14-804: The Aleutian Islands World War II National Monument is a U.S. national monument in the Aleutian Islands of Alaska . It is located on four islands in the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge . It was designated as part of World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument by an executive order of George W. Bush on December 5, 2008, with sites in Alaska, California, and Hawaii. The John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act , signed into law March 12, 2019, separated
28-1051: A billion acres of public land and water protected. National monuments are located in 32 states, Washington, D.C. , the Virgin Islands , American Samoa , the Minor Outlying Islands , and the Northern Mariana Islands . Arizona has the most national monuments, with 19, followed by California with 18 and New Mexico with 13. At least seventy-seven national monuments protect places of natural significance, including nineteen primarily for their geological features, eight marine sites, and eight volcanic sites (two of which are designated "National Volcanic Monuments"). At least sixty-four national monuments primarily protect historic sites, including twenty-seven associated with Native Americans , eleven relating to African American history , and eleven forts. Four have been designated World Heritage Sites . With
42-819: Is the bicameral legislature of the United States government, and is made up of two chambers: the United States Senate (the upper chamber) and the United States House of Representatives (the lower chamber). Together, the two chambers exercise authority over the following legislative agencies: The legislature also oversees the Library of Congress (LOC), a national library dedicated to national records, which administers various programs, agencies, and services including: The federal judiciary consists of courts established under Article Three of
56-780: The Government in the Sunshine Act . These further cloud attempts to enumerate a list of agencies. The executive branch of the federal government includes the Executive Office of the President and the United States federal executive departments (whose secretaries belong to the Cabinet ). Employees of the majority of these agencies are considered civil servants . The majority of the independent agencies of
70-594: The United States Congress can do so by legislation. The president's authority arises from the Antiquities Act of 1906, which allows the president to proclaim "historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, and other objects of historic or scientific interest" as national monuments. Concerns about protecting mostly prehistoric Native American ruins and artifacts, collectively known as antiquities , on western federal lands prompted
84-562: The federal government of the United States are varied, and even contradictory. The official United States Government Manual offers no definition. While the Administrative Procedure Act definition of "agency" applies to most executive branch agencies, Congress may define an agency however it chooses in enabling legislation, and through subsequent litigation often involving the Freedom of Information Act and
98-626: The 134 current U.S. national monuments. Of these, 118 monuments are managed by a single agency, while 16 are co-managed by two agencies. Two of the NPS's national monuments, Grand Canyon–Parashant and Avi Kwa Ame , are not official units because they overlap with Lake Mead National Recreation Area . Management practices vary across agencies and sites according to their missions, the size or type of protected place, and legal authorization. Generally, hunting, fishing, and extraction of resources are prohibited. Monuments and memorials that were not designated by
112-501: The Antiquities Act since the program began; only Richard Nixon , Ronald Reagan , and George H. W. Bush did not. Bill Clinton created 19 and expanded three others. Jimmy Carter protected vast parts of Alaska , proclaiming 15 national monuments, 7 of which were later promoted to national parks . President Barack Obama created or expanded 34 national monuments by proclamation, the most of any president, with over half
126-1054: The U.S. government, such as the USS Maine National Monument , are not listed here. [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] List of United States federal agencies [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Legislative definitions of an agency of
140-611: The United States Constitution . These are the The United States bankruptcy courts , while not established as Article III courts, are legally designated as "units of the district courts." The judicial branch includes the following agencies: The President of the United States is the chief executive of the federal government. He is in charge of executing federal laws and approving, or vetoing, new legislation passed by Congress. The President resides in
154-604: The United States government are also classified as executive agencies (they are independent in that they are not subordinated under a Cabinet position). There are a small number of independent agencies that are not considered part of the executive branch, such as the Congressional Research Service and the United States Sentencing Commission , which are legislative and judicial agencies, respectively. The U.S. Congress
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#1732773369868168-668: The legislation, which allowed the president to quickly preserve public land without waiting for legislation to pass through an unconcerned Congress. The ultimate goal was to protect all historic and prehistoric sites on U.S. federal lands, and it has resulted in designation of a wide variety of ecological, cultural and historical sites. President Theodore Roosevelt established the first national monument, Devils Tower in Wyoming , on September 24, 1906. He established 18 national monuments, although only nine still retain that designation. Eighteen presidents have created national monuments under
182-563: The national monument into separate units in each state. It is managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service . The national monument includes three sites: List of national monuments of the United States The United States has 134 protected areas known as national monuments . The president of the United States can establish a national monument by presidential proclamation , and
196-551: The variety of resource types there is significant variation in the size of national monuments; the median size is roughly 3,500 acres (14 km ). The five largest national monuments are all oceanic marine sites that protect waters and submerged lands where commercial fishing is prohibited. Many former national monuments have been redesignated as national parks or another status by Congress, while others have been transferred to state control or disbanded. Download coordinates as: Nine federal agencies in five departments manage
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