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103-560: Al Nassr Football Club ( Arabic : نادي النصر لكرة القدم , romanized :  nādī al-naṣr li-kurat al-qadam , lit.   'Victory Football Club') is a Saudi-Arabian professional football club based in Riyadh . The club competes in the Saudi Pro League , the top tier of Saudi Football . Al Nassr are one of three teams to have participated in all seasons of the Saudi Pro League since its establishment, Al Nassr

206-466: A treble by winning both the Pro League and Crown Prince's cup against city rivals Al-Hilal. this secured their place in the 2015 AFC Champions League following the astonishing season. The 2010s marked the growth of football in most Asian countries, both in league quality and their national teams. The AFC Champions League also started to spark interest among football enthusiasts worldwide. In

309-402: A 1–1 draw against Al-Taawoun to win the 2019 Saudi Super Cup . On 30 January 2021, Hamdallah scored in a 3–0 victory against rivals Al-Hilal to win the 2020 Saudi Super Cup . Al Nassr was eligible to join the 2020 AFC Champions after winning one of the domestic cups and the league. As they entered the group stage, Al Nassr drew 2–2 with Al-Sadd from Qatar, with Hamdallah scoring one of

412-571: A Kuwaiti club who was also part of the Kuwaiti military . In the second match against Esteghlal , Al Nassr managed to secure their first 3 points by winning 2–1, with Hussein Abdulghani scoring. In the third match, Al Nassr was defeated by Al-Sadd with them scoring 1 goal by Lee Jung-Soo . Once again Al Nassr was pitted against Al-Sadd from Qatar with Abdulghani clutching 1 goal to force

515-575: A collection of related dialects that constitute the precursor of Arabic, first emerged during the Iron Age . Previously, the earliest attestation of Old Arabic was thought to be a single 1st century CE inscription in Sabaic script at Qaryat al-Faw , in southern present-day Saudi Arabia. However, this inscription does not participate in several of the key innovations of the Arabic language group, such as

618-526: A continental competition again since the time of Majed Abdullah perished when Zob Ahan defeated Al Nassr 4–1, with Bader once again listing his name in goal chart. Shortly after the continental campaign was over, Bader chose to depart to Kuwait to return to his club and resume military duties. In his short time with Al Nassr, he managed to make a good record by scoring 5 goals, one of the top ten highest scorers in AFC during 2011. In 2010–12, Al Nassr saw itself in

721-435: A corpus of poetic texts, in addition to Qur'an usage and Bedouin informants whom he considered to be reliable speakers of the ʿarabiyya . Arabic spread with the spread of Islam . Following the early Muslim conquests , Arabic gained vocabulary from Middle Persian and Turkish . In the early Abbasid period , many Classical Greek terms entered Arabic through translations carried out at Baghdad's House of Wisdom . By

824-1081: A dialect of Arabic and written in the Latin alphabet . The Balkan languages, including Albanian, Greek , Serbo-Croatian, and Bulgarian , have also acquired many words of Arabic origin, mainly through direct contact with Ottoman Turkish . Arabic has influenced languages across the globe throughout its history, especially languages where Islam is the predominant religion and in countries that were conquered by Muslims. The most markedly influenced languages are Persian , Turkish , Hindustani ( Hindi and Urdu ), Kashmiri , Kurdish , Bosnian , Kazakh , Bengali , Malay ( Indonesian and Malaysian ), Maldivian , Pashto , Punjabi , Albanian , Armenian , Azerbaijani , Sicilian, Spanish, Greek, Bulgarian, Tagalog , Sindhi , Odia , Hebrew and African languages such as Hausa , Amharic , Tigrinya , Somali , Tamazight , and Swahili . Conversely, Arabic has borrowed some words (mostly nouns) from other languages, including its sister-language Aramaic, Persian, Greek, and Latin and to

927-424: A draw result. In the fifth match however, Al Nassr secured a big victory against Pakhtakor with Saud Hamood and Sahlawi each scoring 1 goal, while Al-Mutawa scored 2 goals. In the final group stage game, Al Nassr were beaten by Esteghlal 2–1 with Al-Mutawa scoring for the club again. Al Nassr narrowly avoided elimination by getting 2nd position in their group. In the round of sixteen however, Al Nassr's dream to win

1030-551: A free transfer from Al-Faisaly . Ghannam quickly proved his talent by becoming a key player in both defense and offense. The club also signed two of the best Moroccan players at the time, Abderrazak Hamdallah and Nordin Amrabat . Both of them joined the Saudi Pro League on 16 July and 23 August 2018. Hamdallah, nicknamed "The Executioner," proved himself to be a menace when he made his debut against Al-Qadsiah , making two assists. In his second match, he scored his first goal for

1133-487: A lesser extent and more recently from Turkish, English, French, and Italian. Arabic is spoken by as many as 380 million speakers, both native and non-native, in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world, and the fourth most used language on the internet in terms of users. It also serves as the liturgical language of more than 2 billion Muslims . In 2011, Bloomberg Businessweek ranked Arabic

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1236-404: A lower cost. Prior to joining Al Nassr, Talisca had won the 2019 Chinese Super League title with Guangzhou Evergrande . Talisca officially joined Al Nassr on 17 May 2021 for a reported transfer fee of $ 9.5 million. On 8 June 2021, Vincent Aboubakar , a Cameroonian striker, also signed for Al Nassr, with a reported transfer fee of $ 6 million. Both players made their debut for the club during

