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48-809: The southern enclosure of this basin is formed by the Central Indian Ridge , the Carlsberg Ridge and the Chagos-Laccadive Ridge . Bottom water enters the basin through the Owen Fracture Zone to the west. The Carlsberg Ridge, at a depth of 3,800 m, separates this basin from the Somali Basin to the southwest. The Arabian Basin is separated from the shallow Oman Basin by the Murray Ridge. Most of

96-583: A cyclone had diverted their course forcing them to go around Madagascar, unlike the rest of the fleet. It has also been opined that this was due to a navigational error by Afonso de Albuquerque . The other two islands were subsequently rediscovered. The initial name was Diogo Fernandes ; Domingo Froiz was given as a name some years later, and by 1528 it had been again renamed after the Portuguese navigator Dom Diogo Rodrigues and has remained so since. The orthography has been less stable at first, with

144-758: A saddle-backed species ( C. vosmaeri ), and such birds as the Rodrigues solitaire ( Pezophaps solitaria ) and the Rodrigues night heron ( Nycticorax megacephalus ). An endemic species of bat, the Rodrigues flying fox , is currently listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List . There are two remaining endemic bird species: the Rodrigues fody and the Rodrigues warbler , both are listed as near threatened. To restore some forest areas, Grande Montagne , Anse Quitor (with neighbouring François Leguat Giant Tortoise Reserve ) and two islets, Île aux Sables and Île aux Cocos have been declared nature reserves (under

192-572: A decentralised government system. This new legislation has allowed the implementation of a regional assembly in Rodrigues constituting 18 members and an executive council headed by a Chief Commissioner. The council meets every week to make decisions, draw up laws and manage the budget. The Chief Commissioner has the main task of informing the Mauritian Prime Minister of the management of the island's concerns. The last election of

240-410: A mild tropical maritime climate with persistent trade winds blowing throughout the year. Mean summer temperature is 25.9 °C (78.6 °F) and mean winter temperature is around 22.3 °C (72.1 °F). The temperature difference between summer and winter is 3.6 °C. January to March are the hottest months and August is the coolest month. The wettest month is February; September and October are

288-519: A permanent French settlement was established, subordinated to Île Bourbon . In 1809, after a brief battle with the French, British troops took possession of Rodrigues. After British occupation, slavery was eventually abolished in 1834. By 1843, the population had declined to a low of 250. In 1883, the eruption of the Indonesian volcano Krakatoa was heard at Rodrigues Island and it remains

336-559: A pivotal role through the Tourism Livelihood Scheme, providing immediate positive impacts. Continuing its ecological journey, Rodrigues Island aims to launch the 'One Tree, One Tourist, and One Child' project in 2023. This visionary initiative entails planting a tree for every traveler, nurtured by local children. Serving as a model for active involvement in environmental protection, this project fosters an enduring ecological mindset among both tourists and locals, ensuring

384-588: A protected habitat for seabirds. Through guided tours, visitors gain insights into the destination's preservation efforts. Additionally, a sponsorship campaign for reptiles is available at the reserve. Even during the challenging times of the COVID-19 crisis, the island exhibited resilience. The local government, along with tourism sector workers, contributed to environmental protection. From cleaning hiking paths to restoring islets, these collective efforts upheld Rodrigues' commitment to conservation. Tourists played

432-458: A reservoir in the hills, above the village, and laid pipes to the jetty, where, at the time of my visit, there were five and a half feet at high tide. In former years well-water was used, and more or less sickness occurred from it. Beef may be had in any quantity on the island, and at a moderate price. Sweet potatoes were plentiful and cheap; the large sack of them that I bought there for about four shillings kept unusually well. I simply stored them in

480-466: A total of 182 localities. The zones have between a minimum of six localities (La Ferme) and maximum of 22 (the capital Port Mathurin ). [REDACTED] The population estimate (as of 18 November 2022) for the island of Rodrigues was 43,650. The main religion is Christianity, dominated by Roman Catholicism with small minorities of other Christian branches, as well as Jehovah's Witnesses , and there are also Hindus , Muslims and Buddhists . Most of

528-495: A unique landscape of limestone formations, including nine fascinating caves and dolines. One highlight is the remarkable Grande Caverne, outfitted with raised walkways, steps, and eco-friendly lighting. It stands out as the only electrified “Show Cave” in the Southwest Indian Ocean, designed to international standards with the expertise of an Australian cave consultant . 'Ile aux Cocos,' another reserve, serves as

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576-412: Is Pierre Louis Jean Claude. The island includes six electoral regions: La Ferme (Region 1), Marechal (Region 2), Saint Gabriel (Region 3), Baie aux Huitres (Region 4), Port Mathurin (Region 5) and Grande Montagne (Region 6). Rodrigues Regional Assembly election are held every five years. Rodrigues is divided into 14 municipalities or zones. For statistical purposes, the zones are further subdivided into

