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68-526: The Autorité Portuaire Nationale (APN) is a port district established in 1985 placed under the trusteeship of the secretariat of State of Finance of Economic Affairs. Its main office is located on boulevard la saline in downtown Port-au-Prince . APN manages and administers all ports of the Republic. The first port development in Port-au-Prince (Fort Islet) dates back to colonial times. In fact, it

136-615: A Catholic. The name Enriquillo, "little Enrique," was probably due to his age at the time of the baptism. The salt water lake Lake Enriquillo in the Dominican province of Baoruco was named after him. Looking out over it is the Trono de Enriquillo , where he is said to have camped during the rebellion. The highest rank of the Asociación de Scouts Dominicanos was formerly named after him. A new genus of lizard , Guarocuyus ,

204-569: A few days. The Taínos were forced into terrible conditions as laborers in gold mining operations, badly housed in the mountains, poorly fed, extremely overworked, and forced to live in close quarters with the Spaniards. Additionally, due to taking men away from the villages, the cycle of food production was disrupted, causing widespread malnutrition. This malnutrition further aided the Taínos' vulnerability to deadly new types of diseases introduced by

272-559: A global relief effort. On Wednesday 20 January 2010, an aftershock rated at a magnitude of 5.9 caused additional damage. The City Hall (Mairie de Port-au-Prince) and most of the city's other government municipal buildings were destroyed in the 2010 earthquake. Ralph Youri Chevry was the mayor of the city at the time of the earthquake. The worst hurricane season experienced by Haiti occurred in 2008 when four storms Fay , Gustav , Hanna , and Ike negatively impacted Haiti. Nearly 800 people were killed; 22,000 homes were destroyed; 70% of

340-405: A massive humanitarian crisis shortly after. The metropolitan area is subdivided into various communes (districts). There is a ring of districts that radiates out from the commune of Port-au-Prince. Pétion-Ville is an affluent suburban commune located southeast of the city. Delmas is located directly south of the airport and north of the central city, and the rather poor commune of Carrefour

408-453: A new city was built, Port-au-Prince. In 1770, Port-au-Prince replaced Cap-Français (the modern Cap-Haïtien ) as capital of the colony of Saint-Domingue . In November 1791, it was burned in a battle between attacking black revolutionaries and defending white plantation owners. It was captured by British troops on 4 June 1794, after the Battle of Port-Républicain . In 1804, it became

476-519: A number of Europeans (both foreign-born and native-born). Citizens of Arab (particularly Syrian , Lebanese , and Israeli Arab ) ancestry have a large presence in the capital. Arab Haitians (a large number of whom live in Port-au-Prince) are, more often than not, concentrated in financial areas where the majority of them establish businesses. Most of the biracial residents of the city are concentrated within wealthier areas. Port-au-Prince

544-418: A number of hospitals including le Centre Hospitalier du Sacré-Cœur, Hôpital de l'Université d'État d'Haïti (l'HUEH), Centre Obstetrico Gynécologique Isaïe Jeanty-Léon Audain, Hôpital du Canapé-Vert, Hôpital Français (Asile Français), Hôpital Saint-François de Sales, Hôpital-Maternité Sapiens, Hôpital OFATMA, Clinique de la Santé, Maternité de Christ Roi, Centre Hospitalier Rue Berne and Maternité Mathieu. After

612-588: A significant number of UN personnel is present throughout the city as part of the stabilization mission in Haiti . Port-au-Prince various educational institutions, ranging from small vocational schools to universities . Influential international schools in Port-au-Prince include Union School , founded in 1919, and Quisqueya Christian School , founded in 1974. Both schools offer an American-style pre-college education. French-speaking students can attend

680-440: A threat. He insisted upon control of the hospital, but the flibustiers refused, considering that humiliating. They proceeded to close the hospital rather than cede control of it to the governor, and many of them became habitans (farmers) the first long-term European inhabitants in the region. Although the elimination of the flibustiers as a group from Hôpital reinforced the authority of the colonial administration, it also made

748-591: Is also located in downtown Port-au-Prince at the Palace of Ministries, adjacent to the National Palace in the Champ de Mars plaza. The Haitian Group of Research and Pedagogical Activities (GHRAP) has set up several community centers for basic education. UNESCO 's office at Port-au-Prince has taken a number of initiates in upgrading the educational facilities in Port-au-Prince. A 2012 independent study found that