1339-690: A millennium before the modern period . Early lexicographers ( لُغَوِيُّون lughawiyyūn ) sought to explain words in the Quran that were unfamiliar or had a particular contextual meaning, and to identify words of non-Arabic origin that appear in the Quran. They gathered shawāhid ( شَوَاهِد 'instances of attested usage') from poetry and the speech of the Arabs—particularly the Bedouin ʾaʿrāb  [ ar ] ( أَعْراب ) who were perceived to speak

1442-550: A move that has been credited with revolutionizing Saudi Arabian football. Ronaldo's presence in the country has been hailed as a cultural phenomenon, setting the stage for numerous top-level European league players to join the Saudi Pro League, while also generating significant exposure for Saudi Arabian football. Al Nassr has also played a key role in the success of the Saudi Arabia national football team at both

1545-717: A number of competitions, most notably the Arab Cup for national teams (which has been organised by FIFA since 2021 ) and the Arab Club Champions Cup for club teams. The Union of Arab Football Associations (UAFA) was established on 27 January 1974 in Tripoli , Libya . In 1976, a general assembly was held in Damascus , Syria , and the football association headquarters were transferred to their present seat in Riyadh , Saudi Arabia . All UAFA members from

1648-594: A result, many European languages have borrowed words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages (mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese , Catalan , and Sicilian ) owing to the proximity of Europe and the long-lasting Arabic cultural and linguistic presence, mainly in Southern Iberia, during the Al-Andalus era. Maltese is a Semitic language developed from

1751-462: A script derived from ASA attest to a language known as Hasaitic . On the northwestern frontier of Arabia, various languages known to scholars as Thamudic B , Thamudic D, Safaitic , and Hismaic are attested. The last two share important isoglosses with later forms of Arabic, leading scholars to theorize that Safaitic and Hismaic are early forms of Arabic and that they should be considered Old Arabic . Linguists generally believe that "Old Arabic",

1854-449: A significant squad overhaul, bringing in new players, including Villarreal full-back Álvaro González Soberon , who was a free agent at the time. With a strengthened squad, Garcia aimed for a domestic treble , Talisca scored his first hat-trick for Al Nassr in a 4–1 away win against Al-Raed , which helped him become the league's top scorer before Cristiano Ronaldo 's arrival. On 30 December 2022, Al Nassr signed Cristiano Ronaldo after

1957-470: A single language, despite mutual incomprehensibility among differing spoken versions. From a linguistic standpoint, it is often said that the various spoken varieties of Arabic differ among each other collectively about as much as the Romance languages . This is an apt comparison in a number of ways. The period of divergence from a single spoken form is similar—perhaps 1500 years for Arabic, 2000 years for

2060-507: A type of Arabic. Cypriot Arabic is recognized as a minority language in Cyprus. The sociolinguistic situation of Arabic in modern times provides a prime example of the linguistic phenomenon of diglossia , which is the normal use of two separate varieties of the same language, usually in different social situations. Tawleed is the process of giving a new shade of meaning to an old classical word. For example, al-hatif lexicographically means

2163-507: A variety of regional vernacular Arabic dialects , which are not necessarily mutually intelligible. Classical Arabic is the language found in the Quran , used from the period of Pre-Islamic Arabia to that of the Abbasid Caliphate . Classical Arabic is prescriptive, according to the syntactic and grammatical norms laid down by classical grammarians (such as Sibawayh ) and the vocabulary defined in classical dictionaries (such as

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2266-476: A wider audience." In the wake of the industrial revolution and European hegemony and colonialism , pioneering Arabic presses, such as the Amiri Press established by Muhammad Ali (1819), dramatically changed the diffusion and consumption of Arabic literature and publications. Rifa'a al-Tahtawi proposed the establishment of Madrasat al-Alsun in 1836 and led a translation campaign that highlighted

2369-737: Is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world . The ISO assigns language codes to 32 varieties of Arabic , including its standard form of Literary Arabic, known as Modern Standard Arabic , which is derived from Classical Arabic . This distinction exists primarily among Western linguists; Arabic speakers themselves generally do not distinguish between Modern Standard Arabic and Classical Arabic, but rather refer to both as al-ʿarabiyyatu l-fuṣḥā ( اَلعَرَبِيَّةُ ٱلْفُصْحَىٰ "the eloquent Arabic") or simply al-fuṣḥā ( اَلْفُصْحَىٰ ). Arabic

2472-590: Is a minimum level of comprehension between all Arabic dialects, this level can increase or decrease based on geographic proximity: for example, Levantine and Gulf speakers understand each other much better than they do speakers from the Maghreb. The issue of diglossia between spoken and written language is a complicating factor: A single written form, differing sharply from any of the spoken varieties learned natively, unites several sometimes divergent spoken forms. For political reasons, Arabs mostly assert that they all speak

2575-559: Is a sister language rather than their direct ancestor. Arabia had a wide variety of Semitic languages in antiquity. The term "Arab" was initially used to describe those living in the Arabian Peninsula , as perceived by geographers from ancient Greece . In the southwest, various Central Semitic languages both belonging to and outside the Ancient South Arabian family (e.g. Southern Thamudic) were spoken. It

