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22-613: Bouxwiller is the name of the following communes in France: Bouxwiller, Bas-Rhin , in the Bas-Rhin department Bouxwiller, Haut-Rhin , in the Haut-Rhin department [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

44-427: A brazen shield is suspended by chains, capable of being so lowered and raised as to regulate the temperature. It is similar to a sudatorium , or steam bath, where water is added to produce steam. Sometimes, as in the old baths at Pompeii , the laconicum was provided in an apse at one end of the caldarium , but as a rule it was a separate room raised to a higher temperature and had no bath in it. In addition to

66-819: A part of the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt . The Château de Bouxwiller became the residence of Louis IX's neglected wife Countess Caroline of Zweibrücken . During the French Revolution , the château was confiscated by the state and was pillaged in November 1793 by revolutionaries. The last remnants of the château were gone by the early 19th century. The medieval fortified city's two gates were razed in 1830. In 1787, there were about 400–500 households in Bouxwiller, of which there were 40–50 Catholic families, 40 Jewish families, and over 300 families of

88-703: Is composed of two elements: Boux- and -willer. The suffix -willer is the French spelling of the German -weiler, which derives from the Medieval Old High German suffix -willer, which in turn is derived from the Low Latin word villare and means "agricultural land". The first element of the name, Boux-, is likely representative of the Germanic name Bucco , as toponyms incorporating the suffix -willer

110-539: Is improbable considering the use of Puxuvilare in 724, since the Latin suffix -villare was not associated with vegetation. Tiles and pottery shards indicate the presence of Romans on Bastberg Hill , where the remains of a laconicum (Roman bath) were discovered in 1739. The earliest written mention of Bouxwiller was in 724, when Radolph and Eloïn gave the property of their respective mothers located in Puxuvilare to

132-642: Is not crossed by any significant rivers, but contains several large streams that drain into the river Moder . Among the large streams are the Wappachgraben, Embsbaechel, Oberholtz, Griesbaechel, Schnurgraben, and the Wallbach. Bouxwiller has a Cfb oceanic climate in the Köppen climate classification with an annual average temperature of 9.5 °C (49.1 °F) and annual average precipitation of 675 millimetres (26.6 in). A railway from Saverne

154-595: The Augsburg Confession of the Lutheran Church . Mining brought prosperity to the commune in the nineteenth century, but ended in 1957. In 1973, the villages of Griesbach-le-Bastberg, Imbsheim, and Riedheim were incorporated into the commune of Bouxwiller. The presence of a Jewish population in the city is documented in 1322. The Hanau-Lichtenberg administration was tolerant of the Jews, allowing

176-534: The Wissembourg Abbey . Bouxwiller came into the possession of the knights of Lichtenberg around 1260. Rudolf I of Germany elevated Bouxwiller to the rank of city to attract the allegiance of the Lichtenberg family; this status was renewed by Albert I of Germany in 1301. This status allowed Bouxwiller to have a city wall and host a market, among other new sources of revenue. In 1312, the city

198-619: The hypocaust under the floor, the wall was lined with ceramic flue pipes. The largest laconicum , about 75 feet (23 m) in diameter, was that built by Agrippa in the Baths of Agrippa on the south side of the Pantheon , and is referred to by Cassius Dio , who states that, in addition to other works, he constructed the hot bath chamber which he called the Laconicum Gymnasium . All traces of this building are lost; but in

220-579: The 13th century, the town came into possession of the Lichtenberg family, who constructed the Château de Bouxwiller here in the early 14th century. Bouxwiller was the capital of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg , and residence of the Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg, throughout its existence from 1480 to 1736. The Château de Bouxwiller was pillaged during the French Revolution and its remnants were gone by

242-894: The Second World War and the building now houses the Judeo-Alsatian Museum of Bouxwiller , dedicated to the history of Jews in Alsace . Bouxwiller is situated 34 kilometres (21 mi) northwest of Strasbourg . It is the capital of the Bouxwiller canton and is located within the Saverne arrondissement. It is bordered by the communes of Obersoultzbach , Niedersoultzbach , Uttwiller , Obermodern , Kirrwiller , Bosselshausen , Printzheim , Hattmatt , Neuwiller-lès-Saverne , and Weiterswiller . Bouxwiller covers an area of 25.6 square kilometres (9.9 sq mi) at an altitude of 221 metres (725 ft). The commune