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816-440: Is located southwest of the city. The commune harbors many low-income slums plagued with poverty and violence in which the most notorious, Cité Soleil , is situated. However, Cité Soleil has been recently split off from Port-au-Prince proper to form a separate commune. The Champ de Mars area has begun some modern infrastructure development as of recently. The downtown area is the site of several projected modernization efforts in

884-459: Is now eastern Venezuela . By the time Columbus arrived in 1492 AD, the region was under the control of Bohechio, Taíno cacique (chief) Xaragua. He, like his predecessors, feared settling too close to the coast; such settlements would have proven to be tempting targets for the Caribs , who lived on neighboring islands. Instead, the region served as a hunting ground. The population of the region

952-444: Is one of the nation's largest centers of economy and finance. The capital exports its most widely consumed produce of coffee and sugar , and has, in the past, exported other goods, such as shoes and baseballs . Port-au-Prince has food-processing plants as well as soap , textile and cement factories. Despite political unrest, the city also relies on the tourism industry and construction companies to move its economy. Port-au-Prince

1020-483: Is the best known rebellion of the early Caribbean period. He was born on the shores of Lake Jaragua (today Lake Enriquillo ) and was part of the royal family of Jaragua. Enriquillo's aunt Anacaona was Queen of Jaragua, and his father Magiocatex was the crown prince. He is considered a hero in the modern day Dominican Republic for his resistance in favor of the indigenous peoples. Dominican friar Bartolomé de las Casas , who documented and rallied against Spanish abuse of

1088-514: Is the birthplace of internationally known naïve artist Gesner Abelard , who was associated with the Centre d'Art . The Musée du Panthéon National Haïtien (MUPANAH) is a museum featuring the heroes of the independence of Haiti, the Haitian history and culture. On 5 April 2015, the construction of a new LDS Temple in Port-au-Prince was announced. Port-au-Prince is the only city anywhere in

1156-644: The Presidential Palace was thrown into the first floor, and the domes skewed at a severe tilt. The seaport and airport were both damaged, limiting aid shipments. The seaport was severely damaged by the quake and was unable to accept aid shipments for the first week. The airport's control tower was damaged and the US military had to set up a new control center with generators to get the airport prepared for aid flights. Aid has been delivered to Port-au-Prince by numerous nations and voluntary groups as part of

1224-662: The 2010 earthquake, two hospitals remained that were operational. The University of Miami in partnership with Project Medishare has created a new hospital, L'Hôpital Bernard Mevs Project Medishare, to provide inpatient and outpatient care for those impacted by the January 2010 earthquake. This hospital is volunteer staffed and provides level 1 trauma care to Port-au-Prince and the surrounding regions. CDTI (Centre de Diagnostique et de Traitement Intégré) closed in April 2010 when international aid failed to materialize. It had been considered

1292-874: The French language but also a secondary language in English. The State University of Haiti ( Université d'État d'Haïti in French or UEH), is located within the capital along other universities such as the Quisqueya University and the Université des Caraïbes . There are many other institutions that observe the Haitian scholastic program. Many of them are religious academies led by foreign missionaries from France or Canada . These include Institution Saint-Louis de Gonzague , École Sainte-Rose-de-Lima, École Saint-Jean-Marie Vianney, Institution du Sacré-Coeur, and Collège Anne-Marie Javouhey. The Ministry of Education

1360-540: The King of Spain to commission Francisco de Barrionuevo to put an end, by means of negotiation or force, to the long conflict that unsettled the colony. Enrique del Bahoruco, as he was originally known, received Barrionuevo, in his first interview, bearing a letter from Carlos and, on Cabritos Island. Those agreements were never fully executed; the Cacique assumed a peaceful attitude from that moment on. He never came down from

1428-528: The Liberator became a place of pilgrimage by the natives and for this reason the Spaniards decided to build the church of Agua Santa in the community of Boya in the Province of Monte Plata over his tomb, to dislocate the true place of the sanctuary of such a leader. It is also stated that the Cacique died around 1536 of about 40 years of age. Most historians agree (see Sued Badillo and others) that Enriquillo

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1496-637: The Lycée Français ( Lycée Alexandre Dumas ), located in Bourdon. Another school is Anís Zunúzí Bahá'í School north west of Port-au-Prince which opened its doors in 1980 which survived the 2010 Haiti earthquake and its staff were cooperating in relief efforts and sharing space and support with neighbors. A clinic was run at the school by a medical team from the United States and Canada. Its classes offered transition from Haitian Creole to

