William Winter (July 15, 1836, Gloucester , Massachusetts – June 30, 1917) was an American dramatic critic and author. In 1958, Winter would move to New York City to pursue a career as a writer where he would stay for the remainder of his life. During his time in New York , Winter would work as a sub-editor for newspapers such as The Saturday Press , or as a drama critic of the New York Tribune .
33-605: John Augustin Daly (July 20, 1838 – June 7, 1899) was one of the most influential men in American theatre during his lifetime. Drama critic, theatre manager, playwright, and adapter, he became the first recognized stage director in America. He exercised fierce and tyrannical control over all aspects of his productions. His rules of conduct for actors and actresses imposed heavy fines for late appearances and forgotten lines and earned him
66-695: A Tribute to the Actress and the Woman (1888). He died on 7th June 1899 in Paris aged 60 and laid to rest in Calvary Cemetery, Woodside, Queens County, New York, US. Dora Knowlton Ranous , a onetime actress in the Daly company, published a 1910 memoir of her experiences entitled Diary of a Daly Débutante. Under the Gaslight (1867) is an example of Daly's mixture of realism and melodrama, seen in
99-794: A collection of verse and worked as a reviewer for the Boston Transcript . He relocated to New York in 1856 and became assistant editor of literary and social commentary weekly, The Saturday Press , in print intermittently from 1858-1866. Winter became a regular at the center of Greenwich Village 's Bohemian hotspot, Pfaff's, where artists such as Walt Whitman , Mark Twain , Winslow Homer , Edwin Booth , Adah Isaacs Menken , Ada Clara , Horatio Alger Jr, met. In 1860 Winter married Scottish poet and novelist Elizabeth Campbell , raising their five children in Staten Island , New York. In
132-733: A dock in Plymouth — are the centerpieces of this history. Beginning early in the war and for its remainder, the Union controlled the Albemarle and Pamlico Sounds . The geographical importance for the Northern forces of Plymouth's location at the mouth of the Roanoke River was the Union desire to push upriver and capture the vital Wilmington and Weldon Railroad line passing through Weldon, North Carolina , which would completely cut off
165-409: A household in the town was $ 17,281, and the median income for a family was $ 26,800. Males had a median income of $ 26,352 versus $ 17,350 for females. The per capita income for the town was $ 12,067. About 30.8% of families and 37.5% of the population were below the poverty line , including 54.3% of those under age 18 and 28.8% of those age 65 or over. The Moratuc tribe of American Indians was living in
198-519: A large settlement on Welch Creek near the current Domtar pulp mill site in 1585 when the area was explored by English settlers. Moratuc was an Indian name for the Roanoke River . The Moratuc tribe were probably an Algonquian tribe, but there is debate that they may have been Iroquois . Plymouth was established in 1787 by Arthur Rhodes on 100 acres (0.40 km ) of his Brick House plantation he subdivided into 172 lots. Note that "Brickhouse"
231-494: A manner before unknown in America. He took his entire company on tour, visiting England, Germany and France, and some of the best actors on the American stage have owed their training and first successes to him. Among these were Clara Morris , Sara Jewett, John Drew, Jr. , Maurice Barrymore , Fanny Davenport , Agnes Ethel , Maude Adams , Mrs. Gilbert , Tyrone Power, Sr. , Ada Dyas , Isadora Duncan , Maud Jeffries and many others. Daly's willingness to, as he put it, "stoop to
264-415: A paper manufacturer. The paper mill and its related facilities have been the largest employer since 1937. It was owned by Kieckhefer Container Company ( John W. Kieckhefer ) which was merged into Weyerhauser in 1957. In March 2007, Weyerhauser sold its paper interests to Domtar. The paper mill is now a Domtar papermill, while the onsite sawmill is still owned by Weyerhauser. In October 2009, Domtar announced
297-526: A widow, brought her two boys to New York City, where they soon became frequent attendants at the theaters and were members of amateur groups under such names as the "Burton Association" or the "Murdoch Association" were the precursors of the Little Theatre Movement . He was a dramatic critic for several New York papers from 1859, and he adapted or wrote a number of plays, Under the Gaslight (1867) being his first success. In 1869 he became
330-697: A writer and critic. Part of his archive was purchased by theatre and film producer and collector Messmore Kendall, who donated his collection of William Winter's papers and books along with Harry Houdini 's archive to the University of Texas at Austin , where it is now available for research at the Harry Ransom Center . His enormously prolific legacy is also preserved at the Folger Shakespeare Library 's Robert Young Collection on William Winter. In 1886, in commemoration of
363-564: Is a common local patronym . In 1790, the North Carolina General Assembly named Plymouth a "port of delivery" and in 1808 it was named a " port of entry ". The county seat of Washington County was moved to Plymouth from Lee's Mill, as Roper, North Carolina , was then known, by special act of the General Assembly on January 31, 1823. A new courthouse was completed by November 1824 on the same site where
