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37-466: Arau is the royal capital of Perlis , Malaysia with a population of around 20,000. The red-roofed Istana (Royal Palace) is a mixture of colonial and pseudo-Moorish architectural styles. This town is the disembarkation point for visitors travelling from Kuala Lumpur to Langkawi by train. This Perlis location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Perlis Perlis ( Kedah Malay (Perlis dialect) : Peghelih ),

74-712: A Resident in the Perlis royal capital of Arau . Perlis was returned to Siam in World War II as a reward for Siam's alliance with Japan , but this brief annexation ended with the Japanese surrender. After World War II, Perlis returned to British rule until it became part of the Malayan Union , then the Federation of Malaya in 1957, and lastly, Malaysia in 1963. Since 2000, the raja has been Sirajuddin . He

111-699: A lingua franca . In particular, Perlis is well known for its distinctive Hokkien language, known as Penang Hokkien . Hokkien serves as the lingua franca among the various ethnic Chinese communities in Perlis. Perlis Chinese are predominantly Hokkien and thus mostly speak Hokkien as their first language . Some of the tourist attractions in Perlis are: The KTM West Coast railway line runs through Perlis with stations at Padang Besar and Arau . KTM ETS (towards KL Sentral ) and KTM Komuter Northern Sector (towards Butterworth ) trains regularly call at both stations. Perlis does not have an airport; Sultan Abdul Halim Airport serving Alor Setar in nearby Kedah

148-641: A coastline facing the Strait of Malacca , measuring around 20.4 km (12.7 mi) from Kuala Sanglang at the border with Kedah 's Kubang Pasu District up north towards the Malaysia-Thailand border near Pos Batu Putih, in the vicinity of Kuala Perlis . From south to north, its topographical profile consists of flat, arable lands of the Kedah–Perlis Plain dotted with numerous mogotes , and abruptly rises up high as rolling karstic hills of

185-589: A two-pronged approach of religious militancy and diplomacy to free Kedah from Siamese rule, among which the Jamal Al-Layl family played a leading role in these efforts and often carried out negotiations to persuade Siam to restore the state's independence. Siam later agreed to restore the Sultan of Kedah to his throne in 1842. The following year, Sayyid Hussein Jamal Al-Layl from Chana (now in Songkhla, Thailand)

222-419: Is Pauh Putra within the subdistrict of Kurong Anai which houses the main campus of Malaysia University of Perlis and Politeknik Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin. Perlis has a snake sanctuary and research centre at Sungai Batu Pahat. Perlis State Park and Gua Kelam are among the popular tourist attractions. The origin of the toponym 'Perlis' is vague. However, there are several theories: The honorific "Indera Kayangan"

259-577: Is a state of Malaysia in the northwestern coast of Peninsular Malaysia . It is the smallest state in Malaysia by area and population, as well as the northernmost in the country. The state borders the Thai provinces of Satun and Songkhla to the north and the Malaysian state of Kedah to the south. Perlis is the only Malaysian state that is not divided into districts, due to its small size, but it

296-572: Is also the head of its royal household. Unlike most of the other Malaysian states with their own hereditary rulers which are accorded with the title of " sultan ", the hereditary rulers of Perlis are accorded with the title of " raja ". As with other rulers from other states in Malaysia, the Raja of Perlis participate in the election of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and is qualified to serve a five-year term as

333-631: Is exercised by the Perlis State Legislative Assembly , a unicameral chamber in which all 15 seats are elected from single-member constituencies. After the 2022 state election , the Perikatan Nasional coalition, led by the Malaysian Islamic Party , holds 14 of the assembly's 15 seats. The raja appoints menteri besar (chief minister) and an Executive Council (akin to a Cabinet). Generally,

370-670: Is from beginner to expert and many varieties of climbs are available. Raja of Perlis It was founded in 1843 together with the formation of the state of Perlis as a monarchy, after the Sultan of Kedah , Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II gave his endorsement to the Jamalullail family for the secession of Perlis from Kedah with the Jamalullail family as its hereditary rulers. Before the House of Jamalullail ascended to rule as

