142-552: Auberge Resorts (officially Auberge Resorts Collection ) is an American multinational hospitality group headquartered in Mill Valley, California and Bethesda, Maryland . Founded in 1981 as Auberge du Soleil , the group currently operates 27 hotels and resorts (2023) in the United States, Mexico and Europe. As of 2023, the group employed over 1,000 people worldwide with an annual revenue of $ 300m+. Auberge plans to open
284-514: A "Goheen Home". George C. Goheen built the so-called "defense homes" for defense workers throughout the 1940s and 1950s in the Alto neighborhood. With a population just over 7,000 by 1950, Mill Valley was still relatively rural. Workers commuted to San Francisco on the Greyhound bus when the streets were not flooding in heavy rain, and there still were not any traffic lights. The military built
426-793: A 320-foot (98 m) span that passes over the Bixby Creek gorge, the Rocky Creek Bridge , and the Big Creek Bridge . After crossing the Carmel River, SR 1 turns inland and runs along the eastern boundary of Carmel and the western boundary of Carmel Valley before becoming a freeway in Monterey . After bypassing the immediate coastline of Pebble Beach and the rest of the Monterey Peninsula ,
568-503: A change in wind direction. In October of that year, the Mt. Tamalpais and Muir Woods Scenic Railway ran for the last time. The fire caused great devastation to tourism and tourist destinations, but the railroads were also crushed by the automobile . Panoramic Highway, running between Mill Valley and Stinson Beach was built in 1929–1930. The stock market crash of 1929 and the ensuing Great Depression crippled what little railroad tourism there
710-556: A debt, Throckmorton acquired a large portion of Rancho Saucelito in 1853–54 and built his own rancho, "The Homestead," on what is now Linden Lane and Montford Avenue. The descendants of ranch superintendent Jacob Gardner continue to be active in Marin. Some of the rest of his land was leased out for dairy farming to Portuguese settlers. A majority of the immigrants came from the Azores . Those who were unsuccessful at gold mining came north to
852-579: A facelift; it was rebuilt to the same specifications as the original in 1991. The 1990s also saw another influx of affluence. Many new homeowners gutted homes built in the 19th and early 20th centuries or tore them down altogether. The dawn of the new millennium brought reflection on the past, as the city celebrated 100 years of incorporation. Soon after Mill Valley got its brand new Community Center at 180 Camino Alto, adjacent to Mill Valley Middle School . On January 31, 2008, Mill Valley's sewage treatment plant spilled 2.45 million gallons of sewage into
994-443: A female householder with no husband present, and 44.4% were non-families. 34.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.85. 21.2% of the population was under the age of 18, 2.9% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 32.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age
1136-640: A four lane road as the Cabrillo Highway. It rejoins the coast in Morro Bay , running through that city as a freeway, where it crosses Morro Creek at the site of a prehistoric Chumash settlement dating to the Millingstone Horizon . From there, SR 1 proceeds north to Cayucos until it again becomes a winding, two lane road with occasional passing lanes. It then continues along the coast through Cambria and San Simeon , and past
1278-487: A freeway from its southern terminus all the way to Oxnard, including building an offshore causeway from the Santa Monica Pier to Topanga Canyon Boulevard south of Malibu, were ultimately killed by 1971 due to local opposition. In 1980, another section was added northwest of Ventura near Emma Wood State Beach , when several miles of the old two-lane alignment of U.S. Route 101 were posted as SR 1 where
1420-816: A further five properties which include Collegio alla Querce in Florence, Italy , The Dunlin in Kiawah River, South Carolina, The Hearst Hotel in San Francisco, California, Shell Bay Club and Resort in Florida and The Knox in Dallas, Texas . All these ventures will open between 2024 and 2026. Mill Valley, California Mill Valley is a city in Marin County , California , United States , located about 14 miles (23 km) north of San Francisco via
1562-633: A narrow, winding, steep road known as Pedro Mountain Road connected Montara with Pacifica. That highway was completed in 1914 and provided competition to the Ocean Shore Railroad , which operated between San Francisco and Tunitas Creek from 1907 to 1920. SR 1 also used to run along the coast between Pacifica and Daly City, but this segment was damaged and rendered unusable after a 5.3 magnitude earthquake on March 22, 1957. A small stub remains near Thornton Beach . Route 56 along Big Sur
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#17328025764371704-620: A natural wilderness. Mill Valley and the Homestead Valley Land Trust maintains many minimally disturbed wildland areas and preserves which are open to the public from sunrise to dusk every day. Several nature trails allow access as well as providing gateway access to neighboring state and federal park lands, and the Mt. Tamalpais Watershed wildland on the broad eastern face of Mt. Tamalpais that overlooks Mill Valley. These are undeveloped natural areas and contain many species of wild animals, including some large predators like
1846-435: A new Children's Room, a downstairs Fiction Room, and Internet computers. It also joined MARINet, a consortium of all the public libraries in Marin, to allow patrons greater access to information. MARINet now has an online catalogue of all the materials, both physical and electronic, in the Marin public libraries, which patrons can order, pick up, and drop off materials at any of the participating libraries. The Old Mill also got
1988-696: A new Mission San Rafael, built in 1817. Over 200 surviving Coast Miwok were taken there from Mission Dolores and Mission San Jose—including the 17 survivors of the Huimen Coast Miwok of the Richardson Bay area California Missions. By 1834, the Mission era had ended and California was under the control of the Mexican government. They took Miwok ancestral lands, divided them and gave them to Mexican soldiers or relatives who had connections with
2130-493: A noted engineer to lay out roads, pedestrian paths, and step-systems for what the developers hoped would become a new city. He also built the Cascade Dam & Reservoir for water supply, and set aside land plots for churches, schools, and parks. On May 31, 1890, nearly 3,000 people attended The Tamalpais Land & Water Co. land auction near the now-crumbling sawmill. More than 200 acres (0.81 km ) were sold that day in
2272-451: A permanent annual event and the old Carnegie library was replaced with an award-winning library at 375 Throckmorton Ave. Designed by architect Donn Emmons, the new library was formally dedicated on September 18, 1966. The 1970s saw a change in attitude and population. Mill Valley became an area associated with great wealth, with many people making their millions in San Francisco and moving north. New schools and neighborhoods cropped up, though
2414-516: A political party. The combination of Mill Valley's idyllic location nestled beneath Mount Tamalpais coupled with its relative ease of access to nearby San Francisco has made it a popular home for many high-income commuters . Over the last 30 years, following a trend that is endemic throughout the Bay Area , home prices have climbed in Mill Valley (the median price for a single-family home
2556-786: A popular route for tourists. The route annually helps bring several billion dollars to the state's tourism industry. Segments of SR 1 range from urban freeway to simple rural two-lane road. Under the California Coastal Act , those segments of the highway that run through the rural areas of the protected California Coastal Zone may not be widened beyond a scenic two-lane road. At its southernmost end in Orange County , SR 1 terminates at I-5 in Capistrano Beach in Dana Point . It then travels west into