2678-439: Is also a multi-sports club which includes handball , basketball , Esports , volleyball and more, for both men and women of all ages. Al Nassr has won 28 official titles across multiple competitions. In domestic competitions, they have claimed the Saudi Pro League nine times, three Crown Prince's Cup titles, and three Saudi Federation Cup titles. They have also won six King's Cup titles and two Super Cup titles. At

2781-478: Is believed that the ancestors of the Modern South Arabian languages (non-Central Semitic languages) were spoken in southern Arabia at this time. To the north, in the oases of northern Hejaz , Dadanitic and Taymanitic held some prestige as inscriptional languages. In Najd and parts of western Arabia, a language known to scholars as Thamudic C is attested. In eastern Arabia, inscriptions in

2884-408: Is credited with establishing the rules of Arabic prosody . Al-Jahiz (776–868) proposed to Al-Akhfash al-Akbar an overhaul of the grammar of Arabic, but it would not come to pass for two centuries. The standardization of Arabic reached completion around the end of the 8th century. The first comprehensive description of the ʿarabiyya "Arabic", Sībawayhi's al - Kitāb , is based first of all upon

2987-472: Is credited with standardizing Arabic grammar , or an-naḥw ( النَّحو "the way" ), and pioneering a system of diacritics to differentiate consonants ( نقط الإعجام nuqaṭu‿l-i'jām "pointing for non-Arabs") and indicate vocalization ( التشكيل at-tashkīl ). Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi (718–786) compiled the first Arabic dictionary, Kitāb al-'Ayn ( كتاب العين "The Book of the Letter ع "), and

3090-574: Is not present in the spoken varieties, but deletes Classical words that sound obsolete in MSA. In addition, MSA has borrowed or coined many terms for concepts that did not exist in Quranic times, and MSA continues to evolve. Some words have been borrowed from other languages—notice that transliteration mainly indicates spelling and not real pronunciation (e.g., فِلْم film 'film' or ديمقراطية dīmuqrāṭiyyah 'democracy'). The current preference

3193-855: Is official in Mali and recognized as a minority language in Morocco, while the Senegalese government adopted the Latin script to write it. Maltese is official in (predominantly Catholic ) Malta and written with the Latin script . Linguists agree that it is a variety of spoken Arabic, descended from Siculo-Arabic , though it has experienced extensive changes as a result of sustained and intensive contact with Italo-Romance varieties, and more recently also with English. Due to "a mix of social, cultural, historical, political, and indeed linguistic factors", many Maltese people today consider their language Semitic but not

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3296-572: Is the third most widespread official language after English and French, one of six official languages of the United Nations , and the liturgical language of Islam . Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities around the world and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, governments and the media. During the Middle Ages , Arabic was a major vehicle of culture and learning, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As

3399-590: Is the variety used in most current, printed Arabic publications, spoken by some of the Arabic media across North Africa and the Middle East, and understood by most educated Arabic speakers. "Literary Arabic" and "Standard Arabic" ( فُصْحَى fuṣḥá ) are less strictly defined terms that may refer to Modern Standard Arabic or Classical Arabic. Some of the differences between Classical Arabic (CA) and Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) are as follows: MSA uses much Classical vocabulary (e.g., dhahaba 'to go') that

3502-413: Is to avoid direct borrowings, preferring to either use loan translations (e.g., فرع farʻ 'branch', also used for the branch of a company or organization; جناح janāḥ 'wing', is also used for the wing of an airplane, building, air force, etc.), or to coin new words using forms within existing roots ( استماتة istimātah ' apoptosis ', using the root موت m/w/t 'death' put into

3605-524: Is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the industrial and post-industrial era , especially in modern times. Due to its grounding in Classical Arabic, Modern Standard Arabic is removed over a millennium from everyday speech, which is construed as a multitude of dialects of this language. These dialects and Modern Standard Arabic are described by some scholars as not mutually comprehensible. The former are usually acquired in families, while

3708-445: The Lisān al-ʻArab ). Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary

3811-464: The 2022–23 season . The Arab Club Champions Cup is a seasonal club football competition organised by the Union of Arab Football Associations (UAFA) and contested by top clubs from the Arab world . On 28 July 2023, just one day after Al Nassr finished their Japan World Tour in friendly matches against Inter Milan and Paris Saint-Germain the Al Nassr main squad faced their opponent, Al-Shabab in

3914-568: The Xth form , or جامعة jāmiʻah 'university', based on جمع jamaʻa 'to gather, unite'; جمهورية jumhūriyyah 'republic', based on جمهور jumhūr 'multitude'). An earlier tendency was to redefine an older word although this has fallen into disuse (e.g., هاتف hātif 'telephone' < 'invisible caller (in Sufism)'; جريدة jarīdah 'newspaper' < 'palm-leaf stalk'). Colloquial or dialectal Arabic refers to

4017-494: The northern Hejaz . These features are evidence of common descent from a hypothetical ancestor , Proto-Arabic . The following features of Proto-Arabic can be reconstructed with confidence: On the other hand, several Arabic varieties are closer to other Semitic languages and maintain features not found in Classical Arabic, indicating that these varieties cannot have developed from Classical Arabic. Thus, Arabic vernaculars do not descend from Classical Arabic: Classical Arabic

4120-419: The "learned" tradition (Classical Arabic). This variety and both its classicizing and "lay" iterations have been termed Middle Arabic in the past, but they are thought to continue an Old Higazi register. It is clear that the orthography of the Quran was not developed for the standardized form of Classical Arabic; rather, it shows the attempt on the part of writers to record an archaic form of Old Higazi. In

