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46-695: Originally shown as the Pininfarina B0 concept car in 2008, the production version was launched in 2011 with the first 250 production version Bluecars deployed as part of the Autolib' carsharing program in Paris on December 5, 2011. In October 2012, the Bluecar first became available to retail customers through leasing, and sales began in February 2013 at a price of €19,000 plus a monthly fee of €80 for

92-528: A collaboration with the Italian automotive firm Pininfarina . There were also plans to integrate payment for the bicycle and car hire services with the ticketing systems for traditional modes of public transport. In May 2012, Vincent Bolloré , the head of the Bolloré group, stated that he expected Autolib' to become profitable by 2018, but the service ended on 31 July 2018 and was replaced on 2 December 2018 by

138-569: A cumulative mileage of over 30,000,000 km (19,000,000 mi) since the service's introduction. In July 2018 the service ceased to operate. Some cars that were part of the fleet are parked in Loir-et-Cher , near Romorantin . In December 2009, the car-rental company Europcar brought the City of Paris to court, arguing that the Autolib' name was a plagiarism and unfair competition by

184-627: A municipal service to manage the 1000 electrical charging stations in Paris and the City of Paris concluded agreements with several carsharing societies: three freefloating operators and four additional ones participating to the new service Mobilib'. Construction of the Autolib' stations began in mid-2011, and 66 of the Bolloré Bluecars were deployed for a two-month preliminary trial period between October and December 2011. The system entered service on 5 December 2011, with an initial fleet of 250 Bluecars and 250 Autolib' rental stations serving

230-409: A paid subscription basis, employing a citywide network of parking and charging stations . As of 3 July 2016 , 3,980 Bluecars had been registered for the service and had more than 126,900 registered subscribers; Autolib' furthermore offered 1,084 electric car stations in Paris agglomeration with 5,935 charging points. Since beginning operations in Paris, Autolib' expanded its business to

276-499: A plastic composite ; and (4) aluminium foil current collector. The first Bluecar electric cars were delivered for the Autolib' carsharing program. Bolloré won the contract to deploy these electric cars together with 1,120 stations with parking and charging stations . A total of 66 Bluecars were deployed for the two-month trial period that began in October 2011, and service began on December 5, 2011, with 250 Bluecars available to

322-499: A power of 12 kW to charge the vehicles at the Bezons site. In addition, during their trips users can also access the 3,500 Autolib' charging stations available in Paris and its surrounding area. The carsharing service is part of Atos "Zero carbon" initiative that aims to reduce by 50% Atos carbon footprint by 2015. On October 14, 2013, a Bluecar burned down while parked and charging at an Autolib' carsharing kiosk in Paris and

368-482: A program targeted at low-income people and achieved relative success in their pilot program. In 2019, BlueLA secured US$ 3 million to expand their services within the city. In Singapore, under an agreement with Singapore's Land Transport Authority (LTA) and the Economic Development Board , the aim of introducing the electric car program was to reduce the car population and also carbon emissions in

414-506: The "recharge" fee option. The subscription cost for cars and motorcycles was €15 per year only the first year. Recharge customers had designated parking spaces at Autolib' stations, marked with a blue square. Each hour cost €1 for cars and motorcycles. Use of the charging infrastructure for private cars was limited to two times per day per subscriber. In early 2014, Renault offered free Autolib' charging subscriptions to owners of Renault EVs. Autolib' charging stations were compatible with

460-658: The 46 communes participating in the service, and by February 2013 there were 4,000 charging points. The program's user base grew from 6,000 subscribers at the end of December 2011 to 27,000 in July 2012, and reached 37,000 by early October 2012, of which 13,000 had an annual subscription. During 2012, sales of electric cars in France were led by the Bolloré Bluecar deployed for Autolib', with 1,543 units registered, representing 28% of total all-electric cars registered in

506-838: The American city of Indianapolis , Indiana , to develop an electric car-sharing service there; the service, named BlueIndy , opened to the public in September 2015. A similar service based in London was announced in 2014, and will be inaugurated in March 2015, utilising London's existing network of electric car charging points. The London system is intended to encompass 3,000 electric cars by 2018. In June 2016, Bolloré signed an agreement with Singapore's Land Transport Authority (LTA) and Economic Development Board to develop an electric car-sharing programme, known as BlueSG . Construction of

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552-635: The Autolib' system. The Bluecar retail version had a blue exterior color, unlike the Autolib' version's silver unpainted aluminum exterior. In February 2013 Bolleré announced the start of retail sales of the Bluecar, and for an optional monthly fee of €15 , owners could have access to the Autolib' network of charging stations around Paris. Atos and the Bolloré Group launched the MyCar corporate car sharing pilot program in December 2012. The service

