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33-686: BZS or BZs may refer to: Brazilian Sign Language , by ISO 639 language code BZs, slang for benzodiazepines Code for a model of Z type carriage Bermuda Zoological Society, a source of support for the Bermuda Aquarium, Museum and Zoo Identification code for some records produced by Some Bizzare Records Nickname of Barisal Zilla School in Barisal, Bangladesh Nickname of Bogra Zilla School in Bogra, Bangladesh Topics referred to by

66-415: A chain of five signs ("interior-understand-possible-adjective-not"), the deaf natural language would simply say "understand-impossible". LSF was not invented by the abbé, but his major contributions to the deaf community were to recognize that the deaf did not need oral language to be able to think, and to indirectly accelerate the natural growth of the language by virtue of putting so many deaf students under

99-632: A language stems primarily from its unique grammatical organization which diverges from how Portuguese is structured. A strong sign language law was passed by the National Congress of Brazil on April 24, 2002. This law formally acknowledged Libras as a language and mandated governmental support and promotion of its usage. Additionally, it stipulated that public institutions and healthcare services must provide appropriate services for deaf individuals. In addition to being recognized nationally since 2002, Libras has also gained official status at

132-577: A master's degree in linguistics. The dissertation "A escrita de expressões não manuais gramaticais em sentenças da Libras pelo Sistema signwriting" by João Paulo Ampessan states that "the data indicate the need for [non-manual expressions] usage in writing sign language". In September 2017, new Libras accessibility requirements took effect in Brazil mandating availability of Brazilian Sign Language for films shown in Brazilian movie theaters . Sign language

165-626: A number of regional locations in Brasilia , Sao Paulo , Belo Horizonte , Fortaleza , Curitiba , Manaus , Caxias do Sul and Porto Alegre , further amplifying its reach and impact across Brazil. William Stoke proposed that sign language exhibits small units of speech, akin to the phonemes found in spoken languages. In Brazilian Sign Language (Libras), these units are organized according to five parameters studied within phonology. These parameters encompass handshape , location, movement, palm orientation, and non-manual markers . Handshape refers to

198-509: A representation of eleven deaf members alongside three hearing individuals. FENEIS is known as a nonprofit institution dedicated to advocating for the educational, cultural, and social rights of the deaf community. Through its proactive efforts, FENEIS has significantly advanced the legal and societal standing of deaf individuals. Notably, its impact extends beyond advocacy, encompassing direct engagement in educational initiatives, cultural promotion, and social services. Additionally, FENEIS has

231-406: A sign, involving the hands, arms, or body. Palm orientation delineates the various directions the palm may face while producing a sign. Lastly, non-manual markers entail facial expressions that can accentuate or alter the meaning of a sign. Much like phonemes in spoken language, these parameters play a pivotal role in sign meaning. Any alteration in these parameters can result in a significant shift in

264-557: A single roof. From this time French Sign Language flourished until the late 19th century when a schism developed between the manualist and oralist schools of thought. In 1880 the Milan International Congress of Teachers for the Deaf-Mute convened and decided that the oralist tradition would be preferred. In due time the use of sign language was treated as a barrier to learning to talk and thus forbidden from

297-415: A vote to pave the way for a new federation. The idea for a new federation was proposed by deaf individuals and was named The National Federation of Deaf Education and Integration ( Portuguese : Federação Nacional de Educação e Integração dos Surdos ) ( FENEIS ). Initially overseen by hearing individuals, FENEIS gradually transitioned to a more inclusive leadership structure. By 1998, the organization boasted

330-512: A wide range of concepts and contexts. Just like spoken language, Libras, used within the deaf community in Brazil, exhibits regional and generational variations in its signs. Different signs may denote places, objects, and concepts, and these signs may evolve over time with new generations. These changes underscore the dynamic nature of language. Professor Rimar Segala from the Federal University of Sao Carlos notes that this "variation

363-520: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Brazilian Sign Language Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) is a well-established language and legally recognized. Several dictionaries, instructional videos, and a number of articles on the linguistic nuances of the language have been published. It is a natural language of Brazil, but it exhibits influences of French Sign Language , therefore sharing similarities with other sign languages across Europe and