2698-633: A scenic route to numerous attractions along the coast, the route also serves as a major thoroughfare in the Greater Los Angeles Area , the San Francisco Bay Area , and several other coastal urban areas. SR 1 was built piecemeal in various stages, with the first section opening in the Big Sur region in the 1930s. However, portions of the route had several names and numbers over the years as more segments opened. It
2840-555: A very large rock formation at the tip of the point that is called the Mugu Rock. At that point, PCH leaves the coast and heads north, and then northwest as a freeway along the northeastern boundary of Naval Base Ventura County Point Mugu for several miles to an interchange at Rice Avenue, Pleasant Valley Road, and Oxnard Boulevard in Oxnard . The reconstructed interchange at Rice Avenue and Pleasant Valley Road channels traffic north on
2982-652: A winding, two lane road as it passes over the Marin Hills to rejoin the coast at Muir Beach . After passing Stinson Beach and the Bolinas Lagoon , SR 1 avoids the immediate coastline of Point Reyes National Seashore and the rest of the Point Reyes Peninsula , and instead heads towards, and then along, the eastern shore of Tomales Bay . Leaving Tomales Bay, SR 1 heads further inland to intersect with Valley Ford Road just north of
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#17328025764373124-579: Is also home to the Lucretia Hanson Little History Room, which has thousands of books, photographs, newspapers, pamphlets, artifacts, and oral histories on the history of California, Marin County, and Mill Valley. Mill Valley is the home of several annual events, many of which attract national and international followings: Mill Valley has also been home to many artists, actors, authors, musicians, and TV personalities, and it
3266-508: Is an official National Scenic Byway . SR 1 is eligible to be included in the State Scenic Highway System ; however, only a few stretches between Los Angeles and San Francisco have officially been designated as a scenic highway, meaning that there are substantial sections of highway passing through a "memorable landscape" with no "visual intrusions", where the potential designation has gained popular favor with
3408-627: Is at Interstate 5 (I-5) near Dana Point in Orange County and its northern terminus is at U.S. Route 101 (US 101) near Leggett in Mendocino County . SR 1 also at times runs concurrently with US 101, most notably through a 54-mile (87 km) stretch in Ventura and Santa Barbara counties, and across the Golden Gate Bridge . The highway is designated as an All-American Road . In addition to providing
3550-475: Is locally known as The Fishhook due to its tight loop ramps that resemble a fishhook when viewed from above). After a short expressway section, it skirts downtown Santa Cruz as four-lane Mission Street, regaining the Cabrillo Highway designation (local/historic name is "Coast Road") after it leaves the city and continues north-west as a two-lane road (with occasional four-lane sections) up the coast through Davenport . Entering San Mateo County , SR 1 follows
3692-741: Is nonexistent) from the Mobil Pier Undercrossing runs for 54 miles (87 km), passing through the City of Santa Barbara and its neighboring communities along the coast of Santa Barbara County. The route then turns away from the Gaviota Coast at Gaviota State Beach , avoiding Point Conception , and heads due north through Gaviota State Park and the Gaviota Tunnel . In Las Cruces , SR 1, now named Cabrillo Highway, splits again from US 101 and heads northwest to
3834-733: Is part of the Tamalpais Union High School District , whose five campuses serve central and southern Marin County . North Bridge Academy, a private school located in downtown Mill Valley, serves 2nd - 8th grade students with dyslexia. Marin Horizon School is an independent school serving students in grades PK-8. Founded in 1977, the school enrolls 296 students. The municipal library overlooks Old Mill Park and provides many picturesque reading locations, as well as free computer and Internet access. The Mill Valley library first digitized its vast holdings under
3976-637: Is the oldest structure in Mill Valley. The San Francisco Savings & Union Bank organized the Tamalpais Land & Water Company in 1889 as an agency for disposing of the Richardson land gained from the Throckmorton debt. The board of directors was President Joseph Eastland, Secretary Louis L. Janes (Janes Street), Thomas Magee (Magee Avenue), Albert Miller (Miller Avenue), and Lovell White (Lovell Avenue). Eastland, who had been president of
4118-721: Is the setting for or is mentioned in many artworks. For example: California State Route 1 State Route 1 ( SR 1 ) is a major north–south state highway that runs along most of the Pacific coastline of the U.S. state of California . At 656 miles (1,056 km), it is the longest state route in California, and the second-longest in the US after Montana Highway 200 . SR 1 has several portions designated as either Pacific Coast Highway ( PCH ), Cabrillo Highway , Shoreline Highway , or Coast Highway . Its southern terminus
4260-477: Is what makes for the favorable ecology required by the Coastal Redwood forests which still cover much of the town and surrounding area, and have played such a pivotal role throughout the history of Mill Valley. The 2010 United States Census reported that Mill Valley had a population of 13,903. The population density was 2,868.2 inhabitants per square mile (1,107.4/km ). The racial makeup of Mill Valley
4402-731: The Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve . PCH then continues along the coast into Seal Beach , the final city on its journey in Orange County. PCH enters Los Angeles County and the city of Long Beach after crossing the San Gabriel River . SR 1 then continues northwest through the city to its junction with Lakewood Boulevard (State Route 19) and Los Coyotes Diagonal at the Los Alamitos Circle , more than 2 miles (3.2 km) from
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4544-830: The California Western Railroad . North of Fort Bragg as a two-lane highway again, SR 1 passes MacKerricher State Park and the towns of Cleone and Inglenook before crossing Ten Mile River . After passing Westport-Union Landing State Beach , the road goes through a series of redwood-forested switchbacks before reaching Rockport . North of Rockport, the highway turns away from the Lost Coast to avoid steep and unstable highlands created by Mendocino triple junction uplift. The highway follows Cottaneva Creek inland through redwood-forested mountainous terrain before terminating at US 101 just outside Leggett . SR 1 has become famous worldwide, but
4686-760: The Corte Madera and Larkspur areas with the Pacific Ocean , San Francisco Bay, and Richardson Bay as the other three borders. The former encompassed what is now southern Corte Madera, the Tiburon Peninsula , and Strawberry Point. In 1836, John Reed married Hilaria Sanchez, the daughter of a commandante in the San Francisco Presidio . He built the first sawmill in the county on the Cascade Creek (now Old Mill Park) in
4828-646: The Federal Highway Administration ordered Caltrans in 1995 to re-evaluate the proposed tunnel. Then on November 5, 1996, San Mateo County voters approved Measure T to change the county's official preference from the bypass to the tunnel. Ground eventually broke in 2005, and the Tom Lantos Tunnels opened in April 2013. In 2014, two-way traffic was restored along the original PCH segment from Copper Lantern to Blue Lantern streets in
4970-456: The Golden Gate Bridge and 52 miles (84 km) from Napa Valley . The population was 14,231 at the 2020 census . Mill Valley is located on the western and northern shores of Richardson Bay , and the eastern slopes of Mount Tamalpais . Beyond the flat coastal area and marshlands, it occupies narrow wooded canyons , mostly of second-growth redwoods , on the southeastern slopes of Mount Tamalpais. The Mill Valley 94941 ZIP Code also includes
