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57-527: National Arab American Heritage Month (NAAHM) takes place in April. It celebrates the Arab American heritage and culture and pays tribute to the contributions of Arab Americans and Arabic-speaking Americans. Beginning in the 1990s, Arab American heritage was celebrated sporadically in various states at different times of the year, primarily in school districts. It wasn't until 2017 when Arab America began

114-994: A Maronite Cathedral the center of one of two eparchies for Maronite Lebanese in the United States, the other being in Los Angeles. Lebanese Americans are categorized as White for census purposes. Easton, Pennsylvania ; Utica, New York ; South Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; San Diego, California ; Jacksonville, Florida ; Sterling Heights , Michigan ; Los Angeles County ; San Francisco, California ; Peoria, Illinois ; Grosse Pointe, Michigan ; Miami, Florida ; Wichita, Kansas ; Bloomfield, Michigan ; Fall River, Massachusetts ; Worcester, Massachusetts ; Boston, Massachusetts ; Springfield, Massachusetts ; Methuen, Massachusetts ; Lawrence, Massachusetts ; Salem, New Hampshire ; Cleveland, Ohio ; Lansing, Michigan ; East Grand Rapids, Michigan ; Albuquerque, New Mexico ; Tulsa, Oklahoma ; St. Clair Shores, Michigan ; Toledo, Ohio ;

171-521: A city of 73,000, reported an Arab American population of 17.0% in the 2020 US census. The US Census Bureau calculates the number of Arab Americans based on the number of people who claimed at least one Arab ancestry as one of their two ancestries. The Arab American Institute surveys the number of people of Arab descent in the US, regardless of the number of people who claimed Arab descent in the census. The religious affiliations of Arab Americans According to

228-656: A further 224,241 as Other Arab . Other groups on the 2010 census are listed by nation of origin, and some may or may not be Arabs, or regard themselves as Arabs. The largest subgroup is by far the Lebanese Americans , with 501,907, followed by; Egyptian Americans with 190,078, Syrian Americans with 187,331, Iraqi Americans with 105,981, Moroccan Americans with 101,211, Palestinian Americans with 85,186, and Jordanian Americans with 61,664. Approximately 1/4 of all Arab Americans claimed two ancestries. A number of these ancestries are considered undercounted, given

285-522: A national initiative to coordinate all states under National Arab American Heritage Month. On April 30, 2019, Arab American organizations asked Congresswoman Debbie Dingell to issue a congressional resolution proclaiming National Arab American Heritage Month. It was then introduced to the house on April 30, 2019, and then referred to the House Committee on Oversight and Reform. The largest and most promising achievement towards federal recognition of

342-478: A neighborhood with the same name, with an Arab American population estimated as high as 20,000 in 2015. Neighboring Clifton, New Jersey , is following in Paterson's footsteps, with rapidly growing Arab, Muslim, and Palestinian American populations. In a 2007 Zogby poll, 62% of Arab Americans voted Democratic , while only 25% voted Republican . The percentage of Arabs voting Democratic increased sharply during

399-653: A reference to the first and third letters of the English word "Jew". In the 1990 US census, there were 11,610 Arab Jews in New York City, comprising 23 percent of the total Arab population of the city. Arab Jews in the city sometimes face anti-Arab racism . After the September 11 attacks , some Arab Jews in New York City were subjected to arrest and detention because they were suspected to be Islamist terrorists. In 2012, prompted in part by post-9/11 discrimination,

456-431: A specific racial/ethnic group or sexual minority , (week) = week-long holidays, (month) = month-long holidays, (36) = Title 36 Observances and Ceremonies Arab American Arab Americans ( Arabic : عَرَبٌ أَمْرِيكِا , romanized :  ʻArab Amrīkā or Arabic: العرب الأمريكيون , romanized:  al-ʻArab al-Amrīkīyūn ) are Americans of Arab ancestry. Arab Americans trace ancestry to any of

513-562: Is ArabFest in Seattle , begun in 1999. The festival includes all 22 of the Arab countries, with a souk marketplace, traditional and modern music, an authentic Arab coffeehouse, an Arabic spelling bee, and a fashion show. Lectures and workshops explore the rich culture and history of the Arab peoples, one of the world's oldest civilizations. Also of new interest is the Arabic rap concert, including

570-402: Is held on the second weekend of August. This three-day event hosts music, culture, and food celebrating the 22 Arab countries. The festival features live entertainment, belly dancing, hookah rental, camel rides, cooking demonstrations, a children's area, and Arab cuisine . It is a family-friendly festival on Milwaukee's lakefront. Lebanese Americans Lebanese Americans comprise 0.79% of

