Misplaced Pages

#135864

85-401: The Armadale line is a partially-closed suburban railway service in Perth , Western Australia, operated by the Public Transport Authority as part of the Transperth system. The Armadale line is 30.4 kilometres (18.9 mi) long, and starts at Perth station , heading south-east of there to serve Perth's south-eastern suburbs, terminating at Armadale station . Since November 2023,

170-651: A city's central business district, and often share right-of-way with intercity or freight trains. Some services operate only during peak hours and others use fewer departures during off peak hours and weekends. Average speeds are high, often 50 km/h (30 mph) or higher. These higher speeds better serve the longer distances involved. Some services include express services which skip some stations in order to run faster and separate longer distance riders from short-distance ones. The general range of commuter trains' travel distance varies between 15 and 200 km (10 and 125 miles), but longer distances can be covered when

255-413: A headway rather than a published timetable and use dedicated tracks (underground or elevated), whereas commuter rail often shares tracks, technology and the legal framework within mainline railway systems, and uses rolling stocks with more seating and higher speed for comfort on longer city-suburban journeys. However, the classification as a metro or rapid rail can be difficult as both may typically cover

340-410: A key campaign issue in the 1982 state government election. Following a change of government , passenger services resumed on 29 July 1983. The re-opening of the railway was the beginning of a shift in metropolitan transport policy that saw bipartisan support for the revitalisation and expansion of Perth's passenger railway system. The campaign against the closure of the railway was led by Peter Newman ,

425-463: A local Government councillor and environmental scientist. Perth’s passenger rail services were believed to have been in serious decline throughout the 1960s and 1970s with reports of passenger numbers falling as commuters switched from public transport to cars and employment moved out of the central city. Calls by various stakeholders for investment in the electrification of the system had been ignored. The 1955 Stephenson-Hepburn Plan had recommended

510-581: A metropolitan area exclusively, run on separate tracks in the centre, and often feature purpose-built rolling stock. The fact that the terminology is not standardised across countries (even across English-speaking countries) further complicates matters. This distinction is most easily made when there are two (or more) systems such as New York's subway and the LIRR and Metro-North Railroad , Paris' Métro and RER along with Transilien , Washington D.C.'s Metro along with its MARC and VRE , London's tube lines of

595-596: A public protest of up to 3000 people marched through Perth and the closure was debated extensively in the Legislative council with the government alleging that “subversive” actors were funding Friends of the Railway, and the opposition accusing the government of a “systematic dismantling” of railway services. In their defence, the government claimed to be investing in rail along the Armadale and Midland lines, but that

680-493: A spur of the Armadale line south of Beckenham station was also constructed. This opened on 7 August 2005. A reconstructed Armadale station opened on 6 November 2004 and the new and relocated Victoria Park station open on 2 August 2008. Belmont Park station closed on 13 October 2013 to be replaced by Perth Stadium station , which opened on 2 December 2017 to serve Perth Stadium (known for sponsorship reasons as Optus Stadium). The station has six platforms and express services from

765-701: Is an extension of the Armadale line south to Byford . In February 2022, it was announced that an 18-month-long shutdown of the Armadale line would have to occur to construct the Victoria Park-Canning Level Crossing Removal Project and the Byford extension. This shutdown was initially planned to begin in early-2023, but was delayed in August 2022 to late-2023. The shutdown, which closed the line between Victoria Park and Armadale stations, commenced on 20 November 2023 and

850-935: Is especially the case for lines operated by Korail , such as the Gyeongui-Jungang Line , the Gyeongchun Line , the Suin-Bundang Line , or the Gyeonggang Line . Even some lines not operated by Korail, such as the AREX Line, the Seohae Line or the Shinbundang Line mostly function as commuter rail. Lastly, even for the "numbered lines" (1–9) of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway which mostly travel in

935-467: Is expected to end by mid-2025. The currently-budgeted cost for the Byford extension is $ 797 million, and the currently-budgeted cost for the Victoria Park-Canning Level Crossing Removal Project is $ 1.047 billion. The Armadale line uses 1,067 mm ( 3 ft 6 in ) narrow gauge track and has a maximum speed of 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph). Trains are powered by 25 kV 50 Hz AC overhead line equipment which

