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64-467: The Auden Group , also called Auden Generation and sometimes simply the Thirties poets , was a group of British and Irish writers active in the 1930s that included W. H. Auden , Louis MacNeice , Cecil Day-Lewis , Stephen Spender , Christopher Isherwood and sometimes Edward Upward and Rex Warner . Although many newspaper articles and a few books appeared about the "Auden Group", the existence of

128-616: A best-seller. MacNeice moved into Geoffrey Grigson's former flat in Hampstead with Daniel and his nurse. His translation of Aeschylus 's Agamemnon was published in late 1936, and produced by the Group Theatre . Shortly afterwards his divorce from Mary was finalised. They continued to write frequent affectionate letters to one another, although Mary married Katzmann shortly after the divorce. MacNeice started an affair with Nancy Coldstream . Nancy was, like her husband Bill ,

192-470: A book about London Zoo , called simply Zoo . As the year – and his relationship with Nancy – drew to a close, he started work on Autumn Journal . By Christmas, Nancy was in love with Stephen Spender 's brother Michael, whom she was later to marry, and at the end of the year MacNeice visited Barcelona shortly before the city fell to Franco . The poem was finished by February 1939, and published in May. It

256-497: A book, featured music by William Walton , conducted by Adrian Boult , and starred Laurence Olivier . 1943's He Had a Date (loosely based on the life and death of MacNeice's friend Graham Shepard but also semi-autobiographical) was also published, as was The Dark Tower (1946, again with music by Britten). Dylan Thomas acted in some of MacNeice's plays during this period, and the two poets, both heavy drinkers, also became social companions. MacNeice narrated (and wrote poems for)

320-881: A commissioned work on astrology, which he viewed as "hack-work"). In August 1963 he went caving in Yorkshire to gather sound effects for his final radio play, Persons from Porlock . Caught in a storm on the moors, he did not change out of his wet clothes until he was home in Hertfordshire . Bronchitis evolved into viral pneumonia , and he was admitted to hospital in London on 27 August, dying there on 3 September, aged 55. His ashes were buried in Carrowdore churchyard in County Down , with his mother and maternal grandfather. His final book of poems, The Burning Perch ,

384-573: A freelance journalist (he had resigned from his lecturing position at Bedford College while in America) and was awaiting the publication of Plant and Phantom , which was dedicated to Clark (the previous year, the Cuala Press had published The Last Ditch , a limited edition containing some poems that would appear in the new volume). In early 1941, MacNeice was employed by the BBC . MacNeice's work for

448-431: A history of tamoxifen use, late menopause , and a family history of the condition. Risk factors for uterine sarcoma include prior radiation therapy to the pelvis. Diagnosis of endometrial cancer is typically based on an endometrial biopsy . A diagnosis of uterine sarcoma may be suspected based on symptoms, a pelvic exam , and medical imaging . Endometrial cancer can often be cured while uterine sarcoma typically

512-413: A history of childhood retinoblastoma , and hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) syndrome . To evaluate for uterine cancer, a clinician might perform a pelvic exam to visually inspect internal pelvic organs and to feel the size and position of the uterus and ovaries. A “ pap smear ” may also be done to brush the sides of the cervix to collect cells for testing and to look at under

576-454: A humane opposition to totalitarianism as well as an acute awareness of his roots. Louis MacNeice (known as Freddie until his teens, when he adopted his middle name) was born in Belfast , the youngest son of Rev. John Frederick and Elizabeth Margaret ("Lily") MacNeice. Both were originally from the west of Ireland. MacNeice's father, an Anglican clergyman , would go on to become a bishop in

640-482: A large number of books, correspondence, and books from MacNeice's library. MacNeice also wrote several plays which were never produced, and many for the BBC which were never published. Uterine cancer Uterine cancer , also known as womb cancer , includes two types of cancer that develop from the tissues of the uterus . Endometrial cancer forms from the lining of the uterus , and uterine sarcoma forms from

704-404: A legal battle with MacNeice. In 1953, MacNeice wrote Autumn Sequel , a long autobiographical poem in terza rima , which critics compared unfavourably with Autumn Journal . The death of Dylan Thomas came partway through the writing of the poem, and MacNeice involved himself in memorials for the poet and attempts to raise money for his family. 1953 and 1954 brought lecture and performance tours of

