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64-565: The first school to introduce the scheme was Clifton College in Bristol , and the first pupils started in 1981. The numbers of places offered at each school varied considerably, from public schools Charterhouse and Stowe School with under 2% of pupils on roll to Batley Grammar School and the newly independent Wisbech Grammar School (one of the oldest schools in England), with about half of their annual intake as assisted places. By 1985,

128-665: A breathless hush in the Close to-night") Clifton College was one of the original 8 "Lord's Schools", who were entitled to play fixtures at Lord's against each other. These matches were Clifton v Tonbridge , Rugby v Marlborough , Cheltenham v Haileybury , and Eton v Harrow . The Clifton v Tonbridge fixture at Lord's was first played in 1914, but ceased to be played in the 1960s, along with most other Lord's Schools matches. Today, only Eton v Harrow continues to take place at Lord's. A centenary match took place in June 2014 to commemorate

192-596: A political scientist, won the prize in 2009. Similarly, Daniel Kahneman , a professor of psychology and public affairs at Princeton University , won the prize for work in the field of behavioral economics . Some critics argue that the prestige of the Prize in Economic Sciences derives in part from its association with the Nobel Prizes, an association that has often been a source of controversy. Among them

256-461: A prize", and that the association with the Nobel prizes is "a PR coup by economists to improve their reputation". Critics cite the apparent snub of Joan Robinson as evidence of the committee 's bias towards mainstream economics , though heterodox economists like Friedrich Hayek ( Austrian School ) and Ronald Coase (associated with new institutional economics ) have won. In his speech at

320-660: A result of the improvements in modern medicine, the Sanitorium in Worcester Road was unnecessarily large for the school's needs, and so the old pre-1921 Sanatorium on the Close has been refitted to serve this purpose, whilst the Worcester Road sanitorium has been refitted as the headmaster's house. More recently, in the latter 2000s, the Music School building in Guthrie Road was refurbished and extended. At

384-478: A small plaque on the side of the ceramics building. A number of famous cricketers are Clifton alumni. A fuller entry can be found under the List of Old Cliftonians , and includes: The college employs a master called "The Marshal", whose sole job is to enforce discipline, attendance at classes and other school rules (such as dress code, drinking, smoking and hair length) along with the general maintenance of safety of

448-657: Is administered and referred to along with the Nobel Prizes by the Nobel Foundation. Winners of the Prize in Economic Sciences are chosen in a similar manner as and announced alongside the Nobel Prize recipients, and receive the Prize in Economic Sciences at the Nobel Prize Award Ceremony. That the prize is not an original Nobel Prize has been a subject of controversy, with four of Nobel's relatives having formally distanced themselves from

512-849: Is allocated a school number – for masters and headmasters the number is prefixed with either an M or HM. The Register also maintains a record of the school roll in numbers, the Heads of School and summarises the major sporting records for each year. The Register, published by the Old Cliftonian Society, is in four volumes: First entries in the Register:- The early years (‘The spirit nourishes within’, from Virgil ’s Aeneid ) Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences , officially

576-552: Is referred to as the 'Upper School'. There are around 720 children in the Upper School of whom about a third are girls. At the start of the 2004 – 2005 school year, a new boarding/day house for girls (Hallward's House) was opened. In 2005, the school was one of fifty of the country's leading independent schools which were found guilty of running an illegal price-fixing cartel , exposed by The Times , which had allowed them to drive up fees for thousands of parents. Each school

640-516: Is situated). When Dakyns' House and Brown's House were merged in September 1993, the original suggestion was to name the new establishment "Dakyns-Brown's House", but following a suggestion from a pupil, the name "Moberly's House" was chosen, commemorating William Moberly , the only teacher who had been involved in both of the antecedent establishments (as Housemaster of both Dakyns' and House Tutor of Brown's). The college buildings were designed by

704-500: Is the Swedish human rights lawyer Peter Nobel , a great-grandnephew of Alfred Nobel . Nobel accuses the awarding institution of misusing his family's name, and states that no member of the Nobel family has ever had the intention of establishing a prize in economics. He explained that "Nobel despised people who cared more about profits than society's well-being", saying that "There is nothing to indicate that he would have wanted such

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768-734: The Crafoord Prize and a number of other large prizes". Each September the Academy's Economics Prize Committee, which consists of five elected members, "sends invitations to thousands of scientists, members of academies and university professors in numerous countries, asking them to nominate candidates for the Prize in Economics for the coming year. Members of the Academy and former laureates are also authorised to nominate candidates." All proposals and their supporting evidence must be received before February 1. The proposals are reviewed by