624-714: Is a 108 km (42 sq mi) autonomous outer island of the Republic of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean , about 560 km (350 mi) east of Mauritius. It is part of the Mascarene Islands , which include Mauritius and Réunion . Like Agaléga , Rodrigues is a constituent island of the Republic of Mauritius , under the Constitution of Mauritius and still remains, as explicitly defined by

672-518: Is based mainly on fishing, farming, handicraft and a developing tourism sector. Rodrigues was named after Portuguese explorer Diogo Rodrigues , who first came upon the uninhabited island in 1528, under direction of Portuguese Viceroy Pedro Mascarenhas (namesake of the Mascarene Islands ). Many maps also describe it as Diego Roiz. From the 10th century, Arabs are known to have visited the Mascarene Islands . The Cantino planisphere of c.  1500 and some other contemporary maps clearly show

720-489: Is governed by the Rodrigues Regional Assembly. The capital of the island is Port Mathurin . The islands of Rodrigues, Agaléga and Saint Brandon form part of the larger territory of the Republic of Mauritius. Its inhabitants are Mauritian citizens. As of 2014 , the island's population was about 41,669, according to Statistics Mauritius . Most of the inhabitants are of African descent. Its economy

768-433: Is of particular interest as it is self-seeding – it receives no coral zooplankton from elsewhere. This has led to an overall species-poor but highly adapted ecosystem. A species of coral, two species of Pomacentrus damselfish and many species of crustaceans are found only on Rodrigues' reefs. The isolation and location of the island give a microclimate specific to Rodrigues, with two seasons. Rodrigues enjoys

816-455: Is similar to polkas , quadrilles , waltzes and Scottish reels . Rodrigues cuisine consists of dishes from local products: fruit, vegetables, seafood (fish, octopus, crab, shrimp, lobster) and meat. National dishes include sausages with kreolinės, rougaille sauce, octopus with curry, kono-kono (a shellfish) salad and Rodrigues cake. The most common sport in Rodrigues is association football . There are local competitions almost throughout

864-765: Is similar to that throughout the rest of Mauritius . The government provides free education to students up to the tertiary level. Education is taught mainly in English . Rodrigues is served by Sir Gaëtan Duval Airport in Plane Corail, with regular flights to Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam International Airport in Plaisance. The economy of Rodrigues is mostly dependent on Mauritius. The main sources of income and economic activity are tourism, fishing, agriculture (especially of onions, garlic and chilli), and animal rearing. The handicraft industry has proven to be beneficial to

912-456: Is that of a whale back with a central ridge and deep cut valleys. The island is hilly with a central spine culminating in the highest peak, Mountain Limon at 398 m (1,306 ft). Rodrigues is the only Mascarene island with extensive limestone deposits and caves. A large fringing reef surrounds the island forming a lagoon within which lie eighteen small islets. The coral reef of Rodrigues

960-652: Is vital for monitoring endemic plants such as the 'café maron' and 'bois blan,' as well as unique bird species like the Rodriguan Warbler and Rodriguan Fody. On the western part of Rodrigues, the Francois Leguat Giant Tortoises Reserve and Cave contribute to the rehabilitation of tortoises, including the riadata and Aldabra species. Since 2006, the reserve has been a stalwart in tortoise conservation, now housing over 5,000 tortoises within its 20 hectares. The reserve features

1008-543: The Huguenot François Leguat and seven companions landed on the island, intending to set up a farming colony of Protestant refugees. Farming was not successful, but there was an abundance of tortoises, turtles, birds, fish and other seafood. During the 18th century, several attempts were made by the French to develop the island. African slaves (ancestors of the present population) were brought to Rodrigues to develop stock-breeding and farming. In 1735

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1056-880: The Australian plate by a diffuse boundary, the India– Capricorn boundary, which stretches east from the CIR near Chagos Bank to the Ninety East Ridge and north along the Ninety East Ridge to the northern end of the Sunda Trench . This diffuse boundary was probably initiated in the Late Miocene and is probably related to opening of Gulf of Aden and the uplift of the Himalayas . The CIR

1104-423: The CIR is characteristic of slow to intermediate ridges. The axial valley is 500–1000 m deep; 50–100 km-long ridge segments are separated by 30 km-long transform faults and 10 km-long non-transform discontinuities. Melt supply comes from axial volcanic ridges that are 15 km-long, 1–2 km wide, and reaches 100–200 m above the axial floor. With a spreading rate of 30 mm/yr near

1152-650: The Equator and 49 mm/yr near the Rodrigues triple junction (RTJ) at its southern end, the CIR is an intermediately fast spreading ridge characterised by moderate obliquity and few large offsets, the obvious exception being the almost 300 km-long Mary Celeste Fracture Zone at 18°S. Between 21°S and the Mary Celeste Fracture Zone (18°S) the CIR deviates westward. Along this section the larger offsets switch from right-lateral to left-lateral but return to right-lateral north of 18°S. Otherwise,