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768-483: A microscope. A dilatation and curettage is often done to collect a sample of uterine lining tissue. An ultrasound is also often performed to look for tumors. Screening for uterine cancers is not recommended except for in women with certain hereditary conditions that increase their risk (Lynch, Cowden, HLRCC). In general, combined oral contraceptive pills and progestin-only pills are protective against uterine cancers. Weight loss and/or bariatric surgery reduces

832-413: A movement to reclaim him as an Irish writer rather than a satellite of Auden. Longley has edited two selections of his work, and Muldoon gives more space to MacNeice than to any other author in his Faber Book of Contemporary Irish Poetry , which covers the period from the death of W. B. Yeats until 1986. Muldoon and Derek Mahon have both written elegies for MacNeice, Mahon's coming after a pilgrimage to

896-445: A novel which purported to be an idyll of domestic felicity. As we predicted, the novel was not well received." The local Classical Association included George Augustus Auden , Professor of Public Health and father of W. H. Auden , and by 1932 MacNeice and Auden's Oxford acquaintance had turned into a close friendship. Auden knew many Marxists , and Blunt had also become a communist by this time, but MacNeice, although sympathetic to

960-570: A painter and a friend of Auden who had introduced the couple to MacNeice while they were in Birmingham. MacNeice and Nancy visited the Hebrides in 1937, which resulted in a book of prose and verse written by MacNeice with illustrations by Nancy, I Crossed the Minch . Nancy had painted a portrait of MacNeice. August 1937 saw the appearance of Letters from Iceland (which had been finished by

1024-422: A travel book. Auden and MacNeice collaborated on a travel book. As undergraduates, Auden and Day-Lewis wrote a brief introduction to the annual Oxford Poetry . Auden dedicated books to Isherwood and Spender. Day-Lewis mentioned Auden in a poem, but the whole group never operated as such. " MacSpaunday " was a name invented by Roy Campbell , in his Talking Bronco (1946), to designate a composite figure made up of

1088-602: Is considered to be among the greatest of twentieth century literature. Despite being renowned as a member of the Auden Group , he was also an independently successful (albeit occasionally overlooked) poet with an influential body of work, which is replete with themes ranging from faith to mortality. His body of work was appreciated by the public during his lifetime, due in part to his relaxed but socially and emotionally aware style. Never as overtly or simplistically political as some of his contemporaries, he expressed

1152-570: Is harder to treat. Treatment may include a combination of surgery , radiation therapy , chemotherapy , hormone therapy , and targeted therapy . Just over 80% of women survive more than 5 years following diagnosis. In 2015 about 3.8 million women were affected globally and it resulted in 90,000 deaths. Endometrial cancer is relatively common while uterine sarcomas are rare. In the United States, uterine cancers represent 3.5% of new cancer cases. They most commonly occur in women between

1216-406: Is highest for white females, with 28.1 new cases per 100,000 persons. Black females have a similar incidence with 27.4 new cases per 100,000 persons. Other ethnic groups had lower incidences: Hispanic females had 24.1 new cases per 100,000 persons, Asian/Pacific Islander females had 20.8 new cases per 100,000 persons, and American Indian/Alaska Native females had 19.7 new cases per 100,000 persons. For

1280-406: Is not understood. Risk factors for endometrial cancer include obesity , metabolic syndrome , type 2 diabetes , taking pills that contain estrogen without progesterone, a history of tamoxifen use, late menopause, and certain hereditary conditions ( Lynch syndrome , Cowden syndrome ). Risk factors for uterine sarcoma include prior radiation therapy to the pelvis, a history of tamoxifen use,

1344-414: Is poorer for uterine sarcomas as compared to endometrial cancers. Uterine cancer effects approximately 3.1% of females during their lifetime. Uterine cancer resulted in 45,000 deaths worldwide in 1990, with this number increasing to 58,000 deaths in 2010. North America and Northern Europe have the highest rates of uterine cancer. Asia, Southern Europe, Australia and South America have moderate rates, with

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1408-633: Is surgery, whereby the uterus is removed via a total hysterectomy . Hysterectomies may also be accompanied by removal of ovaries and fallopian tubes, called a salpingo-oophorectomy . Additionally, hormone therapy which seeks to block the growth of cancer cells may also be used in the treatment of endometrial cancer. Targeted therapy may include monoclonal antibodies , mTOR inhibitors , and signal transduction inhibitors which all act to target cancer cells specifically. As of 2021, treatment options for uterine sarcoma include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy. Prognosis varies for