407-456: Is home to the 733-metre tall Mount Perlis, the highest point in the state. Along with northern Kedah , the entirety of Perlis experiences tropical monsoon climate ( Köppen climate classification : Am ). Perlis is ruled by the House of Jamalullail . Unlike most other Malay states , in which the ruler is a "sultan", the ruler of Perlis is called the "raja". Legislative power in the state

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444-593: Is still divided into several communes. It was called Palit ( Thai : ปะลิส ) by the Siamese when it was under their influence. Perlis had a population of 227,025 as of the 2010 census. Perlis experiences a tropical monsoon climate . Much of the state's highlands are part of the Nakawan Range , a subrange of the Tenasserim Hills system that spans through southern Myanmar , Southern Thailand and

481-424: Is the nearest airport within Malaysia and can be reached by one hour's drive from Kangar . A bus service from Arau to the airport is also available. There is an outdoor rock climbing area in the limestone hills of Bukit Keteri with over 50 sport climbing routes that are bolted by the world's climbing team; the crags are split into two, both next to each other and the rockfaces rise to 350 m. The range of difficulty

518-576: The Nakawan Range , which forms the natural boundary between the state and the province of Satun on the Thai side. In general, paddy fields dominate much of the state's landscape as the Perlisian portion of the Kedah–Perlis Plain had been utilized for rice farming since antiquity. Meanwhile, the Nakawan runs southwest–northeast along the Thai border from Kuala Perlis towards Kaki Bukit . The range

555-626: The Peninsular Malaysia , with Mount Perlis as the highest point at 733 m. The Nakawan also forms a natural frontier between Perlis and Thailand . The capital of Perlis is Kangar , and the royal capital is Arau . Another important town is Padang Besar , at the Malaysia–Thailand border and Kuala Perlis, the ferry town to Langkawi. The main port and ferry terminal is at the small village of Kuala Perlis , linking mostly to Langkawi Island . Another important lately developed area

592-530: The 2010 Census indicate that 83.6% of the Chinese population identify as Buddhist, with significant numbers of adherents following Christianity (11.1%) and Taoism (3.4%), along with small Hui-Muslim populations in areas like Penang. The majority of the Indian population follow Hinduism (86.2%), with a significant minority identifying as Christians (6.0%) or Muslims (4.1%). Christianity is the predominant religion of

629-677: The Rajas of Perlis, the most prominent title in Perlis was the Raja Muda or Yang di-Pertuan Muda of Perlis and Kedah (crown prince of Perlis and Kedah), a title comparable to Prince of Wales within the United Kingdom. Sultan Dhiauddin II of Kedah who built Kota Indera Kayangan as his capital was honorifically titled as Raja Muda of Perlis and Kedah. He was titled as such in a treaty to cede Province Wellesley . The hereditary ruler of Perlis

666-546: The Yang di-Pertuan Agong if elected. The Jamalullail ( جمل الليل ‎; also pronounced Jamal Al-Layl in Arabic ) clan was of Hadhrami Arab origin and founded as an offshoot from the greater Alawi lineage in the 15th century. The name "Jamal Al-Layl" is loosely translated into English as "Camel of the night"; a legend claims that its clan founder, Muhammad Jamal Al-Layl had a habit of wandering around at night to fill

703-417: The chief minister is a member of the legislative assembly who can command a majority on the assembly's floor. The raja's appointment powers were at the centre of a brief constitutional crisis in the state after the 2008 general election . The Raja sought to appoint a Barisan Nasional assemblyman, Md Isa Sabu , as chief minister despite Prime Minister Abdullah Badawi , who led the national coalition, nominating

