101-681: Acer Aspire One is a line of netbooks first released in July 2008 by Acer Inc. Many characteristics of a particular model of Acer Aspire One are dictated by the CPU platform chosen. Initial models were based on the Intel Atoms. Later, models with various AMD chips were introduced. Newer versions of the Atom were adopted as well. Early versions were based on the Intel Atom platform, which consists of
202-498: A FAT16 partition (must be the first partition) on the hard drive. The A110 model ships with an 8 GB or 16 GB solid-state drive (SSD), although some models do not come with one. Early 8 GB models come with the Intel Z-P230, model SSDPAMM0008G1. This SSD has been criticized for its slow read and write speed. Intel lists the drive's maximum speeds as 38 MB/s read and 10 MB/s write. Later models come with
303-426: A USB external DVD drive or PXE boot network install. Windows 7 Starter is installed by default on models with a name starting in D such as D255E and D257 as well as other later Aspire models. Models with names starting in L , or ending in A followed by a letter for color, are shipped with Linpus Linux Lite, which is based on Fedora 8. This offers a simplified user interface, with default applications like
404-402: A bug is found, including examining the entire source tree for the same and similar issues, "try[ing] to find out whether the documentation ought to be amended", and investigating whether "it's possible to augment the compiler to warn against this specific problem." The OpenBSD website features a prominent reference to the system's security record. Until June 2002, it read: Five years without
505-501: A line of netBook products that was later released in 1999. International trademarks were issued (including U.S. Trademark 75,215,401 and EUTM 000428250 ) but the models failed to gain popularity and are now discontinued (except for providing accessories, maintenance and support to existing users). Similar marks were recently rejected by the USPTO citing a "likelihood of confusion" under section 2(d). Despite expert analysis that
606-465: A netbook running OS X a " Hackintosh ." A June 2009 NPD study found that 60% of netbook buyers never take their netbooks out of the house. Special "children's" editions of netbooks have been released under Disney branding; their low cost (less at risk), lack of DVD player (less to break) and smaller keyboards (closer to children's hand sizes) are viewed as significant advantages for that target market. The principal objection to netbooks in this context
707-634: A new market segment for Windows devices, whilst ensuring that the devices did not cannibalize the sales of higher-end PCs running Windows Vista . In 2009, over 90% (96% claimed by Microsoft as of February 2009) of netbooks in the United States were estimated to ship with Windows XP. For Windows 7 , Microsoft introduced a new stripped-down edition intended for netbooks known as "Starter", exclusively for OEMs. In comparison to Home Premium, Starter has reduced multimedia functionality, does not allow users to change their desktop wallpaper or theme, disables
808-398: A new one from scratch. OpenBSD has its own NTPd, SMTPd and, more recently, HTTPd. They work great". As a result, OpenBSD is relatively prolific in creating components that become widely reused by other systems. OpenBSD runs nearly all of its standard daemons within chroot and privsep security structures by default, as part of hardening the base system. The Calgary Internet Exchange
909-574: A remote hole in the default install! In June 2002, Mark Dowd of Internet Security Systems disclosed a bug in the OpenSSH code implementing challenge–response authentication . This vulnerability in the OpenBSD default installation allowed an attacker remote access to the root account, which was extremely serious not only to OpenBSD, but also to the large number of other operating systems that were using OpenSSH by that time. This problem necessitated
1010-470: A result of consumers favoring tablets and Ultrabooks over netbooks. The line was originally manufactured for Acer Inc. by Quanta Computer ; Quanta was phased out as a supplier to Acer, and production of the Acer Aspire One line shifted to other manufacturers in 2009. Also starting in 2009, eSobi Inc. partnered with Acer to preload the eSobi News Center on Acer Aspire One netbooks beginning in
1111-514: A screen size of about 10 inches, intended primarily for media consumption and light productivity." Although some manufacturers directly blamed competition from the iPad, some analysts pointed out that larger, fully fledged laptops had entered the price range of netbooks at about the same time. The 11.6-inch MacBook Air , introduced in late 2010, compared favorably to many netbooks in terms of processing power but also ergonomics, at 2.3 pounds being lighter than some 10-inch netbooks, owing in part to
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#17328014353051212-469: A significant part of them are "useless at best and based on pure luck and superstition", arguing for a more rational approach when it comes to designing them. Many open source projects started as components of OpenBSD, including: Some subsystems have been integrated into other BSD operating systems, and many are available as packages for use in other Unix-like systems. Linux administrator Carlos Fenollosa commented on moving from Linux to OpenBSD that
1313-573: A simplified user interface geared towards consumer use. Following the Eee PC, Everex launched its Linux-based CloudBook ; Windows XP and Windows Vista models were also introduced and MSI released the Wind —others soon followed suit. The OLPC project followed the same market goals laid down by the eMate 300 eight years earlier. Known for its innovation in producing a durable, cost- and power-efficient netbook for developing countries , it