1200-554: The Forest and Reserves Act 1983). Endangered plants on the reserves include Zanthoxylum paniculatum , Polyscias rodriguesiana , Badula balfouriana , and Gouania leguatii . The island of Rodrigues is a constituency of the Republic of Mauritius and is dependent on the latter. However, on 20 November 2001, the Mauritius National Assembly unanimously adopted two laws giving Rodrigues its autonomy, creating

1248-664: The Indian plate which leads to the Indian west-coast where the newborn hotspot produced the Deccan Traps in north-west India at 66 Ma. The only above-water structure near the CIR is the Rodrigues Island , the top of the enigmatic Rodrigues triple junction between Mauritius and the CIR. The Rodrigues Ridge reaches the CIR at 19°S via a series of en echelon ridges known as the Three Magi. Volcanic rocks from

1296-773: The RTJ. The CIR is traditionally said to separate the African plate from the Indo-Australian plate . Likewise, the Owen Fracture Zone in the northern end of the CIR is traditionally said to separate the Indian-Australian plate from the Arabian plate . Movements in the Owen Fracture Zone are, however, negligible and Arabia and India are moving as a single plate. This plate, in turn, is separated from

1344-681: The Rodriguan Regional Assembly was held on 27 February 2022. The Alliance (UPR/MIR/PSMD/FPR ) party was the winner and obtained nine seats, while the Organisation du Peuple de Rodrigues (OPR) obtained eight. The President acts as head of state and the Chief Commissioner as head of government on Rodrigues. The current chief commissioner is Roussety Johnson and the Chief Executive of Rodrigues

1392-642: The Rodrigues Island are, however, similar to 1,58-1,30 Ma-old rocks from Réunion and Mauritius and the Rodrigues Ridge can't therefore have originated on the CIR leaving the Réunion hotspot the most likely candidate. 34°39′20″S 54°28′58″E  /  34.6555°S 54.4828°E  / -34.6555; 54.4828 Rodrigues Island Rodrigues ( French : Île Rodrigues [il ʁɔdʁiɡ] ; Creole : Rodrig )

1440-529: The community, the island extended its eco-friendly measures by prohibiting single-use polystyrene food containers four years later, garnering global acclaim. These efforts complement various initiatives dedicated to preserving the island's unique ecosystem. Crucial among these initiatives is the establishment of reserves, notably the Grande Montagne Nature Reserve at the island's center, harboring indigenous fauna and flora. The reserve

1488-492: The driest months. The climate is hotter and drier than in Mauritius. Cyclones may arise from November to April, and Rodrigues is more often hit than Mauritius. Rodrigues was characterised by endemic plant and animal species in abundance, but since the seventeenth century much of its biodiversity has been eradicated. The island was home to two now-extinct endemic giant tortoises, a domed species ( Cylindraspis peltastes ), and

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1536-482: The economy of the island. However, the income derived from the export of sea products, cattle, and food crops is smaller than the costs of imported products, creating a deficit. It has a special relationship with English-speaking countries, such as England in the United Kingdom, Australia and Ireland. As of 2020, Gross National Income per capita was approximately $ 16,400. Cultural awakening which occurred at

1584-465: The end of the 1970s allowed the construction and consolidation of the cultural identity of Rodrigues through the development of these various elements, which form the base of the culture of every nation: food, music, and crafts The traditional music of the island is known as Sega Tambour . The music has an accentuated beat, usually accompanied by an accordion , clapping and the use of improvised percussion instruments like bamboo . The folk dance music

1632-557: The furthest point, at almost 4,800 km (3,000 mi), at which the explosion was heard. The sound was described as "the roar of heavy guns". Naval ships were ordered to investigate as it was feared the sound was due to a ship in distress firing its guns. The noise remains the loudest sound in recorded history. In September 1897, solo sailor Joshua Slocum spent eight days on the island. He would later write, "At Rodriguez one may now find every convenience for filling pure and wholesome water in any quantity. Governor Roberts having built

1680-480: The inhabitants are of African descent and there is a minority of mixed-race peoples, descendants of the first European settlers. The main language is Rodriguan Creole , but English and French are most used as the languages of government administration, the courts and business. Rodriguan Creole is very similar to Mauritian Creole , though some words are pronounced differently. People born in Rodrigues island are called Rodriguans. The education system in Rodrigues

1728-477: The name being transcribed Diogo Rodríguez (Spanish maps), Diego Roiz , Diego Ruys (Dutch maps) (or even Diego Ruy's Island ), Dygarroys or Bygarroys . Some early French sources called it Île Marianne . Due to the island lying far off the beaten track of seafarers at that time, it received few visits. From 1601, the Dutch began visiting the island somewhat more regularly for fresh supplies of food. In 1691,

