Confucianism Persons
21-447: Asian Philosophy may refer to: Eastern philosophy - philosophy originating and traditionally practiced in the countries of South and East Asia (more correct in plural: Asian/Eastern philosophies Asian Philosophy (journal) , a quarterly journal published by Taylor and Francis Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
42-566: A distinct form. The Three Kingdoms of Korea introduced Buddhism to Japan, from where it was popularized in the West. Today, Korean Buddhism consists mostly of the Seon lineage, which is derivative of the Chan ( Zen ) Buddhism of China and precursor to Zen Buddhism known in the West through Japan. Buddhist temples can be found in most parts of Korea and many are considered national treasures . One of
63-767: A fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no single founder. Some of the earliest surviving philosophical texts are the Upanishads of the later Vedic period (1000–500 BCE) . Important Indian philosophical concepts include dharma , karma , samsara , moksha , and ahimsa . Indian philosophers developed a system of epistemological reasoning ( pramana ) and logic and investigated topics such as Ontology ( metaphysics , Brahman - Atman , Sunyata - Anatta ), reliable means of knowledge ( epistemology , Pramanas ), value system ( axiology ) and other topics. Indian philosophy also covered topics such as political philosophy as seen in
84-707: A totality of world view . Some aspects of Shamanism , Buddhism , and Neo-Confucianism were integrated into Korean philosophy. Traditional Korean thought has been influenced by a number of religious and philosophical thought-systems over the years. As the main influences on life in Korea , often Korean Shamanism , Korean Taoism , Korean Buddhism , Korean Confucianism and Silhak movements have shaped Korean life and thought. From 20th century, various Western philosophical thoughts have strongly influenced on Korean academia, politics, and daily life. Korean Buddhist thinkers refined ideas originally introduced from China into
105-461: Is a categorization of distinct intellectual or philosophical points of view, rather than a rigid, common set of beliefs. Hinduism, with about one billion followers is the world's third-largest religion , after Christianity and Islam . Hinduism has been called the " oldest religion " in the world and is traditionally called Sanātana Dharma , "the eternal law " or the "eternal way"; beyond human origins. Western scholars regard Hinduism as
126-1257: Is the Yoga sutras (c. 400 CE). Elements of proto-Samkhya ideas can, however, be traced back to the period of the early Upanishads . One of the main differences between the two closely related schools was that Yoga allowed for the existence of a God, while most Sāmkhya thinkers criticized this idea. Korean philosophy Confucianism Persons Topics Neo Confucianism New Confucianism Daoism Persons Topics Legalism Mohism Military and Strategy Han Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism Maoism General topics Vedic philosophy Mimamsa Vedanta Samkhya Yoga Nyaya Navya-Nyāya Vaisheshika Nāstika (heterodox) Tamil Other General topics Jainism Buddhism Traditions Topics Japanese Buddhism Japanese Confucianism Kokugaku Modern Thought Statism Kyoto School Korean Buddhism Korean Confucianism Persons Topics Donghak Modern Thought Persons Topics Korean philosophy focuses on
147-629: The Arthashastra c. 4th century BCE and the philosophy of love as seen in the Kama Sutra . The Kural literature of the post- Sangam period between c. 1st century BCE and 5th century CE, written by the Tamil poet-philosopher Valluvar , is believed by many scholars to be based on Jain or Hindu philosophies. Later developments include the development of Tantra and Iranian-Islamic influences. Buddhism mostly disappeared from India after
168-643: The Indian subcontinent . Hinduism may have roots dating back to the times of the Indus Valley civilization . The major orthodox schools arose sometime between the start of the Common Era and the Gupta Empire . These Hindu schools developed what has been called the "Hindu synthesis" merging orthodox Brahmanical and unorthodox elements from Buddhism and Jainism . Hindu thought also spread east to
189-716: The Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent , surviving in the Himalayan regions and south India. The early modern period saw the flourishing of Navya-Nyāya (the 'new reason') under philosophers such as Raghunatha Siromani (c. 1460–1540) who founded the tradition, Jayarama Pancanana , Mahadeva Punatamakara and Yashovijaya (who formulated a Jain response). The principal Indian philosophical schools are classified as either orthodox or heterodox – āstika or nāstika – depending on one of three alternate criteria: whether it believes
210-616: The Vedas are a valid source of knowledge; whether the school believes in the premises of Brahman and Atman ; and whether the school believes in afterlife and Devas . There are six major schools of orthodox Indian Hindu philosophy — Nyaya , Vaisheshika , Samkhya , Yoga , Mīmāṃsā and Vedanta , and five major heterodox schools— Jain , Buddhist , Ajivika , Ajñana , and Cārvāka . However, there are other methods of classification; Vidyaranya for instance identifies sixteen schools of Hindu Indian philosophy by including those that belong to