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#1732791896469396-569: Is pure melodrama, with water and fire spectacles providing action scenes and special effects for its eager audiences. Horizon (1871) is an adaptation of a Bret Harte story about the westward expansion of the States; it is an example of the popularity of western drama, coupled with Daly's interest in realism of the local color variety, although it remains melodramatic. Divorce (1871) and Pique (1875), both adaptations of British novels, demonstrate Daly's attempts to create social comedy, although
429-485: The United States Census Bureau , the town of Plymouth has a total area of 3.9 square miles (10 km ), of which 3.9 square miles (10 km ) is land and 0.26% is water. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 3,320 people, 1,522 households, and 678 families residing in the town. As of the 2010 United States Census , there were 3,878 people living in the town. The racial makeup of
462-513: The 1880s he began publishing biographies of thespians like the Jefferson family and Edwin Booth. Winter opposed the modernist theater of playwrights like Ibsen, and maintained that drama should be a moral force. His 1912 The Wallet of Time offers a fascinating retrospective look at the development of nineteenth-century theater; in the preface, he states that "[a] ruling purpose of my criticism has been... to oppose, denounce, and endeavor to defeat
495-591: The Roanoke River. Plymouth is home to the North Carolina Black Bear Festival , an annual three-day event at the beginning of June centered around bears. William Winter (author) William Winter was born on July 15, 1836, in Gloucester, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard Law School in 1857. Known for his Romantic poetry , Winter also wrote theater criticism, essays, and brief biographies. By 1854 Winter had published
528-467: The authenticity of his depiction of real locations and in his use of social commentary. The play introduced the now-clichéd device of the villain tying someone to railroad tracks, although in a reversal of the usual roles it was the hero who was tied up and the heroine who saved him. In the book Vagrant Memories, the author, William Winter recalls how Daly came up with the device. He says: "He once told me under what circumstances he hit upon this device. He
561-560: The curb and bestow upon the low, untried actor a chance at greatness" earned him the nickname "Little Man Auggie" among his peers. His play Leah the Forsaken , adapted from Hermann Salomon Mosenthal 's Deborah , was a star vehicle for Margaret Mather . His Shakespeare productions were often severely criticized by George Bernard Shaw , who was active as a drama critic during those years. Shaw took Daly to task for cutting Shakespeare's plays and for presenting them in unorthodox ways. (Shaw
594-416: The end of paper machine operations, and the mill will be converted to produce fluff pulp alone, with a 33% workforce reduction to about 360 employees. The town is re-branding itself as a tourist destination to offset the reduction in paper-making employment, taking advantage of its natural environment, being surrounded by tracts of forests and swamplands. A riverfront boardwalk has been built, with views of
627-633: The history of civilization... and, if possible, to exert a beneficial influence on the mind of the rising generation, -- the generation that will support the Drama, determine its spirit, and shape its destiny" . He died in New Brighton, Staten Island on June 30, 1917, after a bout of angina pectoris . He was buried at Silver Mount Cemetery . Winter left two significant archives of biographies and essays on stars like Edwin Booth and Sir Henry Irving , in addition to career papers documenting his work as
660-564: The major supply line for General Robert E. Lee 's army in Virginia from more southerly ports. This would essentially end all materiel support for Lee's forces and force his defeat or retreat from Virginia. Fort Branch , located upriver at Hamilton, successfully blocked the Union gunboats and troops sailing upstream from Plymouth at the river bend called Rainbow Branch. The fort held until April 10, 1865, one day after General Lee surrendered at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia , at which point it
693-622: The manager of the Fifth Avenue Theatre on 24th St. and in 1873 the Fifth Avenue Theatre on 28th. In 1879 he rebuilt and opened Daly's Theatre on Broadway and 30th Street in New York, and, in 1893, Daly's Theatre in London. At the first of these, he gathered a company of players, headed by Ada Rehan , which made for it a high reputation, and for them he adapted plays from foreign sources, and revived Shakespearean comedies in
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#1732791896469726-485: The most complete belt-buckle and button collections in the U.S. and a model of the ironclad ram CSS Albemarle . The Garrett's Island House , Latham House , Perry-Spruill House , Plymouth Historic District , and Washington County Courthouse , New Chapel Missionary Baptist Church are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The primary industry for the area is Domtar Paper Company, LLC. ,