832-551: The Nobel Prize in Physics in 2024. The school takes boys and girls aged between 13 and 18. It has its own preparatory school , Clifton College Preparatory School (known as the 'Pre'), for children from 8 to 13 which adjoins the school and shares many of the same facilities; there is also a pre-preparatory school for younger children aged 3 to 8 called Butcombe. To distinguish it from the junior schools, Clifton College proper

896-620: The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel ( Swedish : Sveriges riksbanks pris i ekonomisk vetenskap till Alfred Nobels minne ), is an economics award funded by Sveriges Riksbank and administered by the Nobel Foundation . Although not one of the five Nobel Prizes established by Alfred Nobel's will in 1895, it is commonly referred to as the Nobel Prize in Economics , and

960-653: The United States Army who established it as the headquarters of V Corps and then the First Army . Staff were involved in preparations for the Normandy landings under General Omar Bradley . After D-Day the college was taken over as headquarters of the Ninth Army under General William Hood Simpson . To enable rapid travel and communications between the headquarters and dispersed units extensive use

1024-597: The "Newbolt Room" and has been furnished by the Old Cliftonian Society , which still uses it for reunions. Between 1890 and the start of the First World War, the new Music School (1897) was added and the Chapel rebuilt (1910). Dr John King, whose headmastership spanned the war years, had little scope for building after 1914, but he did oversee the development of the playing fields at Beggar's Bush,

1088-642: The 1870s and asked to design what is now the Percival Library and the open-cloister classrooms. This project was largely completed by 1875 – although the Wilson Tower was not built until 1890 (grade II listed ). Other buildings were added as follows: The Chapel building was licensed by the Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol in 1867. It is now grade II* listed. The school's present buildings have evolved in various phases. In early Percival years,

1152-513: The 1974 Nobel Prize banquet, Friedrich Hayek stated that had he been consulted on the establishment of a Nobel Prize in economics, he would have "decidedly advised against it", primarily because "The Nobel Prize confers on an individual an authority which in economics no man ought to possess. This does not matter in the natural sciences . Here the influence exercised by an individual is chiefly an influence on his fellow experts; and they will soon cut him down to size if he exceeds his competence. But

1216-489: The Economics Prize Committee. The members of the 2007 Economics Prize Committee are still dominated by economists, as the secretary and four of the five members are professors of economics. In 1978, Herbert A. Simon , whose PhD was in political science , became the first non-economist to win the prize, for his work in the fields of economics and organizational decision making. Elinor Ostrom , also

1280-461: The Housemaster at the time, but in the late 19th century this pattern was abandoned, and all Houses reverted to the name of their first Housemaster. This nomenclature convention was not however used for Hallward's House (founded in 2004 and named after a former Headmaster, Bertrand Hallward, nor for Worcester House (the second girls' house, founded in 1989 and named after the road in which it

1344-508: The Nobel Foundation an annual grant of 6.5 million Swedish kronor (in January 2008, approx. US$ 1 million; € 0.7 million) for its administrative expenses associated with the award as well as 1 million Swedish kronor (until the end of 2008) to include information about the award on the Nobel Foundation's web site. The Prize in Economic Sciences is not one of the Nobel Prizes endowed by Alfred Nobel in his will. However,

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1408-621: The Preparatory School and the building of the Science School on the site of the previous Junior School. Designed by A. E. Munby , it was opened in 1926. Also at this time, the school acquired Hugh Ray Easton 's new east windows. The windows also contain a curiosity: beneath the representation of the heavenly Jerusalem is depicted a game of cricket on the Close ;– with one of Whatley's sons taking part. In 1965–1967,

1472-544: The Prize Committee and specially appointed experts. Before the end of September, the committee chooses potential laureates. If there is a tie, the chairman of the committee casts the deciding vote. Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences vote in mid-October to determine the next laureate or laureates of the Prize in Economics. As with the Nobel Prizes, no more than three people can share

1536-534: The Prize in Economic Sciences. The award was established in 1968 by an endowment "in perpetuity" from Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank , to commemorate the bank's 300th anniversary. Laureates in the Prize in Economic Sciences are selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences . It was first awarded in 1969 to Dutch economist Jan Tinbergen and Norwegian economist Ragnar Frisch "for having developed and applied dynamic models for

1600-547: The United Kingdom or its constituent countries is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Clifton College Clifton College is a public school in the city of Bristol in South West England , founded in 1862 and offering both boarding and day school for pupils aged 13–18. In its early years, unlike most contemporary public schools, it emphasised science rather than classics in

