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60-492: The name is the finite form of farmer ( bonde ), so the literal meaning is the farmer . 59°25′33″N 9°39′07″E  /  59.42583°N 9.65194°E  / 59.42583; 9.65194 This article about a mountain, mountain range, or peak in Buskerud is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Buskerud Buskerud ( Urban East Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈbʉ̂skərʉː] )

120-573: A moraine through all of Vestfold, known as Vestfoldraet . Raet meets the ocean at Mølen, where the moraine sinks into the sea. Its encounter with the Skagerrak ocean waves has uncovered and polished the huge round stone floor for centuries. Besides being the largest beech tree forest in Norway , and the most northernmost beech tree forest in the world, Bøkeskogen is also an important archeological area. 83-90 burial mounds have been discovered in

180-550: A continuation of the Østfold moraine at Moss, is an ice-formed formation which stretches as a cohesive gravel ridge through the county, from Horten in the east to Mølen in the south. Færder National Park was the county's first national park when the decision was formalized by King Harald V on 23 August 2013. The visitor center is at World's End , and was officially opened by Queen Sonja on 26 June 2015. The national park lies in Nøtterøy - and Tjøme municipalities, and

240-677: A large reduction in number of municipalities. As of 1949, the county was home to 19 rural municipalities and 7 city municipalities. There were 14 municipalities as of 2016, but the number decreased to 6 as of 2024. Vestfold has the least amount of municipalities of any county in Norway. Results from parliamentary elections in Vestfold County since 1973: Bold letters represent the alliances (Leftwing Ap + SV . Centre KrF + V + Sp . Rightwing H + Frp ). M = Number of elected parliamentarians. According to Statistics Norway , Vestfold County

300-631: A man was found in the ship, long believed to be Olaf Geirstad-Alf , former king of Vestfold and half-brother of Halfdan the Black , the father of Harald Fairhair , Norway's first king. However, recent discoveries have increased uncertainty and it therefore remains unknown what chieftain was buried at Gokstad . The ship, which is the largest found in Norway, is currently located at the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo. The 23.8 metres (78 ft) ship

360-400: A nationwide municipal reform. The new county name was Vestfold og Telemark . Vestfold county was re-established on 1 January 2024, following a vote of the county council of Vestfold og Telemark on 15 February 2022 to split the newly established county into its respective counties that existed before the merger took place; Telemark and Vestfold. Vestfold is the old name of the region which

420-427: A site often used by ancient peoples to mark a burial site. Mølen , which is Norway's largest stone beach, is home to 230 cairns, which have been built over ages. Some cairns have been dated to 250 A.D. The isthmus of Mølen is home to stone piles, grave mounds, and stone settings, which are all part of a protected historic site. The last Ice Age pushed large amounts of gravel and stones ahead of it, and deposited it as

480-561: A trade centre established around year 800, making it one of Scandinavia 's earliest urban sites. The settlement was abandoned in the mid-10th century. It is located in Kaupang Bay in Viksfjord, Larvik . Archeological finds include melting pots, jewelry parts, casting moulds and casting models. Most of Kaupang remains not excavated. There are replicas of Viking homes at Kaupang today, giving insight to how homes were constructed during

540-416: Is Norway's oldest city, most likely founded in year 871. Tønsberg is home to Tønsberg Fortress , which is Scandinavia's largest ruin site. It includes ruins from Castrum Tunsbergis , Norway's largest castle in the 13th century. An outdoor music festival is held at Tønsberg Fortress every July. Ruins of a German fortress can be seen at Folehavna Fort on West Island , Sandefjord. The Vestfold Line

600-586: Is a county and a current electoral district in Eastern Norway . Located on the western shore of the Oslofjord , it borders Buskerud and Telemark counties. The county administration is located in Tønsberg , Norway's oldest city, and the largest city is Sandefjord . With the exception of the city-county of Oslo , Vestfold is the smallest county in Norway by area. Vestfold is located west of

660-453: Is a county and a current electoral district in Norway , bordering Akershus , Oslo , Innlandet , Vestland , Telemark and Vestfold . The region extends from the Oslofjord and Drammensfjorden in the southeast to Hardangervidda mountain range in the northwest. The county administration was in modern times located in Drammen . Buskerud was merged with Akershus and Østfold into

