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40-519: Albert Viljam Hagelin (24 April 1881 – 25 May 1946) was a Norwegian businessman and opera singer who became the Minister of Domestic Affairs in the Quisling regime , the puppet government headed by Vidkun Quisling during Germany 's World War II occupation of Norway . Albert Viljam Hagelin's father, Harald Joachim Hagelin (1852–1889), was a goldsmith who died when his son was nine years old. He

80-556: A collaborationist government, which was officially proclaimed on 1 February 1942. The official name of the government was "Den nasjonale regjering" (English: the National Government ). The original intention of the Germans had been to hand over the sovereignty of Norway to the new government, but by mid-January 1942 Hitler decided to retain the civilian Reichskommissariat Norwegen under Terboven. The Quisling government

120-677: A coup against the Norwegian government on 9 April 1940, the day of the German invasion of Norway . At 7:32 p.m., Quisling visited the studios of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation and made a radio broadcast proclaiming himself Prime Minister and ordering all resistance to halt immediately. He announced that he and Nasjonal Samling were taking power due to Nygaardsvold's Cabinet having "raised armed resistance and promptly fled". He further declared that in

160-613: A region of Antarctica under the name Queen Maud Land ( Norwegian : Dronning Maud Land ). After Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union preparations were made for establishing Norwegian colonies in Northern Russia. Quisling designated the area reserved for Norwegian colonization as Bjarmeland , a reference to the name featured in the Norse sagas for Northern Russia. Quisling's regime ceased to exist in 1945, with

200-869: The Axis in the Second World War. Quisling also fronted the idea of a pan-European union led, but not dominated, by Germany, with a common currency and a common market . Quisling presented his plans to Hitler repeatedly in memos and talks with the German dictator, the first time on 13 February 1942 in the Reich Chancellery in Berlin and the last time on 28 January 1945, again in the Reich Chancellery. All of Quisling's ideas were rejected by Hitler, who did not want any permanent agreements before

240-676: The Faroes (Norwegian: Færøyene ), Iceland (Norwegian: Island ), Orkney (Norwegian: Orknøyene ), Shetland (Norwegian: Hjaltland ), the Outer Hebrides (historically a part of the Norse Kingdom of Mann and the Isles under the name Sørøyene , "South Islands") and Franz Josef Land (earlier claimed by Norway under the name Fridtjof Nansen Land ), most of which were former Norwegian territories passed on to Danish rule after

280-685: The Technische Hochschule in Dresden . Later, Nina Grieg encouraged him to study music. According to family tradition, he sang operatic roles in both Berlin and Dresden. In total, Hagelin lived abroad for over 40 years until the end of the 1930s, mostly in Dresden. Hagelin married the owner of an import company in Bremen and increased his fortune through successful stock market speculation, coffee business, art trade and hotel business. In

320-533: The 1930s, the couple lived in Loschwitz outside Dresden. After his wife's death in January 1935, Hagelin also became very ill, to the extent that he had to be hospitalized the day after his wife's funeral. Hagelin went on a longer tour of Norway. While visiting Oslo , he sought out Vidkun Quisling. Details from the two conversations are not known, but Hagelin shortly afterwards joined Nasjonal Samling (NS). In

360-494: The 37 individuals condemned for treason and war crimes were executed. This article about a Norwegian politician born in the 1880s is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a notable individual during World War II is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Quisling regime Vidkun Quisling, Fører of the Nasjonal Samling party, first tried to carry out

400-522: The Germans deemed this plan unfeasible. In the person of propaganda minister Gulbrand Lunde the Norwegian puppet government further lay claim to the North and South Poles . During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Norway had gained prestige as a nation active in polar expedition : the South Pole was first reached by the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen in 1911, and in 1939 Norway had claimed

440-714: The Germans to invade Sweden from Finnish Lapland (using the forces delegated to the German Lapland Army ) and through the Baltic as a preemptive strike against Sweden joining the war on the Allied side. Quisling's proposal was sent to both OKW chief Alfred Jodl and SS leader Heinrich Himmler . Quisling and Jonas Lie , leader of the Germanic SS in Norway, also furthered irredentist Norwegian claims to