740-451: The daughter from an Arab - Malay family, Sharifah Aminah Al-Qadri. He settled in Chana village, which was on the border of Siam and Kedah at that time. He earned his living as a trader and was reportedly a well-respected figure in the state. Sayyid Ahmad's son with Sharifah Aminah, Sayyid Harun followed his father's footsteps as a trader, in addition to being a well-known religious scholar. He

777-578: The following year; he died shortly after that. The State Council held another vote, and elected Syed Hassan's son, Syed Putra as the new heir presumptive. Another contender, Syed Hamzah, a younger half-brother of Syed Alwi and the Vice-President of the state council, dissented on the outcome of the choice as it went against Islamic inheritance laws . Raja Syed Alwi and the British maintained their support for Syed Putra, but as Syed Alwi fell ill at

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814-451: The future first Raja of Perlis as chieftain of Arau as a wedding gift to his marriage with his daughter, Tengku Sofiah. Syed Harun's descendant eventually become deputy governor (1839) and Raja of Perlis. After the Siamese conquered Kedah in 1821, the British felt their interests in Perak were threatened. This resulted in the 1826 Burney and Low Treaties formalising relations between

851-572: The incumbent Shahidan Kassim to continue in office. The Raja prevailed, and swore in Md Isa, who proceeded to serve a full term as chief minister. The state elects three members of the federal House of Representatives , for the constituencies of Arau , Kangar and Padang Besar . All three seats have been held by the Perikatan Nasional since the 2022 general elections . The state also has two federal senators ; like all other states,

888-616: The non-Malay bumiputera community (46.5%) with an additional 40.4% identifying as Muslims. Majority of Perlis' population speaks Perlis Malay which is a sub-dialect of Kedah Malay but has its own unique features compared to those of neighbouring Kedah. Perlisian Chinese people are mostly Hokkien by ancestry and speak a dialect of Hokkien . Besides that there is also Hokkien , Mandarin , English , Tamil , Malayalam as well as small numbers of Southern Thai speakers, mostly ethnic Malaysian Siamese . However, large numbers of Perlisians regardless of ethnic origin mainly uses Perlis Malay as

925-440: The outbreak of Pacific War in 1941, Syed Hamzah seized the opportunity to exert influence over the political affairs of the state. Following the death of Syed Alwi in 1943, Syed Hamzah was installed as the Raja of Perlis, with the support of the Japanese. When the British returned in 1945, Syed Hamzah abdicated under pressure from the British and moved in to install Syed Putra as the Raja of Perlis. The Raja of Perlis took part in

962-460: The paternal grandson of a Hadhrami Arab Sayyid immigrant and maternal grandson of the Sultan of Kedah, the first Raja of Perlis which made Perlis a sovereign state. His descendants still rule Perlis, but as rajas , instead of as sultans . In 1897, Kedah led by its prime minister, Wan Mat Saman began efforts to end the sovereignty of Perlis (similar to the Kingdom of Kubang Pasu which

999-696: The senators are not directly elected but appointed by a vote of the state legislative assembly. Perlis, being the smallest state by area in Malaysia, is not divided into administrative districts. It is, however, still divided into 22 mukims (communes), namely: As of 2010 the population of Perlis is 87.9% Muslim , 10.0% Buddhist , 0.8% Hindu , 0.6% Christian , 0.2% Taoist or Chinese religion followers, 0.2% non-religious, 0.2% unknown / none, and 0.1% followers of other religions. The Malaysian defines "Malay", as those who are Muslim, speak Malay regularly, practise Malay customs, and lived in or have ancestors from Brunei , Malaysia and/or Singapore . Statistics from

1036-574: The state constitution his father signed without any long epithets in general "which is related to deities , or any 'Darul'..."". Perlis was originally part of Kedah , although it occasionally came under the rule of Siam or Aceh . Perlis was historically an important realm within the Kingdom of Kedah. Sultan Muhyiddin of Kedah made his capital in Kota Sena, while Sultan Dhiauddin II made Kota Indera Kayangan his capital. Sultan Dhiauddin II of Kedah

