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23-554: In 1816, assemblyman John H. Beach lobbied New York State to make the town of Auburn the site for a new prison. Beach and his colleagues secured the contract for the town of Auburn, and sold a plot of land to the state of New York on the north bank of the Owasco Outlet for the prison to be built. Constructed in 1816 as Auburn Prison , it was the second state prison in New York (after New York City's Newgate , 1797–1828),

46-554: A group of inmates, some of whom had obtained guns in the July riot and concealed them in the interim. This uprising caused the death of Principal Keeper George A. Durnford as well as eight prisoners. Three inmates were later charged, convicted, and executed at Sing Sing for their roles in the riots. On November 4, 1970, inmates succeeded in seizing control of the facility and held 50 people, including guards and outside construction workers, hostage for more than eight hours. The incident

69-454: A hand on the shoulder of the man in front of him to maintain a rigid separation. There was a communal dining room so that the prisoners could gather together for meals, but a code of silence was enforced harshly at all times by the guards. Thus the inmates worked and ate together, but in complete silence. At night the prisoners were kept in individual cells (even though the original plan called for double cells). For several decades, this system

92-528: A maximum discharge of 2,730 cubic feet (77 m ) per second and a gauge height of 8.34 feet (2.54 m) on April 4, 2005. It had minimum discharge of 1.6 cubic feet (0.045 m ) per second on March 30-31, 1999, and July 22, 1999. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Owasco River This article about a location in Cayuga County, New York is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to

115-431: A river in New York is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Arsenal An arsenal is a place where arms and ammunition are made, maintained and repaired , stored, or issued, in any combination, whether privately or publicly owned . Arsenal and armoury (British English) or armory (American English) are mostly regarded as synonyms, although subtle differences in usage exist. A sub-armory

138-487: Is a river in Cayuga County in the state of New York . The river drains Owasco Lake at Auburn and flows in a north-northwest direction before converging with the Seneca River north-northwest of Port Byron . The Owasco River Railway is named after the river. The city of Auburn owns and operates a dam on the river, and empties the effluent from its wastewater treatment plant into the river. The Owasco River

161-556: Is a place of temporary storage or carrying of weapons and ammunition, such as any temporary post or patrol vehicle that is only operational in certain times of the day. The term in English entered the language in the 16th century as a loanword from French : arsenal , itself deriving from the term Italian : arsenale , which in turn is thought to be a corruption of Arabic : دار الصناعة , dār aṣ-ṣināʿa , meaning "manufacturing shop". A lower-class arsenal, which can furnish

184-570: The Auburn Correctional Facility in 1970. The prison is among the oldest functional prisons in the United States. In its early years, the prison charged a fee to tourists in order to raise funds for the prison. Eventually, to discourage most visitors, the fee was increased. In the 1840s, adult tourists paid twenty-five cents, whereas the children's admittance fee was half the price. Tourists would be escorted through

207-608: The Philadelphia System introduced by the Quakers , the "Auburn system" modified the schedule of prayer, contemplation, and humane conditions with hard labor. Prisoners were compelled to work during the day, and the profit of their labor helped to support the prison. Prisoners were segregated by offense; additionally they were issued clothing that identified their crime. The traditional American prison uniform, consisting of horizontal black and white stripes, originated at

230-424: The materiel and equipment of a small army, may contain a laboratory, gun and carriage factories, small-arms ammunition, small-arms, harness, saddlery tent and powder factories; in addition, it must possess great storehouses. In a second-class arsenal, the factories would be replaced by workshops. The situation of an arsenal should be governed by strategic considerations. If of the first class, it should be situated at

253-512: The Auburn prison. The prisoners had their heads closely cropped when they entered the prison. Prisoners' heads, mustaches, and beards would be shaved, then they would be stripped and dunked in water before receiving their prison uniform. Then, the prison clerk questioned each prisoner and recorded their answers in the prison register. Questions included personal information like height, age, place of birth, and family background, but also questions about

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276-439: The base of operations and supply, secure from attack, not too near a frontier, and placed so as to draw in readily the resources of the country. The importance of a large arsenal is such that its defences would be on the scale of those of a large fortress . In the early 21st century, the term " floating armoury " described a ship storing weapons to be supplied to merchant vessels in international waters subject to piracy , so that

