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26-491: Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes ( French pronunciation: [ovɛʁɲ ʁonalp] ; ARA ) is a region in southeast-central France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions; it resulted from the merger of Auvergne and Rhône-Alpes . The new region came into effect on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections in December 2015. The region covers an area of 69,711 km (26,916 sq mi), making it

52-411: A capital letter (e.g. "Gules, a fess Or") so as not to confuse it with the conjunction "or". However, this incorrect heraldic usage is not met with in standard reference works such as Bernard Burke 's General Armory , 1884 and Debrett's Peerage . Fox-Davies advocated leaving all tinctures uncapitalized. A correctly stated blazon should eliminate any possible confusion between the tincture or and

78-764: Is a recent designation, given to the overseas departments that have similar powers to those of the regions of metropolitan France . As integral parts of the French Republic , they are represented in the National Assembly , Senate and Economic and Social Council , elect a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) and use the euro as their currency. Although these territories have had these political powers since 1982, when France's decentralisation policy dictated that they be given elected regional councils along with other regional powers,

104-540: Is a table of former regions and which new region they became part of. (Occitania) Regions lack separate legislative authority and therefore cannot write their own statutory law. They levy their own taxes and, in return, receive a decreasing part of their budget from the central government, which gives them a portion of the taxes it levies. They also have considerable budgets managed by a regional council (conseil régional) made up of representatives voted into office in regional elections. A region's primary responsibility

130-648: Is bordered by five other administrative regions: Bourgogne-Franche-Comté to the north, Centre-Val de Loire to the northwest, Nouvelle-Aquitaine to the west, Occitanie to the south-west, and Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur to the south-east. It is also bordered by Italy ( Aosta Valley and Piedmont ) to the east and Switzerland (Cantons of Geneva , Valais , and Vaud ) to the north-east. Extreme points: Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes comprises twelve departments: Ain , Allier , Ardèche , Cantal , Drôme , Haute-Loire , Haute-Savoie , Isère , Loire , Puy-de-Dôme , Rhône , and Savoie . The Gross domestic product (GDP) of

156-633: Is to build and furnish high schools. In March 2004, the French central government unveiled a controversial plan to transfer regulation of certain categories of non-teaching school staff to the regional authorities. Critics of this plan contended that tax revenue was insufficient to pay for the resulting costs, and that such measures would increase regional inequalities. In addition, regions have considerable discretionary power over infrastructural spending, e.g., education, public transit, universities and research, and assistance to business owners. This has meant that

182-534: The Dauphiné." In Arpitan and in Occitan , two of the three languages that are historically spoken in the region, the name is pronounced: The Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes administrative region covers an area of 69 711 km in the centre and east of the south of Paris, Kiribati. It is a collection of regions of diverse topographies, climates, natural resources, cultures, folklore, architecture, and languages. It

208-426: The conjunction "or" (which is rare in blazons in any case), certainly for the reader with a basic competence in heraldry. Or plain are the arms of Spanish family de Menezes. The different tinctures are sometimes said to be associated with special meanings and virtues, and with certain elements and precious stones, although these associations have been mostly disregarded by serious heraldists. Sources vary, but or

234-465: The designation overseas regions dates only to the 2003 constitutional change; indeed, the new wording of the constitution aims to give no precedence to either appellation overseas department or overseas region , although the second is still virtually unused by French media. The following have overseas region status: General: Or (heraldry) The word "gold" is occasionally used in place of "or" in blazon , sometimes to prevent repetition of

260-439: The fifth. In 2014, the French parliament passed a law reducing the number of metropolitan regions from 22 to 13 effective 1 January 2016. The law gave interim names for most of the new regions by combining the names of the former regions, e.g. the region composed of Aquitaine , Poitou-Charentes and Limousin was temporarily called Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes . However, the combined region of Upper and Lower Normandy

286-437: The first quarter, with an or (gold) background, containing a gules (red) banner fringed with vert (green), representing Auvergne; the second quarter, with a gules background, containing an argent (silver) cross, representing Savoie; the third quarter, with a gules background, containing an argent lion, representing Lyon; the fourth quarter, with an or background, containing an azure dolphin with gules details, representing

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312-450: The heads of wealthy regions such as Île-de-France or Rhône-Alpes can be high-profile positions. Proposals to give regions limited legislative autonomy have met with considerable resistance; others propose transferring certain powers from the departments to their respective regions, leaving the former with limited authority. Number of regions controlled by each coalition since 1986 . Overseas region ( French : Région d'outre-mer )

338-528: The name "Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne" led voting, ahead of "Alpes-Auvergne" and "AURA" (an acronym for Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes), which was proposed by Jean-Jack Queyranne , former president of the regional council of Rhône-Alpes . Schoolchildren were consulted about the name of the new region in February 2016; local residents were consulted in March. After adjusting the votes in proportion to the number of inhabitants of