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720-637: Is a railway line that runs from Drammen , through a number of towns in Vestfold and ending in the town of Skien in Telemark . European route E18 runs through the county roughly parallel to the railway. There are two international ferry connections, both operated by Color Line . Larvik is connected to the Danish town Hirtshals , the other route is between Sandefjord and Strømstad in Sweden. Fjord Line

780-470: Is also a ferry operator between Sandefjord and Strømstad. In addition there is a domestic route connecting Horten and Moss . Sandefjord Airport Torp is one of Norway's largest airports. Only Bergen - and Oslo Airports have more international flights than Torp Airport. Despite being located 74 miles south of Oslo, Torp is sometimes called Oslo Airport Torp . It is reached with a free shuttle bus from Sandefjord Airport Station on Vestfoldbanen . Torp

840-495: Is an important industry in Vestfold, particularly in coastal communities such as Sandefjord , Tjøme and Stavern . Coastal cities also have large numbers of vacation homes. There were 534,724 hotel stays in 2015, where the purpose was vacationing for 236,895. Most international tourists were from the United Kingdom , Sweden , and Denmark . There were 781,459 stays at rental cabins or campgrounds in 2015. Consequentially,

900-472: Is believed to be the first town in Norway, although Tønsberg (which dates from ca. 900) is the oldest town in Norway still in existence. At Borre , there was a site for another chieftain. That site held chieftains for more than one hundred years prior to 813. The stone mounds at Mølen have been dated to the Viking Age . The mounds at Haugar in present-day Tønsberg 's town centre have been dated to

960-509: Is carried on in the interior. The area also includes some of the best farmland in Norway. Vestfold was until 2019 the only county in which all municipalities had declared Bokmål to be their sole official written form of the Norwegian language . From its re-establishment in 2024, Vestfold is the only county in Norway to have Bokmål as the official written form. Vestfold merged with neighboring Telemark County on 1 January 2020 as part of

1020-560: Is derived from high tech industries located in Kongsberg. Other significant income comes from the cabin areas in northern Buskerud. Buskerud's coat of arms were adopted in April 1966. It features a blue bear whose colours are symbolic of the blue colour works . The silver background of Buskerud's coat of arms represents the silver industry in Kongsberg . Vestfold#History Vestfold ( pronounced [ˈvɛ̂stfɔɫ] )

1080-459: Is home to Northern Europe's largest burial mound site from Viking Age. Vestfold is home to 21 churches dating to medieval times. It is also home to one stave church, Høyjord Stave Church in Andebu (Sandefjord). Nearby Andebu Church also has Norway's oldest parish register, dating to 1623. The city of Sandefjord proper is home to Europe's only museum dedicated to whaling, Sandefjord Museum in

1140-552: Is made up of 325 square kilometres (125 sq mi) of ocean and 15 square kilometres (5.8 sq mi) of land. It stretches from Ormøy in the north to Færder Lighthouse in the south. It is one of two marine national parks in Norway, and is made up of coast, skerries, islands and sea bed. Mølen in Larvik is home to Norway's largest stone beach and is an ancient burial site consisting of 230 cairns, some exceeding 35 metres (115 ft) in diameter. Excavations have dated

1200-520: Is named after the county. Vestfold is mentioned for the first time in a written source in 813, when Danish kings were in Vestfold to quell an uprising amongst the Fürsts . There may have been as many as six political centers in Vestfold. At that time Kaupang, which was located in Tjølling near Larvik, had been functioning for decades and had a chieftain. Kaupang , which dates from the Viking Age ,

1260-548: Is now home to Southern Actor , the only whale-catcher from the Modern Whaling Epoch still to be in its original order. The museum ship is owned by Sandefjord Whaling Museum , Europe's only museum dedicated to whaling. Sandefjord has been named the centre of the Modern Whaling Epoch , and has been nicknamed "the whaling capital of the world." Vestfold is Norway's smallest county, with

