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29-903: Bozsik ( [ˈboʒik] , probably of Western Slavic origin, possibly from the masculine given name Boško  – itself derived from the Slavic word boh / bog / bóh for "god" – followed by the Slavic diminutive suffix -ik , and thus of theophoric origin) is a Hungarian surname. It may refer to: Gábor Bozsik (born 1981), Hungarian sprint canoer József Bozsik (1925–1978), Hungarian footballer Levente Bozsik (born 1980), former Hungarian footballer Péter Bozsik (born 1961), Hungarian football manager References [ edit ] ^ "Nevek, családnevek magyarul (Hungarian names and surnames)" . forum.index.hub (in Hungarian). 2004-11-29 . Retrieved October 13, 2017 . Az etimológiához:

58-668: A Boško név minden valószínűség szerint a Božko név kijetés szerint lejegyzése. Ez utóbbiban a nyugati szláv Boh ~ egyéb szláv Bog 'Isten' szó rejtezik, melyhez járult a névképző funkciójú -ko kicsinyítőképző. hasonló szlovák névhez vö. Bozsik < Božík < Boh + -ík. Ez tehát az Istenes jellegű magyar vezetéknevek értelmi megfelelője. ^ "Bozsik Surname Distribution" . forebears.io . Retrieved October 13, 2017 . Approximately 1,882 people bear this surname. Most prevalent in: Hungary; Highest density in: Hungary ^ "Statistics and meaning of name Bozsik" . namespedia.com . Retrieved October 13, 2017 . Surname Bozsik

87-491: A broader dialect continuum with the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic, most notably Polish . The name " Czechoslovak language " is mostly reserved for an official written standard devised in the 19th century that was intended to unify Czech and Slovak. It was proclaimed an official language of Czechoslovakia and functioned de facto as Czech with slight Slovak input. The early Slavic expansion reached Central Europe in

116-675: A campaign to promote the Moravian nationality and language. The 2011 census recorded 62,908 native speakers of Moravian. The Czech-Slovak dialect continuum historically blended into Silesian in the west and Old Ruthenian (also known as Chancery Slavonic) in the east. With the development of the written standards in the 19th century, it has become less diversified, but there remains a pronounced dialectal division in Moravia . The southeastern Moravian dialects, in particular, are sometimes considered dialects of Slovak rather than Czech, e.g. using

145-497: A group from the other Slavic languages' (Sussex & Cubberley 2006). Czech and Slovak are more closely related to each other than to the other West Slavic languages, and also closer to each other than Polish and Sorbian are. Czecho-Slovak (Slovak in particular) shares certain features with other Slavic languages, such as Slovene and BCMS . Some distinctive features of the West Slavic languages, as from when they split from

174-645: A subgroup within the West Slavic languages comprising the Czech and Slovak languages . Most varieties of Czech and Slovak are mutually intelligible , forming a dialect continuum (spanning the intermediate Moravian dialects ) rather than being two clearly distinct languages; standardised forms of these two languages are, however, easily distinguishable and recognizable because of disparate vocabulary, orthography, pronunciation, phonology, suffixes and prefixes. The eastern Slovak dialects are more divergent and form

203-690: Is approximately dated to the 12th century in Slovak, the 12th to 13th century in Czech and the 14th century in Upper Sorbian. The Bohemian state was incorporated as the Kingdom of Bohemia in the 13th century. The Slovaks , on the other hand, never became part of the Holy Roman Empire in the medieval period, being incorporated into the Kingdom of Hungary . For this reason, the history of

232-453: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Western Slavic West Slavic is usually divided into three subgroups— Czech–Slovak , Lechitic and Sorbian —based on similarity and degree of mutual intelligibility . The groupings are as follows: Polish Kashubian Slovincian † Polabian † Lower Sorbian Upper Sorbian Czech Slovak The Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology classifies

261-763: Is used at least 392 times in at least 8 countries. [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Bozsik . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bozsik&oldid=1215433635 " Categories : Surnames Hungarian-language surnames Theophoric names Surnames from given names Hidden categories: CS1 Hungarian-language sources (hu) All articles lacking reliable references Articles lacking reliable references from October 2017 Articles with short description Short description

290-563: The East Slavic and South Slavic branches around the 3rd to 6th centuries AD (alternatively, between the 6th and 10th centuries ), are as follows: Although influences from other language families have contributed a lot of loanwords , and to a lesser extent to verb morphology and syntax, the Slavic languages retained a distinctly Slavic character, with clear roots in Indo-European. The West Slavic languages are all written in