SECTION 10

#1732791390136

1020-603: Is heavily used by commuters in the Greater Tokyo Area , who commute between 100 and 200 km (62 and 124 mi) by Shinkansen . To meet the demand of commuters, JR sells commuter discount passes. Before 2021, they operated 16-car bilevel E4 Series Shinkansen trains at rush hour, providing a capacity of 1,600 seats. Several lines in China, such as the Beijing–Tianjin Intercity Railway and

1105-417: Is often a case of asset sweating , by using a single large combined fleet for intercity and regional services. Loco hauled services are usually run in push-pull formation, that is, the train can run with the locomotive at the "front" or "rear" of the train (pushing or pulling). Trains are often equipped with a control cab at the other end of the train from the locomotive, allowing the train operator to operate

1190-963: Is often used in contrast to rapid transit or light rail . Some services share similarities with both commuter rail and high-frequency rapid transit ; examples include New Jersey Transit in the U.S., German S-Bahn in some cities, the Réseau Express Régional (RER) in Paris, the S Lines in Milan, many Japanese commuter systems, the East Rail line in Hong Kong, and some Australasian suburban networks, such as Sydney Trains . Many commuter rail systems share tracks with other passenger services and freight . In North America, commuter rail sometimes refers only to systems that primarily operate during rush hour and offer little to no service for

1275-1963: Is one suburban rail called the Chittagong Circular Railway . Another suburban railway called the Dhaka Circular Railway is currently proposed. Karachi in Pakistan has a circular railway since 1969. Tehran Metro currently operates the Line 5 commuter line between Tehran and Karaj . Turkey has lines connecting Başkentray , İZBAN , Marmaray and Gaziray . Major metropolitan areas in most European countries are usually served by extensive commuter/suburban rail systems. Well-known examples include BG Voz in Belgrade (Serbia), S-Bahn in Germany, Austria and German-speaking areas of Switzerland, Proastiakos in Greece, RER in France and Belgium, Servizio ferroviario suburbano in Italy, Cercanías and Rodalies ( Catalonia ) in Spain, CP Urban Services in Portugal, Esko in Prague and Ostrava (Czech Republic), HÉV in Budapest (Hungary) and DART in Dublin (Ireland). London has multiple commuter rail routes: The Merseyrail network in Liverpool consists of two commuter rail routes powered by third rail, both of which branch out at one end. At

1360-470: Is operationally more like a typical metro system (frequent trains, an emphasis on standing passengers , short station spacings) than it is like commuter rail in other countries. Japanese commuter rail commonly interline with city center subway lines, with commuter rail trains continuing into the subway network, and then out onto different commuter rail systems on the other side of the city. Many Japanese commuter systems operate various stopping patterns to reduce

1445-605: Is powered by substations in Beckenham and East Perth. The Armadale line uses fixed block signalling . As part of Metronet's High Capacity Signalling Project, the Transperth rail network will be upgraded to moving block signalling using communications-based train control (CBTC). As of 2021, the CBTC system is planned to be implemented on the Armadale and Thornlie lines by June 2031. Current terminus of all services as part of

1530-523: Is served primarily by Transperth A-series trains , with Transperth B-series trains occasionally used as well. By 2031, it is planned that all A-series trains will be retired, leaving the Armadale line to be served primarily by B-series trains. The A-series trains were built between 1991 and 1999 and consist of two cars which are usually joined together to form four car trains. Each car has two doors on each side. The B-series trains were built between 2004 and 2019, consist of three cars each and have two doors on

1615-526: Is still possible to tell them apart. Some operators, for example Thameslink , focus solely on commuter services. Others, such as Avanti West Coast and LNER , run solely intercity services. Others still, such as GWR and EMR , run a mixture of commuter, regional and intercity services. Some of these operators use different branding for different types of service (for example EMR brands its trains as either "InterCity", "Connect" for London commuter services, and "Regional") but even for those operators that do not,

1700-579: Is used in Australia (Sydney for example) to describe the regional trains operating beyond the boundaries of the suburban services, even though some of these "inter-city" services stop all stations similar to German regional services. In this regard, the German service delineations and naming conventions are clearer and better used for academic purposes. Sometimes high-speed rail can serve daily use of commuters. The Japanese Shinkansen high speed rail system