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1320-424: Is over four times larger than Vestfold County. Finnmark county is 22 times larger than Vestfold county. The county's soft soil is composed of varieties of moraine and sedimentary soils. The Ice Age left large parts of Vestfold below sea level, and the most cultivated soil can be found on the marine terraces. Marine clay and sand cover most of the lower lying country in the south-west and north. The Vestfold moraine,

1380-497: Is regional hub for low-cost carrier Norwegian , as well as low-cost carriers Ryanair and WizzAir also operate from the airport. Torp offers direct routes to over 30 international and domestic destinations, including daily flights to European cities such as London and Amsterdam . Istrehågan is an ancient burial ground which dates to the Roman Iron Age around 1500-500 BCE. It is located at Jåberg in Tjølling , on

1440-715: Is the county in Norway with the most traces from the Viking Age . Examples include the Oseberg- and Gokstad Burial Mounds . While the Oseberg Ship was discovered in Tønsberg , the Gokstad Ship was discovered in Sandefjord . The Gokstad Ship is Norway's largest preserved Viking ship. Both ships are now located at the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo. Additional burial mounds are found at Borre mound cemetery and Mølen , an UNESCO Global Geopark . Borre mound cemetery

1500-633: Is the largest burial mound site in Northern Europe . Borre mound cemetery most likely contains graves belonging to kings of the Yngling dynasty. It is mentioned in the poem Ynglingatal as the burial site of one of two kings belonging to the royal dynasty of the Ynglingas. Kaupang in Skiringssal ( Larvik ) is home to remains from the oldest Nordic town yet discovered. It was

1560-697: Is the tallest peak in the county. It is also home to 1,407 islands. Nøtterøy (60 square kilometres (23 sq mi)) is the largest island in Vestfold, while Tjøme (39 square kilometres (15 sq mi)) is the second-largest island. There is a total of 634 freshwater lakes in Vestfold, with a total area of 79 square kilometers. Large lakes include Farris , Eikeren , Goksjø , Hallevannet , Akersvannet , and others. Vestfold makes up 0.7 percent of Norway's total land area. Ten Norwegian municipalities are larger in size than Vestfold County. As an example, Kautokeino Municipality in Finnmark County

1620-713: The Hebrides . The largest settlement in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands , Grytviken , was established by Carl Anton Larsen of Sandefjord on 16 November 1904. Sandefjordian Nils Larsen 's expeditions to Antarctica in the early 20th century led to the Norwegian annexation of Bouvet Island (1927) and Peter I Island (1929). A cove on Peter I Island is named Sandefjord Cove in honor of Nils Larsen's hometown. Sandefjord Harbor

1680-469: The Netherlands was four times higher than that of Vestfold County in 1998. Sandefjord was the most populous city of Vestfold County; one in four people from Vestfold were from Sandefjord, or 25.2 percent of the county population. Traditional industries in Vestfold have included whaling and ship building . For over 50 years in the 19th century, Sandefjord and partially Tønsberg functioned as

1740-469: The Oslofjord , as the name indicates. It includes many smaller, but well-known towns in Norway, such as Holmestrand , Horten , Åsgårdstrand , Tønsberg , Sandefjord , Larvik and Stavern ; these towns run from Oslo in an almost constant belt of urban areas along the coast, ending in Grenland in neighbouring county Telemark. The river Numedalslågen runs through the county. Many islands are located at

1800-463: The Viking Age . Oseberg Mound is located in Tønsberg and is where the Oseberg Ship was discovered. The ship, which dates to 834 A.D., had a length of 22 metres (72 ft). Two female skeletons were found in the ship's burial chamber. Gulli, outside Tønsberg , was the site of an archaeological excavation during the period from 2003 to 2004, prior to asphalt being laid for constructing

1860-605: The Viking period. At Farmannshaugen in Sem there seems to have been activity at the time, while activity at Oseberghaugen and Gokstadhaugen dates from a few decades later. An English source from around 890 retells the voyage of Ottar ( Ottar fra Hålogaland ) "from the farthest North, along Norvegr via Kaupang and Hedeby to England", where Ottar places Kaupang in the land of the Dane - danenes land . Bjørn Brandlien says that "To