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480-479: The Norwegian police and sent to German prisons and concentration camps, and about 500 of the teachers were forced to Kirkenes as construction workers for the German occupants. Even after the official creation of the Quisling government, Josef Terboven still ruled Norway as a dictator, taking orders from no-one but Hitler. Quisling's regime was a puppet government , although Quisling wanted independence and

520-625: The Norwegian wing of the SS from 1941) as Minister of the Police, Gulbrand Lunde as Minister of Culture and Enlightenment, as well as the opera singer Albert Viljam Hagelin , who was Minister of the Interior. One of Quisling's first actions was to reintroduce the prohibition of Jews entering Norway , which was formerly a part of the Constitution's §2 from 1814 to 1851. Two of the early laws of

560-485: The Quisling regime in 1942 were: The Quisling regime's leadership saw significant reshuffling and replacements during its existence. When Gulbrand Lunde died in 1942, Rolf Jørgen Fuglesang took over his ministry as well as retaining his own. Eivind Blehr's two ministries were merged in 1943 as the Ministry of Commerce. On 4 November 1943 Alf Whist joined the government as a minister without portfolio . Tormod Hustad

600-529: The Quisling regime, Lov om nasjonal ungdomstjeneste (English: 'Law on national youth service') and Lov om Norges Lærersamband (English: 'The Norwegian Teacher Liaison'), both signed 5 February 1942, led to massive protests from parents, serious clashes with the teachers, and an escalating conflict with the Church of Norway . Schools were closed for one month, and in March 1942 around 1,100 teachers were arrested by

640-555: The ambassador that Norwegian kings could not make political decisions on their own authority. At a Cabinet meeting later that night, Haakon said that he could not in good conscience appoint Quisling as prime minister because he knew neither the people nor the Storting had confidence in him. Haakon further stated that he would abdicate rather than appoint a government headed by Quisling. By this time, news of Quisling's attempted coup had reached Elverum. Negotiations promptly collapsed, and

680-438: The council period was the introduction of labour duty, reforms of the labour market, the penal code and the system of justice, a reorganization of the police and the introduction of national socialist ideals in the Norwegian culture scene. The provisional councillors of state were intended as a temporary system while Nasjonal Samling built up its organization in preparation for assuming full governmental powers. On 25 September 1941,

720-410: The dissolution of Denmark-Norway in 1814, while the rest were former Viking Age settlements. Norway had already claimed a part of Eastern Greenland in 1931 (under the name Eirik Raudes Land ), but the claim was extended during the occupation period to cover Greenland as a whole. During the spring of 1941, Quisling laid out plans to "reconquer" the island using a task force of a hundred men, but

760-639: The end of World War II in Europe. Norway was still under occupation in May 1945, but Vidkun Quisling and most of his ministers surrendered at Møllergata 19 police station on 9 May, one day after Germany's surrender . The new Norwegian unification government tried him on 20 August for numerous crimes; he was convicted on 10 September and was executed by firing squad on 24 October 1945. Other Nazi collaborators, as well as Germans accused of war crimes, were also arrested and tried during this legal purge . The ministers of

800-577: The enemy. The regime looked nostalgically to the High Middle Ages of the country's history, known in Norwegian historiography as Norgesveldet , during which Norwegian territory extended beyond its current borders. Quisling envisioned an extension of the Norwegian state by its annexation of the Kola peninsula with its small Norwegian minority , so a Greater Norway spanning the entire North European coastline could be created. Further expansion

840-626: The first three days, and Quisling had to step aside in the occupied parts of Norway in favour of the Administrative Council ( Administrasjonsrådet ). The Administrative Council was formed on 15 April by members of the Supreme Court and supported by Norwegian business leaders as well as Bräuer as an alternative to Quisling's Nasjonal Samling in the occupied areas. On 25 September 1940, German Reichskommissar Josef Terboven , who on 24 April 1940 had replaced Curt Bräuer as