1785-426: Is widely used in many commuter rail trains to increase capacity in rush hours. Carriages are usually not organized to increase seating capacity (although in some trains at least one carriage would feature more doors to facilitate easier boarding and alighting and bench seats so that they can be folded up during rush hour to provide more standing room) even in the case of commuting longer than 50 km and commuters in

SECTION 20

#1732791390136

1870-527: The Sunday Independent reporting market research that found 80% of metropolitan voters were against the closure, including 70% of voters who voted Liberal in the last election. Friends of the Railways sought permission from the government to take surveys of passengers on the railways, but the request was denied. On 27 July, the alternative transport proposal was formally rejected by cabinet and

1955-919: The Brisbane ( Queensland Rail 's City network ) and Perth ( Transperth ) systems in Australia, in some systems in Sweden, and on the Genoa-Casella line in Italy. Some countries and regions, including Finland , India, Pakistan, Russia , Brazil and Sri Lanka, as well as San Francisco ( BART ) in the US and Melbourne and Adelaide in Australia, use broad gauge track. Metro rail and rapid transit usually cover smaller inner-urban areas within 12 to 20 km (7 to 12 mi) of city centers, with shorter stop spacing, use rolling stocks with larger standing spaces, lower top speed and higher acceleration, designed for short-distance travel. They also run more frequently, to

2040-769: The Chennai MRTS , also covers over 300 stations and carries more than 2.5 million people daily to different areas in Chennai and its surroundings. Other commuter railways in India include the Hyderabad MMTS , Delhi Suburban Railway , Pune Suburban Railway and Lucknow-Kanpur Suburban Railway . In 2020, Government of India approved Bengaluru Suburban Railway to connect Bengaluru and its suburbs. It will be unique and first of its kind in India as it will have metro like facilities and rolling stock. In Bangladesh, there

2125-528: The Greater Tokyo Area , Seoul metropolitan area , and Jabodetabek area have to stand in the train for more than an hour. Currently there are not many examples of commuter rail in Africa . Metrorail operates in the major cities of South Africa , and there are some commuter rail services in Algeria , Botswana , Kenya , Morocco , Egypt and Tunisia . In Algeria, SNTF operates commuter rail lines between

2210-845: The Guangshen Railway have more frequent metro-like service. The two MTR lines which are owned and formerly operated by the Kowloon-Canton Railway Corporation ( East Rail line and Tuen Ma line which is integrated from the former West Rail line and Ma On Shan line in 2021), then the "KCR" ), and MTR's own Tung Chung line connect the new towns in New Territories and the city centre Kowloon together with frequent intervals, and some New Territories-bound trains terminate at intermediate stations, providing more frequent services in Kowloon and

2295-585: The Jakarta city center with surrounding cities and sub-urbans in Banten and West Java provinces, including Depok , Bogor , Tangerang , Serpong , Rangkasbitung , Bekasi and Cikarang . In July 2015, KRL Commuterline served more than 850,000 passengers per day, which is almost triple of the 2011 figures, but still less than 3.5% of all Jabodetabek commutes. Other commuter rail systems in Indonesia include

2380-1023: The Metro Surabaya Commuter Line , Commuter Line Bandung , KAI Commuter Yogyakarta–Solo Line , Kedung Sepur , and the Sri Lelawangsa . In the Philippines, the Philippine National Railways has two commuter rail systems currently operational; the PNR Metro Commuter Line in the Greater Manila Area and the PNR Bicol Commuter in the Bicol Region . A new commuter rail line in Metro Manila,

2465-614: The North–South Commuter Railway , is currently under construction. Its North section is set to be partially opened by 2021. In Malaysia, there are two commuter services operated by Keretapi Tanah Melayu . They are the KTM Komuter that serves Kuala Lumpur and the surrounding Klang Valley area , and the KTM Komuter Northern Sector that serves Greater Penang , Perak , Kedah and Perlis in

2550-767: The Shanghai–Nanjing High-Speed Railway , serve a similar role with many more under construction or planned. In South Korea, some sections of the high-speed rail network are also heavily used by commuters, such as the section between Gwangmyeong Station and Seoul Station on the KTX network ( Gyeongbu HSR Line ), or the section between Dongtan Station and Suseo station on the SRT Line. The high-speed services linking Zürich , Bern and Basel in Switzerland (200 km/h (120 mph)) have brought

