Misplaced Pages

#638361

21-499: It is thought that Al-Khazneh was built as a mausoleum and crypt at the beginning of the 1st century AD during the reign of Aretas IV Philopatris . It is one of the most popular tourist attractions in both Jordan and the region. Al-Khazneh means "The Treasury" in Arabic , a name derived from legends regarding the decorative stone urn high on the second level, which in reality is solid sandstone . It came to be called "Al-Khazneh" in

42-625: A Nabataean community in Damascus, and not the city as a whole." Several have proposed that Aretas briefly annexed Damascus after 37 AD. Aretas IV died in AD 40 and was succeeded by his son Malichus II and daughter Shaqilath II . The Naked Archeologist The Naked Archaeologist is a television series on VisionTV in Canada and History International in the US, that was produced and hosted by

63-608: A new wife, Herodias , mother of Salome . Herodias was already married to his brother, Herod II , who died around AD 33/34. Antipas married Herodias. According to Christian accounts, it was opposition to this marriage that led to the beheading of John the Baptist. However, the Jewish-Roman historian Josephus depicts John's execution instead as being a preemptive effort to prevent a rebellion. Aretas invaded Herod Antipas' domain and defeated his army, partly because soldiers from

84-677: Is also depicted in Hergé 's The Red Sea Sharks , one of the Adventures of Tintin , Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger , Sky 1 travel series An Idiot Abroad , The Sisters of Mercy 1988 music video for " Dominion ", the history series The Naked Archeologist , the Korean drama Misaeng , the video game Overwatch , and Mortal Kombat Annihilation . In the 2007 video game Assassin's Creed ,

105-535: The Emmy Award –winning journalist Simcha Jacobovici . There is also an Israeli version, broadcast on Channel 8 (Israel), that was co-hosted by Avri Gilad . The show examines biblical stories and tries to find proof for them by exploring the Holy Land looking for archaeological evidence, personal inferences, deductions, and interviews with scholars and experts. Subsequent to its original run on VisionTV , it

126-574: The Elder , to attack Aretas. Vitellius gathered his legions and moved southward, stopping in Jerusalem for the passover of AD 37, when news of the emperor's death arrived. The invasion of Nabataea was never completed. The Christian Apostle Paul mentions that he had to sneak out of Damascus in a basket through a window in the wall to escape the ethnarch of King Aretas ( 2 Corinthians 11 :32, 33, cf Acts 9 :23, 24). Proposals that control of Damascus

147-481: The GDP. Hotels, souvenir shops, restaurants, and horse rental services are all found within a few-mile radius of Petra itself. While the economic effects have been largely positive, the site faces threats from increased tourism. Humidity from large crowds of people visiting the site can cause damage to the dry sandstone. White spots have appeared on walls and columns from stearic acid deposition due to hands resting against

168-399: The assassination of Obodas III , who was apparently poisoned. Josephus says that he was originally named Aeneas, but took "Aretas" as his throne name. An inscription from Petra suggests that he may have been a member of the royal family, as a descendant of Malichus I . The capital of his kingdom was a prosperous trading city, Petra , some 170 miles south of Amman. Petra is famous for

189-578: The city of Petra and Al-Khazneh were rediscovered by Swiss explorer Burckhardt. As Western Europe continued to explore the Middle East, tourism became more common, and by the 1920s, a small hotel had opened near Petra. While Petra was not as popular as larger, more central cities like Cairo, tourism started changing the economy and social structure of the nearby Bedouin people. Tourism is now a significant source of income in Jordan, comprising around 20% of

210-724: The early 19th century by the area's Bedouins as they had believed it contained treasures. One legend is that the Egyptian Pharaoh and some of his armies escaped the closing of the Red Sea, created the Khazneh by magic as a safe place for his treasury, and continued in his pursuit of Moses . This led to the name Khazneh el-Far'oun, "Treasury of the Pharaoh". Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt wrote of another local legend that "ancient pharaonic treasures" were hidden in

231-531: The many monuments carved into the rose-red sandstone. The power of the Nabateans extended over the caravan routes south and east of Judea, from the seventh century BC to the second century AD. His full title, as given in the inscriptions, was " Aretas, King of the Nabataeans, Friend of his People. " Being the most powerful neighbour of Judea , he frequently took part in the state affairs of that country and