5112-616: The Great Depression , the paved two-lane road was completed and opened on June 17, 1937. The road was initially called the Carmel-San Simeon Highway (Route 56), but was better known as the Roosevelt Highway, honoring the current President Franklin D. Roosevelt . A 1921 law extended Route 56 south over the county road to Cambria . Route 60, from Oxnard via the coast to San Juan Capistrano ,
5254-527: The King Range National Conservation Area . The roadway along Devil's Slide , south of Pacifica , became the site of frequent deadly crashes and roadway-closing landslides . Beginning in 1958, Caltrans supported a plan to construct an inland bypass over Montara Mountain as an alternate route, but was eventually opposed by community and environmental groups who supported a tunnel instead. After decades of legal disputes,
5396-543: The Marin Headlands and later brought their families. In Mill Valley, Ranch "B" is one of the few remaining dairy farm buildings and is located near the parking lot at the Tennessee Valley trailhead. Throckmorton also suffered devastating financial problems before his death in 1887. His surname would later be applied to one of the major thoroughfares in Mill Valley. Richardson and Reed had never formalized
5538-708: The Mill Valley Air Force Station to protect the area during the Korean War . In 1956, a group of Beat poets and writers lived briefly in the Perry house, most notably Jack Kerouac and San Francisco Renaissance Beat poet Gary Snyder . The house and its land is now owned by the Marin County Open Space District. By the beginning of the 1960s, however, the population swelled. The Mill Valley Fall Arts Festival became
5680-752: The Sonoma County border. It then rejoins the coast in Bodega Bay , where its name changes to Coast Highway past the Sonoma Coast State Beaches . After bridging the Russian River at Jenner , SR 1 continues to wind along the rugged coast to Fort Ross , Salt Point State Parks , and the planned community of Sea Ranch . SR 1 then crosses the Gualala River and enters Mendocino County . The highway enters
5822-916: The United States House of Representatives , Mill Valley is in California's 2nd congressional district , represented by Democrat Jared Huffman . From 2008 to 2012, Huffman represented Marin County in the California State Assembly . In the California State Legislature , Mill Valley is in: According to the California Secretary of State , as of February 10, 2019, Mill Valley has 10,189 registered voters. Of those, 6,270 (61.5%) are registered Democrats , 965 (9.5%) are registered Republicans , and 2,605 (25.6%) have declined to state
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5964-543: The Ventura River and Carpinteria had been an unimproved route along small alluvial fan beaches that skirted coastal bluff rock outcroppings at low tide. Construction of the Southern Pacific Coast Line railroad had created a road flanked by riprap along this area. In order to make this part of the first coastal route for motorists driving from San Francisco to Los Angeles , they paved
6106-431: The coyote , the bobcat , and the cougar . Mill Valley has a mild Mediterranean climate which results in relatively wet winters and very dry summers. Winter lows rarely drop below freezing and summer highs rarely peak 90 °F (32 °C) with 90% of the annual rain falling in November through March. Wind speeds average lower than national averages in winter months and higher in summer, and often become quite gusty in
6248-437: The historic beach route along the Rincon coast that was originally opened up by the construction of the Railroad Coastal Route from Emma Wood State Beach to the Mobil Pier Undercrossing near Sea Cliff , where it rejoins US 101 about 3 miles (4.8 km) south of the Santa Barbara County line near La Conchita . The US 101/SR 1 concurrency (although actual signage mentioning SR 1 through this segment
6390-400: The "Huimen" people. At the mission, they were taught the Catholic faith, lost all of their known freedom, and over three-quarters died as a result of exposure to foreign diseases, to which the Native Americans lacked immunity. Nearly just as many people died from violent acts perpetrated by the Spaniards and Europeans. As a result of the high death rate at Mission Dolores, it was decided to build
6532-422: The 100 Best Places to Live in the United States. In 2007, MSN and Forbes magazine ranked Mill Valley seventy-third on its "Most expensive zip codes in America" list. While Mill Valley has retained elements of its earlier artistic culture through galleries, festivals, and performances, its stock of affordable housing has diminished, forcing some residents to leave the area. This trend has also affected some of
6674-492: The 1929 fire. This occurred as a result of a drop in ridership due to increased usage of automobiles rather than trains for recreation and construction of the Panoramic Highway and connecting road to Ridgecrest in 1929. Rails connected Mill Valley with neighboring cities and commuters to San Francisco via ferries. By 1900, the population was nearing 900 and the locals pushed out the Tamalpais Land & Water Co. in favor of incorporation. Organizations and clubs cropped up including
6816-406: The Cabrillo Highway in 1959, after the explorer Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo who sailed along the coast line. The legislature also designated the route as the Shoreline Highway in 1957 between the Manzanita Junction near Marin City and Leggett . Smaller segments of the highway have been assigned several other names by the state and municipal governments. For the most part, SR 1 runs parallel to
6958-577: The Cabrillo Highway turns northwest back towards the coast to Guadalupe . It enters San Luis Obispo County , avoiding the immediate coastline of the protected Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes , before passing through Grover Beach and subsequently joining US 101 for the third time at Pismo Beach . The US 101/SR 1 concurrency then avoids the immediate coastline of Avila Beach and Diablo Canyon Power Plant , and instead heads straight inland to San Luis Obispo . SR 1 splits from US 101 at Santa Rosa Street in San Luis Obispo and then resumes as
7100-472: The City and County of San Francisco , SR 1 splits from Interstate 280, where the road becomes Junipero Serra Boulevard . Shortly thereafter, the highway makes a slight left, becoming the six-lane wide 19th Avenue ; the San Francisco Municipal Railway 's M Ocean View streetcar line runs in the median from this point until a junction to a rail only right-of-way near Rossmoor Drive. SR 1 then turns into Park Presidio Boulevard after it passes through
7242-450: The Dana Point city center after 25 years of one-way operation. During that period, only northbound traffic had flowed along this section of PCH while southbound traffic had been diverted onto the parallel Del Prado Avenue. SR 1 has never been planned to extend south into San Diego , or north into Crescent City , where I-5 (which replaced the US 101 designation and signage between Los Angeles and San Diego) and US 101 serve as
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#17328025764377384-754: The Legislature by state law named SR 1 "Pacific Coast Highway" in Orange, Los Angeles and Ventura counties, "Cabrillo Highway" from Santa Barbara north to San Francisco, and "Shoreline Highway" from Marin County to its northern terminus. Many cities, however, did not change the name of city streets that are part of SR 1, such as Lincoln and Sepulveda boulevards in Los Angeles, Santa Monica and El Segundo; and Junipero Serra and Park Presidio boulevards in San Francisco. Several other cities and communities like Newport Beach and Bodega Bay merely named their respective city streets as "Coast Highway". The freeway portion of SR 1 from Highway 68 in Monterey to Munras Avenue opened in 1956–1960. The segment from Munras Avenue to
