Bauen is a former municipality on Lake Lucerne in the Swiss canton of Uri . On 1 January 2021 the former municipality of Bauen merged into the municipality of Seedorf .
76-488: Bauen is first mentioned in 1150 as Bawen . The municipalities of Seedorf and Bauen were the first in the canton that voluntarily decided to merge, after an amendment of the cantonal constitution allowed such mergers. The merger was planned to take place on 1 January 2021, provided it would be approved by the population of both municipalities in a referendum that was held in 2019. The referendum took place in October 2019;
152-531: A black market trade in contraceptives, smuggled in from neighbouring Thailand. In 1990, five years after the Iraq-Iran war ended, Iran saw the fastest recorded fall in fertility in world history. Revolution gave way to consumerism and westernization. With TVs and cars came condoms and birth control pills. A generation of women had been expected to produce soldiers to fight Iraq, but the next generation of women could choose to enjoy some newfound luxuries. During
228-513: A correlation between economic difficulties and fertility decline by race and ethnicity. Hispanics (particularly affected by the recession) have experienced the largest fertility decline, particularly compared to Caucasians. In 2008–2009 the birth rate declined 5.9 percent for Hispanic women, 2.4 percent for African American women and 1.6 percent for white women. The relatively large birth rate declines among Hispanics mirror their relatively large economic declines, in terms of jobs and wealth. According to
304-492: A country undergoes economic development and social change its population growth declines, with birth rates serving as an indicator. At the 1974 World Population Conference in Bucharest , Romania , women's issues gained considerable attention. Family programs were discussed, and 137 countries drafted a World Population Plan of Action. As part of the discussion, many countries accepted modern birth control methods such as
380-519: A family-coefficient of income tax ( le quotient familial ). Since the end of World War II, early family policy in France has been based on a family tradition that requires children to support multi-child family, so that a third child enables a multi-child family to benefit from family allowances and income tax exemptions. This is intended to allow families with three children to enjoy the same living standards as households without children. In particular,
456-415: A lesser degree) increased male age . Many of these factors however are not universal, and differ by region and social class. For instance, at a global level, religion is correlated with increased fertility. Reproductive health can also affect the birth rate, as untreated infections can lead to fertility problems, as can be seen in the "infertility belt" - a region that stretches across central Africa from
532-587: A lower birth rate than underdeveloped countries (see Income and fertility ). A parent's number of children strongly correlates with the number of children that each person in the next generation will eventually have. Factors generally associated with increased fertility include religiosity , intention to have children, and maternal support. Factors generally associated with decreased fertility include wealth , education, female labor participation , urban residence, intelligence , increased female age , women's rights, access to family planning services and (to
608-627: A one-son policy. In many countries, the steady decline in birth rates over the past decades can largely be attributed to the significant gains in women's freedoms, such as tackling forced marriage and child marriage , access to contraception , equal access to education, and increased socioeconomic opportunities. Women of all economic, social, religious and educational persuasions are choosing to have fewer children as they are gaining more control over their own reproductive rights . Apart from more children living into their adult years, women are often more ambitious to take up education and paid work outside
684-422: A slightly higher than average tax rate for those making SFr 80,000 and one of the lowest for those making SFr 150,000. In 2013 the average income in the municipality per tax payer was SFr 72,799 and the per person average was SFr 25,444, which is greater than the cantonal averages of SFr 67,286 but less than the per person amount of SFr 27,772. In contrast, the national tax payer average
760-400: A substitute to maternity leave. The payment known as the 'Baby Bonus' was A$ 3000 per child. This rose to A$ 5000 which was paid in 13 installments. At a time when Australia's unemployment was at a 28-year low of 5.2%, the then Treasurer Peter Costello stated there was opportunity to go lower. With a good economic outlook for Australia, Costello held the view that now was a good time to expand
836-417: A total of 1.7% of the population received social assistance. In 2011 the unemployment rate in the municipality was 0.5%. In 2015 the average cantonal, municipal and church tax rate in the municipality for a couple with two children making SFr 80,000 was 5.1% while the rate for a single person making SFr 150,000 was 11%, both of which are much lower than the average for the canton. The canton has
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#1732797471304912-579: Is SFr 82,682, while the per person average is SFr 35,825. In the 2019 Swiss federal election the most popular party was the CVP with 47.7% of the vote. The next two most popular parties were the SVP (35.0%) and the SP (16.2%). In the federal election, a total of 674 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 51.5%. The 2019 election saw a large change in the voting when compared to 2015. The percentage of