231-555: The Śaiva and Raseśvara traditions. Each school of Hindu philosophy has extensive epistemological literature called Pramana -sastras . In Hindu history , the distinction of the six orthodox schools was current in the Gupta period "golden age" of Hinduism. With the disappearance of Vaisheshika and Mīmāṃsā, it became obsolete by the later Middle Ages, when the various sub-schools of Vedanta ( Dvaita "dualism", Advaita Vedanta "non-dualism" and others) began to rise to prominence as
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#1732787037336252-642: The Indonesian Srivijaya empire and the Cambodian Khmer Empire . These religio-philosophical traditions were later grouped under the label Hinduism . Hinduism is the dominant religion, or way of life, in South Asia . It includes Shaivism , Vaishnavism , and Shaktism among numerous other traditions , and a wide spectrum of laws and prescriptions of "daily morality" based on karma , dharma , and societal norms. Hinduism
273-563: The crowning phase of East Asian neo-Confucianism by exhibiting dialectical dexterity in articulating the concepts of i and ki, left unclarified by the Chinese. Toegye also developed the neo-Confucianist concept of single-mindedness (kyung), which was a manifestation of his unequivocal humanism, as shown by his total rejection of the Mandate of Heaven (chunmyung), which still had a hold on the Chinese, including Chu Hsi. Toegye's kyung synthesized
294-567: The four beginnings (sadan), and the seven feelings (ch'ilchong); with the division of the Joseon Confucianists into two leading schools: one on "force" and one on "principles". The philosopher Hwadam ( Suh Kyungduk, 1489–1546 ) moved to integrate i and ki and spoke of Great Harmony (taehwa). In the Four–Seven Debate with Ki Daesung, Toegye ( Yi Hwang, 1501 – 70 ), while being still dualistic, broke away from Chu Hsi by espousing
315-494: The main divisions of religious philosophy. Nyaya survived into the 17th century as Navya Nyaya "Neo-Nyaya", while Samkhya gradually lost its status as an independent school, its tenets absorbed into Yoga and Vedanta. Sāmkhya is a dualist philosophical tradition based on the Samkhyakarika (c. 320–540 CE), while the Yoga school was a closely related tradition emphasizing meditation and liberation whose major text
336-484: The military dictatorships and chaos of the preceding era. Transition in this era was from Buddhism to a soldierly approach to Neo-Confucianism. Much work was done, especially on commentaries, and the Chu Hsi school represented indeed the golden age of Korean religious philosophy. Metaphysical research at this time investigated the theological relations between principle (i) and material/vital force (ki), and between as well
357-479: The most substantial influences in Korean intellectual history was the introduction of Confucian thought as part of the cultural exchange from China . Today the legacy of Confucianism remains a fundamental part of Korean society , shaping the moral system, the way of life, social relations between old and young, and high culture, and even survived the modernization of the legal system . This dynasty arose out of
378-634: The primeval Korean sense of supreme-efforts-come-earnest-devotion (chisung) with the Confucianist notion of holding fast to mind (jik-yung); he advocated self-efforts for creating a meaningful life. In particular, his concept of single-mindedness had a lasting influence on the Japanese neo-Confucianists of the Tokugawa period. Every major Korean neo-Confucianist shared Toegye's preoccupation with single-mindedness, which signalled new stress on praxis in
399-720: The reciprocal emanation (hobal) of i and ki: with the Four, ki follows i when i becomes emanant; with the Seven, when ki becomes emanant, i 'rides' ki. Though he was critical of Toegye's idea that ki follows i as being dualistic, Yulgok (Yi I, 1536 – 84 ) nevertheless embraced his notion that i 'rides' ki: only ki is emanant and i moves its emanation; i and ki are 'neither two things nor one thing', as evidenced by 'wondrous fusion' (myohap). For Yulgok, original nature (i) and physical nature (ki) coalesce into one human nature. Toegye and Yulgok, whose thoughts culminated in an irenic fusionism, constituted
420-1359: The title Asian Philosophy . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asian_Philosophy&oldid=903171891 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Eastern philosophy Topics Neo Confucianism New Confucianism Daoism Persons Topics Legalism Mohism Military and Strategy Han Buddhism Tibetan Buddhism Maoism General topics Vedic philosophy Mimamsa Vedanta Samkhya Yoga Nyaya Navya-Nyāya Vaisheshika Nāstika (heterodox) Tamil Other General topics Jainism Buddhism Traditions Topics Japanese Buddhism Japanese Confucianism Kokugaku Modern Thought Statism Kyoto School Korean Buddhism Korean Confucianism Persons Topics Donghak Modern Thought Persons Topics Eastern philosophy (also called Asian philosophy or Oriental philosophy ) includes
441-624: The various philosophies that originated in East and South Asia , including Chinese philosophy , Japanese philosophy , Korean philosophy , and Vietnamese philosophy ; which are dominant in East Asia, and Indian philosophy (including Hindu philosophy , Jain philosophy , Buddhist philosophy ), which are dominant in South Asia , Southeast Asia , Tibet , and Mongolia . Indian philosophy refers to ancient philosophical traditions ( Sanskrit : dárśana ; 'world views', 'teachings') of
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