1073-487: The two Malay states and Siam, their nominal overlord. In the Burney Treaty , the exiled Sultan of Kedah, Ahmad Tajuddin was not restored to his throne. Sultan Ahmad and his armed supporters then fought in a series of war known as Perang Musuh Bisik for his restoration from 1830 to 1842. Towards the end of the conflict and the death of Siam's Ligor governor in 1839 (Siam's main authority figure over Kedah), Perlis

1110-492: The wells and fountains of mosques. Members of the Jamal Al-Layl clan migrated to Madagascar , Zanzibar , India , Aceh , Comoros and Malaysia , where descendants of these migrants either rose to influential political positions or established ruling houses. The ancestor of the Jamalullail clan of Perlis, Sayyid Ahmad bin Husayn Jamal Al-Layl, migrated to Kedah from Hadhramaut sometime in 1735 and married

1147-545: Was absorbed into Kedah). After several tense occasions and disputes, the Siamese king Chulalongkorn sided with Perlis. Perlis also had several disputes with the state of Setul before the 1900s. As with Kedah, the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 forced Siam to relinquish its southern Malay vassal states of Kelantan , Trengganu , and Monthon Syburi (comprising Kedah , Perlis, and Satun (but Satun remained with Thailand)) to Great Britain. The British installed

Arau - Misplaced Pages Continue

1184-627: Was given by Tuanku Raja Syed Hussin Jamalullail (who ruled Perlis from 1843 to 1873) after the royal town of Indera Kayangan II (1797 until 1813) he was raised in now located in Kampung Langgar, Kayang within the Kuala Perlis area. However, this epithet became less popular under the recommendation of Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin Putra Jamalullail in 2015, in which according to him is inline with the official singular name given in

1221-545: Was honorifically titled as Raja Muda of Perlis and Kedah, akin to the title Prince of Wales in the United Kingdom . During his reign as the Sultan of Kedah, he oversaw a treaty with George Leith to cede Province Wellesley to Penang . He was titled as Raja Muda of Perlis and Kedah. This fact depicted Perlis was a special realm within the Kedah sultanate. Sultan Dhiauddin then made Syed Harun Jamalullail, father of

1258-526: Was installed by Siam as the first Raja of Perlis, after the Sultan of Kedah gave his endorsement of the formation of Perlis. In 1933, the fourth Raja of Perlis, Syed Alwi Jamalullail looked to the State Council to elect an heir presumptive to the royal throne of Perlis. The State Council chose Syed Hassan among several possible contenders as the heir-presumptive. Syed Hassan was a nephew by his older half-brother Syed Mahmud. An illness struck Syed Hassan

1295-567: Was later admitted into the Kedahan royal court and became a close aide of the Sultan of Kedah, Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II . He later married a princess from the Kedah royal family, Tengku Safiah, and was later made the Penghulu (district chief) of Arau in 1797. When Siam invaded and occupied Kedah between 1821 and 1842, local Arab families supported the Sultan's efforts to lead resistance efforts against Siamese rule. Arab leaders employed

1332-582: Was separated with Kedah. In 1842, the Sultan agreed to accept Siamese terms and was restored to the throne of Kedah. However, Siam separated Perlis into a separate principality which was a direct vassal of Bangkok . The Siamese made Raja Long Krok as the Governor of Siam in Perlis while Syed (or Sayyid) Hussain Jamalullail as deputy governor. On 20 May 1843, the Siamese made Sayyid Hussain Jamalulail ,

1369-567: Was the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia) from 13 December 2001 to 12 December 2006. Tuanku Syed Faizuddin Putra was the Regent of Perlis during the five-year period when Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin was Yang di-Pertuan Agong. The Chief Executive or Menteri Besar is currently Mohd Shukri Ramli of the Perikatan Nasional . Perlis is the smallest state in Malaysia, covering a total land area of 819 km . Like other west coast states , it has

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