1664-562: The Upper School of Clifton College, which have an order of precedence based on the date of their foundation; it is traditional that day-pupil only houses are known as "Towns" and any house that admits boarders "Houses". There are also houses in Clifton College Preparatory School that are not listed below. I am not led, I lead Holland's house, a girls' day house, was made in 2017 with colours white, pink and navy. Several other houses have existed during

1728-413: The analysis of economic processes". An endowment "in perpetuity" from Sveriges Riksbank pays the Nobel Foundation's administrative expenses associated with the award and funds the monetary component of the award. In 2022, the monetary portion of the Prize in Economic Sciences was 10 million Swedish kronor , the same amount as the original Nobel Prizes. Since 2006, Sveriges Riksbank has given

1792-478: The anniversary of the first playing of this match. On one of the college's cricket pitches, now known as Collins' Piece, what was for 116 years the highest-ever cricket score was reached in June 1899, in the inter-house match between Clark's House and North Town. In this match A. E. J. Collins , killed in the First World War , scored 628 not out, but not under the current rules of the game. The record

1856-494: The annual Nobel Prize Award Ceremony in Stockholm , on the anniversary of Nobel's death (December 10). The first prize in economics was awarded in 1969 to Ragnar Frisch and Jan Tinbergen "for having developed and applied dynamic models for the analysis of economic processes". Three women have received the prize: Elinor Ostrom , who won in 2009, Esther Duflo , who won in 2019, and Claudia Goldin , who won in 2023. Goldin

1920-570: The arch. It is now grade II listed. The college's buildings, mainly School House, were used as the main HQ where the D-Day landings were planned. The college played a major part in both World Wars; Field Marshal Douglas Haig was an Old Cliftonian who went on to command the British armed forces in the First World War. Through the memorial arch and in front of School House is a life-size statue of Haig. At

1984-456: The architect Charles Hansom (the brother of Joseph Hansom ); his first design was for Big School and a proposed dining hall. Only the former was built and a small extra short wing was added in 1866 – this is what now contains the Marshal's office and the new staircase into Big School. It has been designated by English Heritage as a grade II listed building . Hansom was called back in

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2048-466: The building of the Memorial Arch, the neo-classical cricket pavilion and the opening of the new Sanitorium in Worcester Road. On 3 December 1918, the former headmaster John Percival died and was buried in the vault of the school Chapel. In 1921, a special memorial chapel was created and consecrated about his tomb. Norman Whatley was the headmaster between 1923 and 1938; his tenure saw the opening of

2112-509: The current seven boarding Houses (four for boys, three for girls) live the Housemaster or Housemistress and family, an Assistant and the Matron. In addition, each House has up to four non-residential Tutors. Also, pupils wear ties with different coloured stripes according to their house membership; which are also the colours of the jerseys the pupils wear to distinguish between houses in inter-house sporting events. There are 12 houses currently in

2176-403: The curriculum, and was less concerned with social elitism, for example by admitting day-boys on equal terms and providing a dedicated boarding house for Jewish boys, called Polack's House. Having linked its General Studies classes with Badminton School , it admitted girls to every year group (from pre-prep up to Upper 6th, excepting 5th form due to potential O-levels disruption) in 1987, and

2240-585: The edge of the quad is a memorial to those killed in the South African Wars. The college sporting facilities include: The college ground, known as the Close, played a role in the history of cricket and witnessed 13 of W G Grace 's first-class hundreds for Gloucestershire in the County Championship. Grace's children attended the college. The Close featured in a well-known poem by O.C. Sir Henry Newbolt – Vitaї Lampada ("There's

2304-516: The influence of the economist that mainly matters is an influence over laymen: politicians, journalists, civil servants and the public generally." Nevertheless, Hayek accepted the award. According to Samuel Brittan of the Financial Times , both the former Swedish minister for finance , Kjell-Olof Feldt , and the former Swedish minister for commerce, Gunnar Myrdal , wanted the prize abolished, with "Myrdal rather less graciously want[ing]

2368-519: The low numbers of boys in the house (although many pupils were turned down subsequently). Polack's House Educational Trust (PHET) now offers scholarships to the school. The school chapel was the inspiration behind Newbolt's poem Clifton Chapel, which starts: CLIFTON CHAPEL Clifton College has its own theatre, originally known as the Clifton College Theatre, but later renamed in honour of old-boy actor Michael Redgrave . The theatre

2432-574: The names of the school's Marshals until after his death. Clifton has chapel services and a focus on Christianity, but for 125 years there was also a Jewish boarding house (Polack's), complete with kosher dining facilities and synagogue for boys in the Upper School. This was the last of its kind in Europe. However, at the end of the 2004–05 school year, the Polack's trust (Polack's House Educational Trust) announced that Polack's House would be closed due to