1414-439: A song. OpenBSD is known for its high-quality documentation. When OpenBSD was created, De Raadt decided that the source code should be available for anyone to read. At the time, a small team of developers generally had access to a project's source code. Chuck Cranor and De Raadt concluded this practice was "counter to the open source philosophy" and inconvenient to potential contributors. Together, Cranor and De Raadt set up
1515-470: A tab to select Windows. The Android-x86 OS has limited apps available to it. It is possible to install FreeDOS on even the earliest models. Some peripherals, like a USB mouse or Ethernet port, will not be detected by the standard setup and may require manual tweaking. There are exceptions - the Aspire One ZG5 will not boot DOS directly. A workaround is to boot DOS from a USB drive first to access
1616-609: A talk at the CCC as well as DEF CON , entitled "Are all BSDs created equally? — A survey of BSD kernel vulnerabilities", in which he stated that although OpenBSD was the clear winner of the BSDs in terms of security, "Bugs are still easy to find in those kernels, even in OpenBSD". Two years later, in 2019, a talk named "A systematic evaluation of OpenBSD's mitigations" was given at the CCC, arguing that while OpenBSD has some effective mitigations,
1717-890: A traditional desktop interface and a platform allowing "native" packaged software written in HTML , JavaScript , and CSS to be developed for the platform. Netbooks have sparked the development of several Linux variants or completely new distributions, which are optimized for small screen use and the limited processing power of the Atom or ARM processors which typically power netbooks. Examples include Ubuntu Netbook Edition , EasyPeasy , Joli OS and MeeGo . Both Joli OS and MeeGo purport to be "social oriented" or social networking operating systems rather than traditional "office work production" operating systems. Netbook users can also install other UNIX-based operating systems such as FreeBSD , NetBSD , OpenBSD , and Darwin . Since 2010, major netbook manufacturers no longer install or support Linux in
1818-551: A typical weight of about 1 kg ( 2.2 pounds ), and were often significantly less expensive than other laptops . Soon after their appearance, netbooks grew in size and features, and converged with smaller laptops and subnotebooks until the specifications were so similar that there was little distinction between the devices. At their peak, the low cost gave them a significant portion of the laptop computer market. When Windows 7 released, netbook manufacturers had to increase specifications in order for their devices to run it. This had
1919-521: Is also an SD/ SDHC storage expansion slot on all models for additional storage (the 533 model does not support SDHC as verified by Acer support UK). On Linux versions this automatically expands the space of the SSD or HDD using aufs . Windows XP models treat it as a normal removable drive. Some models have a second slot that functions as a standard multi-in-1 flash memory card reader. The 110 BIOS does not allow one to boot an operating system from this slot, but
2020-417: Is based on the original SSH . It first appeared in OpenBSD 2.6 and is now by far the most popular SSH client and server, available on many operating systems. The project has a policy of continually auditing source code for problems, work that developer Marc Espie has described as "never finished ... more a question of process than of a specific bug being hunted." He went on to list several typical steps once
2121-499: Is continuous, and team management is open and tiered. Anyone with appropriate skills may contribute, with commit rights being awarded on merit and De Raadt acting as coordinator. Two official releases are made per year, with the version number incremented by 0.1, and these are each supported for twelve months (two release cycles). Snapshot releases are also available at frequent intervals. Maintenance patches for supported releases may be applied using syspatch , manually or by updating
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#17328014353052222-532: Is divided into small sections and each section is encrypted with its own key, ensuring that sensitive data does not leak into an insecure part of the system. OpenBSD randomizes various behaviors of applications, making them less predictable and thus more difficult to attack. For example, PIDs are created and associated randomly to processes; the bind system call uses random port numbers ; files are created with random inode numbers; and IP datagrams have random identifiers. This approach also helps expose bugs in
2323-507: Is hard to determine how widely OpenBSD is used, because the developers do not publish or collect usage statistics. In September 2005, the BSD Certification Group surveyed 4330 individual BSD users, showing that 32.8% used OpenBSD, behind FreeBSD with 77%, ahead of NetBSD with 16.3% and DragonFly BSD with 2.6% . However, the authors of this survey clarified that it is neither "exhaustive" nor "completely accurate", since
2424-517: Is not supported by Apple or Acer. FreeBSD v. 8.2 is known to run on the Acer Aspire One, although some limitations apply: lid close not starting a hibernate, and power management which works to a very limited degree. OpenBSD releases ranging from 4.4 to 6.4 are known to run on some of the many models of Aspire One, with some limitations based on BIOS and other variations. Some models are dual boot (e.g. D250, D260), with Android 1.6 and Windows 7 Starter. The computer boots up into Android first, with
2525-481: Is now facing competition. Developing countries now have a large choice of vendors, from which they can choose which low-cost netbook they prefer. By late 2008, netbooks began to take market share away from notebooks . It was more successful than earlier "mini notebooks," most likely because of lower cost and greater compatibility with mainstream laptops. Having peaked at about 20% of the portable computer market, netbooks started to slightly lose market share (within