299-487: The charges made against the prisoner. The final step of the intake procedure involved questioning new prisoners about their previous work so they could be assigned to a specific shop within the prison. Once assigned to a shop, prisoners were forced to work, supporting the financial needs of the prison. After the prisoner's intake procedure was complete, and once inside the prison, prisoners were forced to walk in lockstep , keeping step with their heads bowed. Each prisoner placed

322-401: The custody, issue and receipt of stores. Frederick Taylor introduced command and control techniques to arsenals, including the U.S.'s Watertown Arsenal (a principal center for artillery design and manufacture) and Frankford Arsenal (a principal center for small arms ammunition design and manufacture). [REDACTED]   This article incorporates text from a publication now in

345-691: The iconic statue and reading "Save Copper John's Johnson"; but the statue was nonetheless removed, his penis was filed off, and remounted in August. The warden was an administrative position appointed by the New York State Commissioner of Correction . Currently, the heads of all New York State correctional facilities are termed "superintendent". The principal keeper operated the prison on a day-to-day basis. Many went on to become wardens. Owasco Outlet Owasco River (also known as Owasco Creek, Owasco Lake Outlet, and Owasco Outlet)

368-486: The prison's factory floors and observe prisoners at work directly, or escorted through tunnels, and remain out of sight, allowing tourists to watch prisoners while they labored. The Auburn Prison attracted enormous amounts of tourists in the middle of the nineteenth century, which added to the town's local economy and service industries. In contrast with the purely reformatory type prison instituted in Pennsylvania ,

391-677: The site of several notable riots over the years, including November 1820 and a race-related riot in 1921. The most serious were two related incidents in the summer and winter of 1929. On July 28, 1929—only a week after a similar incident at Clinton Prison in Dannemora —inmates sprayed acid in an officer’s face and gained access to the prison's armory . Prison shops were set on fire, six buildings were destroyed, and four prisoners escaped. Two inmates were killed and one wounded, and five officers were injured. Later that year, on December 11, Warden Edgar Jennings and six guards were taken hostage by

414-409: The site of the first execution by electric chair in 1890, and the namesake of the " Auburn system ," a correctional system in which prisoners were housed in solitary confinement in large rectangular buildings, and forced to participate in penal labor under silence that was enforced at all times. At the time of the prison's founding, it was the town of Auburn's largest structure. The prison was renamed

437-475: The weapons do not enter territorial waters where they would be illegal. The branches in a great arsenal are usually subdivided into storekeeping , construction and administration : In the manufacturing branches are required skill, and efficient and economical work, both executive and administrative; in the storekeeping part, good arrangement, great care, thorough knowledge of all warlike stores, both in their active and passive state, and scrupulous exactness in

460-451: Was adopted by other jurisdictions. This system was also called the "Congregate System." The Sing Sing Correctional Facility , also in New York, was built using this system under the supervision of the former warden of the Auburn prison, Elam Lynds . As of 2010, Auburn Correctional Facility is responsible for the manufacturing of New York State's license plates . Auburn has "a long history of controversy, scandal, and riot." It has been

483-528: Was also used as a power source for the Auburn Prison in the early-to-mid nineteenth century, helping fuel the town's developing economy and for-profit prison. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) maintains one stream gauge along the Owasco River. It has been operation since October 1998, and is located about 200 feet (61 m) upstream from Genesee Street in Auburn. The station had

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506-493: Was attributed to increasing racial tensions and to prisoners' rights being violated. Copper John is a statue of an American Revolutionary War soldier that stands atop the Auburn Correctional Facility. It has entered the local lexicon as a reference to the prison and aspects of it, for example, getting sent to Auburn Prison is "going to work for Copper John." "John" was originally a wooden statue that

529-452: Was erected atop the administration office of the prison in 1821. In 1848, the statue had weathered so much that it was taken down and a new statue was made out of copper by the prisoners in the prison foundry . In 2004, the New York state government became aware that the statue was fashioned to be "anatomically correct" and ordered the statue to be "incorrected". Some correctional officers made an impromptu protest by passing out T-shirts showing

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