2635-588: The Underground and the Overground , Elizabeth line , Thameslink along with other commuter rail operators , Madrid's Metro and Cercanías , Barcelona's Metro and Rodalies , and Tokyo's subway and the JR lines along with various privately owned and operated commuter rail systems. Regional rail usually provides rail services between towns and cities, rather than purely linking major population hubs in

Armadale line - Misplaced Pages Continue

2720-542: The WAGR ADG class , were introduced in 1954. These trains could manage closer stations than steam trains, so three new stations opened on 28 November 1954: Oats Street , Higham (now Beckenham ), and Stokely (now closed) stations. By 1954, suburban services ran as far as Armadale station. As the Armadale line was not as busy as the Fremantle and Midland lines, the Armadale line had a train every 40 minutes, as opposed to

2805-605: The Yamanote Line , Keihin Tohoku Line , Chūō–Sōbu Line services arguably are more akin to rapid transit with frequent stops, simple stopping patterns (relative to other JR East lines) no branching services and largely serving the inner suburbs; other services along the Chūō Rapid Line , Sōbu Rapid Line / Yokosuka Line , Ueno–Tokyo Line , Shōnan–Shinjuku Line etc. are mid-distance services from suburban lines in

2890-515: The 1930s), passenger rail services were relatively uncomfortable and attracted a declining ridership. As the rolling stock neared the end of its lifespan, the government of the day was required to consider either a substantial capital works program, or the cessation of passenger services entirely. John Knox, appointed to the Department of Transport in the early 1970s was a key player in the process of consolidating and closing rail services. When

2975-526: The 2023–24 financial year. The South Western Railway between Perth and Pinjarra, Western Australia , opened on 22 May 1893. An extension south to Bunbury opened on 22 August 1893. Services were operated by the Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR). Initially, the railway saw limited passenger service; passenger cars were joined to freight trains. Suburban service did not exist at first, with trains going all

3060-502: The 300 km/h (186 mph) Nuremberg–Ingolstadt high-speed railway . The regional trains Stockholm – Uppsala , Stockholm– Västerås , Stockholm– Eskilstuna and Gothenburg – Trollhättan in Sweden reach 200 km/h (120 mph) and have many daily commuters. In Great Britain , the HS1 domestic services between London and Ashford runs at a top speed of 225 km/h, and in peak hours

3145-672: The Armadale Line Shutdown. Being rebuilt as part of the Victoria Park-Canning Level Crossing Removal. Being rebuilt as part of the Victoria Park-Canning Level Crossing Removal. Being rebuilt as part of the Byford Rail Extension. Trains operate between Perth and Victoria Park stopping at all stations. Services operate at a 7.5 minute frequency during the day, and every 15 minutes at night. Train services on

3230-528: The Central Business Districts (CBDs) of these three cities within 1 hour of each other. This has resulted in unexpectedly high demand for new commuter trips between the three cities and a corresponding increase in suburban rail passengers accessing the high-speed services at the main city-centre stations ( Hauptbahnhof ). The Regional-Express commuter service between Munich and Nuremberg in Germany runs at 200 km/h (120 mph) on

3315-892: The Department of Transport. Between 21 March 1993 and 8 August 2005, trains on the Armadale line continued through Perth to the Joondalup line (now known as the Yanchep line). As part of New MetroRail in the 2000s, Carlisle and Victoria Park stations were upgraded, Lathlain station was closed on 3 February 2003, and the Miller Street bridge in Lathlain and the Gerard Street bridge in East Cannington were built to replace level crossings. The Thornlie line ,

3400-402: The East Rail Line share tracks with intercity trains to mainland China . The three KCR lines are integrated into the MTR network since 2008 and most passengers do not need to exit and re-enter the system through separate fare gates and purchase separate tickets to transfer between such lines and the rest of the network (the exceptions are between the Tuen Ma line's East Tsim Sha Tsui station and