627-577: Is in the Bay Ridge section. Once predominantly Christian, the Lebanese in Bay Ridge are today equally split between Muslims and Christians. South Paterson , New Jersey historically had a large Lebanese Christian population dating back to the 1890s, but only a few remain, and the neighborhood has largely been replaced by Palestinian immigrants. Brooklyn holds a significant Lebanese community, with

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684-400: Is of Syrian descent, is known for her dedication to progressive values. Arab Americans gave George W. Bush a majority of their votes in 2000 . However, they backed John Kerry in 2004 and Barack Obama in both 2008 and 2012 . They also backed Hillary Clinton in 2016 and Joe Biden in 2020. According to a 2000 Zogby poll, 52% of Arab Americans were anti-abortion , 74% support

741-744: The American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee petitioned the Department of Commerce's Minority Business Development Agency to designate the MENA populations as a minority/disadvantaged community. Following consultations with MENA organizations, the Census Bureau announced in 2014 that it would establish a new MENA ethnic category for populations from West Asia, Noqrth Africa or the Arab world , separate from

798-522: The Arab world who are not always classified as Arabs because through much of the Arabized world, Arabs were considered a colonizing force and many ethnic groups maintained their ethnic cultural and religious heritage, oftentimes through syncretism . Among these are Armenian Americans , Assyrian Americans , Kurdish Americans , Jewish Americans of Mizrahi origin. Some of these groups, such as Assyrian or Syriac ones, are Semitic language speakers, while

855-566: The Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex ; El Paso, Texas ; Austin, Texas ; San Antonio, Texas and Houston, Texas also have sizeable Lebanese communities. The Arab American Institute reports the top five states where Lebanese Americans reside are: Michigan (11%), California (9%), Ohio (6%), Florida (6%), and Massachusetts (5%). for a more thorough list, click here Lebanese diaspora : Europe Overseas Middle East [REDACTED] Media related to Lebanese diaspora in

912-551: The Eastern Mediterranean (European and American Protestant missionaries were fairly commonplace in the Levant in the late 19th and early 20th centuries). Arab Christians, especially from Lebanon , Iraq , Palestine , Jordan , Syria , and Egypt , continued to immigrate to the US in the 2000s and form new enclaves and communities across the country. The US is the second largest home of Druze communities outside

969-550: The Iraq War . However, a number of prominent Arab American politicians are Republicans, including former Oregon Governor Victor Atiyeh , former New Hampshire Senator John E. Sununu , and California Congressman Darrell Issa , who was the driving force behind the state's 2003 recall election that removed Democratic Governor Gray Davis from office. The first woman Supreme Court Chief Justice in Florida, Rosemary Barkett , who

1026-462: The death penalty , 76% were in favor of stricter gun control , and 86% wanted to see an independent Palestinian state . In a study, first-generation Arab Americans living in Detroit were found to have values more similar to that of the Arab world than those of the general population living in Detroit, on average, being more closely aligned to the strong traditional values and survival values. This

1083-546: The various waves of immigrants from the Arab world . In the United States census , Arabs are a part of the "White" race group because the definition of "White" as "A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa". According to the 2010 US census , there are 1,698,570 Arab Americans in the United States. 290,893 persons defined themselves as simply Arab , and

1140-475: The 1920s. Many immigrants settled in northern New Jersey , in towns such as Bloomfield , Paterson , Newark , and Orange . Some immigrants set out west, with places such as Detroit , Cleveland , Toledo , and Peoria gaining a large number of all Lebanese immigrants. Others bought farms in states like Texas , South Dakota , and Iowa . Many came via the United Kingdom , including a large number on

1197-521: The 2000 US census, 48% of the Arab American population, 576,000, reside in California , Michigan , New York , Florida , and New Jersey , respectively; these 5 states collectively have 31% of the net US population. Five other states - Illinois , Texas , Ohio , Massachusetts , and Pennsylvania - report Arab American populations of more than 40,000 each. Also, the counties which contained

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1254-554: The 2020 Census, the sampling strata for the new MENA category includes the Census Bureau's working classification of 19 MENA groups, as well as Sudanese , Djiboutian , Somali , Mauritanian , Armenian , Cypriot , Afghan , Iranian , Azerbaijani , and Georgian groups. On March 28, 2024, the Office of Management and Budget published revisions to Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity that included

1311-509: The 23 UN member countries of the Arab World (these are not necessarily therefore Arabs). Poll finds that, overall, a majority of those identifying as Arab Americans are Lebanese Americans (largely as a result of being the most numerous group). The Paterson, New Jersey -based Arab American Civic Association runs an Arabic language program in the Paterson school district. Paterson, New Jersey has been nicknamed Little Ramallah and contains