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1920-539: The border between Sandefjord and Larvik . The rock settings at Istrehågan resemble a ship. It is 24 metres (79 ft) long, and 9 metres (30 ft) meters broad. Archaeological excavations made in 1959-61 uncovered remains of bones, bear claws, pottery shards, a brooch, and more. At Haugen farm on the Sandefjord side is Vestfold County's largest collection of petroglyphs . At Borrehaugene near Borrre there are 9 large mounds and around 30 smaller ones. It

1980-489: The city centre. This museum also owns Southern Actor , a whale-catcher turned museum ship . Southern Actor is the only whale-catcher from the Modern Whaling Epoch still to be in its original working order. Also at Sandefjord Harbor is the Harbour Chapel ( Bryggekapellet ), which is the only floating church in Norway and most likely Europe, perhaps the only floating church in the world. The city of Tønsberg

2040-523: The coast. Vestfold is mostly dominated by lowland and is among the best agricultural areas of Norway. Winters last about three months, while pleasant summer temperatures last from May to September, with a July average high of 17 °C (63 °F). Vestfold is traditionally known for shipping and sailing. Sandefjord was formerly a headquarters for the Norwegian whaling fleet, and Horten used to be Norway's main naval port . The coastal towns of Vestfold now engage in fishing and shipbuilding. Some lumbering

2100-617: The crew on the Norwegian whaling fleet, but many were also involved in the whaling industry in other nations. As an example, the first phase of modern Australian whaling was almost entirely based on workers from Larvik. While the first whaling station in the Faroe Islands was established by Sandefjordians, Larvik played a similar role for the Shetland Islands . Tønsberg initiated much of the whaling industry in Iceland and

2160-445: The cultivation of grains. Vestfold's farming area makes up five percent of Norway's cultivated areas. However, by area, Vestfold only makes up 0.7 percent of Norway's land area. Vestfold has Norway's most expensive vacation homes. Sandefjord had Norway's most expensive vacation homes in 2012, while Tjøme had the most expensive homes as of 2010. General property values appreciated 28.3 percent between 2010 and 2015. Summer tourism

2220-538: The degree that Harald Hårfagre gathered a kingdom after the Battle of Hafrsfjord at the end of the 9th century - that especially is connected to Avaldsnes - it does not seem to have made such a great impression on Ottar". Kaupang is mentioned under the name of Skiringssal ( Kaupangen i Skiringssal ) in Ottar's tales. By the 10th century, the local kings had established themselves. The king or his ombudsman resided in

2280-494: The exception of the city-county of Oslo . It lies on the western shore of the Oslofjord . Vestfold borders with Buskerud County in the north and with Telemark County in the west. It is bordered by Skagerrak in the North Sea to both the south and east. The county has a total area of 2,157 square kilometres (833 sq mi) and has a 980 kilometres (610 mi) coastline. Vestfjellet at 634.04 metres (2,080.2 ft)

2340-935: The farm became property of the Crown at which time the farm then served as the residence of the king's bailiffs until 1668. Buskerud extended from Hurum at the Oslofjord to the Halling mountains and Hardanger . The county was conventionally divided into traditional districts. These were Hallingdal , Numedal , Ringerike , Lower Buskerud, which was originally part of Vestfold , and Western Vingulmark . Hallingdal consisted of Flå , Nes , Gol , Hemsedal , Ål and Hol . Numedal consisted of Flesberg , Rollag and Nore og Uvdal . Ringerike consisted of Hole , Krødsherad , Modum , Ringerike and Sigdal . Western Vingulmark consisted of Hurum and Røyken . Lower Buskerud consisted of Drammen , Hurum , Kongsberg , Lier , Nedre Eiker , Røyken and Øvre Eiker . The district

2400-568: The first Christian cemeteries were established. Among the artifacts discovered were a gold jewel named Berlokk , which was retrieved in a woman's grave along with two gold beads, two blue glass beads, a hairpin, ceramic, burnt bones, and two clips of bronze. Her tomb is dated to the Old Iron Age , around 0-400 A.D. Gokstad Mound in Sandefjord was where the Gokstad Ship was excavated by Nicolay Nicolaysen in 1880. The skeleton of