988-420: Is normally taken from a universal registration system for births; population counts from a census , and estimation through specialized demographic techniques. The birth rate (along with mortality and migration rates) is used to calculate population growth . The estimated average population may be taken as the mid-year population. When the crude death rate is subtracted from the crude birth rate (CBR),
1064-466: Is now about 0.65% of the total area. Of the agricultural land, 2 ha (4.9 acres) is used for orchards and vineyards, 133 ha (330 acres) is fields and grasslands and 146 ha (360 acres) consists of alpine grazing areas. Since 1981/84 the amount of agricultural land has decreased by 24 ha (59 acres). Over the same time period the amount of forested land has increased by 16 ha (40 acres). Rivers and lakes cover 31 ha (77 acres) in
1140-580: Is only 8.3 per thousand, lower than the UK and France. In Europe as of July 2011, Ireland's birth rate was 16.5 per 1000 (3.5 percent higher than the next-ranked country, the UK). As of 2016, Japan has the third lowest crude birth rate (i.e. not allowing for the population's age distribution) in the world, with only Saint Pierre and Miquelon and Monaco having lower crude birth rates. Japan has an unbalanced population with many elderly but few young people, and this
1216-424: Is projected to be more extreme in the future, unless there are major changes. An increasing number of Japanese people are staying unmarried: between 1980 and 2010, the percentage of the population who had never married increased from 22% to almost 30%, even as the population continued to age, and by 2035 one in four people will not marry during their childbearing years. The Japanese sociologist Masahiro Yamada coined
1292-625: Is unproductive standing water (ponds or lakes), 1.6% is unproductive flowing water (rivers), 4.2% is too rocky for vegetation, and 2.6% is other unproductive land. The village lies on the west side of the Urner lake, which is part of the bigger lake Vierwaldstättersee or the Lake of the Four Forest Cantons . Until 1956 the only way to reach the village was over steep footpaths from the neighboring communities. Because of its position on
1368-451: Is used for agricultural purposes, while 42.5% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 5.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and 34.5% is unproductive land. In the 2004/09 survey a total of 37 ha (91 acres) or about 2.4% of the total area was covered with buildings, an increase of 15 ha (37 acres) over the 1981/84 amount. Over the same time period, the amount of recreational space in the municipality increased by 5 ha (12 acres) and
1444-557: The World Health Organization , the country with the highest birth rate is Niger at 6.49 children born per woman and the country with the lowest birth rate is Taiwan, at 1.13 children born per woman. However, despite not having any official records, it can be presumed for obvious reasons (only men are allowed to be Catholic priests) that the Holy See has the lowest birth rate of any sovereign state . Compared with
1520-757: The birth control pill and the condom while opposing abortion . Population concerns, as well as the desire to include women in the discourse, were discussed; it was agreed that improvements in women's status and initiatives in defense of reproductive health and freedom, the environment, and sustainable socioeconomic development were needed. Birth rates ranging from 10 to 20 births per 1,000 are considered low, while rates from 40 to 50 births per 1,000 are considered high. There are problems associated with high birth rates, and there may be problems associated with low birth rates. High birth rates may contribute to malnutrition and starvation, stress government welfare and family programs, and more importantly store up overpopulation for
1596-414: The secondary sector and there are 3 businesses in this sector. 44 people are employed in the tertiary sector , with 7 businesses in this sector. The historical population is given in the following table: First mentioned in 1849, the flag or coat of arms shows elk horns in gold with ten red flames along the horns tips with a bigger red flame over the head, on a black background. Originally made in 1843,
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#17327974713041672-539: The 1950s (when the birth rate was 36 per thousand), as of 2011, the world birth rate has declined by 16 per thousand. As of 2017, Niger has had 49.443 births per thousand people. Japan has one of the lowest birth rates in the world with 8 per thousand people. While in Japan there are 126 million people and in Niger 21 million, both countries had around 1 million babies born in 2016. The region of Sub-Saharan Africa has
1748-723: The 1970s, the focus has been on supporting families who are vulnerable such as single parent families and the children of a poor family in order to ensure equality of opportunity. In addition, as many women began to participate in the labor market, the government introduced policies of financial support for childcare leave as well as childcare facilities. In 1994, the government expanded the parent education allowance ( l'allocation parentale d'éducation ) for women with two children to ensure freedom of choice and reduce formal unemployment in order to promote family well-being and women's labor participation. There are also: The birth rate in Germany
1824-424: The 1993 land survey, 68.3% of the total land area was heavily forested, while 0.8% is covered in small trees and shrubbery. Of the agricultural land, 1.8% is used for farming or pastures, while 10.3% is used for orchards or vine crops and 1.3% is used for alpine pastures. Of the settled areas, 2.1% is covered with buildings, 0.5% is industrial and 0.3% is transportation infrastructure. Of the unproductive areas, 0.3%