2626-466: Is one of the distinguishing features of the device. There have been reports of some AO751h units randomly freezing , which has led to recalls in Denmark. Some users have reported that having their motherboards replaced by Acer solved the problem and Acer officially reporting that the fix is to install an updated BIOS. The 8.9" models have an improperly designed speaker location that causes vibration to
2727-562: Is possible to install and run other Linux distributions on the Acer Aspire One, and some specially customised Linux distributions have been designed to offer out-of-the-box functionality . These include: Other distributions of the Linux operating system will also run, such as: Through the OSx86 project, an Aspire One can boot and run a modified version of Mac OS X , including iAtkos , iDeneb , "XxX" and Kalyway distributions. This procedure
2828-566: Is powered by Intel Atom N450 or dual-core Intel Atom N550, with up to 2 GB RAM and Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 3150. There is also a 3G version for proper portability, with each model measuring 24 mm thick and weighing 1.25 kg with a six-cell battery pack. In mid–2011, the "Acer Aspire One Happy 2" line was released. This model may have bluetooth on board. It seems that some countries ship this newer model with bluetooth while others do not. This seems to depend which wireless card they shipped with, some can in fact be replaced as
2929-494: Is regarded as one of the major factors that led more top computer hardware manufacturers to begin creating low-cost netbooks for the consumer market. When the first Asus Eee PC sold over 300,000 units in four months, companies such as Dell and Acer took note and began producing their own inexpensive netbooks. And while the OLPC XO-1 targets a different audience than do the other manufacturers' netbooks, it appears that OLPC
3030-492: Is strongly recommended for end users, in contrast to operating systems that recommend user kernel customization. Packages outside the base system are maintained by CVS through a ports tree and are the responsibility of the individual maintainers, known as porters. As well as keeping the current branch up to date, porters are expected to apply appropriate bug-fixes and maintenance fixes to branches of their package for OpenBSD's supported releases. Ports are generally not subject to
3131-474: Is supported for one year. On 25 July 2007, OpenBSD developer Bob Beck announced the formation of the OpenBSD Foundation , a Canadian non-profit organization formed to "act as a single point of contact for persons and organizations requiring a legal entity to deal with when they wish to support OpenBSD." In 2024, it announced that the project has modified all files since the original import. It
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3232-544: Is the lack of good video performance for streaming online video in current netbooks and a lack of speed with even simple games. Adults browsing for text content are less dependent on video content than small children who cannot read. Netbooks offer several distinct advantages in educational settings. First, their compact size and weight make for an easy fit in student work areas. Similarly, their small size makes netbooks easier to transport than heavier, larger sized traditional laptops. In addition, prices ranging from $ 200–$ 600 mean
3333-475: The Firefox 2 browser, OpenOffice.org 2.3, Acer One Mail and Acer One Messenger available directly on the main screen. The default desktop environment has been designed to hide advanced features from the user and to prevent modification. It is possible to modify the system to present a more traditional Xfce 4 desktop, enable more advanced features such as context menus , or install additional software. It
3434-563: The IPsec codebase. De Raadt's response was skeptical of the report and he invited all developers to independently review the relevant code. In the weeks that followed, bugs were fixed but no evidence of backdoors was found. De Raadt stated "I believe that NetSec was probably contracted to write backdoors as alleged. If those were written, I don't believe they made it into our tree. They might have been deployed as their own product." In December 2017, Ilja van Sprundel, director at IOActive , gave
3535-504: The Intel Atom line, but some used competing processors from AMD , including netbook APUs , or VIA Technologies , including the C7 and Nano . Some very low-cost netbooks use a system-on-a-chip Vortex86 processor designed for embedded systems . A few netbooks used non-x86 processors based on ARM or MIPS architectures. Microsoft announced on April 8, 2008, that, despite
3636-577: The Intel Atom processor, Intel 945GSE Express chipset and Intel 82801GBM (ICH7M) I/O controller, and is available in several shell colors: seashell white, sapphire blue, golden brown, onyx black, and coral pink. Higher end models were released in June 2010 consisting of the AMD Athlon II Neo processor and ATI Radeon HD 4225 graphics controller. These are available in onyx black, antique brass, or mesh black shells depending on model. Also released
3737-575: The NetBSD project, was asked to resign from the NetBSD core team over disagreements and conflicts with the other members of the NetBSD team. In October 1995, De Raadt founded OpenBSD, a new project forked from NetBSD 1.0. The initial release, OpenBSD 1.2, was made in July 1996, followed by OpenBSD 2.0 in October of the same year. Since then, the project has issued a release every six months, each of which
3838-573: The Windows operating system to provide Unix-like functionality, use much of the OpenBSD code base that is included in the Interix interoperability suite, developed by Softway Systems Inc., which Microsoft acquired in 1999. Core Force, a security product for Windows, is based on OpenBSD's pf firewall . The pf firewall is also found in other operating systems: including FreeBSD , and macOS . OpenBSD ships with Xenocara , an implementation of
