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24-1417: Alexander Forbes may refer to: Scottish noblemen [ edit ] Alexander Forbes, 1st Lord Forbes (died 1448), Scottish baron Alexander Forbes, 4th Lord Forbes (died 1491), Scottish baron Alexander Forbes, 10th Lord Forbes (died 1672), Scottish baron, the 10th Lord Forbes Alexander Forbes, 4th Lord Forbes of Pitsligo (1678–1762), Scottish philosopher and Jacobite Other people [ edit ] Alexander Forbes (bishop of Aberdeen) (1564–1617), bishop of Aberdeen Alexander Forbes (bishop of Brechin) (1817–1875), Scottish Episcopal Bishop of Brechin Alexander Kinloch Forbes (1821–1865), British administrator in India, writer Alexander Forbes (explorer) (1778–1862), Scottish explorer Alexander F. I. Forbes (1871–1959), South African astronomer Alexander Forbes (neurophysiologist) (1882–1965), American neurophysiologist and medical school professor Alex Forbes (1925–2014), Scottish football player (Arsenal, Scotland) Alex S. Forbes (fl. 1928–1935), Scottish football player Jim Forbes (Australian politician) (Alexander James Forbes, 1923–2019), Australian soldier and politician Businesses [ edit ] Alexander Forbes Group Holdings ,

48-584: A Highland Scot, Alexander Macausland of Lennox, was responsible for Clarence's demise, whereas the Burgundian chronicler Georges Chastellain has the Duke killed by a Frenchman. Later on in the day, probably in the evening, decisive action was taken by Salisbury, who, having succeeded in rounding up the English archers, used a contingent of them to rescue what was left of the English force and retrieve some of

72-497: A Scots man-at-arms who was able to provide the Duke of Clarence with intelligence on the 5000 strong Scottish army. Clarence was keen to engage the enemy; however, he had a problem: the following day was Easter Sunday , one of the most holy days in the Christian calendar, when a battle would be unthinkable. A two-day delay was also deemed as out of the question. According to the chronicles of Walter Bower both commanders agreed to

96-546: A bridge which Clarence attempted to cross. A hundred Scottish archers, under Sir Robert Stewart of Ralston , reinforced by the retinue of Hugh Kennedy, held the bridge and prevented passage long enough for the Earl of Buchan to rally the rest of his army. When Clarence finally forced his way across, he was confronted with the main body of the Franco-Scottish army; its men-at-arms were dismounted and were well defended by

120-575: A financial services group with its head office in South Africa [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Forbes&oldid=1107721272 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

144-452: A short truce for Easter. There are several accounts of the Battle of Baugé; they may vary in the detail; however, most agree that principal factor in the Franco-Scottish victory was the rashness of the Duke of Clarence. It seems that the Duke of Clarence did not realise how big the Franco-Scottish army was as he decided to rely on the element of surprise and attack immediately. He discounted

168-407: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Alexander Forbes, 1st Lord Forbes He was the eldest son of Sir John de Forbes (died 1405), Sheriff-depute of Aberdeen , and Coroner of that shire, by his wife, Margaret, a daughter of Sir John Kennedy of Dunure and Mary de Montgomery of Stair and Cassillis. Alexander de Forbes fought at

192-810: The Battle of Harlaw in 1411, and appears among the Scottish forces sent to the assistance of Charles, Dauphin of France , afterwards King Charles VII , and had a share in the victory obtained over the English at Beaugé , in Anjou , on 22 March 1421. But soon after, at the desire of King James I of Scotland , then a prisoner in England, Forbes quit the French service and subsequently obtained three Safe-conducts at different times to visit England, with one hundred persons in his retinue each time, to wait upon his sovereign. He

216-621: The Marshal of France . English strength was 4,000 men, although only 1,500 deployed, against 5,000 French and Scots. In 1415 Henry V , with the intention of resuming the war, sailed from England to France with a force of about 10,500. He then pursued a highly successful military campaign, including the decisive victory at the Battle of Agincourt , and regained from the French crown much of England's previously held lands in France. The Scots had been in an alliance with France since 1295. In 1419

240-629: The Dauphin created the "hundred men-at-arms of the King's bodyguard", known as the "Hundred Lances of France", to supplement the 24 archers of the Garde Ecossaise . The Hundred Lances eventually became the company known as the Gendarmerie of France, who distinguished themselves at Fontenoy in 1745. John Carmichael was elected bishop of Orléans in 1426, and was one of the 6 bishops to attend

264-666: The England-friendly Burgundian forces under Philip the Good ); he then visited Chartres and Gâtinais before returning to Paris. Several key southern towns were still loyal to the Dauphinist forces, leading Henry to decide to remove them as a factor for good. After taking the first town, he moved to lay siege to the strongly fortified Dauphin-held town of Meaux . It turned out to be more difficult to overcome than first thought. The siege began about 6 October, and