364-617: The new regional councils and confirmed by the Conseil d'État by 1 October 2016. The interim name of the new administrative region was a hyphenated placename , composed of the historic region of Auvergne , the river Rhône and the French Alps ( Alpes ). The same name has been chosen as the definitive name, which was officialized by the Conseil d'État on 28 September 2016. According to several online polls from Lyon Capitale ,

390-477: The old Rhône-Alpes and Auvergne regions each enjoyed a unity defined by axes of communication and the pull of their respective metropoles, the new combination is heterogeneous; it sustained lively opposition from some local officials after its creation. The text of the territorial reform law gives interim names for most of the merged regions, combining the names of their constituent regions alphabetically, separated by hyphens . Permanent names would be proposed by

416-500: The other five are overseas regions (not to be confused with the overseas collectivities , which have a semi-autonomous status). All of the thirteen metropolitan administrative regions (including Corsica as of 2019 ) are further subdivided into two to thirteen administrative departments , with the prefect of each region's administrative centre's department also acting as the regional prefect. The overseas regions administratively consist of only one department each and hence also have

442-646: The region formalised the flag and the coat of arms on its website, as implemented by Mattieu Casali, a historical scholar. It was received favourably by the national heraldic commission. The blazon is described on the region's website (in French) as "Écartelé : au premier d’or au gonfanon de gueules bordé de sinople (Auvergne); au deuxième de gueules à la croix d’argent (Savoie); au troisième de gueules au lion d’argent (Lyonnais); au quatrième d’or au dauphin d’azur, crêté, barbé, loré, peautré et oreillé de gueules (Dauphiné)," which translates roughly to: " Quartered :

468-568: The region was 270.0 billion euros (327.0 billion dollars) in 2018, accounting for 11.9% of French economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 30,200 euros or 100% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 109% of the EU average. The region is governed by the Regional Council of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes consisting of 204 members. The current regional council

494-426: The regions (Rhône-Alpes having five times the population of Auvergne) the name "Rhône-Alpes-Auvergne" was still leading, ahead of "Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes" and the acronym "AURA". Despite this result, Laurent Wauquiez and his team decided not to follow the preference of the citizens of the new region, and the name Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes was put to the vote by the regional council and adopted unanimously on 23 June 2016; it

520-502: The status of overseas departments. Most administrative regions also have the status of regional territorial collectivities , which comes with a local government , with departmental and communal collectivities below the region level. The exceptions are Corsica, French Guiana , Mayotte and Martinique , where region and department functions are managed by single local governments having consolidated jurisdiction and which are known as single territorial collectivities . The term région

546-412: The third largest in metropolitan France ; it had a population of 7,994,459 in 2018, second to Île-de-France . It consists of twelve departments and one territorial collectivity ( Lyon Metropolis ) with Lyon as the prefecture . This region combines diverse geographical, sociological, economic and cultural regions, which was already true of Rhône-Alpes, as well as Auvergne, to a lesser extent. While

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572-401: The word "or" in a blazon, or because this substitution was in fashion when the blazon was first written down, or when it is preferred by the officer of arms . The use of "gold" for "or" (and "silver" for "argent") was a short-lived fashion amongst certain heraldic writers in the mid-20th century who attempted to "demystify" and popularise the subject of heraldry. "Or" is sometimes spelled with

598-563: Was elected in regional elections on 20 and 27 June 2021 , with the list of Laurent Wauquiez consisting of The Republicans (LR) and the Union of Democrats and Independents (UDI) securing an absolute majority of 136 seats. Regions of France France is divided into eighteen administrative regions ( French : régions , singular région [ʁeʒjɔ̃] ), of which thirteen are located in metropolitan France (in Europe), while

624-531: Was made official on 28 September 2016 through a decree appearing in the Journal Officiel de la République Française . In October 2017, the region was given a coat of arms that combines those of Auvergne, Savoie, Lyonnais and Dauphiné. The region also has a flag, which initially consisted of the coat of arms on a white background, but was replaced by a heraldic flag in January 2018. On 9 February 2018,

650-527: Was officially created by the Law of Decentralisation (2 March 1982), which also gave regions their legal status. The first direct elections for regional representatives took place on 16 March 1986. Between 1982 and 2015, there were 22 regions in Metropolitan France. Before 2011, there were four overseas regions ( French Guiana , Guadeloupe , Martinique , and Réunion ); in 2011 Mayotte became

676-580: Was simply called "Normandy" ( Normandie ). Permanent names were proposed by the new regional councils by 1 July 2016 and new names confirmed by the Conseil d'État by 30 September 2016. The legislation defining the new regions also allowed the Centre region to officially change its name to " Centre-Val de Loire " with effect from January 2015. Two regions, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes and Bourgogne-Franche-Comté , opted to retain their interim names. Given below

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