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31-575: It merged with the Société Anglo-Franco-Belge in the 1960s shortly before becoming defunct. The Société des Ateliers Germain (Matériel de Chemins de Fer & Tramways, Voitures Automobiles) was founded 30 October 1897, with a factory at Monceau-sur-Sambre , Belgium. The company initially manufactured automobiles under license from Daimler-Phoenix and Panhard-Levassor , and later small automobiles ( Voiturettes ) under license from Elan , Renault , and Hardt . The company used

62-695: A hypermarket of 6,000 m (65,000 sq ft), plus leisure facilities, was built, and opened in December 1970. Amongst other production in the 1930s, the Franco-Belge in Raismes manufactured Beyer, Peacock & Company designed 4-6-2+2-6-4 high speed (82 mph (132 km/h) achieved) ' Garratt ' locomotives for Algeria , and also carriages for an imperial train built for Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia . The association as sub-contractor to Beyer, Peacock & Company continued to

93-533: A factory in Raismes ( Valenciennes ) in the Département Nord in France . In 1927, the company split into a Belgian ( Société Anglo-Franco-Belge , SAFB) and a French company ( Société Franco-Belge ). The company's factories were occupied during World War I , during which period it was used as a sawmill, and during World War II , during which period it manufactured Kriegslokomotives . SAFB merged with

124-548: A resolution. On 1 June 1967, the workers returned to work, after several mitigation measures had been instigated, including short term transfer of staff to other rolling stock manufacturing companies, and large orders given to the metal fabrication plant. Despite this, in February 1968, the company Germain-Anglo ceased operation. In 1969, the site of the plant in La Croyère was acquired by developer Société Frabelmar and

155-669: The Ateliers Charles Evrard (of Brussels , Belgium) to form the Compagnie Belge pour la Construction de Machines et de Matériels de Chemins de Fer (1862), with a capital of 1 million francs. Charles Evrard was the company's director. At the Exposition Universelle (1867) in Paris , the company exhibited a locomotive, passenger coaches, an iron goods wagon, and a steam rail crane. In 1881,

186-697: The Ateliers Germain in 1964; the company closed in 1968 due to lack of work. The Franco-Belge (based in Raismes ) was acquired by Alstom in 1982, as of 2012 the factory Alstom Petite-Forêt, Valenciennes operates as an Alstom subsidiary, specialising in metros, trams, and double deck trains, A test track Centre d'Essais Ferroviaire is located west of the Raismes factory. In 1859, Charles Evrard acquired Parmentier Freres et Cie. based in La Croyère , ( La Louvière , Belgium) and merged it with

217-728: The Crédit Mobilier Français and Société générale de Belgique , with the aim to support French ventures in the post-Ottoman Eastern Mediterranean region, even though in practice it only developed its activity in Turkey . In Istanbul , the BFPO took over the former branch building of the Wiener Bankverein , erected a decade earlier on a prominent location at the northern entrance of the Golden Horn . Following

248-490: The Etablissements Germain-Anglo . By 1967, the new company was on the verge of collapse with an empty order book—the staff were given notice of the closure which instigated a strike and sit-in at the factory. The situation became one of national interest, with the workers receiving support from trade unions across the country; the prime minister, Paul Vanden Boeynants , visited the factory to seek

279-702: The Hentsch & Lütscher, Goldschmidt , and Königswarter family banks. The BFE’s head office was in a building at 3-5, rue Saint-Georges in Paris, designed in 1869 by architect Hector Degeorge  [ fr ] , which was demolished in the early 20th century. In 1888, the BFE led the financing of the Eiffel Tower promoted by Gustave Eiffel , together with the Crédit Industriel et Commercial and

310-669: The Société Générale . On 14 May 1889, as the BFE's activity in Egypt had decreased to the point that its name no longer made sense, the Bischoffheim family fostered a restructuring in which the BFE ceased activity and brought its residual capital to the newly formed Banque internationale de Paris  [ fr ] (BIP, “International Bank of Paris”). The BIP took over the BFE’s former operations and head office. In addition to