598-536: The Bluecar EV, a road-ready prototype, at the 2005 Geneva Auto Show . The company intended to showcase the potential of the company's lithium-ion battery technology. The BlueCar concept car used a 30 kW electric motor powered by a 28 kWh lithium-ion battery pack positioned at the centre of the car under the seats and in front of the rear axle. The Pininfarina B0 (B Zero) is a concept electric car designed by Pininfarina in collaboration with Bolloré , which

644-1021: The Bolloré Group announced plans to launch a similar car-sharing service in Lyon and Bordeaux , but under a different brand name and with no cost to the cities. Bolloré's proposal was to fund the entire infrastructure, install and provide the vehicles, and cover the costs of maintenance and repairs. Bolloré furthermore expressed interest in launching a car-sharing service in Asia. In October 2013, proposals were advanced for Scootlib', an electric scooter -sharing system intended to complement Velib' and Autolib'. Bolloré's Lyon service, dubbed BlueLy, began in October 2013 with an initial fleet of 130 vehicles and 51 parking and charging stations. Its Bordeaux service, BlueCub, began operating in January 2014 with an initial fleet of 90 vehicles, 40 parking stations and 180 charging stations. In June 2013, Autolib' formed an agreement with

690-682: The US, the Bluecars were showcased to the public in Indianapolis for a public car-sharing program called BlueIndy . The carsharing service was opened to the public in September 2015. BlueIndy began with 25 charging stations and 50 all-electric Bluecars around the city at launch. The Bluecars operated by the BlueIndy service were adapted to meet American regulations from the French version. In addition,

736-418: The acquisition was finalised by October of the same year, after being in discussions since June 2020. According to Singapore's Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority , BlueSG has been in a deficit since its launch, with the company making a loss of S$ 9.3 million in 2019. While in July 2021, BlueSG's network of 1,500 charging stations was sold to TotalEnergies , which would continue to operate and maintain

782-454: The actual duration of use rounded up to the nearest minute (except for the first 20 minutes, for which there is a minimum charge). The table below summarizes the subscription types that were available, the subscription fees and the corresponding 30-minute rates: reservation In addition to charging its own vehicles, the Autolib' service offered charging services for private owners of electric cars and motorcycles . Customers had to sign up for

828-459: The batteries. As of September 2016, a total of 5,689 units had been registered in France, most of which are in service for the Autolib' program. The Bolloré Bluecar was the top selling highway-capable electric car in that country in 2012. In 2014, Bolloré entered into a 70/30 joint venture with Renault to manufacture a three-seat version of the Bluecar from the second half of 2015. The Bolloré Group, through its subsidiary BatScap, presented

874-453: The batteries. Bolloré also offers an optional package for the installation of a wall-box home charging station for €995 ( US$ 1,300) , and for an optional monthly fee of €15 ( US$ 20 ), owners can have access to the Autolib ' network of charging stations around Paris. Atos and Bolloré Group launched the MyCar corporate carsharing pilot program in December 2012. The service is dedicated to Atos employees for their business travel needs at

920-436: The cause of the fire. According to Bolloré, the real-time telemetric monitoring system did not register a thermal runaway problem with the car's battery when the fire started. The company attributed the origin of the fire to an external cause, probably vandalism. Bolloré reported that a total of 25 Autolib' Bluecars have burnt out since its inception, with most of the incidents certified as attributed to vandals. In early 2013,

966-470: The charging stations began at the end of September, 2017 and in December, 2017, the service was officially opened to the public with 30 charging stations and 80 cars located throughout the country, with plans to expand the service to offer 2,000 charging points in 500 charging locations, with 400 charging points open for public use and 1,000 electric cars deployed by 2020. In October 2016, in Turin , Italy ,

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1012-442: The charging stations. Leasing to individual and corporate customers began in October 2012 and is limited to the Île-de-France area. The Bluecar is available at a rate of €500 ( US$ 648 ) per month, with a minimum contract for 3 months and a maximum of 20 months. The pricing includes insurance, charging in the Autolib' stations and parking. The retail version shares the same design and specification but has several differences with

1058-458: The cities of Lyon and Bordeaux . Bolloré also signed deals to begin operating offshoots of Autolib' in London and Indianapolis in 2015, Turin in 2016 and Singapore in 2017. The Autolib' system was a follow-up to Paris' successful Velib' bike sharing system, which began operations in 2007. The system's electric cars were supplied by the Bolloré industrial group, as the result of