1564-582: The Native population was rapidly declining due to European diseases. Thirteen years of insurrection of the Bahoruco chieftain cost the Spanish monarchy more than 40,000 gold pesos. Assaults, fires, raids, death of Spaniards and a dangerous example for the slaves, who by the end of the 1520s numbered thousands in the southern part of the island, dedicated to the production of sugar cane. His style of fighting and

1632-434: The Spanish colonial administration, and in 1606, it decided to abandon the region. For more than 50 years, the area that is today Port-au-Prince saw its population drop off drastically, when some buccaneers began to use it as a base, and Dutch merchants began to frequent it in search of leather, as game was abundant there. Around 1650, French flibustiers , running out of room on the Île de la Tortue , began to arrive on

1700-515: The Spanish crown to dispatch Castilian soldiers to Hôpital to retake it. The mission proved to be a disaster for the Spanish, as they were outnumbered and outgunned, and in 1697, the Spanish government signed the Treaty of Ryswick , renouncing any claims to Hôpital. Around this time, the French also established bases at Ester (part of Petite Rivière ) and Gonaïves . Ester was a rich village, inhabited by merchants, and equipped with straight streets; it

1768-457: The airport road (Boulevard Toussaint-Louverture) and its adjoining connectors to the New ("American") Road via Route Nationale 1. This latter area in particular has been the scene of numerous robberies, carjackings, and murders. Enriquillo Enrique (1498-1535), best known as Enriquillo , was a Taíno cacique who rebelled against the Spaniards between 1519 and 1533. Enriquillo's rebellion

1836-405: The area having been established, Ovando founded a settlement not far from the coast (west of Etang Saumâtre ), ironically named Santa Maria de la Paz Verdadera , which would be abandoned several years later. Not long thereafter, Ovando founded Santa Maria del Puerto . The latter was first burned by French explorers in 1535, then again in 1592 by the English. These assaults proved to be too much for

1904-549: The area such as Bohoma and Guahaba. It is understood that most of the plain area was used as hunting grounds. The Bahoruco mountain range in the north-east of Port-au-Prince was the scene of a Taino rebellion led by Enriquillo resulting in a treaty with the Spanish. Prior to the arrival of Christopher Columbus , the island of Hispaniola was inhabited by the Taíno people, who arrived in approximately 2600 BC in large dugout canoes . They are believed to come primarily from what

1972-612: The basis of this early work. Various decrees to change as and when the status of the institution. That of 18 June 1973 makes it an autonomous body, the Port Authority of Port-au-Prince, able to manage other ports. Five years later, in 1978, a new name it is granted: the National Ports Authority under the supervision of the Secretary of State for Finance and Economic Affairs. The decree of March 15, 1985, gives

2040-477: The bay had already been known as les îlets du Prince as early as 1680. Pirates eventually refrained from troubling the area, and various nobles sought land grants from the French crown in Hôpital; the first noble to control Hôpital was Sieur Joseph Randot. Upon his death in 1737, Sieur Pierre Morel gained control over part of the region, with Gatien Bretton des Chapelles acquiring another portion of it. By then,

2108-509: The capital of newly independent Haïti. When Jean-Jacques Dessalines was assassinated in 1806, Port-au-Prince became the capital of the mulatto -dominated south (Cap-Haïtien was the capital of the black -dominated north). It was re-established as the capital of all of Haiti when the country was unified again in 1820. During the American occupation of Haiti (1915–1934) , Port-au-Prince, garrisoned by American Marines and Haitian gendarmes ,

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2176-399: The capital. Port-au-Prince has a tropical wet and dry climate ( Aw ) and relatively constant temperatures throughout the course of the year. Port-au-Prince's wet season runs from March through November with rainfall peaking from April to May and from August to October, with the city experiencing a relative break in rainfall during the months of June and July. The city's dry season covers

2244-458: The celebration, the cemetery becomes packed with people. Those who are celebrating make sacrifices of food for the spirits (mange lwa) and pour liquor on the gravestones among other festivities. The mayor of Port-au-Prince is Lucsonne Janvier, who succeeded Ralph Youri Chevry in July 2020. In 2023, Janvier's City Hall employees protested lack of salaries. The city's separate districts (primarily