341-607: The 1950s, the company manufactured Electro-Motive Diesel engined diesel locomotives for the railways of Belgium (NMBS/SNCB classes 52, 53, 54, and Luxembourg ( CFL class 800 and class 1600 ). The company also supplied the Israel Railways with its first diesel locomotives in 1952 with an EMD-powered Bo'Bo' design. In 1964, the company merged with the road and rail vehicle manufacturing company S.A. des Ateliers Germain based in Monceau-sur-Sambre to form

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372-659: The 1950s. Over 80 Indian Railways WG class 2-8-2 locomotives were produced in the early 1950s before production capacity at the Chittaranjan Locomotive Works , India, was built up. During the 1970s, several hundred Corail coaches were built for the SNCF. In the late 1970s, the company won an order for 118 aluminium metro railcars (CQ310 series) for the MARTA subway system in Atlanta , USA. In 1982,

403-477: The 21st century, the Centre d'Essais Ferroviaire , which is 61% owned by Alstom (2012). The test track, completed in 1999, includes 2.75 km suitable for testing at 100 km/h, a loop 1.85 km long for endurance testing at 80 km/h, and an S-shaped loop for testing trains with automatic control system (driverless). The industrial site at Raismes also houses several other engineering companies. At

434-543: The Alstom group, the plant specialised in the design and production of metro trains, trams, and double-decker trains. In late 2015 the factory was allotted the construction of 90 Bmx driving motor vehicles as part of a €1.3 billion contract awarded to an Alstom/Bombardier consortium for 445 M7 doubledeck passenger vehicles from SNCB . Banque franco-%C3%A9gyptienne The Banque Française pour le Commerce et l'Industrie ( BFCI , "French Bank for Trade and Industry")

465-676: The BFCI's chairmanship, and kept it when he succeeded Joseph Caillaux as finance minister in 1902. Ernest May  [ fr ] was the bank's general manager. The BFCI developed an investment banking business based on the prior ventures of its two predecessor entities, and also expanded into Brazil and the Ottoman Empire. In 1921, the BFCI sponsored the creation of the Banque Française des Pays d'Orient (BFPO, "French Bank of Eastern Lands"), with other participants including

496-408: The beginning of the 21st century, the plant's future was uncertain; by 2009, the situation had reversed — the factory had contracts for production till 2016, and employed 1350 people. Contracts included metros and trains for RATP and RER (Paris), obtained as part of consortia including Bombardier Transportation . The RER contract was worth €917 million, with a value to Alstom of €640 million. Within

527-544: The brand names "Germain", "Panhard belges" and "Daimler belges". Car production continued up to the beginning of the First World War . During the conflict British battle tanks captured at the battle of Cambrai were repaired at the factory, and used by the Germans at the battle of St. Quentin . After the end of the first world war the automobile production ceased, and the primary product was rail vehicles. In 1964

558-409: The company board was dominated by Belgians; after 1914, the company became majority owned by French interests, mainly from Paris. At this time the company had a capacity of around 50 locomotives and over 1,500 carriages and wagons per year; during German occupation during World War I , the plant in Raismes was ordered to carry out repair work, but this was resisted by the plant management - the factory

589-598: The company manufactured over 100 locomotives for the Deutsche Reichsbahn , as well as carrying out repair work. The company director Gilbert Bostsarron became involved in the French resistance network, and arranged allied attacks on the factory; his network was discovered by axis forces resulting in his being arrested and shot in 1944. Post war the company experienced financial problems, in part due to loss of overseas export customers to American companies. In

620-572: The company merged with the Société Anglo-Franco-Belge to form the Etablissements Germain Anglo . The defunct factory in Monceau sur Sambre was demolished and redeveloped in the 1990s. Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9 Anglo-Franco-Belge 50°23′10″N 3°28′30″E  /  50.38614°N 3.474877°E  / 50.38614; 3.474877 The Société Franco-Belge was a Franco-Belgian engineering firm that specialised in

651-414: The company, then known as Soferval-franco-belge (Société ferroviaire du Valenciennes), was acquired by Alstom after a period of poor management and financial problems. Under Alstom's ownership, the site at Raismes has been known as Alstom Petite-Forêt , Alstom Valenciennes , or Alstom Valenciennes Petite-Forêt (VPF). The factory site is adjacent to a rail test track established at the beginning of