4223-742: The "purest," most eloquent form of Arabic—initiating a process of jamʿu‿l-luɣah ( جمع اللغة 'compiling the language') which took place over the 8th and early 9th centuries. Kitāb al-'Ayn ( c.  8th century ), attributed to Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi , is considered the first lexicon to include all Arabic roots ; it sought to exhaust all possible root permutations —later called taqālīb ( تقاليب ) — calling those that are actually used mustaʿmal ( مستعمَل ) and those that are not used muhmal ( مُهمَل ). Lisān al-ʿArab (1290) by Ibn Manzur gives 9,273 roots, while Tāj al-ʿArūs (1774) by Murtada az-Zabidi gives 11,978 roots. Union of Arab Football Associations UAFA organises

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4326-454: The 11th and 12th centuries in al-Andalus , the zajal and muwashah poetry forms developed in the dialectical Arabic of Cordoba and the Maghreb. The Nahda was a cultural and especially literary renaissance of the 19th century in which writers sought "to fuse Arabic and European forms of expression." According to James L. Gelvin , " Nahda writers attempted to simplify the Arabic language and script so that it might be accessible to

4429-416: The 1970s and 1980s, the club won four Saudi Premier League titles, Five King's Cups , two Crown Prince Cups , and one Federation Cup . The team's success was built around the "Saudi Golden Trio" of Majed Abdullah , Fahd Al-Bishi and Mohaisen Al-Jam'an . In the 1990s (year), Al Nassr managed to win two further Saudi Premier League titles in the 1993-1994 and 1994–1995 seasons, the 1990 King's Cup and

4532-647: The 1997-1998 Federation Cup. Towards the end of Majed Abdullah 's career, he still wasn't able to lift the ultimate prize in UAFA region; the Arab Club Champions Cup while the other top clubs in Saudi already succeeded in doing this. Despite that, Al Nassr managed to triumph in the continental tournaments. The 37-year-old striker, Majed Abdullah at the time, managed to win two GCC Club Cups , one Asian Cup Winners' Cup and one Asian Super Cup . Majed Abdullah announced his retirement on 12 April 1998 following Al-Nassr's win in

4635-596: The 1998 Asian Cup Winner's Cup against Suwon Samsung Bluewings from South Korea in front of 70,000 fans in Riyadh. Majed retired at 39 years old as the all-time top scorer of the Saudi League with 189 goals and is also Al-Nassr's all-time top scorer with 260 goals, a record that was considered untouchable until the coming of Abderrazak Hamdallah . After becoming champion of the Asian Super Cup , Al-Nassr

4738-598: The 2014–15 season, Al Nassr continued to defend their title as champions, winning the league. However, the team failed to achieve their treble after losing in the King's Cup final and only reaching the semi-final of the Crown Prince Cup. Many fans felt let down by the club after losing in the group stage of the AFC Champions League against Bunyodkor , Al-Duhail , and Persepolis . Al-Sahlawi , who

4841-613: The 2016–17 season marked the transfer of two Croatian players to the club: Ivan Tomecak and Marin Tomasov , who were loaned to Al Nassr. Abdullah Madu , a new center-back at the time, also began playing with the club. However, that season, the club only finished in 3rd position in the Pro League, behind their rival Al-Ahli and city rival Al-Hilal . Al Nassr only finished second in the Crown Prince Cup that season, losing to Al Hilal once again. They were also runners-up to Al Ahli in

4944-571: The 4th to the 6th centuries, the Nabataean script evolved into the Arabic script recognizable from the early Islamic era. There are inscriptions in an undotted, 17-letter Arabic script dating to the 6th century CE, found at four locations in Syria ( Zabad , Jebel Usays , Harran , Umm el-Jimal ). The oldest surviving papyrus in Arabic dates to 643 CE, and it uses dots to produce the modern 28-letter Arabic alphabet. The language of that papyrus and of

5047-530: The 71st min. Just 3 mins after, Cristiano Ronaldo scored, making it 1-1, sending the final to extra time. With just 10 men, Cristiano Ronaldo scored in the 98th minute to secure a 2–1 comeback against Al-Hilal in the final . Ronaldo finished the top scorer of the tournament with 6 goals and won the Golden Boot, while Nawaf Al-Aqidi won the Golden Glove. Following the move of Cristiano Ronaldo in

5150-834: The 8th century, knowledge of Classical Arabic had become an essential prerequisite for rising into the higher classes throughout the Islamic world, both for Muslims and non-Muslims. For example, Maimonides , the Andalusi Jewish philosopher, authored works in Judeo-Arabic —Arabic written in Hebrew script . Ibn Jinni of Mosul , a pioneer in phonology , wrote prolifically in the 10th century on Arabic morphology and phonology in works such as Kitāb Al-Munṣif , Kitāb Al-Muḥtasab , and Kitāb Al-Khaṣāʾiṣ    [ ar ] . Ibn Mada' of Cordoba (1116–1196) realized

5253-537: The Al-Ja'ba brothers, Ali and Al-Owais, Prince Abdul Rahman bin Saud Al Saud became the head of Al Nassr, he spent more than 39 years as the president for 3 stints until his death. His love of the team made him accept the challenge of being the president of a second-division club and turning it into a champion, and therefore, he is known as Al-Nassr's Godfather. They were promoted to the first division in 1963. During