2312-553: The center's domed roof. Another popular destination in the capital is the Hotel Oloffson , a 19th-century gingerbread mansion that was once the private home of two former Haitian presidents . It has become a popular hub for tourist activity in the central city. The Cathédrale de Port-au-Prince is a famed site of cultural interest and attracts foreign visitors to its Neo-Romantic architectural style. The Musée d'Art Haïtien du Collège Saint-Pierre contains work from some of

2380-453: The civilizations of the Taíno . It was first incorporated under French colonial rule in 1749. The city's layout is similar to that of an amphitheater ; commercial districts are near the water, while residential neighborhoods are located on the hills above. Its population is difficult to ascertain due to the rapid growth of slums in the hillsides above the city; however, recent estimates place

2448-475: The coast, and established a colony at Trou-Borded. As the colony grew, they set up a hospital not far from the coast, on the Turgeau heights. This led to the region being known as Hôpital . Although there had been no real Spanish presence in Hôpital for well over 50 years, Spain retained its formal claim to the territory, and the growing presence of the French flibustiers on ostensibly Spanish lands provoked

2516-428: The colonial administration was convinced that a capital needed to be chosen, in order to better control the French portion of Hispaniola ( Saint-Domingue ). For a time, Petit-Goâve and Léogâne vied for this honor, but both were eventually ruled out for various reasons. Neither was centrally located. Petit-Goâve's climate caused it to be too malarial , and Léogane's topography made it difficult to defend. Thus, in 1749,

2584-426: The complicity of police officers and politicians. Port-au-Prince literally means "Prince's Port", but it is unclear which prince was the honoree. A theory is that the place is named after Le Prince , a ship captained by de Saint-André which arrived in the area in 1706. However, the islets in the bay had already been known as les îlets du Prince as early as 1680, predating the ship's arrival. Furthermore,

2652-446: The country's crops were lost, according to reliefweb.org. Then, in 2012, Hurricane Sandy , while not making direct impact, resulted in 75 deaths, $ 250 million in damage and a resurgence of cholera that was estimated to infected 5,000 people. In 2016, Hurricane Matthew caused catastrophic damage across Haiti, and over 500 deaths were associated with the storm in Haiti alone, along with at least $ 3 billion in damages. The storm also caused

2720-693: The country's most talented artists, and the Musée National is a museum featuring historical artifacts such as King Henri Christophe 's actual suicide pistol and a rusty anchor that museum operators claim was salvaged from Christopher Columbus 's ship, the Santa María . Other notable cultural sites include the Archives Nationales, the Bibliothèque Nationale (National Library) and Expressions Art Gallery . The city

2788-419: The country's premiere hospital. The culture of the city lies primarily in the center around the National Palace as well as its surrounding areas. The National Museum is located in the grounds of the palace, established in 1938. The National Palace was one of the early structures of the city but was destroyed and then rebuilt in 1918. It was destroyed again by the earthquake on 12 January 2010 which collapsed

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2856-548: The direction, control and operation of all ports of the Republic . The Autorité Portuaire Nationale manages and maintains infrastructure critical to Haiti 's marine trade and transportation network. The port authority operates the following seaports: Port-au-Prince The city of Port-au-Prince is on the Gulf of Gonâve : the bay on which the city lies, which acts as a natural harbor, has sustained economic activity since

2924-475: The districts of Delmas , Carrefour , and Pétion-Ville ) are all administered by their own municipal councils. The seat of the state, the Presidential Palace , is located in the Champ de Mars, square plaza of the city. The PNdH ( Police Nationale d’Haïti ) is the authority governing the enforcement of city laws. The national police force as of recently, have been increasing in number. However, because of its ailing ineffectiveness and insufficient manpower,

2992-497: The foreigners. After Columbus tortured and killed many in his quest for gold, he turned to slavery and sugar cane plantations as a way to profit from his voyages. Enriquillo's father, his aunt Anacaona , and eighty other regional chieftains were killed by Nicolás de Ovando while attending supposed "peace talks" with the Spanish in Jaragua. During the talks, Spanish soldiers ambushed the chieftains, also known as caciques, set

3060-469: The issue to the Spanish courts, nothing could be done, since it was Doña Mencia's word against the Spaniard's word. This, according to some writers, was the tipping point for Enriquillo which led to his revolt in the Bahoruco mountains. Several revolts followed in the first half of the 16th century; the most famous began in 1519. Enriquillo, one of the few remaining caciques, or indigenous chiefs, started