1900-478: The Decree ). These policies temporarily increased birth rates for a few years, but this was followed by a decline due to the increased use of illegal abortion . Ceaușescu's policy resulted in over 9,000 deaths of women due to illegal abortions, large numbers of children put into Romanian orphanages by parents who could not cope with raising them, street children in the 1990s (when many orphanages were closed and
1976-470: The French income taxation system is structured so that families with children receive tax breaks greater than single adults without children. This income tax imposition system is known as the family coefficient of income tax. A characteristic of the family factor is that households with a large number of children, even if they are at the same standard of living, can receive more tax exemption benefits. Since
2052-473: The Jeonse system of renting. Landlords require the renters to upfront as much as 70% of the property value as a type of security deposit, then live rent free for the duration of the contract, usually two years. At the end of the contract, the deposit is refunded 100% back to the renter. Historically, landlords have invested the security deposit and banked on rising property values. But as inflation rises higher than
2128-598: The Pew Hispanic Center revealed that Hispanics have also been the biggest losers in terms of wealth since the beginning of the recession, with Hispanic households losing 66% of their median wealth from 2005 to 2009. In comparison, black households lost 53% of their median wealth and white households lost only 16%. Other factors (such as women's labor-force participation, contraceptive technology and public policy) make it difficult to determine how much economic change affects fertility. Research suggests that much of
2204-585: The UK's Office for National Statistics (ONS) announced a 2.4 percent increase in live births in the United Kingdom in 2010. This is the highest birth rate in the UK in 40 years. However, the UK record year for births and birth rate remains 1920 (when the ONS reported over 957,000 births to a population of "around 40 million"). There has been a dramatic decline in birth rates in the U.S. between 2007 and 2020. The Great Recession appears to have contributed to
2280-514: The United Republic of Tanzania in the east to Gabon in the west, and which has a lower fertility than other African regions. Child custody laws, affecting fathers' parental rights over their children from birth until child custody ends at age 18, may have an effect on the birth rate. U.S. states strict in enforcing child support have up to 20 percent fewer unmarried births than states that are lax about getting unmarried fathers to pay,
2356-419: The adolescent birth rate continues to decline. In 2013, teenage birth rates in the U.S. were at the lowest level in U.S. history. Teen birth rates in the U.S. have decreased from 1991 through 2012 (except for an increase from 2005 to 2007). The other aberration from this otherwise-steady decline in teen birth rates is the six percent decrease in birth rates for 15- to 19-year-olds between 2008 and 2009. Despite
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2432-504: The children ended on the streets), and overcrowding in homes and schools. Ultimately, this aggressive natalist policy led to a generation who eventually led the Romanian Revolution which overthrew and executed him . In stark contrast to Ceaușescu's natalist policy was China's one child policy , in effect from 1978 to 2015, which included abuses such as forced abortions . This policy has also been deemed responsible for
2508-519: The coat of arms comes from an idea of St. Idda von Fischingen, whose church choir had the symbol of an elk with flaming horns. This goes back to around 1812 when the church was inaugurated. The oldest coat of arms still intact hangs in the old guardhouse from Bauen to see. Alberich Zwyssig , the composer of the Swiss psalm "Trittst im Morgenrot daher", was born in Bauen. A bust of him is located in front of
2584-460: The common practice of sex-selective abortion which led to an imbalanced sex ratio in the country. Given strict family size limitations and a preference for sons, girls became unwanted in China because they were considered as depriving the parents of the chance of having a son. With the progress of prenatal sex-determination technologies and induced abortion, the one-child policy gradually turned into
2660-459: The contemporary United States can possibly be ascribed to the recession, which led families to postpone having children and fewer immigrants coming to the US. The current US birth rates are not high enough to maintain the size of the U.S. population, according to The Economist . There are many factors that interact in complex ways, influencing the birth rates of a population. Developed countries have
2736-403: The decline in the early period. A 2022 study did not identify any other economic, policy, or social factor that contributed to the decline. The decline may be due to shifting life priorities of recent cohorts that go through childbearing age, as there have been "changes in preferences for having children, aspirations for life, and parenting norms." A Pew research center study found evidence of
2812-447: The decrease, U.S. teen birth rates remain higher than those in other developed nations. Racial differences affect teen birth and pregnancy rates: American Indian/Alaska Native, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic black teen pregnancy rates are more than double the non-Hispanic white teenage birth rate. States strict in enforcing child support have up to 20 percent fewer unmarried births than states that are lax about getting unmarried dads to pay,
2888-460: The different roles of men and women, and the cultural desire to have several sons. Historically, Australia has had a relatively low fertility rate, reaching a high of 3.14 births per woman in 1960. This was followed by a decline which continued until the mid-2000, when a one off cash incentive was introduced to reverse the decline. In 2004, the then Howard government introduced a non-means tested 'Maternity Payment' to parents of every newborn as