1472-400: Is the tenth most common cause of cancer death in females (around 2,000 women died in 2012). Uterine cancer has a high prevalence in the United States, with approximately 772,247 women with the disease in 2016. Of those uterine cancers, approximately 90% of the cases are endometrial cancers. This is the fourth most commonly diagnosed type of cancer. In the United States, uterine cancer is

1536-761: Is widely viewed as MacNeice's masterpiece, recording his feelings as the Spanish Civil War raged and the United Kingdom headed towards war with Germany, as well as his personal concerns and reflections over the past decade. During the Easter holiday that year, MacNeice made a brief lecture tour of various American universities, also meeting Mary and Charles Katzmann and giving a reading with Auden and Christopher Isherwood in New York attended by John Berryman , and at which Auden met Chester Kallman for

1600-578: The Church of Ireland and his mother Elizabeth née Cleshan, from Ballymaconry, Connemara , County Galway , had been a schoolmistress. The family moved to Carrickfergus , County Antrim , soon after MacNeice's birth. When MacNeice was six, his mother was admitted to a Dublin nursing home suffering from severe clinical depression and he did not see her again. She survived uterine cancer but died of tuberculosis in December 1914. MacNeice later described

1664-474: The "Thirties poets" or "the New Poetry of the 1930s". This article about a poet from the United Kingdom is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Louis MacNeice Frederick Louis MacNeice CBE (12 September 1907 – 3 September 1963) was an Irish poet, playwright and producer for the BBC. His poetry, which frequently explores themes of introspection, empiricism, and belonging,

1728-460: The 1945 film Painted Boats . In 1947, the BBC sent MacNeice to report on Indian independence and partition , and he continued to produce plays for the corporation, including a six-part radio adaptation of Goethe 's Faust in 1949. 1948's collection of poems, Holes in the Sky , met with a less favourable reception than previous books. In 1950 he was given eighteen months' leave to become Director of

1792-465: The BBC initially involved writing and producing radio programmes intended to build support for the US, and later Russia – cultural programmes emphasising links between the countries rather than outright propaganda. A critical work on W. B. Yeats (on which he had been working since the poet's death in 1939) was published early in 1941, as were Plant and Phantom and Poems 1925–1940 (an American anthology). At

1856-1150: The British Institute in Athens , run by the British Council . Patrick Leigh Fermor had previously been Deputy Director of the Institute, and he and his future wife, the Honourable Joan Elizabeth Rayner (née Eyres Monsell), became close friends of the MacNeices. Ten Burnt Offerings , poems written in Greece, were broadcast by the BBC in 1951 and published the following year. The family returned to England in August 1951, and Dan (who had been at an English boarding school) left for America in early 1952 to stay with his mother, to avoid national service . Dan would return to England in 1953, but went to live permanently with his mother after

1920-530: The MacNeices bought a holiday home on the Isle of Wight from J. B. Priestley (an acquaintance since MacNeice's arrival in London twenty years earlier). However, the marriage was starting to become strained. MacNeice was drinking increasingly heavily, and having more or less serious affairs with other women. At this time MacNeice became increasingly independent of spirit, spending time with other writers, including Dominic Behan with whom he regularly drank to oblivion;

1984-521: The USA (husband and wife would present an evening of song, monologue and poetry readings), and meetings with John Berryman (on the returning boat in 1953, and later in London) and Eleanor Clark (by now married to Robert Penn Warren ). MacNeice travelled to Egypt in 1955 and Ghana in 1956 on lengthy assignments for the BBC. Another poorly received collection of poems, Visitations , was published in 1957, and

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2048-463: The aesthetic culture, publishing poetry in literary magazines The Cherwell and Sir Galahad , organising candle-lit readings of Shelley and Marlowe , and visiting Paris with Hilton. Auden would become a lifelong friend who inspired MacNeice to take up poetry seriously. In 1928 he was introduced to the Classics don John Beazley and his stepdaughter Mary Ezra . A year later he thought to soften

2112-507: The ages of 45 and 74 with a median age of diagnosis of 63. The terms uterine cancer and womb cancer may refer to several different types of cancer that occur in the uterus , namely: Both types of uterine cancer can present with abnormal vaginal bleeding and discharge. Abnormalities can include change in duration or amount of menstrual bleeding as well as new bleeding between menses or after menopause. Sensations of new or increasing pelvic pressure or pain can also indicate tumor growth in