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880-536: The government unanimously advised Haakon not to appoint Quisling as prime minister. Quisling tried to have the Nygaardsvold Cabinet arrested, but the officer he instructed to carry out the arrest ignored the warrant. Attempts at gaining control over the police force in Oslo by issuing orders to Kristian Welhaven , the chief of police, also failed. The coup failed after six days, despite German support for

920-403: The intention of the Germans was to use them to prepare the way for a Nasjonal Samling take-over of power in the future. Vidkun Quisling was made the political head of the councillors and all members of Nasjonal Samling had to swear a personal oath of allegiance to him. Most of the councillors worked diligently at introducing Nasjonal Samling ideals and politics. Amongst the schemes introduced during

960-420: The jurist Thorleif Dahl with him as a ministerial adviser. Among other things, they had to defend "Norwegian" interests vis-à-vis Terboven, and among other things were coached on a German initiative on a tax reform that would finance the occupation. Hagelin also pressured Quisling to reach a final peace agreement with Germany. His cooperation with the Germans worsened throughout the war. Among other things, he

1000-610: The official seal of Norway, changing the wording from "Haakon VII Norges konge" to "Norges rikes segl" (in English, from "Haakon VII King of Norway" to "The Seal of the Norwegian Realm" ). After establishing national government Quisling claimed to hold "the authority that according to the Constitution belonged to the King and Parliament". Other important ministers of the collaborationist government were Jonas Lie (also head of

1040-462: The one-year anniversary of the councillors, Terboven gave them the title of "ministers". With the establishment of Quisling's national government, Quisling, as minister-president, temporarily assumed the authority of both the King and the Parliament . In 1942, after two years of direct civilian administration by the Germans (which continued de facto until 1945), he was finally put in charge of

1080-533: The present situation it was "the duty and the right of the movement of Nasjonal Samling to take over governmental power". Quisling claimed that the Nygaardsvold Cabinet had given up power, even though that it had only moved to Elverum , some 140 kilometers (85 miles) from Oslo , and was carrying out negotiations with the Germans. The next day, German ambassador Curt Bräuer traveled to Elverum and demanded King Haakon VII return to Oslo and formally appoint Quisling as prime minister. Haakon stalled for time, telling

1120-518: The recall of Terboven, something he constantly lobbied Hitler for, without success. Quisling wanted to achieve independence for Norway under his rule, with an end to the German occupation of Norway through a peace treaty and the recognition of Norway's sovereignty by Germany. He further wanted to ally Norway to Germany and join the Anti-Comintern Pact . After a reintroduction of national service in Norway, Norwegian troops were to fight with

1160-640: The spring of 1939, Hagelin tried to obtain German money for the NS newspaper Fritt Folk . Through his tennis club in Dresden, he knew Hermann Göring 's nephew Herbert Göring and thus came into contact with the country's top management. The funding attempts failed. However, Hagelin managed to establish ties with other German leaders and came into contact with Grand Admiral Erich Raeder and the NSDAP's chief ideologist Alfred Rosenberg . Quisling visited Hagelin in Germany in

1200-449: The summer of 1939, and the two became well acquainted. When World War II broke out, Hagelin blamed the war on a " Judeo-Masonic Clique ". With Quisling's coup on 9 April 1940 , Hagelin was appointed Minister of Trade and Supply, and thus gained a place in the innermost NS circles. Later that year, he became county leader for Oslo and Akershus , and the party's deputy leader. He thus became Quisling's deputy and in practice party leader in

1240-496: The summer of 1940 when Quisling stayed in Germany for a longer period of time. In the autumn of 1940, Hagelin was appointed head of the newly established Ministry of the Interior, as part of Josef Terboven 's commissary cabinet. He was thus responsible for the nazification of the municipalities through the Municipal Ordinance and for the NS takeover of organizational life and public administration in general. He had