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5356-440: The King's Cup. In the 2010–12 season, the Al Nassr coach, Francisco Maturana , aimed for the club to become the Saudi giant it once was. Once again Al Nassr were denied to become champions in the final of the Crown Prince Cup match, where Al-Hilal defeated them in a penalty shootout. In the 2013–14 season, the club coach was replaced with Jose Daniel Carreno . Al Nassr then went on a 22-game win streak without defeat and almost won

5459-412: The Middle East and North Africa have become a badge of sophistication and modernity and ... feigning, or asserting, weakness or lack of facility in Arabic is sometimes paraded as a sign of status, class, and perversely, even education through a mélange of code-switching practises." Arabic has been taught worldwide in many elementary and secondary schools, especially Muslim schools. Universities around

5562-477: The Portuguese player left Manchester United by mutual agreement. Ronaldo's contract runs for two-and-a-half years until summer 2025, with a total salary of €200 million per year, thought to be the highest ever paid to a professional footballer. He made an immediate impact on the global following of the club, with their Social media accounts growing to unbelievable numbers. Al Nassr finished in second place in

5665-690: The Qur'an is referred to by linguists as "Quranic Arabic", as distinct from its codification soon thereafter into " Classical Arabic ". In late pre-Islamic times, a transdialectal and transcommunal variety of Arabic emerged in the Hejaz , which continued living its parallel life after literary Arabic had been institutionally standardized in the 2nd and 3rd century of the Hijra , most strongly in Judeo-Christian texts, keeping alive ancient features eliminated from

5768-576: The Romance languages. Also, while it is comprehensible to people from the Maghreb , a linguistically innovative variety such as Moroccan Arabic is essentially incomprehensible to Arabs from the Mashriq , much as French is incomprehensible to Spanish or Italian speakers but relatively easily learned by them. This suggests that the spoken varieties may linguistically be considered separate languages. With

5871-541: The Round of 16. On 27 April 2019, Hamdallah scored a double in a 4–2 loss in the semi-final against Al-Ittihad in the 2019 King Cup . By the end of 2019, Hamdallah managed to surpass several stars such as Robert Lewandowski and Lionel Messi to become the world's top scorer, as noted by IFFHS , after reaching 57 goals in the year. Al Sahlawi also left the club to join Al-Shabab . On 4 January 2020, Hamdallah scored in

5974-517: The Young Player of the Year award from STC. However, the club only finished third in 2009–10. Despite that, Al Nassr were eligible to secure a place in the AFC Champions League for the following season. Their second match in the 2011 AFC Champions League were against Uzbekistan club Pakhtakor , which resulted in a 2–2 draw with the decisive goal coming from Bader Al-Mutawa , a loaned player from

6077-446: The club against Al-Taawoun . After this, Al-Sahlawi's position as the club's favorite striker began to shift toward Hamdallah as the former Chinese Super League star adapted to his teammates. The Moroccan forward broke records in the league since it became professional in 2007 and carried his team to qualify for the 2019 AFC Champions League by defeating FK AGMK . In the 2019 AFC Champions League, Al Nassr secured second position in

6180-615: The club, and manager Luis Castro was replaced in September 2024 by Stefano Pioli . On 20 September, Al-Nassr announced the launching of a TV channel for the club under the name of " NASSR TV ", in partnership with DAZN . The channel is first of its kind in the country and the region. Arabic language Arabic (endonym: اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ , romanized :  al-ʿarabiyyah , pronounced [al ʕaraˈbijːa] , or عَرَبِيّ , ʿarabīy , pronounced [ˈʕarabiː] or [ʕaraˈbij] )

6283-538: The continental and regional levels. The all-time leading goal scorer for the national team is Majed Abdullah , an Al Nassr player and legend who was developed in the club's youth sector, along with many other prominent names in Saudi football. The club's mascot is "Knight," which represents the historic Knights of Najd . Al Nassr was established in 1955 by the Al-Ja'ba brothers. Training took place in an old playground at Gashlat Al-Shortah, west shirts. In addition to

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6386-594: The continental level, the club earned an Asian double in 1998 by winning both the Asian Cup Winners' Cup and the Asian Super Cup . At the regional level, Al Nassr won two GCC Club Championship titles and one Arab Club Champions Cup title. The club has a long-standing rivalry with city rivals Al-Hilal, whom they contest the Riyadh derby with, the most followed derby in the country. Al Nassr signed global superstar Cristiano Ronaldo in January 2023,

6489-512: The contract of striker Abderrazak Hamdallah . Although his contract was terminated, Hamdallah was allowed to continue playing for the remainder of his contract. Meanwhile, Al Nassr began searching for a replacement for Hamdallah, with many European players who had previously joined the Chinese Super League leaving due to stricter foreign player policies. This created an opportunity for other Asian clubs to acquire talented players at

6592-574: The conversion of Semitic mimation to nunation in the singular. It is best reassessed as a separate language on the Central Semitic dialect continuum. It was also thought that Old Arabic coexisted alongside—and then gradually displaced— epigraphic Ancient North Arabian (ANA), which was theorized to have been the regional tongue for many centuries. ANA, despite its name, was considered a very distinct language, and mutually unintelligible, from "Arabic". Scholars named its variant dialects after