7526-541: The Los Angeles metro area, Monterey, Santa Cruz, and San Francisco metro area is part of the National Highway System , a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration . The California State Legislature has also relinquished state control of segments within Dana Point , Newport Beach , Santa Monica , and Oxnard ; those segments are now maintained by those respective municipalities. The Big Sur section from San Luis Obispo to Carmel
7668-411: The Lucretia Hanson Little History Room in the library opened and became the base of operations for the Mill Valley Historical Society. Marin County was hit with one of the worst droughts on record beginning in 1976 and peaking in 1977, brought on by a combination of several seasons of low rainfall and a refusal to import water from the Russian River , instead relying solely on rain water from Mt. Tam and
7810-460: The Mexican governor. The huge tracts of land, called ranchos by the Mexican settlers, or Californios , soon covered the area. The Miwoks who had not died or fled were often employed under a state of indentured servitude to the California land grant owners. That same year, the governor of Alta California, José Figueroa , awarded to John T. Reed the first land grant in Marin, Rancho Corte Madera del Presidio . Just west of that, Rancho Saucelito
7952-549: The Mill Valley area. Nearby archaeological discoveries include rock carvings and grain-grinding sites on Ring Mountain . The pre- Missionization population of the Coast Miwok is estimated to have been between 1,500 (Alfred L. Kroeber's estimate for the year 1770 AD) and 2,000 (Sherburne F. Cook's estimate for the same year ). The pre-Spanish era Coast Miwok population may have even been as high as 5,000. Cook speculated that by 1848, their population had decreased to merely 300, from foreign disease-exposure and Spanish violence, and
8094-465: The Mill Valley area: Mill Valley maintains many recreational parks which often contain playgrounds, wooded trails and other designated areas specifically designed for playing various sports. Public schools are managed by the Mill Valley School District . There are five elementary schools and one middle school, Mill Valley Middle School , a four-time winner of the California Distinguished School Award. The local high school, Tamalpais High School ,
8236-539: The North Pacific Coast Railroad in 1877 and retained an interest, pushed to extend the railroad into the area in 1889. Though Reed, Richardson, and the Cushings were crucial to bringing people to the Mill Valley area, it was Eastland who really propelled the area and set the foundation for the city today. He had founded power companies all around the San Francisco Bay area, was on the board of several banks, and had control of several commercial companies. The Tamalpais Land & Water Co. hired Michael M. O'Shaughnessy , already
8378-405: The Outdoor Art Club (1902) (organized by Laura Lyon White ), Masonic Lodge (1903) which celebrated its centennial in 2003 and the Dipsea Race (1905), the latter marking its 100th anniversary in 2010. The second big population boom came after the 1906 Great earthquake . While much of San Francisco and Marin County was devastated, many fled to Mill Valley and most never left. In that year alone
8520-403: The Pacific Coast Highway (commonly referred to as "PCH", without the definite article "the", unlike other freeway numbers in the Los Angeles area ). Between US 101 at the Las Cruces junction (8 miles [13 km] south of Buellton ) and US 101 in Pismo Beach , and between US 101 in San Luis Obispo and Interstate 280 in San Francisco, the legislature also designated SR 1 as
8662-405: The San Francisco Bay. This marked the second such spill in Mill Valley within a week (the previous one spilled 2.7 million gallons), and the most recent of several that occurred in Marin County in early 2008. Mill Valley's treatment plant attributed the spills to "human error". The spills caused distress in Mill Valley's administrative government, which remains outspoken about "dedicating itself to
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#17328025764378804-401: The Strawberry and Almonte neighborhoods. Another famous Mill Valley site was in the Manzanita area, underneath the Fireside Inn, previously known as the Manzanita Roadhouse (and the Manzanita Hotel, Emil Plasberg's Top Rail, and Top Rail Tavern); the bulk of such establishments were notoriously regarded during the time of United States Prohibition -era gin joints and brothels . The Manzanita
8946-417: The Sulphur Springs, a natural hot spring where locals could revive their lagging spirits, was covered over and turned in the playground of the Old Mill Elementary School .1929 was a year of great change for Mill Valley. The Great Fire raged for several days in early July and nearly destroyed the fledgling city. It ravaged much of Mt. Tam (including the Tavern and 117 homes) and the city itself was spared only by
9088-414: The Tavern of Tamalpais on the mountain summit (built in 1896, rebuilt after the 1923 fire, and razed in 1950 by the California State Parks), the West Point Inn (built in 1904, by the scenic railway, operated commercially until 1943, closed briefly and then run by volunteers to the present day), and the Muir Woods Inn (burned in 1913, rebuilt in 1914, destroyed in 1930). The tracks were removed in 1930 after
9230-440: The Unknown Museum shut their doors, as did Red Cart Market and Tamalpais Hardware. In their places came boutiques, upscale clothing stores, coffee shops, art galleries, and gourmet grocery stores. Downtown Plaza and Lytton Square were remodeled to fit the new attitude. The population in the city alone swelled over 13,000 and many of the old, narrow, winding streets grew clogged with traffic congestion. The Public Library expanded with
9372-411: The Victorian community of Mendocino . Continuing north, SR 1 crosses Russian Gulch State Park on the Frederick W. Panhorst Bridge , and passes through the town of Caspar . It passes through a roundabout just south of the intersection with the western terminus of SR 20 , where it widens to two lanes, then bridges the Noyo River at Noyo , becomes Main Street of Fort Bragg , and crosses
9514-574: The West Marin watersheds to fill the then-six reservoirs. By June 1977, the County managed to pipe in water from the Sacramento River Delta , staving off disaster. The rainfall during the winter of 1977-78 was one of the heaviest on record. The Mill Valley Film Festival , now part of the California Film Institute , began in 1978 at the Sequoia Theatre. The 1980s and 1990s saw the decline of small businesses in Mill Valley. Local establishments like Lockwood's Pharmacy closed in 1981 after running almost continuously for 86 years. Old Mill Tavern, O'Leary's, and
9656-431: The age of 18 living in them, 2,984 (49.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 465 (7.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 178 (2.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 306 (5.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 55 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 2,016 households (33.1%) were made up of individuals, and 888 (14.6%) had someone living alone who
9798-415: The area, including the Masonic Lodge in 1904. Before his death in 1894, Eastland built a large summer home, "Burlwood", constructed on Throckmorton Avenue in 1892 that still stands though much of the original land has been parceled off. Burlwood was the first home in the town to have electricity, and when telephones were installed only he and Mrs. Cushing, the owner of the Blithedale Hotel, had service. After
9940-407: The area, with no connection to the other side of the Santa Lucia Mountains except for Nacimiento-Fergusson Road . The road briefly leaves the coast for a few miles, passing through a redwood forest in the Big Sur River valley. The Big Sur segment of the highway, built between 1919 and 1937, also crosses a number of historic bridges, including the scenic Bixby Bridge , a reinforced concrete arch with