3485-591: The Fremantle and Yanchep lines also serve the station during events using the Armadale line tracks. A weekend service was added in 2018 and trains began stopping seven days a week from 2 April 2024. As part of Metronet, the Victoria Park-Canning Level Crossing Removal Project will elevate the Armadale line along sections between Victoria Park and Beckenham. Five stations will be rebuilt: Carlisle, Oats Street, Queens Park , Cannington, and Beckenham stations, Welshpool station has been permanently closed, and six level crossings were removed. Also occurring as part of Metronet

Armadale line - Misplaced Pages Continue

3570-405: The Fremantle line lacked the population density to support the services. The government maintained their decision to close the railway in the face of community opposition. On 1 September an estimated 1200 people turned out to watch the last train to Fremantle. The following day, public transport services were replaced by 17 articulated buses. Despite widespread cross-political dissatisfaction with

3655-433: The Netherlands carry many commuters, while their equipment, range, and speeds are similar to those of commuter trains in some larger countries. The United Kingdom has a privatised rail system, with different routes and services covered by different private operators. The distinction between commuter and intercity rail is not as clear as it was before privatisation (when InterCity existed as a brand of its own), but usually it

3740-425: The Railway had 400 members. By May, Friends of the Railway, led by Liberal member for Subiaco Tom Dadour , had gathered 100,000 signatures on a petition against the closure and prepared a detailed report rebutting arguments in favour of the railway closure and laying out an alternative proposal for the electrification of the system. This garnered widespread media coverage and as protests grew, comparisons were made to

3825-411: The Tsuen Wan line's Tsim Sha Tsui station . In Taiwan, the Western line in the Taipei - Taoyuan Metropolitan Area, Taichung Metropolitan Area and Tainan - Kaohsiung Metropolitan Area as well as the Neiwan - Liujia line in the Hsinchu Area are considered commuter rail. In South Korea, the Seoul Metropolitan Subway includes a total of 22 lines, and some of its lines are suburban lines. This

3910-467: The capital Algiers and its southern and eastern suburbs. They also serve to connect Algiers ' main universities to each other. The Dar es Salaam commuter rail offers intracity services in Dar es Salaam , Tanzania. In Botswana, the ( Botswana Railways ) "BR Express" has a commuter train between Lobatse and Gaborone . In Japan, commuter rail systems have extensive network and frequent service and are heavily used. In many cases, Japanese commuter rail

3995-406: The closed railway line. Peter Newman suggests a decline of around 30%. Later reports found total passenger numbers on the rail network bottoming out at 58 million during this time period. In 1982, following the review of the closure, the government released Transport 2000: A Perth Study . This report reaffirmed the government policy and recommended that the Fremantle line remained closed. With

4080-403: The closure of the railway was mooted in 1975, 40,000 people signed a petition against it. It was again proposed by the Minister for Transport in October 1977, however Charles Court went to the 1977 state election with a promise to keep the line open. Following an overseas investigation, George Shea, head of the Metropolitan Transport Trust reach the view that electrification of the railway

4165-412: The closure to occur within three years. The justification for the cessation of the railway service was that it was uneconomic, inefficient and inflexible in comparison to equivalent bus services. The government pointed to declining passenger numbers and an increase in the annual cost of providing rail services in comparison to buses. The Minister for Transport was quoted as saying it was "futile" to oppose

4250-406: The community opposition around the demolition of the Pensioners Barracks. Under pressure from the community and local governments (including Fremantle and Subiaco ) the Minister for Transport announced he would review the submission and present it before cabinet. The Minister requested additional information from Friends of the Railway, which they provide by June. Pressure continued to grow, with

4335-466: The day, rising to seven trains per hour during peak. Armadale line trains typically stopped at all stations between Armadale and Cannington and skipped most stations between Cannington and Perth, with the exception of Oats Street , Claisebrook , and McIver stations. Thornlie line trains instead stopped at all stations between Cannington and Perth. Transperth A-series trains are mainly used. The Armadale and Thornlie lines received 3,878,183 boardings in

SECTION 50

#1732791390136

4420-402: The decision. The decision was applauded in some quarters and was supported by most transportation experts, but was met with immediate community and local government opposition. Academic and local government councillor Peter Newman and 11 others formed the Friends of the Railways advocacy group for the purpose of opposing the government policy. Within three months of formation, the Friends of