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1280-412: The top civilian commander in Norway, proclaimed the deposition of King Haakon VII and the Nygaardsvold Cabinet, banning all political parties other than Nasjonal Samling. Terboven then appointed a group of 11 kommissariske statsråder (English: provisional councillors of state ) from Nasjonal Samling to help him in governing Norway. Although the provisional councillors of state did not form a government,

1320-446: The war had been concluded, and also wanted Norway's outright annexation into Germany as the northernmost province of a Greater Germanic Reich . Hitler did, however, in an April 1943 meeting, promise Quisling that once the war was over Norway would regain its independence. This is the only known case of Hitler making such a promise to an occupied country. The word Quisling has become synonymous with treachery and collaboration with

1360-515: Was against the arrest and deportation of the Norwegian Jews and was in favor of the administration of Jewish affairs being placed under the Ministry of the Interior. Terboven eventually made it clear that Norway's position would be stronger if Hagelin disappeared. Rumors gradually circulated within NS that Hagelin was of Jewish blood, and that he was corrupt. The rumors became so strong that Quisling had to launch an investigation. While this

1400-816: Was expected in Northern Finland, to link the Kola peninsula with Finnmark : Nasjonal Samling leaders had mixed views on the post-war Finnish-Norwegian border, but the potential Norwegian annexation of at least the Finnish municipalities of Petsamo (Norwegian: Petsjenga ) and Inari (Norwegian: Enare ) was under consideration. Nasjonal Samling publications called for the annexation of the historically Norwegian Swedish provinces of Jämtland ( Norwegian : Jemtland ), Härjedalen (Norwegian: Herjedalen ) and Bohuslän (Norwegian: Båhuslen ) In March 1944, Quisling met with Wehrmacht general Rudolf Bamler , and urged

1440-490: Was fired on 21 April 1945, to be replaced by Trygve Dehli Laurantzon . Greater Oslo Region Greater Oslo Region ("Stor-Oslo-regionen" in Norwegian ) is a statistical metropolitan region surrounding the Norwegian capital of Oslo , with a total number of inhabitants of 1,546,706 as of 1 January 2023. The region includes the city proper of Oslo (population: 709,037), Akershus and Østfold county, parts of

1480-531: Was going on, Hagelin was stripped of his post as county manager in Greater Oslo . The investigation cleared Hagelin. Nevertheless, he was later forced to resign in the autumn of 1944, when he refused to go to Finnmark to lead the forced evacuation. For the rest of the occupation, he lived in seclusion on Bygdøy. Hagelin was sentenced to death during the Norwegian post-war trials . He was executed by firing squad at Oslo 's Akershus Fortress , where many of

1520-488: Was instead given the role of an occupying authority with wide-ranging authorisations. Quisling himself viewed the creation of his government as a "decisive step on the road towards the complete independence of Norway". Although having only temporarily assumed the King's authority, Quisling still made efforts to distance his regime from the exiled monarchy. After Quisling moved into the Royal Palace he took back into use

1560-633: Was part of a Swedish family that immigrated to Norway in the early 18th century. Hagelin's mother, Gerd Anna Hedvig Eleonore Meyer (1857–1926), was of Danish-Jewish descent, and her father was also a goldsmith; as a widow, she ran a private hotel in Bergen after the family's jewelry business was closed down. Albert Hagelin was the brother-in-law of Kjeld Stub Irgens and the brother of the Conservative politician and factory owner, Robert Hagelin . Hagelin left Norway around 1900 to study as an architect at

1600-589: Was replaced by Hans Skarphagen on 1 February 1944. Both Kjeld Stub Irgens and Eivind Blehr were fired in June 1944. Their former ministries were merged and placed under the control of Alf Whist as Minister of Commerce. On 8 November 1944, Albert Viljam Hagelin was fired from his position and replaced by Arnvid Vasbotten . When Frederik Prytz died in February 1945, he was replaced by Per von Hirsch . Thorstein Fretheim

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