1104-511: The city of Paris and 18 surrounding communities (96 in 2016), grouped into the syndicate of associated collectivities "Autolib' Métropole". At its inception, car availability was a problematic issue, as more Parisians than expected subscribed to the service. Moreover, by early January 2012, up to 40 of the 250 cars in the initial fleet had been temporarily withdrawn from service to repair vandalism or malfunctions. By July 2012, 650 parking and charging stations had been deployed around Paris and

1150-463: The city-state. Within the first 3 weeks of operations, over 3000 members signed up for the BlueSG, with 5000 rentals completed. Autolib', BlueIndy and BlueCity ceased operations in 2018, 2019 and 2020 respectively, citing failure to achieve scalability in the respective cities that they operated in. In February 2021, Goldbell Group, a Singaporean company, announced it had acquired BlueSG from Bolloré and

1196-562: The city. Europcar is the trademark owner of the rental car subscription service "Autoliberté", which has been in operation since 2001. The case was dismissed in March 2011 by the High Court of Paris, and Europcar decided to appeal. On 30 June 2012, the Paris Court of Appeal set aside the judgment of the High Court, and ruled that within a month Autolib' had to change its name because it breached trademark laws. The ruling implied that

1242-595: The company's headquarters in Bezons , France. Atos employees can book a car on the Atos intranet, pick it up and drive away. Besides promoting a more sustainable way to travel for business, Atos also expects that the MyCar service will reduce time spent booking travel and taxis, as well as the need for expense claims for business kilometers traveled, taxis and parking. A fleet of ten Atos branded Bolloré Bluecars were initially deployed, and photovoltaic panels covering 60m provide

1288-542: The country that year. Over 2,000 Bolloré Bluecars had been registered for Autolib' by September 2013. By late September 2012, Autolib's fleet reached the milestone of 500,000 rentals since its launch, and its vehicles had been driven a cumulative total of 15,000,000 km (9,300,000 mi) by February 2013. By mid-October 2013, the service had provided over 3 million rentals, with an average of 10,000 rentals per day. By July 2014, Autolib' had 2,500 operational vehicles and over 150,000 subscribers, and its cars had covered

1334-423: The court decision on the condition that the City of Paris would be the owner of the Autolib' brand, and in exchange for free advertising for Europcar's Autoliberté service. The agreement was signed for three years. On 14 October 2013, a Bluecar was destroyed by fire while charging at an Autolib' kiosk in Paris; the fire then spread to a second Bluecar. A police investigation was subsequently conducted to ascertain

1380-442: The fire then spread to a second Bluecar. A police investigation is looking into the cause of the fire. According to Bolloré, the real-time telemetric monitoring system did not register a thermal runaway problem with the battery of the car where the fire started. The company is attributing the origin of the fire to an external cause, probably vandalism. Bolloré reported that a total of 25 Bluecars in service for Autolib' have burnt during

1426-673: The following plug-in electric vehicles: BMW i3 , Nissan Leaf , Mitsubishi i-MiEV , Opel Ampera , Renault Fluence Z.E. , Renault Kangoo Z.E. , Renault Twizy , Renault Zoe , Toyota Prius Plug-in Hybrid and all Smart ED , Peugeot iOn and Citroen C-Zero manufactured before May 2013. Bolloré began leasing the Bluecar to individual and corporate customers in October 2012 at a price of €500 ( US$ 648 ) per month. The pricing included insurance, parking and charging at Autolib' stations. According to Bolloré, each existing station already provided one recharging space for private electric cars outside

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1472-825: The models used in the U.S. have air conditioning and more airbags, also size is slightly bigger and have more weight. The U.S. models have a range of about 195 km (120 miles) and a top speed of 115 km/h (70 mph). Over 500 members signed up for annual subscriptions during the first month of operation. By the end of June 2016 there were 230 Bluecars in operation with 74 pick-up/drop off sites, each with five charging stations. The membership totaled 2,100 registered members, and never exceeded 3,000, despite $ 7 million in subsidies from Indianapolis and from Indianapolis Power & Light. In 2017, Bluecity , BlueLA and BlueSG began operations in London , Los Angeles and Singapore respectively. The service in Los Angeles started as

1518-405: The name had to be changed on all 1,800 Autolib' cars, docking stations and subscriber cards, and also required that all of the business's advertising to be rewritten. After the ruling, the City of Paris and Europcar began negotiating an agreement to solve the brand name conflict. In November 2012, an agreement was reached to keep the Autolib' brand name. Europcar agreed to waive the enforcement of

1564-542: The other in Montreal, Quebec , Canada. Bolloré is unique in integrating solid-state batteries into production vehicles. The LMP batteries consist of a laminate of four ultra-thin materials: (1) metallic lithium foil anode that acts as both a lithium source and a current collector; (2) solid polymeric electrolyte created by dissolving a lithium salt in a solvating co-polymer ( polyoxyethylene ); (3) cathode composed of vanadium oxide , carbon , and polymer to form

