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25-422: The two-storey house is harled . The main block has a piended ( hipped ) slate roof, while the single-storey wings have skew (sloping) gables . A well-preserved obelisk sundial is located in the garden, whilst a range of estate buildings is nearby. All three are designated as Category B listed buildings by Historic Environment Scotland . The house was built c.1820 for Major General John Lamont, 19th chief of

50-530: A quartz-dolerite sill , rises steeply from the low ground to the north and west to a plateau of around 350 metres (1,150 ft) in height between the peaks of East and West Lomond. The western portion of the escarpment runs southwards from West Lomond beyond the deep valley of the Glen Burn (Glen Vale) to Bishop Hill (locally, simply The Bishop) (461 metres (1,512 ft)). The steep-sided peaks of East and West Lomond themselves are volcanic in origin. Along

75-525: A large number of famous Scottish buildings including: The word "harling" was used in this sense in building accounts written in the Scots language , possibly deriving from the name of a tool called a "harl". At Falkland Palace , in 1540, John Kelly and John Malcolm alias Callum worked on the "harling" of the chapel (its interior), the tennis court walls, the east turnpike turret, and the Cross House of

100-430: A slurry of small pebbles or fine chips of stone. After a wall is complete and has been pointed and allowed to cure then a base of lime render is applied to the bare stone. While this render is still wet a specially shaped trowel is used to throw the pebbles onto the lime surface, which are then lightly pressed into it. Harl, being mostly lime render, cures chemically rather than simply drying. After this setting process,

125-466: Is a rough-cast wall finish consisting of lime and aggregate, known for its rough texture. Many castles and other buildings in Scotland and Ulster have walls finished with harling. It is also used on contemporary buildings, where it protects against the wet Scottish and Ulster climates and eliminates the need for paint. Harling as a process covers stonework using a plastering process involving

150-403: Is a teschenite/ olivine dolerite intrusion and vent agglomerate . A few faults affect the escarpment vertically offsetting the crags on either side. The Coul Fault is a northerly downthrowing fault aligned WNW-ESE running through the range and beneath Ballo Reservoir. Many lower areas are draped with glacial till from the last ice age . Easterly directed meltwater channels occur around

175-423: Is privately owned. As a result of their accessibility and proximity to several major population centres, the hills are very popular with walkers. This has resulted in a considerable amount of footpath erosion, particularly on the steeper sections, that the ranger service and volunteer workers are taking measures to counteract. Both East and West Lomond can easily be climbed from Craigmead Car Park, which lies between

200-588: The Clan Lamont . The house and estate, by then rented out, were the location of the Ardlamont murder in 1893. The house and estate were sold in the same year by Major John Henry Lamont, the 21st chief of the clan. 55°50′32″N 5°13′34″W  /  55.842243°N 5.226243°W  / 55.842243; -5.226243 This article about a Scottish building or structure is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Harl Harling

225-746: The Old Red Sandstone . Overlying this and forming the lower slopes of the scarp are the early Carboniferous sandstones of the Knox Pulpit and the Kinnesswood formations . Next in succession are the Pathhead Formation rocks which include cycles of sandstones, siltstones , mudstones , ironstones and limestone, formerly referred to as the Calciferous Sandstone Measures. These in turn are overlain by

250-758: The East Quarter. Some of the interiors were plastered by a French specialist craftsman called Hector Beato. The three craftsmen were known as "pargeonars" and their interior work was sometimes called "pargeoning". Lime for the work came from kilns on the nearby Lomond Hills or was shipped from Dundee to Lindores . Some lime called "unburnt plaster" shipped from Dundee was processed for use at Falkland using coal. The lime used with sand to "pergyn" two round turrets and vaulted entranceways or "transes" at Holyrood Palace in 1532 came from Cousland and Gilmerton . Lomond Hills The Lomond Hills (meaning either beacon hills or bare hills), also known outside

275-485: The Glen Burn, to the south of West Lomond, is equally impressive. The hills are formed from early Carboniferous sedimentary rocks overlying Devonian sandstones and intruded by sills and volcanic plugs during late Carboniferous and Permian times. The lower ground to the north and west is formed from late Devonian rocks of the Glenvale Sandstone Formation traditionally ascribed to

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300-499: The Lomonds. East Lomond, due to the easy access from the high car park, is often used by paragliders on windy days. The Falkland Hill Race is held annually and begins at the fountain in the centre of Falkland village. The competitors must run (or in many cases walk) to the summit of East Lomond before returning to the fountain. The wooded northern slopes of East Lomond also boast a series of downhill mountainbike tracks. Gliders from