10082-401: The areas of present-day Throckmorton, Cascade, Lovell, Summit, and Miller Avenues and extending to the west side of Corte Madera Avenue. By 1892, there were two schools in the area and a few churches. The auction also brought into Mill Valley architects, builders, and craftsmen. Harvey A. Klyce was one of the most prominent of the architects and designed many private homes and public buildings in
10224-427: The birthplace of Chief Marin in 1781; the plaque was dedicated on May 8, 2009. The village site was first identified by Nels Nelson in 1907, and his excavation revealed tools, burials and food debris, among other things, just beyond the driveway of a residence on Locust Ave. At that time, the mound was 20 feet (6.1 m) high. Shell mounds have been discovered in areas by streams and along Richardson Bay, including in
10366-554: The boundary lines separating their ranchos. Richardson's heirs successfully sued Reed's heirs in 1860 claiming the mill was built on their property. The border was officially marked as running along the Arroyo Corte Madera del Presidio along present-day Miller Avenue. Everything to the east of the creek was Reed property, and everything to the west was Richardson land. It was Richardson's territory that would soon become part of Mill Valley when Throckmorton's daughter Suzanna
10508-414: The canyon regions of town. California coastal fog often affects Mill Valley, making relative humidity highly variable. The wetter winter months tend to make for a more consistent daily relative humidity around 70-90% (slightly higher than US averages). During the summer months, however, while the morning fog often keeps morning humidity normal, in a typical 70-80% range, by afternoon after the fog burns off,
10650-418: The city center. After leaving Dana Point, Pacific Coast Highway (PCH) becomes simply "Coast Highway" while at the same time continuing northwest along the coast through Laguna Beach (where it meets the southern terminus of SR 133 ) and Crystal Cove State Park . SR 1 then enters Newport Beach and passes through several affluent neighborhoods, including Newport Coast and Corona Del Mar , spans
10792-673: The city from 1941 through 1970 and helped increase the Marin population. With the demise of the railroads came the introduction of local bus service. Greyhound moved into the former train depot in Lytton Square in October 1940. In Sausalito, Marinship brought over 75,000 people to Marin, many of whom moved to Mill Valley permanently. At the height of the War, nearly 400 locals were fighting, including many volunteer firemen and government officials. By 1950, 1 in 10 Mill Valleyans were living in
10934-423: The city in 2010 was 85.8% non-Hispanic White , 0.8% non-Hispanic African American , 0.1% Native American , 5.3% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 0.3% from other races , and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.5% of the population. There were 6,147 households, of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, 7.6% had
11076-622: The city maintained its defense of redwoods and protected open space. Cascade Dam, built in 1893, was closed in 1972 and drained four years later in an attempt to curb the "hordes" of young people using the reservoir for nude sunbathing and swimming. Youth subculture would come under attack again in 1974 when the City Council banned live music, first at the Sweetwater and later at the Old Mill Tavern, both now defunct. In 1977,
11218-484: The city of Lompoc . It is briefly joined with SR 246 along Lompoc's east-west Ocean Avenue, before turning north as H Street to Harris Grade Road, where it then regains the Cabrillo Highway name. After reaching the main entrance to Vandenberg Space Force Base , SR 1 turns northeast, away from the immediate coastline of the base, to join SR ;135 . Route 135 then splits from Route 1 south of Orcutt , and
11360-858: The city of Point Arena , in which it becomes Main Street, before following School Street to the northwest and then becoming Shoreline Highway once again. It bridges the Garcia River and then, near Elk , the Navarro River , where it meets SR 128 . At the town of Albion , the Albion River is spanned by the Albion River Bridge , the only remaining wooden trestle bridge on the highway. SR 1 then passes through Little River and Van Damme State Park , crosses Big River and passes through Mendocino Headlands State Park and
11502-612: The city's Golden Gate Park . Then after entering the Presidio of San Francisco , it goes through the MacArthur Tunnel before joining US 101 for a fourth time on the approach to the Golden Gate Bridge known as Doyle Drive. After crossing the bridge and entering Marin County , SR 1 then splits from US 101 again near Marin City , where it leaves the city and, as the Shoreline Highway, returns to
11644-560: The city's well-known cultural centers like Village Music and the Sweetwater Saloon . As of April 2007, only one affordable housing project was underway: an initiative to renovate and expand a century old but now abandoned local landmark roadhouse and saloon called the Fireside Inn. This renovation was completed in the fall of 2008 and provided around 50 low-income apartments, with around 30 dedicated to low-income seniors and
11786-493: The coast have caused portions of SR 1 to either be closed for long periods of time, or be re-routed entirely. Some of these include: In 2014, Caltrans relinquished the portion of SR 1 in Oxnard along Oxnard Boulevard. The plan is then for PCH between Pleasant Valley Road and US 101 to be re-routed from Oxnard Boulevard onto Rice Avenue. That segment of Rice Avenue includes a railroad grade crossing at 5th Avenue that
11928-469: The coast, separated from Downtown Santa Monica by the palisades north of Santa Monica Pier ; this portion is also known locally as Palisades Beach Road and formerly as Roosevelt Highway. Upon leaving Santa Monica, PCH continues to follow the coast, curving west through the Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles before becoming the main thoroughfare of the city of Malibu while traversing
12070-530: The coast. From the traffic circle, it continues inland west through Long Beach, including approximately one mile adjacent to the southern boundary of Signal Hill . PCH is marked as such in Long Beach, but originally bore the name of Hathaway Avenue east of the traffic circle and State Street west of there. PCH then passes through the Los Angeles districts of Wilmington and Harbor City . While bypassing
12212-715: The coastal highways in those areas, respectively. For the 1932 Summer Olympics , the segment of the SR ;1 between Oxnard and Santa Monica (then known as the Theodore Roosevelt Highway) hosted part of the road cycling events . Portions of SR 1 have also hosted stages of the Tour of California . California's coastline is constantly changing and continually presents us with challenges. Through hard work and determination, we continue to keep this scenic highway open. Frequent landslides and erosion along
12354-400: The coastal mountains made this stretch of coastline too costly for highway builders to establish routes through the area. In 1984, SR 1 was then re-routed to replace State Highway 208, connecting Rockport and Leggett, while the segment between Ferndale and Fernbridge was renumbered as State Highway 211 . Most of the coastline in the area is now part of Sinkyone Wilderness State Park and
12496-418: The coastline, or close to it, but does turn several miles inland at various locations to avoid several federally controlled or protected areas such as Vandenberg Space Force Base , Diablo Canyon Power Plant and Point Reyes National Seashore . In addition to connecting the coastal cities and communities along its path, the route provides access to beaches, parks, and other attractions along the coast, making it