319-634: The Latin script , while the East Slavic branch uses Cyrillic and the South Slavic branch is mixed. The early Slavic expansion reached Central Europe in c. the 7th century, and the West Slavic dialects diverged from Common Slavic over the following centuries. West Slavic polities of the 9th century include the Principality of Nitra and Great Moravia . The West Slavic tribes settled on

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348-544: The dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1993, the Czech and Slovak written standards have been the official languages of the Czech Republic and Slovakia , respectively. Beginning in the 1990s, a political movement of Moravian linguistic separatism has developed. On the occasion of 2011 Census of the Czech Republic , several Moravian organizations ( Moravané and Moravian National Community among others) led

377-462: The vocative case , while the Czech vocative is still very much alive. Slovak uses the passive voice formed as in English less than Czech, and prefers the passive voice formed using the reflexive pronoun sa (as in East Slavic languages ) instead. Lexical differences are mostly of simple historical origin. As for professional terminology, except for biology (esp. all names of animals and plants),

406-587: The 7th century, and the West Slavic dialects diverged from common Slavic over the following centuries. The West Slavic tribes settled on the eastern fringes of the Carolingian Empire , along the Limes Saxoniae . Prior to the Magyar invasion of Pannonia in the 890s, the West Slavic polity of Great Moravia spanned much of Central Europe between what is now Eastern Germany and Western Romania. In

435-492: The Czech dě , tě , ně . The "rhythmic law" in Slovak prohibits two adjacent long syllables. Slovak grammar is somewhat more regular than the grammar of literary Czech, since present-day standard Slovak was not codified until the 19th century. The two languages have differences in declension and conjugation endings and paradigms (e.g. Slovak -cia , -ej , -dlo , -ť , -ov , -om , -mi – Czech -c(i)e , -é , -tko , -t , -ů , -em , y ). Slovak does not commonly use

464-978: The Czech terminology was mostly taken over (in Slovakised form) for practical reasons. The Czech-Slovak Dictionary of Different Terms (1989, Prague) contains some 11,000 entries (without professional terminology): Examples of words with different meanings: SK topiť (to melt/to drown) (could be same meanings, depends on region) – CZ topit (to heat/to drown), SK kúriť (to heat) – CZ kouřit (to smoke), SK horký (bitter) – CZ horký (hot) but hořký (bitter), SK stávka (stake, bet) – CZ stávka (strike), SK chudý (slim, skinny) – CZ chudý (poor; metaphorically also slim), SK kapusta (cabbage) – CZ kapusta (Savoy cabbage), SK pivnica (cellar) – CZ pivnice (pub), SK syrový (cheesy, of cheese) – CZ syrový (raw, uncooked) but sýrový (of cheese), SK spraviť (to make, to create) – CZ spravit (to repair, to fix). Czech months are of Slavic origin (e.g. říjen ), whereas

493-717: The Slovak months are of Latin origin (e.g. október ). Although most words are in fact different, they are largely similar, being cognates , which makes both languages mutually intelligible to a significant extent; e.g. foreign (SK cudzí – CZ cizí ), reason (SK dôvod – CZ důvod ), to want (SK chcieť – CZ chtít ), to promise (SK sľubovať – CZ slibovat ), if (SK keby – CZ kdyby ), river (SK rieka – CZ řeka ), church (SK kostol – CZ kostel ), wedding (SK svadobný – CZ svatební ), who (SK kto – CZ kdo ), to ask (SK spýtať sa – CZ zeptat se ), to fail (SK zlyhať – CZ selhat ), almost (SK takmer – CZ téměř ), thanks (SK ďakujem, vďaka – CZ děkuju, díky ). Article 1 of

522-598: The West Slavic languages within their Glottolog database as follows: Czech Slovak Polish Silesian Kashubian Polabian † Lower Sorbian Upper Sorbian Some linguists include Upper and Lower Sorbian in the Lechitic branch, but other linguists regard it as a separate branch. The reason for this is that 'the Sorbian dialects are extremely diverse, and there are virtually no linguistic features common to all Sorbian dialects which distinguish them as