6695-587: The emergence of Central Semitic languages, particularly in grammar. Innovations of the Central Semitic languages—all maintained in Arabic—include: There are several features which Classical Arabic, the modern Arabic varieties, as well as the Safaitic and Hismaic inscriptions share which are unattested in any other Central Semitic language variety, including the Dadanitic and Taymanitic languages of

6798-728: The eve of the conquests: Northern and Central (Al-Jallad 2009). The modern dialects emerged from a new contact situation produced following the conquests. Instead of the emergence of a single or multiple koines, the dialects contain several sedimentary layers of borrowed and areal features, which they absorbed at different points in their linguistic histories. According to Veersteegh and Bickerton, colloquial Arabic dialects arose from pidginized Arabic formed from contact between Arabs and conquered peoples. Pidginization and subsequent creolization among Arabs and arabized peoples could explain relative morphological and phonological simplicity of vernacular Arabic compared to Classical and MSA. In around

6901-401: The expensive signings at the time, Al-Nassr failed to keep their position in the league and soon received some major setbacks. Things got worse as the next season went by. In 2006–07, the club only managed to avoid relegation on their last day of the season, which prompted honorary members, including Majed Abdullah , to intervene. Their plan was to begin an effective long-term plan to restructure

7004-607: The fact that they participate in the innovations common to all forms of Arabic. The earliest attestation of continuous Arabic text in an ancestor of the modern Arabic script are three lines of poetry by a man named Garm(')allāhe found in En Avdat, Israel , and dated to around 125 CE. This is followed by the Namara inscription , an epitaph of the Lakhmid king Imru' al-Qays bar 'Amro, dating to 328 CE, found at Namaraa, Syria. From

7107-458: The final of the King's Cup. Al Nassr failed to qualify for the AFC Champions League 2017 and the AFC Champions League 2018 . In the 2015–16 season, Al-Sahlawi scored 10 goals in his 29 appearances. In the 2016–17 season, Al-Sahlawi scored 11 goals in 27 appearances, and in the next season, he scored 12 goals from 24 appearances. Al Nassr's coach Gustavo Quinteros from Bolivia decided to sign wingback , Sultan Al-Ghannam on 12 March 2018 for

7210-412: The first one-legged knockout game, in which they won 3–1 to reach the next round. In the semifinal on 9 August 2023, Ronaldo secured their position in the final for the first time in the championship history after scoring a penalty against Al-Shorta from Iraq winning 1–0. On 12 August 2023, the Arab Club Champions Cup final was played. Al Nassr who were 1–0 down to Al-Hilal picked up a red card in

7313-510: The fourth most useful language for business, after English, Mandarin Chinese , and French. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet , an abjad script that is written from right to left . Arabic is usually classified as a Central Semitic language . Linguists still differ as to the best classification of Semitic language sub-groups. The Semitic languages changed between Proto-Semitic and

7416-432: The golden boot standings of the AFC Champions League with 8 goals in just the group stage. Al Nassr has qualified for the semi-finals of the King's Cup after beating Saudi heavyweights Al-Shabab 5–1. The IFFHS recognized Cristiano Ronaldo as the global top scorer, finishing the 2023 calendar year with 54 goals. As of February 2024, he has 30 goals in the first half of the season, scoring in every competition. Before

7519-416: The group stage of Arab Club Champions Cup which resulted in a 0–0 draw. Al Nassr's success came later when facing US Monastir , in which Ronaldo scored a goal in a 4–1 victory. In the final match in the group stage against Zamalek from Egypt, Ronaldo managed to equalize in the 87th minute securing the club their place in the next stage with a 1–1 draw. On 6 August 2023, Al Nassr faced Raja Casablanca in

7622-449: The group stage, just below Zob Ahan, and advanced past the round of sixteen with Hamdallah scoring. In the quarter-finals, Al Nassr was defeated by Al-Sadd 4–3. Hamdallah scored 4 goals in the 2019 AFC Champions League. Despite a poor start due to a previous ankle injury, Hamdallah ended his first season in the Saudi Pro League as the top scorer, impressively scoring 34 goals. By this time, Hamdallah had completely replaced Al Sahlawi as

7725-597: The inclusion of new words into their published standard dictionaries. They also publish old and historical Arabic manuscripts. In 1997, a bureau of Arabization standardization was added to the Educational, Cultural, and Scientific Organization of the Arab League . These academies and organizations have worked toward the Arabization of the sciences, creating terms in Arabic to describe new concepts, toward

7828-552: The knockout stage in the round of sixteen, Hamdallah scored the only goal in a 1–0 victory against Al-Taawoun . The club advanced to the next stage. Al Nassr met their old rival, Al-Ahli, in the quarter-finals of the AFC Champions League. The Riyadh and Jeddah clubs have a long history of rivalry. Al Nassr won the "Classico" after Gonzalo Nicolas Martínez and Abdulfattah Asiri each scored a goal, with Hamdallah creating key moments for both. However, Al Nassr lost in

7931-613: The language. Software and books with tapes are an important part of Arabic learning, as many of Arabic learners may live in places where there are no academic or Arabic language school classes available. Radio series of Arabic language classes are also provided from some radio stations. A number of websites on the Internet provide online classes for all levels as a means of distance education; most teach Modern Standard Arabic, but some teach regional varieties from numerous countries. The tradition of Arabic lexicography extended for about