3939-407: The X Window System , and is suitable as a desktop operating system for personal computers , including laptops. As of September 2018 , OpenBSD includes approximately 8000 packages in its software repository , including desktop environments such as Lumina , GNOME , KDE Plasma , and Xfce , and web browsers such as Firefox and Chromium . The project also includes three window managers in
4040-489: The file system , prohibiting it from accessing areas that contain private or system files. Developers have applied these enhancements to OpenBSD versions of many common applications, such as tcpdump , file , tmux , smtpd , and syslogd . OpenBSD developers were instrumental in the creation and development of OpenSSH (aka OpenBSD Secure Shell), which is developed in the OpenBSD CVS repositories. OpenBSD Secure Shell
4141-412: The principle of least privilege , where a program is split into two or more parts, one of which performs privileged operations and the other—almost always the bulk of the code—runs without privilege. Privilege revocation is similar and involves a program performing any necessary operations with the privileges it starts with then dropping them. Chrooting involves restricting an application to one section of
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4242-666: The " Aero Glass " theme, and does not have support for multiple monitors. For Windows 8 , in a ploy to counter ChromeOS -based netbooks and low-end Android tablets, Microsoft began to offer no-cost Windows licenses to OEMs for devices with screens smaller than 9 inches in size. Additionally, Microsoft began to offer low-cost licenses for a variant of the operating system set up to use Microsoft's Bing search engine by default. Windows CE has also been used in netbooks, due to its reduced feature set. Google's Android software platform, designed for mobile telephone handsets, has been demonstrated on an ASUS Eee PC and its version of
4343-536: The "Digital Classroom Initiative". Students were given one unique coupon each, with which they redeemed the netbook of their choice, up to a €450 price ceiling, in participating shops throughout the country. These netbooks came bundled with localized versions of either Windows XP (or higher) or open source (e.g. Linux ) operating systems, wired and wireless networking functionality, antivirus protection, preactivated parental controls, and an educational software package. In 1996 Psion started applying for trademarks for
4444-476: The 150 BIOS is capable of booting from an SDHC card in the slot. (Note: with Linux, it is possible essentially to boot from HD or USB by using a /boot partition on the regular boot device and an initrd that loads the real OS from the slot). The Intel Atom platform has a specified maximum TDP of 11.8 W. Individual figures are 2.5 W for the N270 processor, 6 W for the 945GSE chipset and 3.3 W for
4545-417: The 82801GBM I/O controller. The AUO B089AW01 LCD panel is rated at a maximum power consumption of 3 W. Typical read–write power consumption for the SSD is around 0.3 W, and 0.01 W when idle. The different HDDs are rated at about 1.5–2.5 W for read–write operations and around 0.7 W when idle. The official ratings for the battery are up to 3 hours for the three cell, and up to 8 hours for
4646-595: The Acer Aspire One D270 have Windows 7 Home Basic pre-installed and have an Intel Atom N2800 1.86 GHz processor. Some more recent AOA's can be upgraded to 4 GB 1.5V RAM if they use DDR3 and the 64 bit CPU; though this is not a recommended upgrade path it works on the D270 -26Dbb and the modification was medium term stable on the test machine running x64 Windows 7 Home using SDR#. It is believed that many other inexpensive VT64x equipped DDR3 netbooks have
4747-645: The Acer Aspire One D270-26Ckk NU.SGAED.011 is running Linpus Linux and comes in an "espresso black" color. It also includes 2 GB of RAM, and a 320 GB hard drive. With Linux, this netbook becomes a bit faster than its Windows 7 counterpart. Although Intel specifies the maximum RAM capability of the N2600 as 2 GB, numerous users have reported a 4 GB SODIMM works well in the D270, with 2.99 GB reported usable by Windows 7 Home Premium 32 bit (after upgrading from Starter). Some models of
4848-553: The Aspire to fail the power-on self-test . Model 522, featuring the AMD Fusion C-50 chip, has been reported to work with 4 GB installed (although the included Windows 7 Starter edition has an artificially imposed 2 GB limit ). The AO751h has the larger 11.6" screen with an LED backlit display and a 1366x768 native resolution. It includes a 1 GB/667 MHz DDR2 533 MHz SDRAM memory option (2 GB being
4949-484: The BIOS should not be card specific. The functionality uses an internal USB bus on miniPCIe slot specification but not all have these pins connected. A good way to check is find a miniPCIe to USB3 card and see if the device is recognized or not. The Acer Aspire One D270 netbook is the first 10-inch Acer netbook to feature a 1.6 GHz Intel Atom N2600 dual core processor and running Windows 7 Starter 32-bit. The AOD270-1186,
5050-553: The Fn + F3 not working. Further investigation suggests that the issue may be BIOS corruption and replacing or reflashing the chip may well resolve it but as of yet this is untested. The D270 is known to have SPECTRE/Meltdown vulnerabilities but this may be patched at a later date with a third party BIOS. CNET editors' review has been positive, although held reservations as the Aspire One is early to market and many netbooks are planned for
5151-542: The Internet . Netbooks were sold from 2007 until around 2013, when the widespread advent of smartphones and tablets eclipsed their popularity. At their inception in late 2007, as smaller-than-typical laptop computers optimized for low weight and low cost, netbooks began appearing without certain then-standard laptop features (such as an optical drive ), and with less computing power than in full-sized laptops. They ranged in size from about 5" screen diagonal to 12", with