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396-842: Is displayed to moviegoers on a second screen device. Sign language is stored as a Sign Language Video track in the Digital Cinema Package (DCP), synchronized with the rest of the film. Sign Language Video tracks have no audio and are encoded as a VP9 -compressed video encoded in PCM audio stored in Sound Track 15 of the DCP. Wittmann (1991) posits that Brazilian Sign Language is a language isolate (a 'prototype' sign language), though one developed through stimulus diffusion from an existing sign language, likely Portuguese Sign Language and/or French Sign Language . ^b Denotes

429-717: Is evidence of the vitality of the language." For example, in Sao Paulo, the sign for beer involves a twist with the fist, whereas in Minas Gerais, beer is represented by touching the side of the face with the pointer and middle fingers. Ronice Müller de Quadros and her colleagues developed the Libras SignBank , a valuable resource enabling users to access hundreds of Libras signs. It facilitates searches for signs based on Portuguese equivalents, handshapes, associated word categories, phonology, or syntax. Additionally,

462-402: Is frequently, though mistakenly, attributed to the work of Charles Michel de l'Épée (l'abbé de l'Épée). In fact, he is said to have discovered the already existing language by total accident; having ducked into a nearby house to escape the rain, he fell upon a pair of deaf twin sisters and was struck by the richness and complexity of the language that they used to communicate among themselves and

495-519: The Milan Conference of 1880 , where a resolution against the use of sign language in education was passed, favoring oralism . Oralism gained prominence in Brazil from 1911 onwards, and the INES superintendent, Ana Rímoli de Faria Doria, endorsed oralism in the institute by separating older deaf individual from younger ones to discourage sign language use. Despite the imposition of oralism and

528-544: The Americas. Additionally, Libras has regional dialects across Brazil, reflecting the diverse sociocultural differences in the country. Libras is not merely a form of gesturing within the Portuguese language used to communicate; rather, it stands as a distinct language in its own right. Brazilian sign language is a visual-spatial language that combines gestures, facial expression and body language. Its classification as

561-529: The Hearing Impaired ( Portuguese : Federação Nacional de Educação e Integração do Deficiente Auditivo ) (FENEIDA) was founded in Rio de Janeiro in 1977 by hearing individuals with an interest in the deaf community. FENEIDA later had an increased participation from deaf individuals, marking a pivotal shift towards advocating for their rights within the organization. In 1987, FENEIDA was dissolved through

594-756: The SignBank enables users to explore regional variations of signs, offering a deeper understanding of the linguistic diversity within Libras. Sutton SignWriting is the dominant writing system in Brazil. A master's in linguistics dissertation titled "A arte de escrever em Libras" by Gabriela Otaviani Barbosa found that SignWriting is used in 18 Federal Universities and in 12 public schools in Brazil. Historical efforts were commonly transcribed using Portuguese words, written in upper case, to stand for each equivalent Libras morpheme. Transcription of Libras signs using SignWriting has been in place since at least 1997 with

627-758: The SignNet Project in Porto Alegre and Fernando Capovilla's dictionaries in São Paulo. The University of Santa Catarina at Florianopolis (UFSC) has required courses in SignWriting as the preferred form of LIBRAS transcription. SignWriting is cited as being useful in the pedagogy of young children. The Federal University of Santa Catarina has accepted a dissertation written in Brazilian Sign Language using Sutton SignWriting for

660-594: The age of 12 he acquired measles which resulted in him becoming deaf. Undeterred by his condition, Huet continued his education, mastering Spanish and enrolling in the National Institute for the Deaf in Paris. In 1855, he relocated to Brazil with his wife, where his encounter with the deaf community led him to play a pivotal role in the development of Libras. Huet aided in the creation of the first public school for

693-413: The ban on sign language in schools, many deaf individuals in Brazil continued to resist and advocate for the recognition of their language and culture. It wasn't until 2002 that Libras gained legal recognition as a means of communication and expression, thanks to a law passed by Congress, marking a significant victory for the deaf community in Brazil. The National Federation of Education and Integration of

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726-616: The classroom. This situation remained unchanged in France until the late 1970s, when the deaf community began to militate for greater recognition of sign language and for a bilingual education system. In 1991 the National Assembly passed the Fabius law, officially authorising the use of LSF for the education of deaf children. A law was passed in 2005 fully recognising LSF as a language in its own right. The French manual alphabet