1368-662: The American population, as of the American Community Survey estimations for year 2007, and 32.4% of all Americans who originate from the Middle East. Lebanese Americans have had significant participation in American politics and involvement in both social and political activism. The diversity within the region sprouted from the diaspora of the surrounding countries. There are more Lebanese outside Lebanon today than within. The first known Lebanese immigrant to

1425-542: The Arab America Foundation activates a grass-roots network of over 250 Arab American volunteers in 26 states. It gathers hundreds of proclamations from state governments, counties, municipalities, and local school districts. The first documentary on Arab Americans premiered on PBS in August 2017, "The Arab Americans" features the Arab American immigrant story as told through the lens of American History and

1482-559: The Arab American Heritage Month. While the spectrum of Arab heritage includes 22 countries, their combined heritage is often celebrated in cultural festivals around the United States. The Annual Arab-American & North African Street Festival was founded in 2002 by the Network of Arab-American Professionals of NY (NAAP-NY). Located in downtown Manhattan, on Great Jones Street between Lafayette & Broadway,

1539-613: The Arab American Institute based on the Zogby International Survey in 2002, the breakdown of religious affiliation among persons originating from Arab countries is as follows: The percentage of Arab Americans who are Muslim has increased in recent years because most new Arab immigrants tend to be Muslim. In the past 10 years, most Arab immigrants were Muslim as compared to 15 to 30 years ago when they were mostly Christian. This stands in contrast to

1596-514: The Arabic dialect from the Arab country they originate from. In 2014, Montgomery County, Maryland , designated April as Arab American Heritage Month in recognition of the contributions that Arab Americans have made to the nation. Arab America and the Arab America Foundation launched the National Arab American Heritage Month initiative in 2017, with just a handful of states recognizing the initiative. Each year,

1653-520: The Commonwealth of Virginia) and 26 others observed April as Arab American Heritage Month early on before any federal recognition was proclaimed. It wasn't until April 19, 2021, that the first recognition on a federal level was issued, which was published as a White House letter from president Joe Biden recognizing April as the National Arab American Heritage Month, otherwise called NAAHM. The United States Department of State has recognized April as

1710-695: The Festival attracts an estimated 15,000 people, in addition to over 30 Arab and North African vendors along with an all-day live cultural performance program representing performers from across the Arab world. The New York Arab American Comedy Festival was founded in 2003 by comedian Dean Obeidallah and comedian Maysoon Zayid . Held annually each fall, the festival showcases the talents of Arab American actors, comics, playwrights, and filmmakers, and challenges as well as inspires fellow Arab Americans to create outstanding works of comedy. Participants include actors, directors, writers and comedians. Of particular note

1767-704: The Middle East after Venezuela (60,000). According to some estimates there are about 30,000 to 50,000 Druzes in the US, with the largest concentration in Southern California . Most Druze immigrated to the US from Lebanon and Syria. The New York City metropolitan area has a large population of Arab Jews and Mizrahi Jews . New York City and its suburbs in New Jersey have sizable Syrian Sephardi populations. Syrian Jews and other Jews from Arab countries may or may not identify as Arab Americans. When Syrian Jews first began to arrive in New York City during

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1824-683: The NW group Sons of Hagar, showcasing the political and creative struggle of Arabic youth. In 2008, the first annual Arab American Festival in Arizona was held on November 1 and 2 in Glendale, Arizona. There were more than 40,000 attendees over the two-day event; more than 35 international singers, dancers, and musicians from all over the Arab World performed 20 hours of live entertainment on stage. Activities included folklore shows, an international food court, hookah lounge, kids rides and booth vendors, open to

1881-529: The National Arab American Heritage Month , making it the highest level of federal recognition, yet. Stating in a public announcement on April 1, 2021, through their official social media channels: "Americans of Arab heritage are very much a part of the fabric of this nation, and Arab Americans have contributed in every field and profession." The recognition of the month of April as the National Arab American Heritage Month by

1938-459: The National Arab American Heritage Month. Stating in a public announcement on April 1, 2021, through their official social media channels: "Americans of Arab heritage are very much a part of the fabric of this nation, and Arab Americans have contributed in every field and profession." The recognition of the month of April as the National Arab American Heritage Month by the Department of State was mainly influenced by independent advocate efforts across

1995-543: The US Department of State was mainly influenced by independent advocate efforts across the United States calling for inclusivity. Most notably the petition and social change campaign by Pierre Subeh, who is a Middle-Eastern American business expert, executive producer, and author. He orchestrated a self-funded social awareness campaign with over 250 billboards across the country asking the Federal government to recognize

