guest rooms, in addition to animal stables." Al-Dawaymima was captured by Israel 's Eighty Ninth Battalion (commanded by Dov Chesis) of the 8th Armored Brigade led by the founder of the Palmach , Yitzhak Sadeh , after Operation Yoav on 29 October 1948, five days after the start of the truce. It was the site of the al-Dawayima massacre in which 80–200 civilians were killed, including women and children. According to Lieutenant-General John Bagot Glubb ,

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1152-686: The year, the museum was noted for marrying an aesthetically pleasing design with environmental responsibility. Located atop a terraced hill, the museum building overlooks the Mediterranean. With a design inspired by the surrounding rural landscape, the building integrates seamlessly into its environment. The building's facade is made of local limestone and its cascading gardens represent the history of Palestinian vegetation and agriculture. Builders laid terraces by hand, incorporating artisanal knowledge and skill. Outdoor garden spaces extend interior spaces to facilitate outdoor exhibitions and blend

1188-473: Was announced that Mahmoud Hawari would succeed Jack Persekian as director, who was ousted by the board after three and a half years. Writer and academic Dr. Adila Laïdi-Hanieh was appointed as Director General in September 2018. She developed the first five years programs strategy of the museum, and established two new departments focusing on curating, and on research and knowledge programming. She led

1224-510: Was expelled from it in 1948. By 2011, two books about the village history had been published. Lafi Dunam A dunam ( Ottoman Turkish , Arabic : دونم ; Turkish : dönüm ; Hebrew : דונם ), also known as a donum or dunum and as the old , Turkish , or Ottoman stremma , was the Ottoman unit of area equivalent to the Greek stremma or English acre , representing

1260-454: Was located west of Hebron . In 1883, the PEF 's Survey of Western Palestine described al-Dawayima as a village on a high stony ridge that had olive groves beneath it. On a higher ridge to the west stood a shrine that was topped by a white stone. The people of al-Dawayima were Muslims . They maintained several religious shrines, chief among them the shrine of Shaykh ´Ali. This shrine had

1296-612: Was produced in Al-Dawayima is part of the Museum of International Folk Art (MOIFA) collection at Santa Fe . The dress is of hand-woven blue indigo linen . The embroidery is in predominantly red silk cross-stitch, with touches of violet, orange, yellow, white, green and black. The upper half of the qabbeh (the square chest panel) is embroidered with alternating columns of diamonds, (a pattern known as el-ferraneh ), and eight-pointed stars, (called qamr ("moons")). The lower half of

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