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#17328014353055252-512: The Linux operating system contains policies for mobile internet devices including the original Asus Eee PC 701. ASUS has allocated engineers to develop an Android-based netbook. In May 2009 a contractor of Dell announced it is porting Adobe Flash Lite to Android for Dell netbooks. Acer announced Android netbooks to be available in Q3/2009. In July 2009, a new project, Android-x86, was created to provide an open source solution for Android on
5353-542: The United Kingdom in December of the same year and were denoted by the letter G in their model number. The first generation Aspire One webcam is an Acer Labs International M5608 camera controller with attached 0.3 MP SuYin or 1.3 MP LiteOn CMOS sensor. Some models of the Aspire One use an Intel 945GSE chipset which only supports 2 GB of RAM. Installing memory modules larger than 2 GB has caused
5454-447: The United States. The reason for this change of stance is unclear, although it coincides with the availability of a 'netbook' version of Windows XP, and a later Windows 7 Starter and a strong marketing push for the adoption of this OS in the netbook market. However, companies targeting niche markets, such as System76 and ZaReason, continue to pre-install Linux on the devices they sell. The Cloud operating system attempted to capitalize on
5555-444: The adjustment of the slogan on the OpenBSD website to: One remote hole in the default install, in nearly 6 years! The quote remained unchanged as time passed, until on 13 March 2007, when Alfredo Ortega of Core Security Technologies disclosed a network-related remote vulnerability. The quote was subsequently changed to: Only two remote holes in the default install, in a heck of a long time! This statement has been criticized because
5656-849: The affordability of netbooks can be a relief to school budget makers. Despite the small size and price, netbooks are fully capable of accomplishing most school-related tasks, including word processing, presentations, access to the Internet, multimedia playback, and photo management. OpenBSD OpenBSD is a security-focused , free software , Unix-like operating system based on the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD). Theo de Raadt created OpenBSD in 1995 by forking NetBSD 1.0. The OpenBSD project emphasizes portability , standardization , correctness , proactive security , and integrated cryptography . The OpenBSD project maintains portable versions of many subsystems as packages for other operating systems. Because of
5757-572: The average netbook, as much as three or four times more. In 2011 tablet sales overtook netbooks for the first time, and in 2012 netbook sales fell by 25 percent, year-on-year. The sustained decline since 2010 had been most pronounced in the United States and in Western Europe, while Latin America was still showing some modest growth. In December 2011, Dell announced that it was exiting the netbook market. In May 2012, Toshiba announced it
5858-491: The basis of abandonment, genericness and fraud. They later revealed Psion's counter-suit against Intel , filed on February 27, 2009. It was also revealed around the same time that Intel had also sued Psion Teklogix (US & Canada) and Psion (UK) in the Federal Court on similar grounds. In addition to seeking cancellation of the trademark, Intel sought an order enjoining Psion from asserting any trademark rights in
5959-476: The category) in early 2010, coinciding with the appearance and success of the iPad . Technology commentator Ross Rubin argued two and a half years later in Engadget that "Netbooks never got any respect. While Steve Jobs rebuked the netbook at the iPad's introduction, the iPad owes a bit of debt to the little laptops. The netbook demonstrated the potential of an inexpensive, portable second computing device, with
6060-405: The default install contains few running services, and many use cases require additional services. Also, because the ports tree contains unaudited third-party software , it is easy for users to compromise security by installing or improperly configuring packages. However, the project maintains that the slogan is intended to refer to a default install and that it is correct by that measure. One of
6161-414: The effect of pushing netbooks into a market niche where they had few distinctive advantages over traditional laptops. With these constraints and the increasing popularity of tablet computers in 2011, it led to declining sales of netbooks. By the end of 2012, few new laptops were marketed as "netbooks", and the term disappeared from common usage. While Psion had unrelated netBook line of machines,
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#17328014353056262-433: The first public, anonymous revision control system server. De Raadt's decision allowed users to "take a more active role", and established the project's commitment to open access. OpenBSD is notable for its continued use of CVS (more precisely an unreleased, OpenBSD-managed fork named OpenCVS), when most other projects that used it have migrated to other systems. OpenBSD does not include closed source binary drivers in
6363-480: The first quarter of 2009. Windows XP Home Edition SP3 is installed on the models with a name ending in X , or ending in B followed by another letter denoting color. It is also possible to install and run Windows Vista or Windows 7 on the earlier model laptop. In high-end versions appearing during 2009, Windows Vista is pre-installed. The lack of a DVD-ROM drive requires creating a bootable USB flash drive (the on-board card reader slots are not bootable) using