4505-417: The dense parts of Seoul, some track sections extend far outside of the city, and operate large sections at ground level, such as on the Line 1 , Line 3 and Line 4 . In Busan, the Donghae Line , while part of the Busan Metro system, mostly functions as a commuter rail line. In Indonesia , the KRL Commuterline is the largest commuter rail system in the country, serving the Greater Jakarta . It connects

4590-441: The exception of Oats Street, Claisebrook, and McIver stations. Thornlie line trains instead stopped at all stations between Cannington and Perth. Armadale line trains only stopped at all stations on Sundays when Thornlie line trains were less frequent, and late at night when Thornlie line trains do not operate. Operating hours were from roughly 5:00 am to 1:00 am, extending to 3:00 am on Saturday and Sunday mornings. The Armadale line

4675-416: The expansion of the existing rail network into the northern suburbs, however this recommendation was not implemented in the 1963 Metropolitan Region Scheme . Commencing with the 1970 Corridor Plan , successive government reports throughout the 1970s had recommended the closure of the existing rail lines and their replacement with bus services, but these recommendations were not acted on by the government at

4760-416: The former BR 's Regional Railways , France's TER ( Transport express régional ), Germany's Regionalexpress and Regionalbahn , and South Korea's Tonggeun and Mugunghwa-ho services. In some European countries, the distinction between commuter trains and long-distance/intercity trains is subtle, due to the relatively short distances involved. For example, so-called " intercity " trains in Belgium and

4845-400: The frequency of Midland line services. On 2 July 1980, a redeveloped Kelmscott station opened, with a bus interchange on the station platform. This was an early example of a bus-train interchange that would become commonplace on the Yanchep and Mandurah lines that were constructed later. Transperth was adopted as the Metropolitan Transport Trust 's trading name in 1986. The Armadale line

4930-409: The government reiterated its intention to closure the railway on 2 September. This leads to a formal request in August from the railway unions for a parliamentary inquiry, which was denied. On 6 August, Friends of the Railway was the recipient of leaked internal documents from Westrail . These documents indicated that the Department of Transport had suppressed reports suggesting that electrification of

5015-495: The government taking a firm position on the railway closure the Opposition under Brian Burke promised to reopen the line if Labor won the election. The Labor opposition won the 1983 state government election , entering government for the first time since 1974. In May of the same year Cabinet agreed to honour their election commitment to reopen the Fremantle railway. On 29 July 1983, the Fremantle rail reopened with passenger numbers restored to their pre-1979 levels. At this point

5100-415: The line has been closed from Victoria Park station to Armadale for the Victoria Park-Canning Level Crossing Removal Project and Byford extension. The Armadale line originated from suburban services along the South Western Railway in the 1890s. Suburban services were extended over the first half of the 20th century to eventually reach Armadale station. Diesel services commenced in 1954, which allowed for

5185-439: The line was viable. This contradicted the position of the government. The Minister initially denied the existence of the report, before acknowledging it the next day when photographic evidence was printed by the Daily News . On 17 August, it was alleged that the Government disrupted a public Friends of the Railway meeting at the Cottesloe Civic Centre by bussing in Liberal party members to stifle debate. Later in August,

SECTION 60

#1732791390136

5270-502: The northern region of Peninsular Malaysia. In Thailand, the Greater Bangkok Commuter rail and the Airport Rail Link serve the Bangkok Metropolitan Region . The SRT Red Lines , a new commuter line in Bangkok, started construction in 2009. It opened in 2021. Another commuter rail system in Southeast Asia is the Yangon Circular Railway in Myanmar . In India, commuter rail systems are present in major cities and form an important part of people's daily lives. Mumbai Suburban Railway ,

5355-889: The number expected to rise even higher upon full completion of the Acharnes Railway Center . Eskişehir-Ankara and Konya-Ankara high speed train routes serve as high speed commuter trains in Turkey. Commuter/suburban trains are usually optimized for maximum passenger volume, in most cases without sacrificing too much comfort and luggage space, though they seldom have all the amenities of long-distance trains. Cars may be single- or double-level , and aim to provide seating for all. Compared to intercity trains, they have less space, fewer amenities and limited baggage areas. Commuter rail trains are usually composed of multiple units , which are self-propelled, bidirectional, articulated passenger rail cars with driving motors on each (or every other) bogie . Depending on local circumstances and tradition they may be powered either by diesel engines located below