1776-547: The northern and eastern limits are formed by the Laxmi Ridge and the Laccadive Plateau. 10°N 65°E  /  10°N 65°E  / 10; 65 This oceanography article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Central Indian Ridge The Central Indian Ridge ( CIR ) is a north–south-trending mid-ocean ridge in the western Indian Ocean . The morphology of

1824-595: The other is Mauritius and which one Rodrigues, which are both to the east of Réunion and arranged in a somewhat stylised way on these maps. However, even in its original state, Rodrigues had some karst , while Mauritius even after suffering 500 years of deforestation can by no means be called "desert" even in a colloquial sense. The island was located again in February 1507. Part of the fleet of Afonso de Albuquerque and Tristão da Cunha , Diogo Fernandes Pereira 's ship Cisne (Swan) spotted Réunion on 9 February after

1872-407: The plateau under the lagoon surrounding Rodrigues may be much more ancient than the island. Over time Rodrigues has developed a unique environment, including many endemic species . Rodrigues is situated about 560 kilometres (350 mi) to the east of Mauritius. It is about 18 km (11 mi) long and 6.5 km (4.0 mi) wide with an area of 108 km (42 sq mi). The shape

1920-410: The populace. The uprising consisted of a number of individuals who had been arrested by the local authorities for breaking into a warehouse and appropriating a supply of sweet potatoes. Other locals went to the authorities and by violence released the arrested persons. At this point, it is believed that the authorities requested assistance which was provided by HMS Cambrian . On her early morning arrival,

1968-564: The restoration of the yacht Admiral Nevelskoi . The hull of the yacht, belonging to the Maritime State University in Vladivostok , Russia, had been found drifting off Rodrigues in 1997 and brought ashore. Since 2014, Rodrigues Island has been proactive in environmental conservation, banning plastic bags to safeguard its marine and terrestrial biodiversity. Building on this success and with positive reception from

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2016-590: The same Constitution, part of the Sovereignty of Mauritius, together with the following islands: "Agalega, Tromelin, Cargados Carajos (Saint Brandon), Chagos Archipelago ... Diego Garcia and other islands included in the State of Mauritius". Rodrigues is of volcanic origin and is surrounded by coral reef , and some tiny uninhabited islands lie just off its coast. The island used to be the tenth District of Mauritius ; it gained autonomous status on 12 October 2002, and

2064-473: The ship's 4.5" guns were fired (with blanks, it is believed) and an armed landing party was provided. This resulted in the offenders being rounded up and imprisoned again. Rodrigues is a volcanic island rising from a ridge along the edge of the Mascarene Plateau . The tectonically active Rodrigues Triple Point lies on the sea-floor nearby. Rodrigues is only 1.5 million years old, even if

2112-560: The sloop's dry hold. Of fruits, pomegranates were most plentiful; for two shillings I obtained a large sack of them, as many as a donkey could pack from the orchard, which, by the way, was planted by nature herself." Early in 1968, HMS Cambrian , which was part of the Beira Patrol following the Unilateral Declaration of Independence of Rhodesia , was diverted to Rodrigues to quell a reported uprising by some of

2160-454: The southern section (RTJ-Argo Fracture Zone, 25°S-13°S) of the CIR is near-orthogonal relative to the spreading direction. North of the Argo FZ it is highly oblique and dominated by numerous small ridge segments. The northern section of the CIR, including the Carlsberg Ridge , trends NNW and lacks fracture zones. The axial depth of the CIR increases from 3200 m at 20°S to 4000 m at

2208-526: The three islands of the Mascarenes as Dina Arobi (or Harobi ), Dina Margabin and Dina Moraze . These are apparently corrupted transliterations or transcriptions of the Arabic ديفا هاراب Diva Harab ("Desert Island"), ديفا مغربين Diva Maghrebin ("Western Island") and ديفا ماشريق Diva Mashriq ("Eastern Island"). While the second clearly refers to Réunion , sources disagree about which of

2256-405: The year and in specific competitions, the winning team travels to Mauritius for sport exchange. Volleyball is also popular. There is also a public swimming pool at Marechal, a village located in the center of the island, and a stadium at Camp Du Rois in the region of Port Mathurin . In 2010, plans were developed by Bernard Eric Typhis Degtyarenko for a private museum on the island, centred on

2304-604: Was opened during the separation of the Mascarene Plateau and the Chagos-Laccadive Ridge about 38 Ma, both of which are the products of the Réunion hotspot , the only hotspot known to have interacted with the CIR. Now located 1100 km from the CIR, hotspot crossed the CIR near 18-20°S, from the Indian to the African plate, at 47 Ma. The Réunion hotspot track includes the Chagos-Laccadive Ridge on

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