12638-579: The community. The entire route is designated as a Blue Star Memorial Highway to recognize those in the United States armed forces; this designation is sponsored by the California Garden Clubs, but the organization has not erected such markers along SR 1 yet. In 1959, the legislature officially designated the segment in Southern California between Interstate 5 (I-5) in Dana Point and US 101 near Oxnard as
12780-644: The elephant seal colony at Piedras Blancas Light Station . SR 1 provides access to Hearst Castle in San Simeon in Northern San Luis Obispo County. SR 1 then enters the Big Sur region, crossing San Carpóforo Creek just south of the Monterey County line. For about 72 miles (116 km) from San Carpóforo Creek to Malpaso Creek , the road winds and hugs the cliffs of Big Sur, passing various coastal parks in
12922-649: The entire 21 miles (34 km) of that city. SR 1 crosses the county line and continues through the Ventura County portion of the Malibu coast through Leo Carrillo State Park and Point Mugu State Park . After passing through a notch in the promontory that marks Point Mugu , the western end of the Santa Monica Mountains , and the beginning of the Oxnard Plain . The road cut left
13064-658: The entrance to the Upper Newport Bay , which marks the boundary between East Coast Highway and West Coast Highway, and crosses California State Route 55 near its southern terminus. Upon crossing the Santa Ana River mouth and entering Huntington Beach , SR 1 regains the Pacific Coast Highway designation. It passes Huntington State Beach and the southern terminus of California State Route 39 before reaching Bolsa Chica State Beach and
13206-621: The following adjacent unincorporated communities: Almonte, Alto , Homestead Valley, Tamalpais Valley , and Strawberry . The Muir Woods National Monument is also located just outside the city limits. The first people known to inhabit Marin County, the Coast Miwok , arrived approximately 6,500 years ago. The territory of the Coast Miwok encompasses all of Marin County, north to Bodega Bay and southern Sonoma County . More than 600 village sites have been identified, including 14 sites in
13348-458: The freeway had bypassed it in about 1960. Then in 1988, the segment from Purisima Road in Lompoc to SR 135 was re-routed from Harris Grade Road to the former County Route S20 so it could directly serve Vandenberg Air Force Base . Construction to bridge the gap in the Lost Coast region between Rockport and Ferndale was eventually abandoned. The steepness and related geotechnical challenges of
13490-602: The freeway heads north along the coast of Monterey Bay through Sand City , Seaside , and Marina . At the interchange with SR 156 near Castroville , SR 1 continues north as a two-lane rural road to Moss Landing . SR 1 becomes a freeway once again just before entering into Santa Cruz County . This four-lane freeway continues up the Monterey Bay coast through Watsonville to its interchange with SR 17 in Santa Cruz . (This trumpet interchange
13632-452: The gaps in Route 56 north of San Francisco, these additions completed the coastal highway, with other sections formed by Routes 1, 2, and 71 . The section of SR 1 from Santa Monica to Oxnard, via Malibu, went out to contract in 1925 as "Coast Boulevard", but was designated "Theodore Roosevelt Highway" when it was dedicated in 1929. Before the completion of its present alignment in 1937,
13774-580: The government and managed to acquire the land. Before his death in 1879 he had built a sanitarium in the peaceful canyon. In Sausalito the North Pacific Coast Railroad had laid down tracks to a station near present-day Highway 101 at Strawberry. Seeing the financial advantages of a railroad his descendants then turned the hospital into the Blithedale Hotel after the land title was finally granted in 1884. The sanitarium
13916-534: The highway was signed as several other routes prior to 1964. When the road was first envisioned in the World War I era, California highways were referred to by either a highway name or a route number. The route numbers were used by state highway planners and the Legislature from 1915 until 1964, but were never posted on highways, referred to by the auto clubs or public, nor used on maps. The SR 1 designation
14058-477: The humidity regularly plummets to around 30% as one would expect in this dry seasonal climate. Mill Valley is also affected by microclimate conditions in the several box canyons with steep north-facing slopes and dense forests which span the southern and western city limits, which, along with the coastal fog, all conspire to make many of the dense forested regions of Mill Valley noticeably cooler and moister, on average, than other regions of town. This microclimate
14200-405: The immediate coastline of Palos Verdes , SR 1 continues to head west into the cities of Lomita and Torrance along the route of the former Redondo-Wilmington Boulevard. PCH then turns north through Redondo Beach and Hermosa Beach . Upon entering Manhattan Beach , it becomes Sepulveda Boulevard and turns back into PCH designation through El Segundo . At Imperial Highway, it regains
14342-531: The interchange with SR 156 and the short, 2-lane Castroville Bypass opened in 1976. Originally SR 1 followed the SR 156 alignment to the SR 183 intersection in Castroville, then turned northwest, following the present-day SR 183 through Castroville before rejoining its existing alignment at the northern terminus of the Castroville Bypass. Plans to upgrade SR 1 to
14484-467: The land auctions the area was known as both "Eastland" and "Mill Valley". Janes, by then the resident director of Tamalpais Land & Water Co. (and eventually the city's first town clerk), and Sidney B. Cushing, president of the San Rafael Gas & Electric Co. set out to bring a railroad up Mt. Tamalpais. The Mt. Tamalpais Scenic Railway opened in 1896 (with Cushing as president) and ran from
14626-699: The mid-1830s on Richardson's rancho and settled near what is now Locke Lane and LaGoma Avenue. The mill cut wood for the San Francisco Presidio . He raised cattle and horses and had a brickyard and stone quarry. Reed also did brisk businesses in hunting, skins, tallow, and other products until his death in 1843 at 38 years of age. Richardson sold butter, milk and beef to San Francisco during the Gold Rush . Shortly thereafter, he made several poor investments and wound up massively in debt to many creditors. On top of losing his Mendocino County rancho, he
14768-624: The name Sepulveda Boulevard as it descends and passes under two runways of Los Angeles International Airport (LAX) via the Sepulveda Boulevard Tunnel . After leaving LAX, SR 1 splits from Sepulveda and turns northwest, becoming Lincoln Boulevard and passing through the Los Angeles neighborhoods of Westchester , Playa Vista , and Venice , as well as the unincorporated community of Marina Del Rey . This portion of SR 1 suffers heavy congestion at most times due to
14910-487: The north, Route 56 was continued along the coast from Carmel through Santa Cruz to San Francisco . Several discontinuous pieces were added north of San Francisco, one from Route 1 (US 101) north of the Golden Gate to the county line near Valley Ford , another from the Russian River near Jenner (where the new Route 104 ended) to Westport , and a third from Ferndale to Route 1 near Fernbridge . Except for
15052-487: The northern border of Sand City and Seaside opened in 1968, and bypasses the original highway alignment of Munras Avenue and Fremont Street in Monterey, and Fremont Boulevard through Seaside. North of Seaside, the freeway was built over the original SR 1 alignment through Fort Ord in 1973. North of Fort Ord, SR 1 now veers to the left of the original alignment and bypasses Marina to the west. This segment including
15194-596: The northern coast were finally filled in by the Legislature in 1951, though the State Department of Public Works was not required to maintain the newly added portions immediately. A connection from near Rockport to Legislative Route 1 (signed US 101) at Leggett was also added to the Legislative Route 56 definition, as the existing county road north from Rockport to Ferndale had not yet been paved . The state Legislature in 1963 tossed out