2460-560: The forest. Some of these include the largest burial grounds from the Pre-Roman Iron Age in Vestfold County. At least 238 kilometers of coastal hiking trails can be found in Vestfold County, from Larvik in the south to Svelvik in the north. Hiking trails are found throughout the county, including at World's End in Færder National Park . Furthermore, there is a 35 km (22 mi.) marked trail between

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2520-426: The many burial mounds and artifacts discovered at Fevang near Torp Airport in Sandefjord . Local farmers had discovered various artifacts in the 19th- and early 20th centuries. Archeologist Nicolay Nicolaysen traveled to Fevang and concluded that Fevang was home to an array of ancient burial mounds . Nicolaysen further discovered that Fevang had been an active graveyard for over 1,000 years - since year 0 A.D. until

2580-468: The middle of the 9th century until the middle of the 10th century, but their rule was strengthened there at the end of the 10th century. The Danish kings seem to have tried to control the region until the 13th century. Whaling was an important 19th century industry in coastal cities such as Larvik , Tønsberg , and Sandefjord , which was the world centre for the world's modern whaling industry. Not only did men from Vestfold County make up practically all

2640-666: The new E18 (road). There were 60 graves - 20 of those were preserved to a degree that [authorities decided] permitted examinations. "Perhaps the most spectacular [item] was a høvre " - used with a horse's harness. "There are few of those in Norway - one in Trøndelag and a gilded one found in Borre ". The artifacts are on display at the Midgard Historical Centre in Borre. 19th century archeologists were struck by

2700-514: The newly created Viken County on 1 January 2020. On 23 February 2022, the Viken County Council voted in a 49 against 38 decision to submit an application to the Norwegian government for a county demerger. Due to this, Buskerud (except the area forming the defunct municipalities of Røyken and Hurum) was re-established in 2024. The county was named after the old manor Buskerud ( Old Norse : Biskupsruð ) (Biskopsrøysa) located on

2760-547: The nickname Sommerøya ("the Summer Island"), Sandefjord is nicknamed Badebyen ("the Bathing City") due to its many beaches and former spas. Sandefjord is known for its many great beaches, and it is primarily known as a summer resort community. It first became a bathing destination when sulphur was discovered in 1837. The city gained further recognition when Sandefjord Sulfur Spa and Resort ( Kurbadet )

2820-604: The old Royal Court at Sæheim i Sem , today the Jarlsberg Estate ( Jarlsberg Hovedgård ) in Tønsberg . The farm Haugar (from Old Norse haugr meaning hill or mound) became the seat for Haugating , the Thing for Vestfold and one of Norway's most important place for the proclamation of kings. The family of Harald Fairhair , who was most likely the first king of Norway, is said to have come from this area. The Danish kings seem to have been weak in Vestfold from around

2880-432: The population increases drastically during summer months in municipalities such as Sandefjord, Tjøme, and elsewhere. The population at Tjøme goes from 4,500 to around 50,000 each summer. The population of islands such as Tjøme often quadruple during summer, while summer communities as Stavern often sees a doubling or tripling. Tjøme Island is home to nearly as many vacation homes as residential homes. While Tjøme has

2940-483: The rock piles to about 250 A.D. It was the first UNESCO Global Geopark in the Nordics when established in 2008. Mølen is one of Larvik's most popular tourist attractions. It is home to over a hundred species of rock, including Norway's national stone, Larvikite , which is named from the area. It is a crucially important seabird habitat, where over 316 species of bird have been recorded. Vestfold has experienced

3000-460: The sea, while river Begna sweeps into lake Sperillen . Buskerud was separated from Akershus as an amt of its own in 1685, but the amt was smaller than today. It then consisted of the present districts Eiker , Hallingdal , and Ringerike . The area of the present municipalities of Flesberg , Hurum , Kongsberg , Lier , Nore og Uvdal , Rollag and Røyken were transferred from Akershus amt to Buskerud amt in 1760. The name Buskeruds amt