2052-509: The United States calling for inclusivity. Most notably the petition and social change campaign by Pierre Subeh who orchestrated a self-funded social awareness campaign with over 250 billboards across the country asking the Federal government to recognize the month of April as the National Arab American Heritage Month and issue an official proclamation. His social change campaign called the recognition as it celebrates Middle Eastern heritage in combatting post-9/11 anti-Arab sentiments and recognizing

2109-514: The United States due to fears of persecution, and populations of Druze and atheists also exist. This information has been distributed by all American organizations, including the Arab American Institute and the United States census team. The United States is the second largest home of Druze communities outside the Middle East after Venezuela (60,000). According to some estimates there are about 30,000 to 50,000 Druzes in

2166-631: The United States was Antonio Bishallany, a Maronite Christian, who arrived in Boston Harbor in 1854. He died in Brooklyn , New York in 1856 on his 29th birthday. Large scale-Lebanese immigration began in the late 19th century and settled mainly in Brooklyn and Boston , Massachusetts . They were marked as Syrians; almost all of the immigrants were Christians. Upon entering America, many of them worked as peddlers. The first wave continued until

2223-494: The United States, with the largest concentration in Southern California . Most Druze immigrated to the U.S. from Lebanon and Syria. Dearborn, Michigan has the highest concentration of Arab Americans in the United States, at over 40%. The rest of Metro Detroit has an even larger population of Lebanese residents. Brooklyn, New York has one of the oldest Lebanese populations in America, dating over 125 years; one large center

2280-586: The Washington, D.C., area (168,208). This information is reportedly based upon survey findings but is contradicted by information posted on the Arab American Institute website itself, which states that California as a whole only has 272,485, and Michigan as a whole only 191,607. The 2010 American Community Survey information, from the American Factfinder website, gives a figure of about 168,000 for Michigan. Sorting by American states, according to

2337-614: The addition of "Middle Eastern or North African" to the race and/or ethnicity categories. The Arab American Institute and other groups have noted that there was a rise in hate crimes targeting the Arab American community as well as people perceived as Arab/Muslim after the September 11 attacks and the US-led 2003 invasion of Iraq . A new Zogby Poll International found that there are 3.5 million Americans who were identified as "Arab-Americans", or Americans of ancestry belonging to one of

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2394-415: The first wave of Arab immigration to the US between the late 19th and early 20th centuries when almost all immigrants were Christians. Those Palestinians often Eastern Orthodox, otherwise Catholic and a few Episcopalians. A small number are Protestant adherents, either having joined a Protestant denomination after immigrating to the US or being from a family that converted to Protestantism while still living in

2451-640: The greatest proportions of Arab Americans were in California, Michigan, New York, Florida, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia . The cities with 100,000 or more in population with the highest percentages of Arabs are Sterling Heights, Michigan 3.69%; Jersey City, New Jersey 2.81%; Warren, Michigan 2.51%; Allentown, Pennsylvania 2.45%; Burbank, California 2.39% and nearby Glendale, California 2.07%; Livonia, Michigan 1.94%; Arlington County, Virginia 1.77%; Paterson, New Jersey 1.77%; and Daly City, California 1.69%. Bayonne, New Jersey ,

2508-491: The ill-fated liner RMS Titanic . The second wave of Lebanese immigration began in the late 1940s and continued through the early 1990s, when Lebanese immigrants had been fleeing the Lebanese Civil War . Between 1948 and 1990, over 60,000 Lebanese entered the United States. Since then, immigration has increased to an estimated 5,000 immigrants a year. Those who now settle are predominantly Muslim , in contrast to

2565-492: The late 1800s and early 1900s, Eastern European Ashkenazi Jews on the Lower East Side sometimes disdained their Syrian co-coreligionists as Arabische Yidden , Yiddish for "Arab Jews". Some Ashkenazim doubted whether Sephardi or Mizrahi Jews from the Middle East were Jewish at all. In response, some Syrian Jews who were deeply proud of their ancient Jewish heritage, derogatorily dubbed Ashkenazi Jews as "J-Dubs",

2622-546: The metropolitan areas of major cities. According to the 2010 US census, the city with the largest percentage of Arab Americans is Dearborn, Michigan , a southwestern suburb of Detroit , at nearly 40%. The Detroit metropolitan area is home to the largest concentration of Arab Americans (403,445), followed by the New York City Combined Statistical Area (371,233), Los Angeles (308,295), San Francisco Bay Area (250,000), Chicago (176,208), and