8034-604: The late 6th century AD, a relatively uniform intertribal "poetic koine" distinct from the spoken vernaculars developed based on the Bedouin dialects of Najd , probably in connection with the court of al-Ḥīra . During the first Islamic century, the majority of Arabic poets and Arabic-writing persons spoke Arabic as their mother tongue. Their texts, although mainly preserved in far later manuscripts, contain traces of non-standardized Classical Arabic elements in morphology and syntax. Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali ( c.  603 –689)

8137-420: The latter is taught in formal education settings. However, there have been studies reporting some degree of comprehension of stories told in the standard variety among preschool-aged children. The relation between Modern Standard Arabic and these dialects is sometimes compared to that of Classical Latin and Vulgar Latin vernaculars (which became Romance languages ) in medieval and early modern Europe. MSA

8240-457: The league with 82 points the highest points in the club history. Cristiano Ronaldo won the golden boot and broke the record for most goals scored in a single SPL season. However, fans were angry after losing every domestic title and getting knocked out of the Champions league at the start of 2024–25 season. The president Ibrahim al-Muhaidib resigned for not being given enough control over

8343-463: The main striker. In the 2018–19 season, he won the league title with his team and scored a record 34 goals, alongside his teammate Nordin Amrabat . He scored in the final match against Al-Batin . On 3 January 2019, Hamdallah scored his first hat-trick for the club against Al-Jandal in the Round of 64 of the 2019 King's Cup . Ten days later, he scored a super hat-trick against Al-Ansar . He scored consecutive super hat-tricks against Al-Fayha in

8446-535: The management this period was called the Great Setback as the club at the time lost its place in the top during this period rivals Al-Hilal got more wins against Al-Nassr then ever before and broke the record for most wins in the derby which was held by Al-Nassr for many years. After a major overhaul of playing staff, Al Nassr went on to win the Federation Cup 2008 against city rivals , Al-Hilal . In

8549-883: The many national or regional varieties which constitute the everyday spoken language. Colloquial Arabic has many regional variants; geographically distant varieties usually differ enough to be mutually unintelligible , and some linguists consider them distinct languages. However, research indicates a high degree of mutual intelligibility between closely related Arabic variants for native speakers listening to words, sentences, and texts; and between more distantly related dialects in interactional situations. The varieties are typically unwritten. They are often used in informal spoken media, such as soap operas and talk shows , as well as occasionally in certain forms of written media such as poetry and printed advertising. Hassaniya Arabic , Maltese , and Cypriot Arabic are only varieties of modern Arabic to have acquired official recognition. Hassaniya

8652-550: The match-winning goal. Jalolidin Masharipov, who had been on loan at Shabab Al-Ahli in the UAE , returned to Al Nassr and made his first appearance in a 1–0 victory against Al-Fateh on 1 January 2022. Despite the team's efforts under the leadership of manager Miguel Ángel Russo , Al Nassr was unable to secure any trophies that season, leading to Russo's departure and the appointment of Rudi Garcia as head coach. Garcia oversaw

8755-727: The need for a lexical injection in Arabic, to suit concepts of the industrial and post-industrial age (such as sayyārah سَيَّارَة 'automobile' or bākhirah باخِرة 'steamship'). In response, a number of Arabic academies modeled after the Académie française were established with the aim of developing standardized additions to the Arabic lexicon to suit these transformations, first in Damascus (1919), then in Cairo (1932), Baghdad (1948), Rabat (1960), Amman (1977), Khartum  [ ar ] (1993), and Tunis (1993). They review language development, monitor new words and approve

8858-415: The next season, Al Nassr made a record-breaking transfer by signing young Mohammad Al-Sahlawi from Al-Qadsiah in 2009 for SR32 million ($ 8 million) fee, breaking Yasser Al-Qahtani 's record transfer to Al-Hilal from the same team as Sahlawi. Newly reformed Al Nassr put lots of hope on their young striker's shoulders. In his first season with Al-Nassr, Al-Sahlawi scored 21 goals in 36 matches and received

8961-424: The one whose sound is heard but whose person remains unseen. Now the term al-hatif is used for a telephone. Therefore, the process of tawleed can express the needs of modern civilization in a manner that would appear to be originally Arabic. In the case of Arabic, educated Arabs of any nationality can be assumed to speak both their school-taught Standard Arabic as well as their native dialects, which depending on

9064-549: The overhaul of Arabic grammar first proposed by Al-Jahiz 200 years prior. The Maghrebi lexicographer Ibn Manzur compiled Lisān al-ʿArab ( لسان العرب , "Tongue of Arabs"), a major reference dictionary of Arabic, in 1290. Charles Ferguson 's koine theory claims that the modern Arabic dialects collectively descend from a single military koine that sprang up during the Islamic conquests; this view has been challenged in recent times. Ahmad al-Jallad proposes that there were at least two considerably distinct types of Arabic on

9167-410: The region may be mutually unintelligible. Some of these dialects can be considered to constitute separate languages which may have "sub-dialects" of their own. When educated Arabs of different dialects engage in conversation (for example, a Moroccan speaking with a Lebanese), many speakers code-switch back and forth between the dialectal and standard varieties of the language, sometimes even within

9270-458: The same sentence. The issue of whether Arabic is one language or many languages is politically charged, in the same way it is for the varieties of Chinese , Hindi and Urdu , Serbian and Croatian , Scots and English, etc. In contrast to speakers of Hindi and Urdu who claim they cannot understand each other even when they can, speakers of the varieties of Arabic will claim they can all understand each other even when they cannot. While there