6464-399: The focus of the OpenBSD project. OpenBSD includes numerous features designed to improve security, such as: To reduce the risk of a vulnerability or misconfiguration allowing privilege escalation , many programs have been written or adapted to make use of privilege separation , privilege revocation and chrooting . Privilege separation is a technique, pioneered on OpenBSD and inspired by
6565-426: The fundamental ideas behind OpenBSD is a drive for systems to be simple, clean, and secure by default. The default install is quite minimal, which the project states is to ensure novice users "do not need to become security experts overnight", which fits with open-source and code auditing practices considered important elements of a security system. Additional services are to be enabled manually to make users think of
6666-456: The impending end of retail availability for the operating system that June, it would continue to license low-cost copies of Windows XP Home Edition to OEMs through October 2010 (one year after the release of Windows 7 ) for what it defined as "ultra low-cost personal computers"—a definition carrying restrictions on screen size and processing power. The move served primarily to counter the use of low-cost Linux distributions on netbooks and create
6767-405: The integration of the flash storage chips on the main logic board. It was described as a superlative netbook (or at least as what a netbook should be) by several technology commentators, even though Apple has never referred to it as such, sometimes describing it—in the words of Steve Jobs —as "the third kind of notebook." The entry-level model had a MSRP of $ 999, costing significantly more than
6868-400: The internal hard drive, causing it to be problematic. The right speaker is especially prone to this. Audio frequencies around 1 kHz cause the hard drive to almost stop responding. Full volume MP3/audio playback easily causes these models to run extremely slowly, or crash because of unresponsive disk I/O. This problem also causes bad sectors, crashed hard drives and corrupt Windows partitions in
6969-466: The introduction of Chromebooks , major manufacturers produced the new laptops for the same segment of the market that netbooks serviced. Chromebooks, a variation on the network computer concept, in the form of a netbook, require internet connections for full functionality. Chromebooks became top selling laptops in 2014. The threat of Google ChromeOS based Chromebooks prompted Microsoft to revive and revamp netbooks with Windows 8.1 with Bing . HP re-entered
7070-537: The kernel and in user space programs. The OpenBSD policy on openness extends to hardware documentation: in the slides for a December 2006 presentation, De Raadt explained that without it "developers often make mistakes writing drivers", and pointed out that "the [oh my god, I got it to work] rush is harder to achieve, and some developers just give up." He went on to say that vendor-supplied binary drivers are unacceptable for inclusion in OpenBSD, that they have "no trust of vendor binaries running in our kernel" and that there
7171-412: The long term. Even sound from an external speaker with 1 kHz tone test causes this hard drive behaviour. SSD drives do not suffer from this problem. Workarounds identified are: listening to music at a lower volume, using only the left speaker, using a software equalizer to tone down the 1 kHz frequency, replacing the hard drive with an SSD, and trying to install soft sound dampening material around
7272-408: The main distribution: cwm , FVWM (part of the default configuration for Xenocara), and twm . OpenBSD features a full server suite and can be configured as a mail server , web server , FTP server , DNS server , router , firewall , NFS file server , or any combination of these. Since version 6.8, OpenBSD has also shipped with native in-kernel WireGuard support. Shortly after OpenBSD
7373-592: The mark is "probably generic ", Psion Teklogix issued cease and desist letters on December 23, 2008. This was heavily criticized, prompting the formation of the "Save the Netbooks" grassroots campaign which worked to reverse the Google AdWords ban, cancel the trademark and encourage continued generic use of the term. While preparing a "Petition for Cancellation" of U.S. Trademark 75,215,401 they revealed that Dell had submitted one day before on
7474-431: The maximum), a 160 GB HDD option, Bluetooth option, Intel northbridge US15W, and an OS option for Windows Vista Home Basic edition or Windows XP Media Center Edition. All AO751h units are powered by an Intel Atom Z520 processor running at 1330 MHz (or 1240 MHz in first version). The US15W system controller incorporates a GMA500 video core. The AO751h has a dual power (AC/DC) option. The six cell battery provides
7575-490: The minimalist aspect of netbooks. The user interface was limited to a browser application only. Mac OS X has been demonstrated running on various netbooks as a result of the OSx86 project, although this is in violation of the operating system's end-user license agreement . Apple has complained to sites hosting information on how to install OS X onto non-Apple hardware (including Wired and YouTube ) who have reacted and removed content in response. One article nicknamed
7676-473: The name OpenBSD refers to the availability of the operating system source code on the Internet , although the word "open" in the name OpenSSH means "OpenBSD". It also refers to the wide range of hardware platforms the system supports. OpenBSD supports a variety of system architectures including x86-64 , IA-32 , ARM , PowerPC , and 64-bit RISC-V . In December 1994, Theo de Raadt , a founding member of
7777-403: The near future. A The Tech Report (Techreport.com) review of the 751h, and the similar Gateway LT3103U , was generally positive, praising the notebooks' battery life but criticizing the large number of third-party software products preinstalled and running by default on the computers. Netbook A netbook is a small and inexpensive laptop designed primarily as a means of accessing