759-429: The continent and that popularised the idea that the deaf could be educated, especially by gesture. The methodical signs he created were a mixture of sign language words he had learned with some grammatical terms he invented. The resulting combination, an artificial language, was over-complicated and completely unusable by his students. For example, where his system would elaborately construct the word "unintelligible" with

792-446: The deaf Parisian community. The abbé set himself to learning the language, now known as Old French Sign Language , and eventually he established a free school for the deaf. At this school, he developed a system he called "methodical signs", to teach his students how to read and write. The abbé was eventually able to make public demonstrations (1771–1774) of his system, demonstrations that attracted educators and celebrities from all over

825-568: The deaf in Brazil, located in Rio de Janeiro and due to his contact with deaf individuals in Brazil he became a key person in the development of Libras. The first public school for the deaf was established in Rio de Janeiro in 1857 and marked a significant milestone. Initially named the Imperial Institute of the Deaf-Mute ( Portuguese : Imperial Instituto de Surdos-Mudos /ĩ.pe.ɾiˈaɫ is.tiˈtu.tu dʒi ˈsuɾ.du ˈmu.du/ ) due to people at

858-589: The municipal and state levels in various regions, including Belo Horizonte , Curitiba , Ouro Preto , Salvador , Rondonia , and Mato Grosso . In Rio de Janeiro , the teaching of Libras was made official in the curriculum of the municipal school system. Recognizing the importance of Libras, April 24 has been designated as the National Day of Brazilian Sign Language (Libras). Educational approaches have shifted from oralism to Total Communication and bilingualism . Brazilian Sign Language

891-751: The number (if known) of languages within the family. No further information is given on these languages. French Sign Language French Sign Language ( French : langue des signes française , LSF ) is the sign language of the deaf in France and French-speaking parts of Switzerland . According to Ethnologue , it has 100,000 native signers. French Sign Language is related and partially ancestral to Dutch Sign Language (NGT), Flemish Sign Language (VGT), Belgian-French Sign Language (LSFB), Irish Sign Language (ISL), American Sign Language (ASL), Quebec (also known as French Canadian) Sign Language (LSQ), Brazilian Sign Language (LSB or Libras) and Russian Sign Language (RSL). French Sign Language

924-411: The publication of the first Brazilian Sign Language dictionary, "Iconografia dos Signaes dos Surdos-Mudos," authored by Flausino José da Costa Gama, an INES student. However, despite these advancements in sign language, a prevalent medical perspective persisted, leading to the institutionalization of deaf individuals in hopes of finding a cure. This medical model gained traction, particularly following

957-402: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title BZS . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=BZS&oldid=721373653 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

990-628: The sign's meaning. In Brazilian Sign Language (Libras), signs typically represent specific words used in communication. However, when a particular word lacks a designated sign, fingerspelling becomes necessary. Fingerspelling involves manually spelling out words using the letters of the Libras alphabet. Libras fingerspelling uses a one-handed manual alphabet similar to that used by the French Sign Language family. This method allows individuals to convey words for which there are no existing signs, enabling effective communication across

1023-429: The specific configuration of the hand while forming a sign. For instance, in 2012, Madson and Raquel Barreto compiled an inventory comprising 111 distinct handshapes. Location denotes where the hand is positioned in space or what it touches during sign production. Barros identified a total of 35 points where the hand can touch or be positioned during the articulation of a sign. Movement encompasses any motions accompanying

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1056-529: The time associating being deaf with the inability to speak, the school was later renamed the National Institute of Deaf Education ( Portuguese : Instituto Nacional de Educação de Surdos , /ĩs.tʃiˈtu.tu na.si.oˈnaw dʒi edu.ka.sɐ̃w dʒi ˈsuʁ.dus/ ) ( INES ). Serving as a beacon of reference for the country, INES catalyzed the formation of additional schools for the deaf and contributed to the consolidation of Libras. The emergence of tangible resources supporting sign language in Brazil can be traced back to 1875 with

1089-459: Was greatly influenced by French Sign Language . In 1855, the arrival of a deaf French teacher named Ernest Huet marked a pivotal moment in Libras' history. Huet, supported by the former Brazilian emperor Dom Pedro II , embarked on a mission to establish the first school for the deaf in Brazil. Huet was part of a noble family in France and possessed a multilingual background, proficient in Portuguese, German, and French from an early age. However, at

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