551-699: The closely related Czech and Slovak peoples took a significantly different course during the later medieval period, the Czechs being associated with the Holy Roman Empire and the Slovaks being affected by the history of Eastern Europe (the history of Hungary and the Mongol invasion ). In the 16th century, however, they were once again united under Habsburg rule , and after the fall of the Habsburg monarchy sharing their own country of Czechoslovakia during 1918–1992. In

580-577: The domination of the Holy Roman Empire and were strongly Germanized . The Bohemians established the Duchy of Bohemia in the 9th century, which was incorporated into the Holy Roman Empire in the early 11th century. At the end of the 12th century the duchy was raised to the status of kingdom , which was legally recognized in 1212 in the Golden Bull of Sicily . Lusatia , the homeland of

609-653: The eastern fringes of the Carolingian Empire , along the Limes Saxoniae . The Obotrites were given territories by Charlemagne in exchange for their support in his war against the Saxons . In the high medieval period, the West Slavic tribes were again pushed to the east by the incipient German Ostsiedlung , decisively so following the Wendish Crusade in the 11th century. The Sorbs and other Polabian Slavs like Obodrites and Veleti came under

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638-511: The first written attestation of the language in the 13th to 14th centuries. The diversification of West Slavic had the characteristic of a dialect continuum . For example, the spirantisation of Slavic /g/ to /h/ is an areal feature shared by the Czech-Slovak group with both Ukrainian and Sorbian (but not with Polish). This innovation appears to have traveled from east to west, and is sometimes attributed to contact with Scytho-Sarmatian . It

667-409: The following phonemes which Czech does not have: /ʎ/ , /rː/ , /lː/ , and the diphthongs /ɪɐ/ , /ɪe/ , /ɪʊ/ , /ʊo/ (also /ɛɐ/ in higher-style standard Slovak, or some dialects); and on the contrary, Czech has /r̝/ . Slovak, unlike Czech, uses palatal consonants more frequently (that is, is phonetically "softer"), but there are some exceptions. Slovak de , te , ne are usually pronounced as

696-429: The high medieval period, the West Slavic tribes were again pushed to the east by the incipient German Ostsiedlung , decisively so following the Wendish Crusade in the 11th century. West Slavic as a group distinct from common Slavic thus emerges during the 7th to 9th centuries. The Czech-Slovak in turn develops as a separate dialect continuum within West Slavic during roughly the 10th to 12th centuries, just predating

725-469: The modern period, the spoken language of Bohemia became influenced by the written standard and developed into Common Czech , largely effacing dialectal variation within Bohemia. By contrast, Moravia remained dialectally diverse, with a series of variants intermediate between Czech and Slovak, and are thus sometimes viewed as dialects of Slovak rather than Czech. The Czech–Slovak group was summarized under

754-478: The remaining Sorbs, became a crown land of Bohemia in the 11th century, and Silesia followed suit in 1335. The Slovaks , on the other hand, never became part of the Holy Roman Empire, being incorporated into the Kingdom of Hungary . Hungary fell under Habsburg rule alongside Austria and Bohemia in the 16th century, thus uniting the Bohemians, Moravians, Slovaks, and Silesians under a single ruler. While Lusatia

783-567: The same declension patterns for nouns and pronouns and the same verb conjugations as Slovak. In a 1964 textbook on Czech dialectology , Břetislav Koudela used the sentence put the flour from the mill in the cart to highlight phonetic differences between dialects: The following comparison concerns the contemporary written standards: Slovak graphemes that do not exist in Czech are: ä, ľ, ĺ, ŕ, ô. Czech graphemes that do not exist in Slovak are: ě, ř and ů (see Pronunciation for Czech language and Pronunciation for Slovak language ). Slovak has

812-578: The term "Bohemian–Moravian–Slovak" ( Böhmisch-Mährisch-Slowakisch ) in the Austrian census of Cisleithania beginning in the 1880s. The Czechoslovak language was an attempt to create a single written standard , first proposed during the national revival in the 1830s and the official language of the First Czechoslovak Republic from 1920 to 1938. In television and radio , Czech and Slovak were used in equal ratios. Since

841-581: Was lost to Saxony in 1635 and most of Silesia was lost to Prussia in 1740, the remaining West Slavic Habsburg dominions remained part of the Austrian Empire and then Austria-Hungary , and after that remained united until 1992 in the form of Czechoslovakia . Over the past century, there have been efforts by some to standardize and to recognize Silesian , Lachian , and Moravian as separate languages . Czech%E2%80%93Slovak languages The Czech–Slovak languages (or Czecho-Slovak ) are

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