2496-474: The nomination process, selection criteria, and awards presentation of the Prize in Economic Sciences are performed in a manner similar to that of the original Nobel Prizes. Laureates are announced with the Nobel Prize laureates, and receive the award at the same ceremony. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the prize "in accordance with the rules governing the award of the Nobel Prizes instituted through his [Alfred Nobel's] will", which stipulate that

2560-475: The nucleus of the school buildings was laid down. In 1880, the school's East Wing was completed as far as the staircase (this had yet to be linked to the library by the Wilson Tower) and added a science lecture-room (which is the reason for the curious 'stepped' windows), a laboratory and several classrooms. In 1886, a porters' lodge and what is now the staff common room were added by enlarging what had been

2624-534: The original science school. On the ground floor was the school tuck-shop and above this (in what is now the Upper Common Room) was a drawing-school. The day boys were provided for in Town Rooms for both North and South Town. The East Wing was then completed by carrying it beyond the staircase and then creating an additional classroom at each end. The ground-floor classroom (then Room 12) is now known as

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2688-473: The prize abolished because it had been given to such reactionaries as Hayek (and afterwards Milton Friedman )." Relatedly, it has been noted that several members of the awarding committee have been affiliated with the Mont Pelerin Society . Milton Friedman was awarded the 1976 prize in part for his work on monetarism . Awarding the prize to Friedman caused international protests. Friedman

2752-571: The prize be awarded annually to "those who ... shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind". According to its official website, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences "administers a researcher exchange with academies in other countries and publishes six scientific journals. Every year the Academy awards the Nobel Prizes in Physics and in Chemistry, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel,

2816-512: The prize for a given year; they must still be living at the time of the Prize announcement in October; and information about Prize nominations cannot be disclosed publicly for 50 years. Like the Nobel laureates in physics , chemistry , physiology or medicine , and literature , each laureate in Economics receives a diploma, gold medal, and monetary grant award document from the King of Sweden at

2880-405: The pupils at the college. Many public houses near the school had photos of the Marshal, who was permanently banned so as not to discourage the attendance of pupils who were regular patrons. The current Marshal is Christopher Hughes who took his position in the term starting September 2010. The previous Marshal was Major Paul Simcox MBE. By tradition, a Marshal's name is not added to the plaque listing

2944-404: The result of abolition has been to reduce the social range of pupils educated at independent schools. Others point out that "fewer than 10 per cent of the selected children had fathers who were manual workers, compared with 50 per cent in service-class occupations such as teaching, and that although children from single-parent families made up the largest category, other disadvantaged groups, notably

3008-404: The scheme catered for some 6,000 students per year. The scheme, to a degree, replicated the effect of the direct grant grammar schools which had operated between 1945 and 1976. Between 1981 and 1997 an estimated 80,000 children participated in the scheme, costing a total of just over £800 million. In 1981, 4,185 pupils gained assisted places. By 1997 there were some 34,000 pupils and 355 schools in

3072-572: The scheme. Arguing the practice to be elitist and wasteful of public funds, the Labour government of Tony Blair , upon its election in 1997, abolished the Assisted Places Scheme. The government announced that the funds were instead to be used to reduce class sizes in state nursery schools. However, children already in receipt of an assisted place were allowed to complete the remainder of that phase of their education. Some argue that

3136-480: The school and publishes a newsletter for alumni. Alumni are known as Old Cliftonians or OCs. The Register's motto: The Clifton College Register is the official set of records held for Clifton College in Bristol. The Register is kept and maintained by the Old Cliftonian Society. These records have been maintained unbroken from the start of the school in 1862 and list every pupil, master and headmaster. Each person

3200-469: The school's buildings as a staff office from October to November 1944. Clifton College is one of the few schools in the UK to have educated several Nobel laureates: Sir John Kendrew , who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1962; Sir John Hicks , winner of the 1972 Nobel Prize in Economics ; Sir Nevill Francis Mott , who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1977; and Geoffrey Hinton who received

3264-462: The school's history. In WW2, while the school was evacuated to Bude, United House (UH) was created from pupils of houses placed in temporary abeyance. Dakyns' House and Brown's House were closed in 1993, and Polack's House, which took Jewish boys only, was closed in 2005. These are listed below: In the decades after the school's foundation, with the exception of School House, the Houses were named after

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3328-515: The school, culminating in a report which it published in full. The report contained a number of recommendations, all of which were then implemented. This, together with a complete change in the school's leadership in 2016, led to a wholesale transformation in safeguarding culture and practices at the school. The Old Cliftonian Society [OCS] is the Society for the alumni of Clifton College – whether pupils or staff. The OCS organises reunions at