2176-510: The cause of his mother's death as "obscure", and blamed his mother's cancer on his own difficult birth. His brother William, who had Down's syndrome , had been sent to live in an institution in Scotland during his mother's terminal illness. In 1917, his father remarried to Georgina Greer and MacNeice's sister Elizabeth was sent to board at a preparatory school at Sherborne , England. MacNeice joined her at Sherborne Preparatory School later in

2240-599: The death rates of uterine cancer, black females had the highest rates, 8.5 deaths per 100,000 persons. The death rates for the other ethnic groups were dramatically lower. White females had 4.4 deaths per 100,000 persons, Hispanic females had 3.9 deaths per 100,000 persons, American Indian/Alaska Native females had 3.5 deaths per 100,000 persons, and Asian/Pacific Islander females had 3.1 deaths per 100,000 persons. As current diagnostic methods are invasive and inaccurate, researchers are looking into new ways to catch womb cancer, especially in its early stages. A study found that using

2304-410: The different types of endometrial cancer. Factors that influence prognosis across types of uterine cancer are age at diagnosis, the stage of the cancer, the grade of the cancer, histology , depth of invasion into the myometrium, and the presence of spread to nearby lymph nodes or other regions. Endometrial cancer typically has a good 5-year-survival when diagnosed early. Generally, the prognosis

2368-891: The election of the Popular Front government. Auden and MacNeice travelled to Iceland in the summer of that year, which resulted in Letters from Iceland , a collection of poems, letters (some in verse) and essays. In October, MacNeice left Birmingham for a lecturing post in the Department of Greek at Bedford College for Women , part of the University of London . MacNeice was featured in two high-profile collections of modernist poetry of 1936. The Faber Book of Modern Verse , edited by young writer and critic Michael Roberts , printing MacNeice's '"An Eclogue for Christmas", "Sunday Morning", "Perseus", "The Creditor" and "Snow" towards

2432-459: The end of the roughly chronological book. In the book, MacNeice is set in amongst others of the new Auden Group , presenting a version of modernism in which Eliot is the star. MacNeice and his group were also featured in Oxford Book of Modern Verse 1892–1935 , edited by Yeats . This collection generally excluded American poets and was less well received critically, but instantaneously became

2496-522: The end of the year, MacNeice started a relationship with Hedli Anderson and they were married in July 1942, three months after the death of his father. Brigid Corinna MacNeice (known by her second name like her parents, or as "Bimba") was born a year later. By the end of the war MacNeice had written well over sixty scripts for the BBC and a further collection of poems, Springboard . The radio play Christopher Columbus , produced in 1942 and later published as

2560-705: The first edition of Geoffrey Grigson 's magazine New Verse . MacNeice also started sending poems to T. S. Eliot at around this time, and although Eliot did not feel that they merited Faber and Faber publishing a volume of poems, several were published in Eliot's journal The Criterion . On 15 May 1934, Louis and Mary's son Daniel John MacNeice was born. In September of that year, MacNeice travelled to Dublin with Dodds, who had republican sympathies, and met William Butler Yeats . Unsuccessful attempts at playwriting and another novel were followed in September 1935 by Poems ,

2624-472: The first of his collections for Faber and Faber, who would remain his publishers. This helped establish MacNeice as one of the new poets of the 1930s. In November, Mary left MacNeice and their infant son for a Russian-American graduate student called Charles Katzmann who had been staying with the family. MacNeice engaged a nurse to look after Dan, and his sister and stepmother also helped on occasion. In early 1936, Blunt and MacNeice visited Spain, shortly after

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2688-730: The first time. MacNeice also met the writer Eleanor Clark in New York, and arranged to spend the next academic year on sabbatical so that he could be with her. A lectureship at Cornell University was organised, and in December 1939 MacNeice sailed for America, leaving his son in Ireland. Cornell proved a success but the relationship with Eleanor did not, and MacNeice was back in London by the end of 1940. Faber and Faber published Selected Poems in March 1940, which contained 20 poems drawn from Poems 1935 , The Earth Compels and Autumn Journal . It went through six impressions by 1945. MacNeice worked as