5440-417: The oldest suburban rail system in Asia, carries more than 7.24 million commuters on a daily basis which constitutes more than half of the total daily passenger capacity of the Indian Railways itself. Kolkata Suburban Railway , one of the largest suburban railway networks in the world, consists of more than 450 stations and carries more than 3.5 million commuters per day. The Chennai Suburban Railway along with

5525-432: The opening of more stations closer together. Electrification occurred in the early 1990s, and in 2005, the Thornlie line opened as a branch of the Armadale line south of Beckenham . Since 20 November 2023, the Armadale line between Victoria Park and Armadale stations has been shut down for 18 months. The line is expected to re-open in mid-2025. Before the shutdown, Armadale line services ran at four trains per hour during

5610-462: The other lines, which had trains every 20 minutes. Suburban development in Perth's southeast corridor rapidly increased following the adoption of the Metropolitan Region Scheme in 1961 and the Corridor Plan for Perth in 1970. Kingsley (now Sherwood ) and Challis stations both opened in 1973 between Kelmscott and Armadale stations. Only upon the 1979 closure of the Fremantle line was there enough rolling stock for Armadale line services to reach

5695-423: The other, the Northern line continues out of the city centre to a mainline rail interchange, while the Wirral line has a city-centre loop. 1979%E2%80%931983 Fremantle railway line closure The railway passenger service between Perth and Fremantle was closed from 2 September 1979 to 29 July 1983 by the Charles Court government of Western Australia . The closure was deeply unpopular and became

5780-581: The outer reaches of Greater Tokyo through operating into these lines to form a high frequency corridor though central Tokyo. Other commuter rail routes in Japan include: Commuter rail systems have been inaugurated in several cities in China such as Beijing , Shanghai , Zhengzhou , Wuhan , Changsha and the Pearl River Delta . With plans for large systems in northeastern Zhejiang , Jingjinji , and Yangtze River Delta areas. The level of service varies considerably from line to line ranging high to near high speeds. More developed and established lines such as

5865-423: The passenger compartment ( diesel multiple units ) or by electricity picked up from third rails or overhead lines ( electric multiple units ). Multiple units are almost invariably equipped with control cabs at both ends, which is why such units are so frequently used to provide commuter services, due to the associated short turn-around time. Locomotive hauled services are used in some countries or locations. This

5950-455: The railway closure the government justified the policy as part of an overall investment in public transport and promised that it would be subject to review with three years. The continuation of freight services ensured that the railway line remained operational and so, in spite of a clear swing to Labor, the government won the 1980 election . Over the next three years, the replacement bus services failed to attract comparable passenger numbers to

6035-552: The rest of the day, with regional rail being used to refer to systems that offer all-day service. Most commuter (or suburban) trains are built to main line rail standards, differing from light rail or rapid transit (metro rail) systems by: Compared to rapid transit (or metro rail), commuter/suburban rail often has lower frequency , following a schedule rather than fixed intervals, and fewer stations spaced further apart. They primarily serve lower density suburban areas (non inner-city), generally only having one or two stops in

6120-670: The rest of the line will resume in 2025 when the Armadale Line Shutdown is completed. Transperth train services are operated by the PTA's Transperth Train Operations division. Before the start of the shutdown, Armadale line trains operated at four trains per hour during the day, rising to seven trains per hour during peak . At night, frequencies reduced to every half an hour, and every hour late at night. Armadale line trains typically stopped at all stations between Armadale and Cannington and skipped most stations between Cannington and Perth, with

6205-540: The same right-of-way can drastically reduce system construction costs. However, frequently they are built with dedicated tracks within that right-of-way to prevent delays, especially where service densities have converged in the inner parts of the network. Most such trains run on the local standard gauge track. Some systems may run on a narrower or broader gauge. Examples of narrow gauge systems are found in Japan, Indonesia , Malaysia , Thailand , Taiwan, Switzerland, in