7878-865: The non-Chromebook netbook market with the Stream 11 in 2014. . In Australia, the New South Wales Department of Education and Training , in partnership with Lenovo , provided Year 9 (high school) students in government high schools with Lenovo S10e netbooks in 2009, Lenovo Mini 10 netbooks in 2010, Lenovo Edge 11 netbooks in 2011 and a modified Lenovo X130e netbook in 2012, each preloaded with software including Microsoft Office and Adobe Systems ' Creative Suite 4. These were provided under Prime Minister Kevin Rudd 's Digital Education Revolution, or DER. The netbooks ran Windows 7 Enterprise . These netbooks were secured with Computrace Lojack for laptops that
7979-522: The police can use to track the device if it is lost or stolen. The NSW DET retains ownership of these netbooks until the student graduates from Year 12, when the student can keep it. The Government of Trinidad and Tobago—Prime Minister Kamla Persad Bisseser—is also providing HP laptops to form 1 Students (11-year-olds) with the same police trackable software as above. Greece provided all 13-year-old students (middle school, or gymnasium , freshmen) and their teachers with netbooks in 2009 through
8080-533: The project's preferred BSD license, which allows binary redistributions without the source code, many components are reused in proprietary and corporate-sponsored software projects. The firewall code in Apple 's macOS is based on OpenBSD's PF firewall code, Android 's Bionic C standard library is based on OpenBSD code, LLVM uses OpenBSD's regular expression library, and Windows 10 uses OpenSSH (OpenBSD Secure Shell) with LibreSSL . The word "open" in
8181-532: The same capability but disabled for licensing reasons or due to the clock circuitry being unable to handle certain modules correctly resulting in system instability, that can be overcome using spdtool and slightly altering timing parameters. There are known issues with the WiFi in the D270 over time, which sometimes occur after the card is changed. Putting the OEM one back in does not resolve this problem and symptoms include
8282-583: The same continuous auditing as the base system due to lack of manpower. Binary packages are built centrally from the ports tree for each architecture. This process is applied for the current version, for each supported release, and for each snapshot. Administrators are recommended to use the package mechanism rather than build the package from the ports tree, unless they need to perform their own source changes. OpenBSD's developers regularly meet at special events called hackathons , where they "sit down and code", emphasizing productivity. Most new releases include
8383-623: The security implications first. On 11 December 2010, Gregory Perry, a former technical consultant for the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), emailed De Raadt alleging that the FBI had paid some OpenBSD ex-developers 10 years prior to insert backdoors into the OpenBSD Cryptographic Framework . De Raadt made the email public on 14 December by forwarding it to the openbsd-tech mailing list and suggested an audit of
8484-405: The six cell. Linpus Linux Lite has been optimized by Acer for lower power consumption. Battery life is shorter on HDD configurations with Windows XP, at approximately 2.5 hours for the three cell. Although the standard three cell battery is 2.2 Ah, some users have reported 2.4 Ah and 2.9 Ah batteries from the factory. Various suppliers online now carry aftermarket batteries, including
8585-499: The six cell. Aftermarket nine cell batteries are available though they are quite heavy, and also protrude out of the back, reducing the aesthetics but improving airflow. 48 Wh An Acer AOD model (10.1" screen) product comparison guide, in the form of a spreadsheet file download, is available from increa.com. Since November 2008 the 3G-enabled model Aspire One A150X-3G is available in Europe, while models with 3G modems began shipping in
8686-407: The slightly faster Samsung P-SSD 1800. The hard disk is a regular 2.5-in 5400 rpm SATA drive with 80, 120, 160, 250, 320, 500 or 750 GB. A number of different drives from different manufacturers have been reported to be included. Newer-model Aspire Ones take a 7 mm thick drive, as opposed to the usual 9.5 mm thickness that makes up most 2.5-inch form factor hard drives and SSDs. There
8787-523: The source tree, nor does it include code requiring the signing of non-disclosure agreements . According to the GNU Project , OpenBSD includes small "blobs" of proprietary object code as device firmware. Since OpenBSD is based in Canada, no United States export restrictions on cryptography apply, allowing the distribution to make full use of modern algorithms for encryption. For example, the swap space
8888-655: The speakers and the hard drive. The Acer Aspire One Happy is a 10.1 inch netbook with different operating systems: ( Android 2.1 and Windows 7 ). It was launched by Acer Inc. in November 2010. The computer is nearly identical to the Acer Aspire One D255. The main difference is that the Happy case comes in several different color options (comes in Candy pink, Lavender purple, Lime green and Hawaii blue). It
8989-892: The survey was spread mainly through mailing lists, forums and word of mouth. This combined with other factors, like the lack of a control group, a pre-screening process or significant outreach outside of the BSD community, makes the survey unreliable for judging BSD usage globally. OpenBSD features a robust TCP/IP networking stack, and can be used as a router or wireless access point . OpenBSD's security enhancements , built-in cryptography , and packet filter make it suitable for security purposes such as firewalls , intrusion-detection systems , and VPN gateways . Several proprietary systems are based on OpenBSD, including devices from Armorlogic (Profense web application firewall), Calyptix Security, GeNUA, RTMX, and .vantronix. Some versions of Microsoft 's Services for UNIX , an extension to