2752-409: The four poets: Campbell, in common with much literary journalism of the period, imagined that the four were a group of like-minded poets although they shared little but left-wing views in the broadest sense of the word. Campbell elsewhere implied that the four were homosexual, but MacNeice and Day-Lewis were entirely heterosexual. In later years, the term was sometimes used neutrally, as a synonym for

2816-451: The group was essentially a journalistic myth, a convenient label for poets and novelists who were approximately the same age, who had been educated at Oxford and Cambridge , who had known each other at different times and had more or less left-wing views ranging from MacNeice's political scepticism to Upward's committed communism. The "group" was never together in the same room: the four poets (Auden, Day-Lewis, MacNeice and Spender) were in

2880-528: The left, was always sceptical of easy answers and "the armchair reformist". The Strings are False (written at the time of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact ) describes his wish for a change in society and even revolution, but also his intellectual opposition to Marxism and especially the communism embraced by many of his friends. MacNeice started to write poetry again, and in January 1933 he and Auden led

2944-520: The lowest rates in Africa and Eastern Asia. About 81% of women with uterine cancer survive for five years. This rate is higher with more localized cancer at 95% survival rate for five years and lower for a distant spread of the cancer, at a 16.8% survival rate for five years. Uterine cancer is the fourth most common cancer in females in the UK (around 8,500 women were diagnosed with the disease in 2011), and it

3008-502: The most common invasive gynecologic cancer . The number of women diagnosed with uterine cancer has been steadily increasing, with 35,040 diagnosed in 1999 and 56,808 diagnosed in 2016. The age-adjusted rate of new cases in 1999 was 23.9 per 100,000 and has increased to 27.3 per 100,000 in 2016. The incidence of uterine cancer increased even more in 2019, with an approximated 61,880 new cases. The rates of incidence and death for uterine cancer differ depending on race. The rate of diagnosis

3072-483: The muscles or support tissue of the uterus. Endometrial cancer accounts for approximately 90% of all uterine cancers in the United States. Symptoms of endometrial cancer include changes in vaginal bleeding or pain in the pelvis . Symptoms of uterine sarcoma include unusual vaginal bleeding or a mass in the vagina . Risk factors for endometrial cancer include obesity , metabolic syndrome , type 2 diabetes , taking pills that contain estrogen without progesterone ,

3136-588: The news that he had been arrested for drunkenness by telegraphing his father to say he was engaged to be married to Mary. John MacNeice (by now Archdeacon of Connor , and a Bishop a few years later) was horrified to discover his son was engaged to a Jew , while Ezra's family demanded assurances that Louis's brother's Down's syndrome was not hereditary. Amidst this turmoil MacNeice published four poems in Oxford Poetry, 1929 and his first undergraduate collection Blind Fireworks (1929). Published by Gollancz ,

3200-607: The poet's grave in the company of Longley and Seamus Heaney in 1965. At the time of MacNeice's death, John Berryman described him as "one of my best friends", and wrote an elegy in Dream Song #267 . Louis MacNeice's archive was established at the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin in 1964, a year after MacNeice's death. The collection, largely coming from MacNeice's sister Elizabeth Nicholson, includes manuscripts of poetic and dramatic works,

3264-493: The poet's ten-minute introduction in his distinctive Ulster accent.) It was during his first year as a student at Oxford that MacNeice first met W. H. Auden , who had gained a reputation as the university's foremost poet during the preceding year. Stephen Spender and Cecil Day-Lewis were already part of Auden's circle, but MacNeice's closest Oxford friends were John Hilton, Christopher Holme and Graham Shepard , who had been with him at Marlborough. MacNeice threw himself into

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3328-413: The risk for patients with obesity. Treatment of uterine cancer may differ depending on the type of cancer and staging of the tumor. In early stages, minimal invasive surgery is preferred. For endometrial cancer, five main types of treatments are used, including surgery, radiation therapy , chemotherapy , hormone therapy, and targeted therapy. The most common treatment modality for endometrial cancer

3392-476: The same room only once in the 1930s, for a BBC broadcast in 1938 of modern poets (also including Dylan Thomas and others who were not associated with the "Auden Group"). The event was so insignificant that Day-Lewis failed to mention it when he wrote in his autobiography, The Buried Day , that the four were first together in 1953. The connections between individual writers as friends and collaborators were, however, real. Auden and Isherwood produced three plays and