759-406: The pain was great, and exclaiming, over and over again, 'I've got it! I've got it! And it beats hot-irons all to pieces!" I wasn't even thinking of the hurt. I had the thought of having my hero tied on a railroad track and rescued by his sweetheart, just in the nick of time, before the swift passage of an express train across a dark stage. A Flash of Lightning (1868), like Under the Gaslight ,
792-638: The plays remain somewhat melodramatic. Plymouth, North Carolina Plymouth is the most populous town in Washington County, North Carolina , United States. The population was 3,320 at the 2020 census . It is the county seat of Washington County. Plymouth is located on the Roanoke River about seven miles (11 km) upriver from its mouth into the Albemarle Sound in North Carolina's Inner Banks region. According to
825-456: The policy which, in unscrupulous greed of gain, allows the Theatre to become an instrument to vitiate public taste and corrupt public morals" (xxiv). Winter's work on New York's theatrical scene details the careers, pursuits, and tastes of the major players and plays. He encouraged actors and writers to acknowledge the "use of a power manifestly greater in modern society than it ever was before in
858-611: The present courthouse stands. It stood until 1862 when it caught fire and burned to the ground from a shell fired by a Union gunboat during bombardment of Plymouth. Plymouth has the historical distinction of being the site of the second-largest battle in North Carolina and its last Confederate victory, the Battle of Plymouth (1864) , during the American Civil War . The Confederate ironclad warship CSS Albemarle — and its eventual sinking on October 27, 1864, while moored at
891-675: The title "the autocrat of the stage." He formed a permanent company in New York and opened Daly's Theatre in New York in 1879, and a second one in London in 1893. Augustin Daly was born in Plymouth, North Carolina to Captain Denis Daly, sea-captain and ship owner, and Elizabeth, daughter of Lieutenant John Duffy of the British Army. He was educated in Norfolk, Virginia , and in the public schools of New York City. His mother, early left
924-544: The town was 35.04% White , 63.09% African American , 0.02% Native American , 0.61% Asian , 0.73% from other races , and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.31% of the population. There were 1,623 households, out of which 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.1% were married couples living together, 27.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.0% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.8% had someone living alone who
957-472: The town was 68.3% Black, 28.9% White, 0.4% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.1% from some other race and 0.9% of two or more races. 1.2% were Hispanic or Latino of any race. As of the census of 2000, there were 4,107 people, 1,623 households, and 1,119 families living in the town. The population density was 1,061.7 inhabitants per square mile (409.9/km ). There were 1,829 housing units at an average density of 472.8 per square mile (182.5/km ). The racial makeup of
990-449: Was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.99. In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.6% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 23.0% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 77.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 71.0 males. The median income for
1023-625: Was a strong believer in presenting Shakespeare's plays uncut.) Several of Shaw's criticisms of Daly's Shakespeare productions were reprinted in the anthology Shaw on Shakespeare . In 1894, he was awarded the Laetare Medal by the University of Notre Dame , considered the most prestigious award for American Catholics . Daly was a great book-lover, and his valuable library was dispersed by auction after his death, which occurred in Paris . Besides plays, original and adapted, he wrote Woffington :
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1056-540: Was abandoned and its cannons were hurled into the Roanoke River. Thus, the war histories of Fort Branch and Plymouth are intimately connected. Plymouth State Normal School was established to educate African American teachers. It was moved to Elizabeth City in 1903 and became Elizabeth City State University. The Port O'Plymouth History Museum, located in the circa 1923 former Atlantic Coast Line Railroad station in downtown Plymouth, has an excellent, nationally recognized collection of Civil War artifacts, including one of
1089-427: Was walking home toward night, thinking intently about the play which he had begun to write, when suddenly the crowning expedient occurred to him and at the same instant he stumbled over a misplaced flagstone, striking his right foot against the edge of the stone and sustaining a severe hurt. "I was near my door," he said, "and I rushed into the house, threw myself into a chair, grasping my injured foot with both hands, for
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