1610-512: The previous two years, most of them certified as attributed to vandals. Autolib%27 Autolib' was an electric car sharing service which was inaugurated in Paris , France, in December 2011. It closed on 31 July 2018. It was operated by the Bolloré industry and complemented the city's bike sharing system, Velib' , which was set up in 2007. The Autolib' service maintained a fleet of all-electric Bolloré Bluecars for public use on

1656-515: The public, and rising to 1,000 cars by early March 2012, and about 2,000 units by September 2013. By early 2013 in France, the Bolloré Group announced plans to launch a similar carsharing service in Lyon , and Bordeaux , but under a different brand name ( Bluely in Lyon and Bluecub in Bordeaux) with no cost to the cities. Bolloré's proposal is to fund the entire infrastructure, install and provide

1702-419: The rental plan. An available car could be collected for use from any rental station and returned to any other rental station. Each car had on-board GPS capabilities and could be tracked by the system's operations center. In addition to the subscription fees, Autolib' charged a variable rate for each half an hour of use, but billing for each rental was calculated on a pro rata basis, which took into account

1748-570: The same drivetrain specification. The electric car has a 30 kWh lithium metal polymer battery located under the passenger seats, coupled to a supercapacitor , that provides an electric range of 250 km (160 mi) in the city and 150 km (93 mi) on the highway at a maximum power of 50 kW. The maximum speed is 130 km/h (81 mph) and the battery weighs 300 kg (660 lb). The batteries are made in Bolloré owned facilities in two locations, one in Brittany , France and

1794-510: The service BlueTorino was activated. Now counting 130 vehicles and 54 charging stations, it's expected by the completion of the project a fleet of 330 vehicles and 80 charging stations around the city. The Autolib' Bluecar was available to anyone aged 18 or older with a valid French driving license, or a valid foreign license plus the international driving license, who took out a paid subscription. Users could choose between 2 rental packages, with 30-minute fees varying from €6 to €9 depending on

1840-723: The vehicle, as well as 0–60 km/h acceleration time of 6.3 seconds. Following the 2005 version of the Bluecar, the new Bluecar project was developed by the Pininfarina Design department, led by the Flemish designer Lowie Vermeersch , who had previously coordinated other projects such as the Pininfarina Sintesi and the Ferrari California . The car was dedicated to the memory of Andrea Pininfarina , who died two months before its unveiling and who

1886-411: The vehicles deployed for Autolib, particularly its blue exterior color, unlike the Autolib' version's silver unpainted aluminum exterior. In February 2013, Bolloré announced it was discontinuing the leasing program and began retail sales of the Bluecar starting at a price of €19,000 ( US$ 24,850 ) before the value added tax and the €7,000 government bonus , plus a monthly fee of €80 ( US$ 105 ) for

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1932-448: The vehicles, and cover the costs of maintenance and repairs. After these two schemes are implemented, the company plans to launch similar systems abroad beginning with a city in Asia. The Bluely began service in October 2013 with an initial fleet of 130 vehicles and 51 parking and charging stations. The BlueCub, began operating in January 2014 with an initial fleet of 90 vehicles, 40 parking stations and 180 charging stations. In May 2014 in

1978-478: Was a firm believer in the project. The main differences between the production Bluecar and the B0 concept car is in the detail design. The production version is launched as a three-door compared to the B0's five-door design. The photovoltaic roof was omitted and the front and rear lights and interior dashboard are simplified. A total of 399 Bluecars were registered in France in 2011, 1,543 during 2012. The Bolloré Bluecar

2024-415: Was dedicated to Atos employees for their business travel needs at the company's headquarters in the French town of Bezons . A fleet of ten Atos-branded Bolloré Bluecars were initially deployed. In addition to charging vehicles at the solar-powered Bezons site, MyCar users could also access the Autolib' network of charging stations in Paris and its surrounding area. In January 2013, a similar leasing deal

2070-447: Was introduced at the 2008 Paris Motor Show . The car incorporates a lithium metal polymer battery matched up with a supercapacitor developed by Bolloré's subsidiary Batscap in the original 2005 concept Bluecar. The energy storage component not only allows for high regenerative braking and acceleration capabilities but also extends the life of the battery. A range of 250 km and a top speed of 130 km/h have been announced for

2116-421: Was the top selling highway-capable electric car in the French market in 2012, and represented 27% of electric cars registered in the country during that year. Cumulative sales in France totaled 5,689 units by the end of September 2016, with over 2,000 units deployed in the Autolib' carsharing program. The Bluecar is a three-door hatchback electric car with four seats. Both the retail and Autolib' versions share

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