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264-482: The additions made to the thermae of Agrippa by Septimius Severus , another laconicum was built farther south, portions of which still exist in the so-called Arco di Ciambella . [REDACTED]   This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain :  Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). " Laconicum ". Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 52–53. This article related to

286-491: The castle was renovated in the mid-sixteenth century by Philipp IV of Hanau-Lichtenberg and expanded with two new wings and lavish gardens. In June 1683, French King Louis XIV and his son Louis the Grand Dauphin made a stop in Bouxwiller and three years later, the city came under French control. In 1736, the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg was transferred to Landgrave Louis IX of Hesse-Darmstadt , officially becoming

308-474: The early 19th century. In 1973, the villages of Griesbach-le-Bastberg, Imbsheim, and Riedheim were incorporated into the commune of Bouxwiller. Puxuvilare is the earliest spelling of the town, as mentioned in 724. In 737, Buxwilari and Buxovillare were used. Eventually, Buchsweiler became the standard German spelling. The spelling of the town is Busswiller in Alsatian . The current spelling of

330-495: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bouxwiller&oldid=932732874 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bouxwiller, Bas-Rhin The earliest known mention of Bouxwiller dates to 724 AD. In

352-474: The presence of a yeshiva (religious school) and beth din (Jewish court), which lasted from the 1760s until the French Revolution, and the establishment of two Jewish cemeteries in the commune in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. In 1725, a census of the Jews in the city counted 31 families and five widows. A large synagogue was built in Bouxwiller in 1844. It was defaced and damaged during

374-451: The town's name dates to the French Revolution . In 1792, the German spelling Buchsweiler —sometimes seen as Bouxweiler —was officially replaced with its French equivalent Bouxwiller , then Bouxviller in 1793. During the German annexation of Alsace from 1871 to 1918 and German annexation between 1940 and 1944, the town reverted to its German spelling Buchsweiler. The name of the town

396-698: Was described as an oppidum , then meaning a fortified city. The Lichtenberg family built a moated castle in Bouxwiller—the Château de Bouxwiller —which was first mentioned in 1329, although it incorporated a chapel that was mentioned in 1315, when it hosted funeral services for John the First of Lichtenberg. The chapel also contained an epitaph and the tomb of John, Count of Werd and Landgrave of Lower Alsace, who died in 1376. Count Jacob of Lichtenberg died in 1480 without issue, leaving his territory to be divided among his nieces. The Bailiwick of Bouxwiller

418-464: Was inherited by Anne of Lichtenberg and her husband Philipp I of Hanau-Babbenhausen (later Philipp I, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg) to become a part of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg . Bouxwiller was the capital of the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg and residence of the Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg throughout its existence from 1480 to 1736. After being looted during the German Peasants' War ,

440-557: Was opened on 15 October 1877, with the railroad station in Bouxwiller opening the following year. The line was extended to Haguenau in 1881 and Ingwiller in 1889. Service between Bouxwiller and Ingwiller ended in 1953; the remaining line served passenger trains until 1970 and freight trains until 1989. The rail line has since been removed and its right-of-way now forms a cycle path, while the Bouxwiller train station has been remodeled and houses artisanal shops. Laconicum The laconicum (i.e. Spartan , sc. balneum , "bath")

462-530: Was the dry sweating room of the Roman thermae , sometimes contiguous to the caldarium or hot room. The name was given to it ( Laconia : Sparta) since it was the only form of warm bath that the Spartans admitted. The laconicum was usually a circular room with niches in the axes of the diagonals and was covered by a conical roof with a circular opening at the top, according to Vitruvius (v. 10), from which

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484-545: Was typically combined with a personal name as the first element. The letter 'X' represents the letters 'ks', of which the 's' is the Saxon genitive that frequently appeared in toponyms in the region in the late Middle Ages. Thus, a probable meaning of the town's name is "Bucco's land". An alternative folk etymology of the town name is that the name is a combination of Buchs -, the German word for Buxus (boxwood), and -willer, thus meaning "land of boxwood". However, this origin

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