3128-420: The meeting house on fire, and then proceeded to kill anyone who fled the flames (causing his father's death). Enriquillo, an orphan, was later raised in a Santo Domingo monastery and given the name of "Enrico". One of his mentors was Bartolomé de las Casas . De las Casas was a Spanish Roman Catholic Priest focused on the rights of Native Americans. Enriquillo owned a steed and could read and write Castilian. He

3196-519: The method that he applied of irregular warfare and his cunning, patience and prudence; the efficient information and supply service that he organized in the region, in the high mountains of the Sierra, made him feared by the Spaniards . A true military leader, a great captain, capable of facing and defeating the representatives of the most powerful nation in the world at that time. Their resistance forced

3264-416: The metropolitan area's population at around 3.7 million, nearly a third of the country's national population. The city was catastrophically affected by a massive earthquake in 2010, with large numbers of structures damaged or destroyed. Haiti's government estimated the death toll to be 230,000. Gang violence is extensive, and kidnappings , massacres and gang rapes are common occurrences, often with

3332-469: The mountains and although there is talk of a visit to Santo Domingo accompanied by his wife, nothing confirms that fact. By the success of his negotiations, he became the “Liberator of the Quisqueyanos”. According to sources, the chief Enriquillo settled in the area that is today the province of Monte Plata , and lived in the town of Boya, now known as Sabana Grande de Boya, where he died. The tomb of

3400-573: The murder rate in Port-au-Prince was 60.9 murders per 100,000 residents in February 2012. In the 22 months after the end of the President Aristide era in 2004, the murder rate for Port-au-Prince reached a high of 219 murders per 100,000 residents per year. High-crime zones in the Port-au-Prince area include Croix-des-Bouquets , Cité Soleil , Carrefour , Bel Air , Martissant, the port road (Boulevard La Saline), urban route Nationale 1,

3468-508: The native peoples, wrote sympathetically of Enriquillo. Enriquillo was born on the shores of Lake Jaragua (currently Lake Enriquillo in Dominican Republic ), around 1500. He was a part of the Taíno people, who had an advanced government, cultural traditions, and agricultural practices. Good relations between Christopher Columbus and the indigenous Taíno of the large island Columbus called Hispaniola did not last more than

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3536-651: The population could not survive. Port-au-Prince has several upscale districts in which crime rates are significantly lower than in the city center. Port-au-Prince has a tourism industry. The Toussaint Louverture International Airport (referred to often as the Port-au-Prince International Airport) is the country's main international gateway for tourists. Tourists often visit the Pétion-Ville area of Port-au-Prince, with other sites of interest including gingerbread houses . There are

3604-506: The port and the surrounding region continued to be known as Hôpital , named after the filibusters ' hospital. French colonial commissioner Étienne Polverel named the city Port-Républicain on 23 September 1793 "in order that the inhabitants be kept continually in mind of the obligations which the French Revolution imposed on them." It was later renamed back to Port-au-Prince by Jacques I , Emperor of Haiti. When Haiti

3672-452: The region a more attractive target for marauding buccaneers . In order to protect the area, in 1706, a captain named de Saint-André sailed into the bay just below the hospital, in a ship named Le Prince . It is said that M. de Saint-André named the area Port-au-Prince (meaning "Port of the Prince"), but the port and the surrounding region continued to be known as Hôpital , but the islets in

3740-412: The region became a real French colony, the colonial administration began to worry about the continual presence of these pirates. While useful in repelling foreign pirates , they were relatively independent, unresponsive to orders from the colonial administration, and a potential threat to it. Therefore, in the winter of 1707, Choiseul-Beaupré , the governor of the region sought to get rid of what he saw as

3808-404: The remaining three months. Port-au-Prince generally experiences warm and humid conditions during the dry season and hot and humid conditions during the wet season. The population of the area was 1,234,742. The majority of the population is of African descent, but a prominent biracial minority controls many of the city's businesses. There are sizable numbers of residents, Asians , as well as

3876-400: The revolt with a large number of Taínos from the mountain range of Bahoruco . The Tainos were able to continue the rebellion because of their better knowledge of the region. As the Spaniards were not able to control the rebellion, a treaty was signed granting to the Native population among others the right of Freedom and of Possession . It had little consequences, however, as by this time