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682-540: The company. Charles Evrard died in 1896. In 1911, the company was renamed Société Franco Belge de Matérial de Chemins de Fer . The company manufactured a wide variety of rolling stock (locomotives, carriages, specialised freight wagons) for clients, including the Belgian railways, private French railways, as well as exporting to Spain, Portugal, and other European countries; China, Turkey, and Indochina; as well as to African and South American countries. Up to 1914,

713-413: The construction of railway vehicles and their components and accessories. The company originated in 1859 as the Belgian firm Compagnie Belge pour la Construction de Machines et de Matériels de Chemins de Fer, founded by Charles Evrard. The company expanded its share capital in 1881 forming a new firm Société Anonyme Franco-Belge pour la Construction de Machines et de Matériel de Chemins de Fer and constructed

744-657: The former shareholders of the BFE, the BIP’s founding shareholders included British banker Ernest Cassel as well as the Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas . The BFE was eventually liquidated in 1892 as the BIP took over all its remaining assets and liabilities. During its brief existence, the BIP was mainly involved in the then-booming business of Russian bonds and their subscription by French savers. The Banque française d'Afrique du Sud  [ fr ] (BFAS, “French Bank of South Africa”)

775-517: The merger of the BIP and BFAS to form the BFCI, which was consequently nicknamed the " banque de Rouvier " or " banque Rouvier ". Two thirds of the shares went to the former owners of the BFAS and BIP, both of which were subsequently liquidated; other participants included the Comptoir national d'escompte de Paris , the Société Générale , and the Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas . Rouvier assumed

806-541: The plant in Brussels was closed and the factory's equipment was transferred, reducing pollution and other inconveniences caused to the populace of Brussels. A new company, the Société Anonyme Franco-Belge pour la Construction de Machines et de Matériel de Chemins de Fer , was created in 1881, including all the assets of the 'Compagnie Belge' (representing 60% of the share capital); the company

837-696: Was a significant bank in France, formed in 1901 from two predecessor entities, the Banque Franco-Égyptienne (est. 1870, restructured as Banque Internationale de Paris in 1889) and the Banque Française d'Afrique du Sud ( BFAS , est. 1895). It was purchased in 1922 by the Banque Nationale de Crédit , a predecessor entity of BNP Paribas . The Banque franco-égyptienne  [ fr ] (BFE, “French-Egyptian Bank”)

868-527: Was capitalised to 8 million francs, the Banque franco-égyptienne invested in the new enterprise. In 1882 a new factory was established in Raismes in the north of France, allowing the company to circumvent protectionism in the French market; initially the factory at Raismes in France assembled machines using components manufactured across the border in Belgium. All types of railway rolling stock were built by

899-646: Was created in 1870 on the initiative of financier Louis-Raphaël Bischoffsheim in the context of financial stress of the Khedivate of Egypt , which had close relations with France at the time. Khedive Isma'il Pasha contributed half of the initial capital. In the late 1870s, Egypt’s growing financial distress led the bank to seek additional capital from other sources including the Paris-based Crédit Industriel et Commercial , Ukraine-born banker Jacques de Gunzbourg  [ fr ] , and

930-656: Was created in January 1895 by Jacques de Gunzbourg  [ fr ] , with the aim to channel French savings into investments in South African gold mines. the BFAS also was an early shareholder of the Compagnie générale d'électricité , also founded in 1895. Its head office was at 9, rue Boudreau in Paris, in a newly constructed block near the Palais Garnier . In June-July 1901, Maurice Rouvier fostered

961-770: Was used under occupation as a sawmill . Post World War I, the French and Belgian activities were separated into independent companies in 1927 with the Croyere site forming the company "Société Anglo-Franco-Belge" (SAFB or AFB), which received English investment and specialised in equipment for metal and wooden fabrications for transportation equipment. The French operations of the company remained as "Franco-Belge". In 1939, SAFB two acquired two metal working factories were absorbed, in Seneffe and Godarville ( Chapelle-lez-Herlaimont ), both in Hainaut , Belgium. During occupation,

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