15336-443: The old conflicting Legislative Route Numbers ( 1964 renumbering ), got rid of some famous old U.S. routes, and renumbered many state highways. It abolished US 101A in Los Angeles, Orange and Ventura counties and renumbered it as SR 1. The Rockport to Leggett connection then became State Route 208. The cover of "California Highways" magazine in fall 1964 shows state engineers posting the new shield at Point Mugu. The same year,
15478-475: The population grew to over 1,000 permanent residents. Creeks were bridged over or dammed, more roads laid down and oiled, and cement sidewalks poured. Tamalpais High School opened in 1908, the first city hall was erected in 1908, and Andrew Carnegie's library in 1910. The Post Office opened under the name "Eastland", however after many objections it was changed to "Mill Valley" in 1904. The very first Mountain Play
15620-485: The population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 3,966 people (28.5%) lived in rental housing units. At the 2000 census , there were 13,600 people, 6,147 households and 3,417 families residing in the city, not including those living in unincorporated territories. The population density was 2,883.1 inhabitants per square mile (1,113.2/km ). There were 6,286 housing units at an average density of 1,332.6 units per square mile (514.5 units/km ). The racial makeup of
15762-492: The protection of air quality, waste reduction, water and energy conservation, and the protection of wildlife and habitat" in Mill Valley. According to the United States Census Bureau the city has a total area of 4.8 square miles (12 km ), of which 4.7 square miles (12 km ) is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km ) of (1.74%) water. The Mill Valley 94941 area lies between Mt. Tamalpais on
15904-537: The remainder going to low-income families. Strawberry is an unincorporated census-designated place to the east of the City of Mill Valley. The other CDP with a Mill Valley mailing address is Tamalpais-Homestead Valley . Smaller unincorporated areas include Alto and Almonte. Muir Beach is in the Mill Valley School District , but it is in the Sausalito mailing area. Neighborhoods in
16046-683: The road and built wooden causeways where the route flooded from the ocean waves. Local funding ran out, but the newly formed State Highway Commission took over and completed the road in 1913. One of the most difficult routes to build was along the Big Sur coast. The state first approved building Route 56, or the Carmel-San Simeon Highway, to connect Big Sur to the rest of California in 1919. Federal funds were appropriated and in 1921 voters approved additional state funds. San Quentin State Prison set up three temporary prison camps to provide unskilled convict labor to help with road construction. One
16188-616: The shortage of alternate north-south arterial roads west of Interstate 405 . It then enters the city of Santa Monica , where SR 1 turns southwest, merging onto the westernmost segment of the Santa Monica Freeway . Passing through the McClure Tunnel (which also serves as the national western terminus of Interstate 10 ), SR 1 emerges along the beachfront in Santa Monica as PCH again and continues along
16330-588: The southern terminus of SR 1 at Interstate 5 in Orange County). Route 56 was extended further south from Cambria to connect to present-day US 101 in San Luis Obispo in 1931. The route from San Simeon to Carmel (connecting with existing county highways at each end) was one of two sections designated as SR 1. It and Route 60 were intended as links in a continuous coastal roadway from Oregon to Mexico , A large expansion of
16472-531: The state highway system in 1933 resulted in Route 56 being extended in both directions. To the south, a second section was added, beginning at Pismo Beach on US 101 (Route 2) and heading south through Guadalupe and Lompoc to rejoin US ;101 at a junction called Los Cruces (sic), just north of Gaviota Pass. (A short piece near Orcutt and Los Alamos had been part of Route 2, which originally followed present SR 135 from Los Alamos to Santa Maria.) To
16614-534: The stewardship of Thelma Weber Percy, who was determined to see the Mill Valley Public Library come into the computer age. Recently they have begun offering Museum Passes to 94941 residents for free entry to Bay Area museums. As part of the City of Mill Valley's decision to "go Green", the library has a Sustainability Collection with books and DVDs with information about how to become more environmentally friendly. The Mill Valley Public Library
16756-610: The surface street, Rice Avenue, towards the interchange with US 101. The historic route along Oxnard Boulevard was relinquished in 2014. Truck traffic to and from the Port of Hueneme also uses this designated route at the Rice Avenue/Hueneme Road connector to connect with Route 101 at the Rice Avenue Interchange. After traveling through Ventura , SR 1 separates from US 101 to travel
16898-511: The surrounding redwoods, meaning that most of the redwoods growing today are second- or third-growth. The King family (King Street) owned property near the Cushing land. One of its buildings was a small adobe house which is believed to have predated the King farm. The Blithedale Hotel used it as a milk house. The adobe structure is still standing and connected to a house on West Blithedale Avenue; it
17040-559: The town center (present-day Lytton Square) all the way to the summit. In 1907, the railroad added a branch line into "Redwood Canyon", and in 1908, the canyon became Muir Woods , a national monument . The railroad built the Muir Inn (with a fine restaurant) and overnight cabins for visitors. The Mt. Tamalpais & Muir Woods Scenic Railway , "The Crookedest Railroad in the World" and its unique Gravity Cars brought thousands of tourists to
17182-731: The west coast of the San Francisco Peninsula , passing by the marine mammal colonies at Año Nuevo State Park , and the historic Pigeon Point Lighthouse , before reaching Half Moon Bay . Between Half Moon Bay and Pacifica , the highway bypasses a treacherous stretch known as Devil's Slide via the Tom Lantos Tunnels . SR 1 then becomes a freeway once again at Sharp Park in Pacifica before turning inland to join Interstate 280 in Daly City . Just short of reaching
17324-703: The west, the city of Tiburon on the east, the City of Corte Madera on the north, and the Golden Gate National Recreational Area (GGNRA) on the south. Two streams flow from the slopes of Mt. Tamalpais through Mill Valley to the bay: the Arroyo Corte Madera del Presidio; and Cascade Creek. Mill Valley is surrounded by hundreds of acres of state , federal , and county park lands. In addition, there are many municipally maintained open-space reserves, parks, and coastal habitats which, when taken together, ensconce Mill Valley in
17466-448: Was 12,341 (88.8%) White , 118 (0.8%) African American , 23 (0.2%) Native American , 755 (5.4%) Asian , 14 (0.1%) Pacific Islander , 152 (1.1%) from other races , and 500 (3.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 622 persons (4.5%). The Census reported that 99.5% of the population lived in households and 0.5% were institutionalized. There were 6,084 households, out of which 1,887 (31.0%) had children under
17608-481: Was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.5 males. The median household income was $ 90,794, and the median family income was $ 119,669. Males had a median income of $ 94,800 versus $ 52,088 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 64,179. About 2.7% of families and 4.5% of the population were below the poverty line , including 3.6% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over. In
17750-417: Was 46.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.8 males. There were 6,534 housing units at an average density of 1,348.0 units per square mile (520.5 units/km ), of which 3,974 (65.3%) were owner-occupied, and 2,110 (34.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 4.5%. 9,861 people (70.9% of