6290-538: The side of each car. These trains are all primarily stored at Claisebrook depot . The Armadale and Thornlie lines combined are the third most patronised Transperth lines, after the Mandurah line and the Yanchep line . The two lines combined received 3,878,183 boardings in the year to June 2024. Suburban rail The term can refer to systems with a wide variety of different features and service frequencies, but

6375-491: The time. Successive state governments had reduced investment in both passenger and freight rail services over the same period of time with the Court government accelerating the closure of regional services in the late 1970s. This included Albany and Mullewa passenger services in 1976 and 1978 respectively and various freighting services over the same period. Dependent as they were on aging railway stock (some of which dated to

6460-461: The towns closer to Kowloon. They use rolling stocks with a faster maximum speed and have longer stop spacing compared to other lines which only run in the inner urban area, but in order to maximise capacity and throughput, these rolling stocks have longitudinal seatings, 5 pairs of doors in each carriage with large standing spaces like the urban lines, and run as frequent as well. Most of the sections of these four lines are overground and some sections of

6545-515: The train from either end. The motive power for locomotive-hauled commuter trains may be either electric or diesel–electric , although some countries, such as Germany and some of the former Soviet-bloc countries, also use diesel–hydraulic locomotives. In the US and some other countries, a three-and-two seat plan is used. Middle seats on these trains are often less popular because passengers feel crowded and uncomfortable. In Japan, South Korea and Indonesia, longitudinal (sideways window-lining) seating

6630-553: The trains can be full with commuters standing. The Athens Suburban Railway in Greece consists of five lines, 4 of which are electrified. The Kiato – Piraeus line and the Aigio – Airport lines reach speeds of up to 180 km/h (112 mph). The Athens – Chalcis line is also expected to attain speeds of up to 200 km/h (124 mph) upon upgrading of the SKA–Oinoi railway sector. These lines also have many daily commuters, with

6715-521: The trains run between two or several cities (e.g. S-Bahn in the Ruhr area of Germany). Distances between stations may vary, but are usually much longer than those of urban rail systems. In city centres the train either has a terminal station or passes through the city centre with notably fewer station stops than those of urban rail systems. Toilets are often available on-board trains and in stations. Their ability to coexist with freight or intercity services in

6800-469: The travel time to distant locations, often using station passing loops instead of dedicated express tracks. It is notable that the larger Japanese commuter rail systems are owned and operated by for-profit private railway companies, without public subsidy. East Japan Railway Company operates a large suburban train network in Tokyo with various lines connecting the suburban areas to the city center. While

6885-574: The type of train, amenities offered, and stopping pattern, usually tell the services apart. Russian commuter trains , on the other hand, frequently cover areas larger than Belgium itself, although these are still short distances by Russian standards. They have a different ticketing system from long-distance trains, and in major cities they often operate from a separate section of the train station. Some consider "inter-city" service to be that which operates as an express service between two main city stations, bypassing intermediate stations. However, this term

6970-470: The way inter-city rail does. Regional rail operates outside major cities. Unlike Inter-city, it stops at most or all stations between cities. It provides a service between smaller communities along the line that are often byproducts of ribbon developments , and also connects with long-distance services at interchange stations located at junctions, terminals, or larger towns along the line. Alternative names are "local train" or "stopping train". Examples include

7055-518: The way to Bunbury. By 1900, there were three daily suburban return services from Perth to Cannington , with Kelmscott and Armadale considered to be country towns, which were served by the daily train to and from Bunbury. By 1906, there were suburban services along the South Western Railway as far as Maddington . Seaforth station opened on 4 May 1948 as the line's first new station in several decades. Diesel railcars, starting with

7140-561: Was electrified in the early 1990s, with the electric Transperth A-series trains entering service in September 1991. Stokely station was closed on 16 April 1989 as it was the Armadale line's least used station and it was close to Maddington station . Closing Lathlain station was proposed as well, but it remained open during electrification. In 2003, the Public Transport Authority was formed to take over from WAGR and

7225-568: Was unviable in a City of less than 3 million residents and recommended as such to the government. In May 1979, the Court government announced the imminent cessation of passenger railway services along the Fremantle line and the replacement of public transport services with a fleet of articulated buses . Some rolling stock was to be transferred to the Armadale and Midland lines, with a review of

#135864