9373-478: The season with an AFC Champions League match against Saudi team Al-Fayha on 12 January. Al Nassr were knocked out of the 2023-24 AFC Champions League by Al-Ain in the quarter finals, losing 1–0 in the first leg and winning 4–3 in the second leg, which led a 4-4 aggregate to penalties, which they lost 1–3. They also lost the King's Cup on Penalties, and were Saudi Super Cup Semi finalists, and finished 2nd in

9476-440: The second half of the 2020–21 Saudi Pro League season. Talisca and Aboubakar made their debuts in a 4–1 victory over Damac on 13 August 2021, with each of them, along with Hamdallah, scoring once. In the following match, Talisca scored the only goal in a 1–0 win against Al-Faisaly , further solidifying his place in the team. Hamdallah played his final match for the club in a 1–0 loss to Al-Ettifaq , in which Filip Kiss scored

9579-477: The second half of the season, Al Nassr were supposed to go on a China Tour facing Shanghai Shenhua on 24 January and Zhejiang Professional on 28 January but the tour was deleyed and to be held in a future date. Al Nassr faced Saudi rivals, Al-Hilal and MLS side Inter Miami in the Riyadh Season Cup. The Cup ended with Al Nassr facing Al-Hilal on 8 February 2024. Al Nassr started the second half of

9682-434: The semi-finals after a dramatic penalty shootout against Iranian club Persepolis , ending their dream of lifting the AFC Champions League trophy. Despite this, Hamdallah managed to win the AFC Champions League golden boot, tying with Júnior Negrão with 7 goals, but winning due to having more assists. Despite this, the manager was dissatisfied with Hamdallah's performance. On 23 November 2020, Al Nassr officially terminated

9785-458: The sole example of Medieval linguist Abu Hayyan al-Gharnati – who, while a scholar of the Arabic language, was not ethnically Arab – Medieval scholars of the Arabic language made no efforts at studying comparative linguistics, considering all other languages inferior. In modern times, the educated upper classes in the Arab world have taken a nearly opposite view. Yasir Suleiman wrote in 2011 that "studying and knowing English or French in most of

9888-563: The standardization of these new terms throughout the Arabic-speaking world, and toward the development of Arabic as a world language . This gave rise to what Western scholars call Modern Standard Arabic. From the 1950s, Arabization became a postcolonial nationalist policy in countries such as Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, and Sudan. Arabic usually refers to Standard Arabic, which Western linguists divide into Classical Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic. It could also refer to any of

9991-412: The summer of 2023, ex-European team players Otávio , Sadio Mané , Aymeric Laporte , Seko Fofana , Marcelo Brozovic , Aziz Behich and Alex Telles joined the club. At the end of the 2023 year, Al Nassr were 2nd in the league, trailing only Al-Hilal . They finished 1st and unbeaten in their AFC Champions League group drawing Saudi Club Al-Fayha in the Round of 16. Talisca currently sits 1st in

10094-501: The towns where the inscriptions were discovered (Dadanitic, Taymanitic, Hismaic, Safaitic). However, most arguments for a single ANA language or language family were based on the shape of the definite article, a prefixed h-. It has been argued that the h- is an archaism and not a shared innovation, and thus unsuitable for language classification, rendering the hypothesis of an ANA language family untenable. Safaitic and Hismaic, previously considered ANA, should be considered Old Arabic due to

10197-456: The two goals. In the next match against Al-Ain from the UAE , Hamdallah scored again. In the third match, Hamdallah scored twice in a 2–0 win against Iranian club Sepahan , and in the next consecutive match against the same team, Hamdallah scored again and assisted his fullback teammate Abdullah Madu . In the later match against Al-Sadd , the team drew 1–1 before a loss due to a single goal from Kodjo Fo-Doh Laba of Al-Ain . After reaching

10300-451: The world have classes that teach Arabic as part of their foreign languages , Middle Eastern studies , and religious studies courses. Arabic language schools exist to assist students to learn Arabic outside the academic world. There are many Arabic language schools in the Arab world and other Muslim countries. Because the Quran is written in Arabic and all Islamic terms are in Arabic, millions of Muslims (both Arab and non-Arab) study

10403-413: Was 27 years old at the time, managed to score 25 goals from his 37 appearances that season. For these reasons, the coach was replaced by former Colombian goalkeeper Rene Higuita . Even with him training the team, Al Nassr still failed to make an impact in the AFC Champions League . After being defeated by Al-Duhail and Zob Ahan , Al Nassr finally defeated Bunyodkor in consecutive matches. The start of

10506-514: Was eligible to represent the AFC region in the first FIFA Club World Cup . In that championship Al-Nassr played against Corinthians , Real Madrid and Raja Casablanca and finished 3rd in the group, the club became the first team to officially represent Asia in an international tournament, which was held in Brazil from 5 January to 14 January, in the year 2000. The nickname " The Global One (Al-Alami) "

10609-832: Was obtained following their respective participation in the Club World Cup. Al Nassr won the FIFA Fair Play Award and 6th place following the end of the Club World Cup and was the first team in the world to win the award. After the Golden Trio's retirement, Al Nassr's fresh squad at the time made an impressive performance during their first run in the FIFA Club World Cup . The Club then went on to sign some internationally recognized players, such as Ivory Coast's Fadel Keïta and former Barcelona Attacking Midfielder Julio César Baldivieso . Despite

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