3060-425: The town's major employers. At Modum there was also Blaafarveværket , a cobalt pigment production works ( Blue Colour Works ). Today, agriculture, lumber, wood-pulp mills and other related industries are the county's main economic activities; ample hydroelectric power is produced by the rivers Begna ( Begnaelva ) and Rands ( Randselva ) . Buskerud has also a large forested area. Substantial income

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3120-458: The towns of Stavern and Helgeroa . Mølen , Kjærrafossen and Bøkeskogen are also home to various trails. Tønsberg Barrel , an old beacon dated to Sverris saga in the Middle Ages , sits at Yxnøy on Sandefjord's East Island . West Island is home to Folehavna Fort and additional trails. Combined, the trails on Sandefjord's East- and West Islands are 45 km (28 mi.), and

3180-642: The west side of the Drammen River in Åmot , Modum municipality. The first element is the genitive case of biskup , 'bishop' (referring to the Bishop of Hamar ), the last element is ruð n 'clearing, farm'. The farm was one of the largest in Buskerud, and the original name of the farm (before it became a benefice) was probably Modum . At the time of the Reformation ( c.  1536–39 )

3240-444: The world centre for the whaling industry. However, whaling ended in the 1960s and the ship building industry has gradually reduced since the 1980s. Information technology is currently a growing industry, and the county is home to large web shops such as Komplett , MPX.no and netshop.no. 18.9 percent of the county's total area is used for agriculture, the highest percentage of any county in Norway. 70% of agricultural lands are used for

3300-520: Was buried along with numerous gifts, including weapons, jewels, a gaming board, fish-hooks, 64 shields, six beds, three smaller boats and kitchen utensils. Twelve horses, eight dogs, two goshawks and two peacocks were also discovered in the grave. Interpretive signs have been put up at the mound and Gaia , an exact replica of the Gokstad Ship, can be seen on Museum's Wharf at Sandefjord Harbor. The Old Norse word Mol translates to cairns ,

3360-639: Was changed to Buskerud fylke in 1919. The municipality of Skoger was transferred from Vestfold to Buskerud in 1964. The area Ringerike may once have been a small kingdom. During the 10th century, Norway's kings Olaf Tryggvason and Olaf Haraldsson grew up at Bønsnes in Ringerike. In the valley of Numedal , silver was mined in Kongsberg from the 17th century until discontinued in 1957. Weapons industry had been developed in Kongsberg from 1814, and various high tech industry companies now represent

3420-794: Was established in 1837. The bath was one of the most visited in Europe during the late 19th century. Vestfold's most visited tourist attractions include Borre mound cemetery , the largest burial site in Northern Europe , as well as numerous sites along the coast. Architectural sites include the villages of Åsgårdstrand , Karljohansvern in Horten , and Fredriksvern in Stavern . Other important attractions are Sandefjord Whaling Museum , Mølen Geopark in Larvik , as well as Tønsberg Fortress ( Slottsfjellet ) in Tønsberg . Largest companies in Vestfold County based on operating income in 2015: Vestfold

3480-407: Was home to 244,967 residents as of 1 January 2016. Immigrants made up 11.9 percent of the population in 2017. Most immigrants were from Poland (4,287 people), followed by Lithuania (2,794) and Iraq (1,549). Despite its small size, Vestfold had the third-highest population density in Norway. However, the population density may still have been considered low; as an example, the population density of

3540-478: Was merged from parts that belonged to Vestfold and Vingulmark . Buskerud's western part was a mountainous plateau with forested valleys and high, grassy pastures; its eastern part contains a lowland basin with many lakes and streams. Tyrifjorden and Krøderen were the biggest lakes. Numedalslågen , the third longest river in Norway, starting in Hordaland , ran through Buskerud unto Vestfold where it reached

3600-592: Was revived in modern times. Fold was the old name of the Oslofjord , and the meaning of the name Vestfold is the region west of the Fold (see also Østfold ). Before 1919, the county was called Jarlsberg og Larvik Amt . The amt was created in 1821, consisting of the two old counties of Jarlsberg and Larvik . In the Viking Age, Vestfold also referred to Eiker , Drammen , Kongsberg , Lier , now in Buskerud . Vestfold Hills on Antarctica's Sørsdal Glacier

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