17892-415: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27. There were 3,627 families (59.6% of all households); the average family size was 2.94. The population was spread out, with 3,291 people (23.7%) under the age of 18, 459 people (3.3%) aged 18 to 24, 2,816 people (20.3%) aged 25 to 44, 4,714 people (33.9%) aged 45 to 64, and 2,623 people (18.9%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age
18034-551: Was down to 60 by 1880. As of 2011, there are over 1,000 registered members of the Federated Indians of Graton Rancheria , which includes both the Coast Miwok and the Southern Pomo , all of whom can date their ancestry back to 14 survivors as original tribal ancestors. In Mill Valley, on Locust Avenue (between Sycamore and Walnut avenues), there is now a metal plaque set in the sidewalk in the area believed to be
18176-685: Was enlarged, cottages were built up along the property, and horse-drawn carriages were purchased to pick up guests at the Alto station. Within a few years, several other summer resort hotels had cropped up in the canyon including the Abbey, the Eastland, and the Redwood Lodge. Fishing, hunting, hiking, swimming, horseback riding, and other activities increased in popularity as people came to the area as vacationers or moved in and commuted to San Francisco for work. Meanwhile, Reed's mill deforested much of
18318-500: Was extended from Oxnard to El Rio (midway to Ventura, now the site of the Oxnard Boulevard interchange with US 101 ), in 1925. At Point Mugu , a path for the highway was cut through the mountains using surplus World War I explosives, thus creating Mugu Rock. The 1921 legislation, in theory, made Route 60 a continuous coastal loop, with both ends at what became US 101 in Oxnard and at Capistrano Beach (since 1964
18460-512: Was first assigned in 1939. Various portions of SR 1 have been posted and referred to by various names and numbers over the years. State construction of what became SR 1 started after the state's third highway bond issue passed before 1910. Eager for a direct coastal route between Ventura and Santa Barbara , civic boosters used locally raised funds to begin building the Rincon Sea Level Road in 1911. The route between
18602-608: Was forced to deed the 640-acre (2.6 km ) Rancho Saucelito to his wife, Maria Antonia Martinez, daughter of the commandante of the Presidio, in order to protect her. The rest of the rancho, including the part of what is now Mill Valley that did not already belong to Reed's heirs, was given to his administrator Samuel Reading Throckmorton . At his death in 1856 at 61 years old, Richardson was almost destitute. Throckmorton came to San Francisco in 1850 as an agent for an eastern mining business before working for Richardson. As payment of
18744-593: Was forced to relinquish several thousand acres to the San Francisco Savings & Union Bank to satisfy a debt of $ 100,000 against the estate in 1889. In 1873, San Francisco physician Dr. John Cushing discovered 320 "lost" acres between the Reed and Richardson boundaries between present-day Corte Madera Avenue, across the creek, and into West Blithedale Canyon. Using the Homestead Act he petitioned
18886-426: Was in excess of $ 1.5 million as of 2005), which has had the effect of pushing out some residents who can no longer afford to live in the area. This trend has also transformed Mill Valley's commercial activity, with nationally recognized music store Village Music having closed, then replaced in 2008 by more commercial establishments. In July 2005, CNN/Money and Money magazine ranked Mill Valley tenth on its list of
19028-741: Was incorporated into the state highway system and re-designated as SR 1 in 1939. The section of road along the Big Sur Coast was declared the first State Scenic Highway in 1965, and in 1966 the first lady, Lady Bird Johnson , led the official designation ceremony at Bixby Bridge . The route was designated as an All American Road by the US Government. SR 1 signs first went up after California decided to number its highways, in 1934. The section for Humboldt , Mendocino , Sonoma , Marin , San Francisco , San Mateo , Santa Cruz , Monterey , San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara counties
19170-542: Was located near the intersection of U.S. Route 101 and California State Route 1 . Built in 1916, the " Blind Pig " roadhouse was located outside of the dry laws that were enforced more strictly within the city itself. In 1776, with the foundation of Mission San Francisco de Asís (commonly known as Mission Dolores), the Coast Miwok of southern Marin began to slowly enter the mission; first, those from Sausalito came, followed by those from areas now known as Mill Valley, Belvedere, Tiburón and Bolinas. They called themselves
19312-470: Was not until the 1964 state highway renumbering that the entire route was officially designated as SR 1. Although SR 1 is a popular route for its scenery, frequent landslides and erosion along the coast have caused several segments to be either closed for lengthy periods for repairs, or re-routed inland. SR 1 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System , and through
19454-598: Was performed at the Mountain Theater on Mt. Tam in 1913. By the 1920s, most roads were paved over, mail delivery was in full swing, and the population was at its highest at more than 2,500 citizens. Mill Valley Italian settlers made wine during Prohibition , while some local bar owners made bootleg whiskey under the dense foliage around the local creeks. January 1922 saw the first of several years of snow in Marin County, coating Mt. Tam white. Two years later
19596-500: Was posted as SR 1, that section of the road known Route 56 (Las Cruces to Fernbridge). For Ventura , Los Angeles and Orange counties, Route 60 (San Juan Capistrano to the Oxnard area) became SR 3, and a few SR 3 signs were actually posted. The SR 3 signs were replaced by US 101 Alt. shields by 1936, as the road was built out; this change also allowed the extension of US 66 to end at another U.S. Route, in Santa Monica. The gaps of non-state highway along
19738-500: Was set up by Little Sur River , one at Kirk Creek and a third was later established in the south at Anderson Creek . Inmates were paid 35 cents per day and had their prison sentences reduced in return. The route necessitated construction of 33 bridges, the largest of which was the Bixby Bridge . Six more concrete arch bridges were built between Point Sur and Carmel. After 18 years of construction, aided by New Deal funds during
19880-415: Was the site of the February 2015 Oxnard train derailment , which eventually led to one death and 29 injuries. This was the twelfth accident at the crossing in ten years. An overpass has been planned at that site for almost two decades, but funding has not been available in Ventura County for the estimated $ 35 million grade separation project. On July 12, 2023, the Ventura County Transportation Commission and
20022-460: Was to the point where the tracks were eventually taken up in 1931. During the Great Depression, many famous local landmarks were constructed with the help of the Works Progress Administration and the Civilian Conservation Corps , including the Mead Theater at Tam High (named after school board Trustee Ernest Mead), the Mountain Theater rock seating, and the Golden Gate Bridge in 1934–1937. The latter event suspended ferry commuting between Marin and
20164-420: Was transferred to William A. Richardson in 1838 after being originally awarded to Nicolas Galindo in 1835. William Richardson also married a well-connected woman; both he and Reed were originally from Europe. Richardson's name was later applied to Richardson Bay , an arm of the San Francisco Bay that brushes up against the eastern edge of Mill Valley. The Richardson rancho contained everything south and west of
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