2679-415: The month of April as the National Arab American Heritage Month and issue an official proclamation. His social change campaign called the recognition to be critical as it celebrates Middle Eastern heritage in combating post-9/11 anti-Arab sentiments and recognizing the social difficulties that Arab Americans face every day in their communities. In 2023, President Joe Biden issued an official proclamation on

2736-501: The month of April as the National Arab American Heritage Month was the proclamation published by the U.S. Department of State , which was accomplished on April 1, 2021, by the efforts of independent Syrian-American advocate and author, Pierre Subeh. An identical bill was introduced in the House on May 1, 2020, to support the designation of an Arab American Heritage Month but it has not currently been passed. Some individual states (such as

2793-794: The nature of Ottoman immigration to the US during the 19th and early 20th centuries. A number of ethnic and ethnoreligious groups in Western Asia and North Africa that lived in majority Arab countries and are now resident in the United States are not always classified as Arabs but some may claim an Arab identity or a dual Arab/non- Arab identity ; they include Assyrians , Jews (in particular Mizrahi Jews , some Sephardi Jews ), Copts , Kurds , Iraqi Turkmens , Mandeans , Circassians , Shabaki , Armenians , Greeks , Italians , Yazidis , Persians , Kawliya / Romani , Syrian Turkmens , Berbers (especially Arab-Berbers ), and Nubians . The majority of Arab Americans, around 62%, originate from

2850-493: The predominantly- Christian population of immigrants of previous waves. Christians still comprise a majority of Lebanese in America and in the diaspora of around 14 million Lebanese people living outside Lebanon. Most of the Lebanese immigrants during the first and the early part of the second waves were Christians . Muslims followed in large numbers beginning in the late 1960s. Among the minority, there are Shia and Sunni Muslim communities. A number of Jews fled Lebanon for

2907-484: The public, and admission was free. The Annual Arab American Day Festival is a three-day cultural and entertainment event held in Orange County. Activities include book and folk art exhibitions, speeches from community leaders in the county, as well as music and poetry, dancing singing, traditional food, hookah and much more. Since 1996, Milwaukee's Arab World Fest has been part of the summer festival season. It

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2964-660: The region of the Levant , which includes Syria , Lebanon , Israel , Palestine , and Jordan , although overwhelmingly from Lebanon. The remainder are made up of those from Egypt , Morocco , Algeria , Iraq , Libya , the Gulf Cooperation Council , and other Arab nations. There are nearly 3.5 million Arab Americans in the United States according to The Arab American Institute . Arab Americans live in all 50 states and in Washington, D.C. , and 94% reside in

3021-578: The social difficulties that Arab Americans face every day in their communities. On April 19, 2021, Arab America and the Arab America Foundation received a letter acknowledging an invitation they sent president Joe Biden, in which he congratulated them on the celebration of National Arab American Heritage Month. In 2022, President Biden declared April as Arab American Heritage Month and issued an official proclamation in 2023. (federal) = federal holidays, (abbreviation) = state/territorial holidays, (religious) = religious holidays, (cultural) = holiday related to

3078-475: The stories of prominent Arab Americans such as actor Jamie Farr , Ralph Nader , Senator George Mitchell , White House Reporter Helen Thomas , Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Anthony Shadid , Danny Thomas actor and Founder of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital , pollster and author John Zogby , Congressman Nick Rahall , racing legend Bobby Rahal . The documentary is produced and directed by Abe Kasbo. The US Department of State has recognized April as

3135-631: The vast majority of the rest are not Semitic language speakers. It is very difficult to estimate the size of these communities. For example, some Armenians immigrated to the US from Lebanon, Syria, or Iraq. Estimates place these communities at least in the tens of thousands. Other smaller communities include Assyrians , Amazigh/Berber , Turks , Mandeans , Circassians , Shabaks , Georgians , Yazidis , Balochs , Iranians , Azerbaijanis , and Kawliya / Roma . Most of these ethnic groups speak their own native languages (usually another Semitic language related to Arabic) and have their own customs, along with

3192-425: The white classification that these populations had previously sought in 1909. The expert groups, including some Jewish organizations, felt that the earlier white designation no longer accurately represents MENA identity, so they lobbied for a distinct categorization. The 2020 census did not include a separate MENA race category and collected detailed ethnicity information. In the 2015 National Content Test (NCT) for

3249-406: Was less the case when participants were secular or belonged to second and subsequent generations. An October 30, 2023 poll by the Arab American Institute found that support for Biden among Arab Americans dropped from 59% in 2020 to 17%. The drop in support has been attributed to the administration's handling of the 2023 Israel-Hamas War and Gaza genocide . There are many US immigrants from

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