3392-402: The side of College Road, opposite what was Dakyns' boarding house (now East Town and North Town), is the college's memorial arch designed by Charles Holden , which commemorates teachers and pupils who died in the two World Wars. Traditionally, the removal of headgear is expected when walking through the arch. There is also a school rule that states hands must be out of pockets when walking through

3456-498: The theatre was built by the architects Whicheloe and MacFarlane. In 1982, on the site of the old swimming pools, the new Sports Hall, remedial gym and a new covered swimming pool were built; previously boys used the outdoor Victorian pool and its outdoor covered changing cubicles. The 1980s also saw the building of the Coulson Centre which links together two previously separate classroom blocks, at Muir and Birdwood houses. As

3520-475: The toilet and conducting private acts, in the college itself and at an address in Cornwall. He was jailed in 2015, convicted at Taunton Crown Court , and sentenced to three years and nine months' imprisonment after admitting to 36 counts of taking, making and possessing indecent images of children. Clifton College subsequently commissioned an independent expert to undertake a thorough review of safeguarding at

3584-429: The unemployed, and black and Asian families, had poor representation." Some independent schools, many of which have charitable status, do allocate significant funding to assist in the placement of pupils from poorer backgrounds through provision of bursaries . A number of studies have looked at the legacy of the Assisted Places Scheme. These include a Sutton Trust report. This article related to government in

3648-951: Was accused of supporting the military dictatorship in Chile because of the relation of economists of the University of Chicago to Pinochet , and a controversial six-day trip he took to Chile during March 1975 (less than two years after the coup that ended with the suicide of its democratically elected President Salvador Allende ). Friedman himself answered that he never was an adviser to the dictatorship, but only gave some lectures and seminars on inflation and met with officials, including Augusto Pinochet , in Chile. Four Nobel Prize laureates – George Wald , Linus Pauling , David Baltimore and Salvador Luria  – wrote letters in October 1976 to The New York Times protesting Friedman's award. The 2005 prize to Robert Aumann

3712-402: Was built in the 1960s and has a seating capacity of 323. As well as school productions, the venue hosts visiting small scale productions including many by the nearby Bristol Old Vic Theatre School . Listed in order of appointment: Jonathan Thomson-Glover, a housemaster and former pupil, pleaded guilty to making covert films of children aged twelve to seventeen showering, changing, going to

3776-462: Was criticized by the European press for his alleged use of game theory to justify his stance against the dismantling of illegal Israeli settlements in occupied Palestine . Paul Krugman 's left-wing commentary has attracted both widespread praise and criticism. The 1994 prize to mathematician John Forbes Nash caused controversy within the selection committee. This resulted in a change to

3840-481: Was made of light aircraft for travel. Some flights used Filton Airfield and others Whitchurch , however the majority were from the college's playing fields at Beggars Bush Field, between the college and Leigh Woods , which was turned into an airfield. Before 1987, Clifton was a boys-only school with seven boarding houses (School House, Brown's, Watson's, Dakyns', Oakeley's, Wiseman's, Polack's) and three day-houses (East Town, North Town and The South Town). In each of

3904-569: Was required to pay a nominal penalty of £10,000 and all agreed to make ex-gratia payments totalling three million pounds into a trust designed to benefit pupils who attended the schools during the period in respect of which fee information was shared. During World War II the heavy bombing of Bristol caused the students to be evacuated to Bude . In February 1941 the buildings were used by the Royal Army Service Corps as an Officer Cadet Training Unit. In 1942 they were replaced by

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3968-455: Was surpassed in January 2016 by 15-year-old Pranav Dhanawade of Mumbai, India, with a score of 1,009 in a schools' match. Collins was not the first Clifton schoolboy to hold this record: in 1868, Edward Tylecote , who went on to help England reclaim the Ashes in 1882–83 , was a previous holder, with 404 not out in a game between Classicals and Moderns. Collins' achievement is commemorated on

4032-674: Was the first of the traditional boys' public schools to become fully coeducational. Polack's House closed in 2005 but a scholarship fund open to Jewish candidates still exists. Clifton College is one of the original 26 English public schools as defined by the Public Schools Yearbook of 1889. The school was also the headquarters of the US army in Britain during part of the Second World War . General Omar Bradley used

4096-498: Was the first woman to win the award solo. In February 1995, following acrimony within the selection committee pertaining to the awarding of the 1994 Prize in Economics to John Forbes Nash , the Prize in Economics was redefined as a prize in social sciences. This made it available to researchers in such topics as political science, psychology, and sociology. Moreover, the composition of the Economics Prize Committee changed to include two non-economists. This has not been confirmed by

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