9090-534: The system against the patch branch of the CVS source repository for that release. Alternatively, a system administrator may opt to upgrade to the next snapshot release using sysupgrade , or by using the -current branch of the CVS repository, in order to gain pre-release access to recently added features. The sysupgrade tool can also upgrade to the latest stable release version. The generic OpenBSD kernel provided by default
9191-473: The system is faithful to the Unix philosophy of small, simple tools that work together well: "Some base components are not as feature-rich, on purpose. Since 99% of the servers don't need the flexibility of Apache, OpenBSD's httpd will work fine, be more secure, and probably faster". He characterized the developer community's attitude to components as: "When the community decides that some module sucks, they develop
9292-550: The term "netbook", a declarative judgment regarding their use of the term, attorneys' fees, costs and disbursements and "such other and further relief as the Court deems just and proper". On June 2, 2009, Psion announced that the suit had been settled out of court. Psion's statement said that the company was withdrawing all of its trademark registrations for the term "Netbook" and that Psion agreed to "waive all its rights against third parties in respect of past, current or future use" of
9393-832: The term. Netbooks typically have less powerful hardware than larger laptop computers and do not include an optical disc drive that contemporaneous laptop computers often had. Netbooks were some of the first machines to substitute solid-state storage devices, instead of the traditional hard disk drive commonly found on laptop and desktop computers at the time. This was due to solid-state drives being smaller, more power efficient, and more shock resistant. Unlike modern solid-state drives, these early models often did not offer better performance. Almost all netbooks supported Wi-Fi and some supported Mobile broadband . Some also include Ethernet and/or modems . Most netbooks used low-end, x86 processors focused on low power consumption. The majority of early netbooks typically used processors from
9494-478: The use of the broad marketing term "netbook", began in 2007 when Asus unveiled the Asus Eee PC . Originally designed for emerging markets, the 23 cm × 17 cm (9.1 in × 6.7 in) device weighed about 0.9 kg (2 lb) and featured a 7 in (18 cm) display, a keyboard approximately 85% the size of a normal keyboard, a solid-state drive and a custom version of Linux with
9595-470: The white models, feature an Intel Atom N2600 dual core processor with 1 MB L2 cache, 1.6 GHz processor and Hyper Threading technology. The AOD270-1410, the black model, features a 10.1 inch WSVGA LED-backlit display with CrystalBrite technology with a 17:10 aspect ratio and 1024 x 600 resolution display, 1 GB DDR3 SDRAM memory, a 320 GB 5400 rpm hard drive and integrated Intel GMA 3600 graphics with 64 MB dedicated memory. In Europe,
9696-523: The working time of about 8 hours. Besides the mentioned specifications of the AO751h it supports 10/100 Mbit/s Ethernet interface, 802.11g Wi-Fi card Atheros, Bluetooth 2.1, standard VGA-out jack, 3 USB 2.0 ports, a Memory Card reader 5:1 (xD-Picture Card, SD card), as well as Microphone In jack 3.5 mm (1/8" Mini), Headphone Out jack 3.5 mm (1/8" Mini). One of the cons is the relatively small TouchPad and mouse buttons. Large and comfortable keyboard
9797-508: The x86 platform, especially for netbooks. In 2011, Google introduced ChromeOS , a Linux-based operating system designed particularly for netbook-like devices marketed as " Chromebooks ". The platform is designed to leverage online services, cloud computing , and its namesake Chrome web browser as its shell —so much so that the operating system initially used a full screen web browser window as its interface, and contained limited offline functionality. Later versions of ChromeOS introduced
9898-517: Was a version of the Aspire One 521 with an AMD V105 processor running at 1.2 GHz, an ATI Radeon 4225 graphics controller, and equipped with a HDMI port. A range of later models were powered by AMD Brazos APUs (combined CPU/GPU chips). The AMD chips had much more powerful video capabilities but consumed more power. Its main competitor in the low-cost netbook market was the Asus Eee PC line. In January 2013, Acer officially ended production of their Aspire One series due to declining sales as
9999-438: Was created, De Raadt was contacted by a local security software company named Secure Networks (later acquired by McAfee ). The company was developing a network security auditing tool called Ballista, which was intended to find and exploit software security flaws. This coincided with De Raadt's interest in security, so the two cooperated leading up to the release of OpenBSD 2.3. This collaboration helped to define security as
10100-684: Was doing the same, at least in the United States. An August 2012 article by John C. Dvorak in PC Magazine claimed that the term "netbook" is "nearly gone from the lexicon already", having been superseded in the market place largely by the more powerful (and MacBook Air inspired) Ultrabook —described as "a netbook on steroids"—and to a lesser extent by tablets. In September 2012 Asus, Acer and MSI announced that they will stop manufacturing 10-inch netbooks. Simultaneously Asus announced they would stop developing all Eee PC products, instead focusing on their mixed tablet-netbook Transformer line. With
10201-475: Was formed in 2012, in part to serve the needs of the OpenBSD project. In 2017, Isotop, a French project aiming to adapt OpenBSD to desktops and laptops, using xfce then dwm , started to be developed. OpenBSD includes a number of third-party components , many with OpenBSD-specific patches, such as X.Org , Clang (the default compiler on several architectures ), GCC , Perl , NSD , Unbound , ncurses , GNU binutils , GDB , and AWK . Development
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