2964-449: The economic crisis in 1997; fathers abandoning their families because they could not financially support them. In addition, the abortion of female fetuses lead to a relative shortage of women, resulting in overall lowerall birthrate in the country. In August 2011, Taiwan's government announced that its birth rate declined in the previous year, despite the fact that the government implemented approaches to encourage fertility. In July 2011,
3040-410: The elders themselves. There will be fewer younger able-bodied people who may be needed to support an ageing population, if a high proportion of older people become disabled and unable to care for themselves. In the 20th century, several authoritarian governments sought either to increase or to decrease the birth rates, sometimes through forceful intervention. One of the most notorious natalist policies
3116-444: The fertility decline during an economic downturn is a postponement of childbearing, not a decision to have fewer (or no) children; people plan to "catch up" to their plans of bearing children when economic conditions improve. Younger women are more likely than older women to postpone pregnancy due to economic factors, since they have more years of fertility remaining. In July 2011, the U.S. National Institutes of Health announced that
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3192-497: The fertility rate has fallen to below one child per woman. The total fertility rate in South Korea sharply declined from 4.53 in 1970 to 2.06 in 1983, falling below the replacement level of 2.10. The low birth rate accelerated in the 2000s, with the fertility rate dropping to 1.48 in 2000, 1.23 in 2010, and reaching 0.72 in 2023. One example of Korea's economic crisis is the housing market. Tenants may choose to buy, rent, or use
3268-437: The forefront of development initiatives will lead to a decline in birth rates. In some countries, government policies have focused on reducing birth rates by improving women's rights, sexual and reproductive health . Typically, high birth rates are associated with health problems, low life expectancy , low living standards, low social status for women and low educational levels. Demographic transition theory postulates that as
3344-460: The future, and increase human damage to other species and habitats, and environmental degradation. Additional problems faced by a country with a high birth rate include educating a growing number of children, creating jobs for these children when they enter the workforce, and dealing with the environmental impact of a large population. Low birth rates may stress the government to provide adequate senior welfare systems and stress families who must support
3420-414: The highest birth rate in the world. As of 2016, Niger , Mali , Uganda , Zambia , and Burundi have the highest birth rates in the world. This is part of the fertility-income paradox , as these countries are very poor, and it may seem counter-intuitive for families there to have so many children. The inverse relationship between income and fertility has been termed a demographic-economic " paradox " by
3496-480: The home, and to live their own lives rather than just a life of reproduction and unpaid domestic work. Birth rates have fallen due to the introduction of family planning clinics and other access to contraception. In Bangladesh, one of the poorest countries in the world, women are less likely to have two children (or more) than they were before 1999, according to Australian demographer Jack Caldwell . Bangladeshi women eagerly took up contraceptives, such as condoms and
3572-491: The interest rates, property values plummeted. Recent government caps, aimed at protecting the renters from being victims of price gouging, restricted the profit the landlord can make on renewing the contract. The Korean government offers a wide range of financial incentives to parents; however, many new parents, both mother and father, refuse to take full advantage of postpartum parental leave. Some fathers fear being ridiculed for taking "mom leave" while both working parents fear
3648-474: The lake and the Föhn wind, Bauen has a very mild climate. Bauen had a population (as of 2019) of 165. As of 2007, 8.7% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of -14.1%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (99.1%), with Italian being second most common (0.4%) and Czech being third (0.4%). As of 2007 the gender distribution of
3724-445: The low levels seen in the late 1980s, after a continuous fall in the birth rate. In 1994, the total fertility rate was as low as 1.66, but perhaps due to the active family policy of the government in the mid-1990s, it has increased, and maintained an average of 2.0 from 2008 until 2015. France has embarked on a strong incentive policy based on two key measures to restore the birth rate: family benefits ( les allocations familiales ) and
3800-423: The municipality were single family homes, which is greater than the percentage in the canton (49.2%) and about the same as the percentage nationally (57.4%). Of the 377 inhabited buildings in the municipality, in 2000, about 54.9% were single family homes and 32.4% were multiple family buildings. Additionally, about 7.7% of the buildings were built before 1919, while 17.5% were built between 1991 and 2000. In 2016
3876-417: The municipality. Seedorf has a population (as of December 2020 ) of 1,876. As of 2017 , 6.4% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 7 years (2010-2017) the population has changed at a rate of 3.56%. The birth rate in the municipality, in 2017, was 10.6, while the death rate was 9.4 per thousand residents. As of 2017 , children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 27.1% of