SECTION 10

#1732772392639

252-480: The region of Philip the Tetrarch (a third brother) gave assistance to King Aretas. Josephus does not identify these auxiliary troops (he calls them 'fugitives'), but Moses of Chorene identifies them as being the army of King Abgarus of Edessa. Antipas was able to escape only with the help of Roman forces. Herod Antipas then appealed to Emperor Tiberius , who dispatched the governor of Syria, Lucius Vitellius

273-957: The relief where Altaïr Ibn-La'Ahad confronts Robert de Sable in the Jerusalem Vault is modeled after The Treasury. The Treasury was spatially documented in 2012 by the non-profit research group Zamani Project , which specializes in 3D digital documentation of tangible cultural heritage . A 3D model can be viewed at zamaniproject.org. The data generated by the Zamani Project create a permanent record that can be used for research, education, restoration and conservation. [REDACTED] Media related to Al Khazneh at Wikimedia Commons 30°19′21″N 35°27′06″E  /  30.32245°N 35.451617°E  / 30.32245; 35.451617 Aretas IV Philopatris Aretas IV Philopatris ( Nabataean Aramaic : 𐢗𐢓𐢆 𐢊𐢛𐢞𐢞 𐢛𐢊𐢒 Ḥārītaṯ Rāḥem-ʿammeh "Aretas, friend of his people" )

294-421: The souls. The figures on the upper level are dancing Amazons with double axes. The entrance is flanked by statues of the twins Castor and Pollux who lived partly on Olympus and partly in the underworld . In contrast to the elaborate façade, the interior comprises a plain main chamber and three antechambers with an interior volume of around 2,000 m (71,000 cu ft). {{{annotations}}} In 1812,

315-531: The temple were filmed at Elstree Studios in England. PBS's Nova Special Lost City of Stone and Ancient Megastructures: Petra , television series from PBS and National Geographic , were dedicated to the Khazneh, and the theories of Nabatean construction techniques and engineering. Al-Khazneh features prominently in Frank Herbert's Dune , a 2000 SciFi miniseries based on the novel. The Treasury

336-493: The urn. Significant damage from bullets can be seen on the urn, which the Jordanian government attributes to Bedouins who believed the legend. Many of the building's architectural details have eroded during the two millennia since it was carved and sculpted from the cliff. The sculptures are thought to be those of various mythological figures associated with the afterlife. On top are figures of four eagles that would carry away

357-553: The walls. The Khazneh surface itself has receded by 40 mm in less than ten years from touching, leaning, or rubbing on the walls. The Treasury has appeared in many Hollywood films, gaining particular fame after being featured in climactic scenes in the 1989 film Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade , in which its façade is represented as the entrance to the final resting place of the Holy Grail . The interior scenes of

378-408: Was already married when he became king. Her profile was featured on Nabataean coins until 16 AD. After a gap of a few years the face of his second wife, Shaqilath , began appearing on the coins. Aretas' daughter, Phasaelis of Nabataea , married Herod Antipas , otherwise known as Herod the Tetrarch. Phasaelis fled to her father when she discovered her husband intended to divorce her in order to take

399-424: Was gained by King Aretas between the death of Herod Philip in 33/34 AD and his death in 40 AD are contradicted by substantial evidence against Aretas controlling the city before 37 AD and many reasons why it could not have been a gift from Caligula between 37 and 40 AD. Most uncertainty stems from whether troops belonging to Aretas actually controlled the city, or if Paul was referring to "the official in control of

420-508: Was influential in shaping the destiny of its rulers. While not on particularly good terms with Rome , and though it was only after great hesitation that Augustus recognized him as king, he nevertheless took part in the expedition of Varus against the Jews in the year 4 BC, and placed a considerable army at the disposal of the Roman general. Aretas had two wives. The first was Huldu to whom he

441-465: Was the King of the Nabataeans from roughly 9 BC to 40 AD. His daughter Phasaelis was married to, and divorced from, Herod Antipas . Herod then married his stepbrother's wife, Herodias . It was opposition to this marriage that led to the beheading of John the Baptist . After he received news of the divorce, Aretas invaded the territory of Herod Antipas and defeated his army. Aretas came to power after

SECTION 20

#1732772392639
#638361