3944-482: The régime headed by Anacaona. He invited her and other tribal leaders to a feast, and when the Amerindians had drunk a good deal of wine (the Spaniards did not drink on that occasion), he ordered most of the guests killed. Anacaona was spared, only to be hanged publicly some time later. Through violence, introduced diseases and murders, the Spanish settlers decimated the native population. Direct Spanish rule over

4012-577: The world to have a main avenue named for American abolitionist hero John Brown . Another is named for another abolitionist hero, Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner . There is a celebration of Bawon Samdi and Gran Brigi called Fet Gede, which takes place from the Day of the Dead on 1 November through the third day of the month. This occurs in the national cemetery of Haiti. While celebrating, people wear Vodou white cotton clothing and purple headscarves. During

4080-501: Was approximately 400,000 at the time, but the Taínos were gone within 30 years of the arrival of the Spaniards. With the arrival of the Spaniards, the Amerindians were forced to accept a protectorate , and Bohechio, childless at death, was succeeded by his sister, Anacaona , wife of the cacique Caonabo . The Spanish insisted on larger tributes. Eventually, the Spanish colonial administration decided to rule directly, and in 1503, Nicolas Ovando , then governor, set about to put an end to

4148-636: Was attacked twice by caco rebels . The first battle , which took place in 1919, was a victory of the American and Haitian government forces, as was the second attack in 1920. On 12 January 2010, a 7.0 earthquake struck Port-au-Prince, devastating the city. Most of the central historic area of the city was destroyed, including Haiti's prized Cathédrale de Port-au-Prince , the capital building, Legislative Palace (the parliament building), Palace of Justice (Supreme Court building), several ministerial buildings, and at least one hospital. The second floor of

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4216-426: Was aware of his privileges or rights as a subject of the colony and was still recognized as a chief or nitaíno by the other indigenous people. For this reason, he served as a foreman for the encomendero. Enriquillo also had a wife, called Mencía, later with the noble title Doña due to Enriquillo's high standing and relations with the Spaniards. She was raped by a Spaniard named Valenzuela. When Enriquillo tried to take

4284-403: Was backfilling a rocky reef, in order to provide for the establishment of a defense system for ships sheltered in the bay, to protect them against attack ships belonging to other powers, pirates and privateers plying the region. The first real port facilities date back to 1911. A narrow pier 610 m, flanked by a pier 183 meters long and 14.5 m wide and touching the southern flank of Fort Islet formed

4352-445: Was captured and hanged, while Enriquillo succeeded in his revolt. Most historians believe both rebels were the same person, arguing that the tales of Guarocuya's demise are identical to the more verifiable accounts of the capture and execution of his aunt Anacaona. It is also well documented that the character of Enriquillo was married to Mencía, the mestiza granddaughter of Anacaona. His name, Enriquillo, would come after his baptism as

4420-592: Was divided between a kingdom in the north and a republic in the south, Port-au-Prince was the capital of the republic, under the leadership of Alexandre Pétion . Henri Christophe renamed the city Port-aux-Crimes after the assassination of Jacques I at Pont Larnage (now known as Pont-Rouge, and located north of the city). The Port-au-Prince area was part of the Xaragua chiefdom with the capital city, Yaguana being in Léoganes. There were multiple Taino settlements in

4488-409: Was here that the governor lived. On the other hand, the surrounding region, Petite-Rivière, was quite poor. Following a great fire in 1711, Ester was abandoned. Yet the French presence in the region continued to grow, and soon afterward, a new city was founded to the south, Léogâne . While the first French presence in Hôpital, the region later to contain Port-au-Prince was that of the flibustiers ; as

4556-433: Was once a popular place for cruises, but has lost nearly all of its tourism, and no longer has cruise ships coming into port. Unemployment in Port-au-Prince is high, and compounded further by underemployment. Levels of economic activity remain prominent throughout the city, especially among people selling goods and services on the streets. Informal employment is believed to be widespread in Port-au-Prince's slums, as otherwise

4624-420: Was the same person as the cacique Guarocuya which would mean that Enriquillo belonged to the highest house of the Jaragua cacicazgo . Guarocuya was the nephew of Anacaona , sister to the cacique of Jaragua Bohechío and his eventual successor once Bohechío was killed. Anacaona was married to Caonabo , who was the cacique of the neighboring Maguana kingdom. A minority of historians, however, claim that Guarocuya

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