3456-719: The two authors in MacNeice's London home the previous year), and towards the end of the year a play called Out of the Picture was published and produced by the Group Theatre . Music was written for the production by Benjamin Britten , as he had done previously for Agamemnon . In 1938, Faber and Faber published a second collection of poems, The Earth Compels , the Oxford University Press published Modern Poetry , and Nancy once again contributed illustrations to

3520-489: The two men spent a particularly drunken night in the home of Cecil Woodham-Smith during a curious meeting in Ireland whilst Behan was working on assignment as a writer for Life magazine and MacNeice on assignment with the BBC. During the trip, which allegedly lasted some weeks, neither writer managed successfully to file their copy. MacNeice was awarded the CBE in the 1958 New Year's Honours list. A South African trip in 1959

3584-431: The uterus. Any of these findings warrant further workup by a doctor. It is not known with certainty what the causes for uterine cancer may be, though hormone imbalance is cited as a risk factor. Estrogen receptors, known to be present on the surfaces of cells of this type of cancer, are thought to interact with the hormone causing increased cell growth, which can then result in cancer. The exact mechanism of how this occurs

3648-588: The volume was dedicated to "Giovanna" (Mary's full name was Giovanna Marie Thérèse Babette). In 1930 the couple were married at Oxford Register Office , neither set of parents attending the ceremony. He was awarded a first-class degree in literae humaniores , and had already gained an appointment as Assistant Lecturer in Classics at the University of Birmingham . The newlyweds were found lodgings in Birmingham by E. R. Dodds (a Professor of Greek and MacNeice's future literary executor ) and his wife Bet. Bet

3712-617: The year. MacNeice was generally happy at Sherborne, which gave an education concentrating on the Classics (Greek and Latin) and literature (including the memorising of poetry). He was an enthusiastic sportsman, something which continued when he moved to Marlborough College in 1921, having won a classical scholarship. Marlborough was a less happy place, with a hierarchical and sometimes cruel social structure, but MacNeice's interest in ancient literature and civilisation deepened and expanded to include Egyptian and Norse mythology . In 1922, he

3776-409: Was "totally, irredeemably heterosexual". In November 1925, MacNeice was awarded a postmastership to Merton College, Oxford , and he left Marlborough in the summer of the following year. He left behind his birth name of Frederick, his accent and his father's faith, although he never lost a sense of his Irishness; (the BBC radio premiere of MacNeice's The Dark Tower in January 1946, was preceded by

3840-477: Was a lecturer in the Department of English. The MacNeices lived in a former coachman's cottage in the grounds of a house in Selly Park belonging to another professor, Philip Sargant Florence . Birmingham was a very different university (and city) from Oxford, MacNeice was not a natural lecturer, and he found it difficult to write poetry. He turned instead to a semi-autobiographical novel, Roundabout Way , which

3904-469: Was followed by the start of his final relationship, with the actress Mary Wimbush , who had performed in his plays since the forties. Hedli asked MacNeice to leave the family home in late 1960. In early 1961, Solstices was published, and in the middle of the year MacNeice became a half-time employee at the BBC, leaving him six months a year to work on his own projects. By this time he was "living on alcohol", and eating very little, but still writing (including

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3968-459: Was invited to join Marlborough's secret 'Society of Amici' where he was a contemporary of John Betjeman and Anthony Blunt , forming a lifelong friendship with the latter. He also wrote poetry and essays for the school magazines. By the end of his time at the school, MacNeice was sharing a study with Blunt and also sharing his aesthetic tastes, though not his sexual ones; Blunt said MacNeice

4032-510: Was published a few days after his funeral – Auden, who gave a reading at MacNeice's memorial service, described the poems of his last two years as "among his very best". MacNeice wrote in the introduction to his Autumn Journal , "Poetry in my opinion must be honest before anything else and I refuse to be 'objective' or clear-cut at the cost of honesty." He has inspired many poets since his death, particularly those from Northern Ireland such as Paul Muldoon and Michael Longley . There has been

4096-415: Was published in 1932 under the name of Louis Malone as he feared a novel by an academic would not be favourably reviewed. He felt that married life was not helping his poetry: "To write poems expressing doubt or melancholy, an anarchist conception of freedom or nostalgia for the open spaces (and these were the things that I wanted to express), seemed disloyal to Mariette. Instead I was disloyal to myself, wrote

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