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288-590: The English army had made camp near the little town of Vieil-Baugé . The Franco-Scots army of about 5000 also arrived in the Vieil-Baugé area to block the English army's progress. It was commanded by the Earl of Buchan and the new Marshal of France, the Seigneur of La Fayette; however, the English forces were dispersed, and, significantly, many of the English archers had ridden off in search of plunder or forage. On Easter Saturday, one of these foraging groups captured

312-491: The Franco-Scots army without the support of his archers. At Verneuil the English archers, although initially routed by a Milanese cavalry charge, later rallied and fought to devastating effect. The result of the battle was to virtually destroy the Dauphin's field army. By that time James I , who had returned to Scotland, was reluctant to send more relief to the French, and Scottish expeditions in aid of France were no longer

336-572: The Scots are the antidote of the English." The Dauphin was able to exploit the victory at Baugé by announcing his intention to invade English-held Normandy. He made Archibald Douglas, Earl of Wigtown , the Count of Longueville and Lord of Dun-le-Roi . Sir John Stewart of Darnley received the lands of Aubigny-sur-Nere and Concressault , whilst the Earl of Buchan was made Constable of France . In 1422

360-462: The Scottish archers. In the ensuing melée, John Carmichael of Douglasdale broke his lance unhorsing the Duke of Clarence. There are several versions of how Clarence met his death, but, according to Bower , the Scottish knight Sir John Swinton wounded the prince in his face, but it was Alexander Buchanan who is credited with killing the Duke with his mace and holding the dead Duke's coronet aloft on his lance in triumph. Another version stated that

384-474: The Scottish army became the mainstay of the Dauphin’s defence of the lower Loire valley. When Henry returned to England in 1421, he left his heir presumptive, Thomas, Duke of Clarence, in charge of the remaining army. Following the King's instructions, the Duke of Clarence led 4000 men in raids through the provinces of Anjou and Maine . This chevauchée met with little resistance, and by Good Friday, 21 March,

408-402: The advice of his lieutenants, the Earl of Huntingdon and Gilbert Umfraville , to consolidate his own force and position; instead he ordered the Earl of Salisbury to round up all the archers and follow him as soon as possible. Clarence then with only about 1500 men-at-arms available, and virtually no archers, charged the Franco-Scottish lines. The Scots rallied hastily, and battle was joined at

432-413: The bodies of the fallen, including that of Clarence. However, the Scots allowed the remnant of the English army, led by Salisbury, to escape and so missed an opportunity to remove the English from France. Nevertheless, the battle did secure the reputation of the Scottish army in France. On hearing of the Scottish victory, Pope Martin V passed comment by reiterating a common medieval saying, that "Verily

456-404: The coronation of the Dauphin as Charles VII in 1429 at Rheims . Hugh Kennedy of Ardstinchar, Joan of Arc ’s Scottish Captain and known to the French as Canede, was granted the right to quarter his coat of arms with the fleur-de-lis of France. Meanwhile, Henry V had been busy in England with his wife Catherine of Valois . Catherine had been crowned at Westminster in late February. Soon after

480-458: The queen's coronation, Henry and Catherine had set out on separate tours of England. It was while Henry was in the north of England he was informed of the disaster at Baugé and the death of his brother. He is said, by contemporaries, to have borne the news manfully. Henry returned to France with an army of 4000–5000 men. He arrived in Calais on 10 June, before going on to Paris (which was occupied by

504-620: The situation in France was desperate. Normandy was lost to the English and Paris to the Burgundians . France was in a state of an ongoing civil war between the Royalist faction and the supporters of the dukes of Burgundy. In these deteriorating circumstances, the Dauphin appealed to the Scots for help. A Scottish army was assembled under the leadership of John, Earl of Buchan , and Archibald, Earl of Wigtown , and from late 1419 to 1421

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528-464: The town held for seven months before finally falling on 11 May 1422. Whilst on his campaign in France, Henry fell ill and soon died (probably of dysentery ) on 31 August 1422. England's war in France continued under the Duke of Bedford 's generalship, and the English won several battles including a decisive victory at the Battle of Verneuil (17 August 1424). At the battle of Baugé, Clarence had attacked

552-422: Was created a Lord of Parliament sometime after 1436. The precise date of the peerage creation is not known (although Brown gives 1440), but in a Precept, dated 12 July 1442, he is already styled Lord Forbes . The first Lord Forbes married Lady Elizabeth (or Mary), only daughter of George Douglas, 1st Earl of Angus , a granddaughter of King Robert III of Scotland , by whom he had two sons and three daughters. He

576-560: Was succeeded by his eldest son: Battle of Bauge The Battle of Baugé , fought between the English and a Franco - Scots army on 22 March 1421 at Baugé , France, east of Angers , was a major defeat for the English in the Hundred Years' War . The English army was led by the king's brother Thomas, Duke of Clarence , while the Franco-Scots were led by both John Stewart, Earl of Buchan , and Gilbert Motier de La Fayette ,

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