325-562: The edges of the sandstone bed at the foot of the scarp slopes are several strikingly eroded outcrops, the most famous of which are the Bunnet Stane and John Knox's Pulpit , so named because it is believed to be a spot where covenanters held conventicles in the 17th century. There are also striking outcrops in the columnar jointing at the edge of the dolerite sill on Bishop Hill, most notably Carlin Maggie . The River Eden , one of

350-426: The harl is sometimes lime washed in a colour using traditional techniques. It is not recommendable to replace more than around 20% of the lime content with cement . Cement-based render is very stiff and prone to crack or detach from the wall when subjected to stress induced by expansion due to solar radiation and moisture. It is also less permeable to moisture and water vapour. Water entering through fine cracks in

375-571: The hill-name Pumlumon in Wales. Also suggested is derivation from Gaelic lom monadh , "bare hill", perhaps adapted from an earlier Pictish name containing cognate elements. The Lomond Hills contain two prominent peaks, West Lomond and East Lomond (or Falkland Hill) (448 metres (1,470 ft)), which sit just under 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) apart above a long north and west-facing escarpment over 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) in length. The escarpment, made from beds of sandstone , limestone and

400-452: The landowners, estate managers and farmers on issues such as public access to help minimise the impact of recreational activities on their day-to-day business. The park covers approximately 65 square kilometres (25 sq mi) and is divided as follows: 1,120 hectares (2,800 acres) of land is in public ownership: 500 hectares (1,200 acres) belong to Fife Council and 620 are owned by Scottish Water. The balance of 5,355 hectares (13,230 acres)

425-468: The locality as the Paps of Fife , are a range of hills in central Scotland. They lie in western central Fife and Perth and Kinross , Scotland . At 522 metres (1,713 ft) West Lomond is the highest point in the county of Fife. The name Lomond Hills was first recorded Lomondys in 1315, and may derive from a Pictish cognate of Welsh llumon , meaning "beacon", an element found for example in

450-468: The northeastern and southern margins. The remains of Iron Age hill forts can be found around the summits of both East and West Lomond as well as at Maiden Castle, a grassy knoll that lies between the two. In more recent history, the Lomond Hills were mined for limestone, ore and lead , although there are no longer any working quarries there today. On the southwest slopes of East Lomond are

475-551: The primary land uses on the Lomond Hills are sheep grazing and commercial forestry (predominantly on the steep north slopes) and water catchment. There are six reservoirs in the Lomond Hills that were originally constructed to supply water to the rapidly growing mining towns of west Fife. The Lomond Hills lie within the boundaries of Fife Regional Park , renamed the Lomond Hills Regional Park in 2003, and have their own ranger service who work principally with

500-544: The surface does not easily diffuse and can penetrate into the softer stone, thus causing the deterioration which harling aims to prevent. For similar reasons, modern barrier paints should not be used in place of traditional lime washes. An example of the inadequate protection afforded by high cement harling is the Charles Rennie Mackintosh designed Hill House completed in 1904 using the newly available but poorly understood Portland cement harling. Over

525-533: The two at a height of around 300 metres (980 ft). Alternative routes exist from the Bunnet Stane , the village of Falkland and the car park at the masts, high on East Lomond. The views from both summits, due to their prominence, are magnificent, stretching from the Highlands to the Borders , with the sea in the east. As well as walking, there are a number of other recreational activities that take place in

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550-643: The two primary rivers in Fife, has its source on the slopes of West Lomond. On the northern slopes of the Lomond Hills, two burns run down from the plateau in impressive gorges. These are the Maspie Burn and the Arraty Burn. Maspie Den has a path running along its length to an undercut waterfall at the top, which can be accessed just beyond Falkland House (approaching from the Falkland direction). Glen Vale with

575-694: The varied cyclic sequences of the Lower Limestone Formation . The igneous rocks are relatively resistant to erosion and form the main scarp and two summits. A quartz-dolerite sill of probable Permo-Carboniferous age, forming a part of the Midland Valley Sill Complex intrudes the early Carboniferous sedimentary rocks of the Lower Limestone Formation. The peaks of West Lomond and Green Hill are nepheline - basanite intrusions whilst East Lomond

600-457: The well preserved remains of a limekiln and quarry. Beneath the northern slopes of the escarpment lies Falkland Estate, an area of forest (now commercial plantation), where the kings of Scotland would have hunted whilst staying at nearby Falkland Palace . The present custodian of the palace is Ninian Crichton-Stuart, brother of the Marquess of Bute. Due to the steep gradients and poor soil,

625-431: The years water had penetrated the harling and threatened the overall integrity of the building. The National Trust for Scotland , the building's owner, has (2019) enclosed Hill House in a transparent 'box' which will allow some rain to enter but which will eventually allow it to dry naturally. It is estimated that this will take seven to ten years, after which the box will be removed. The technique of harling features in

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