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#17327974713043952-469: The notion that greater means would enable the production of more offspring as suggested by the influential Thomas Malthus . Afghanistan has the 11th highest birth rate in the world, and also the highest birth rate of any non-African country (as of 2016). The rapid population growth of Afghanistan is considered a problem when it prevents population stabilization and affects maternal and infant health. Reasons for large families include tradition, religion,
4028-417: The oldest son, aware of his financial obligation to feed, clothe and shelter the aging parents. As a result, in 1988 the government banned doctors from telling expectant parents the sex of the fetus. Effective 1 January 2021, abortion has been decriminalized. Divorce is another deterrent to childbirth. Although divorce has been on the rise over the last 50 years, it hit families especially hard after
4104-650: The past 30 years Turkey's fertility rate of children per woman has dropped from 4.07 to 2.08. Tunisia has dropped from 4.82 to 2.14 and Morocco from 5.4 to 2.52 children per woman. Latin America, of predominately Catholic faith, has seen the same trends of falling fertility rates. Brazilian women are having half the children compared to 25 years ago: a rate of 1.7 children per woman. The Vatican now has less influence over women in other hard-line Catholic countries. Mexico, El Salvador, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Colombia, Venezuela and Peru have all seen significant drops in fertility in
4180-584: The pill, according to a study in 1994 by the World Bank. The study proved that family planning could be carried out and accepted practically anywhere. Caldwell also believes that agricultural improvements led to the need for less labour. Children not needed to plough the fields would be of surplus and require some education, so in turn, families become smaller and women are able to work and have greater ambitions. Other examples of non-coercive family planning policies are Ethiopia, Thailand and Indonesia. Myanmar
4256-436: The population of both Seedorf and Bauen voted in favor of the merger with 80% and 69% respectively. The merger took place on 1 January 2021. Bauen had an area, as of 2006, of 3.8 km (1.5 sq mi). Of this area, 13.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while 74.9% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 2.9% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (8.7%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains). In
4332-441: The population was 48.7% male and 51.3% female. In Bauen about 75.6% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). Bauen has an unemployment rate of 0.76%. As of 2005, there were 16 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 8 businesses involved in this sector. 7 people are employed in
4408-467: The population, while adults (20–64 years old) are 58.0% of the population and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 14.9%. In 2015 there were 781 single residents, 885 people who were married or in a civil partnership, 65 widows or widowers and 76 divorced residents. In 2017 there were 678 private households in Seedorf with an average household size of 2.64 persons. In 2015 about 58.7% of all buildings in
4484-432: The population, with his famous quote that every family should have three children "one for mum, one for dad and one for the country". Australia's fertility rate reached a peak of 1.95 children per woman in 2010, a 30-year high, although still below replacement rate . Phil Ruthven of the business information firm IBISWorld believes the spike in fertility was more about timing and less about monetary incentives. Generation X
4560-421: The rate of construction of new housing units per 1000 residents was 1.66. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2018 , was 1.8%. The historical population is given in the following chart: The Benedictine nuns convent of St. Lazarus and Apro Castle are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance . Seedorf was classed in the 2000 census as a semi-tourism focused municipality and in 2012
4636-489: The researchers found. Moreover, according to the results, if all 50 states in the United States had done at least as well in their enforcement efforts as the state ranked fifth from the top, that would have led to a 20 percent reduction in out-of-wedlock births. The United States population growth is at a historical low level as the United States current birth rates are the lowest ever recorded. The low birth rates in
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#17327974713044712-399: The result is the rate of natural increase (RNI). This is equal to the rate of population change (excluding migration). The total (crude) birth rate (which includes all births)—typically indicated as births per 1,000 population—is distinguished from a set of age-specific rates (the number of births per 1,000 persons, or more usually 1,000 females, in each age group). The first known use of
4788-509: The same period, all going from over six to less than three children per woman. Forty percent of married Brazilian women are choosing to get sterilised after having children, but this may be because it only requires confession on one occasion . Some observers claim this to be a triumph of modern Western values of freedom for women against states with Catholic values. According to the CIA's The World Factbook , who presumably get their figures from
4864-439: The statistics using the data from National Centre for Health Statistics and U.S. Census Bureau, from 2007 to 2008, the employment rate among Hispanics declined by 1.6 percentage points, compared with declines of 0.7 points for whites. The unemployment rate shows a similar pattern—unemployment among Hispanics increased 2.0 percentage points from 2007 to 2008, while for whites the increase was 0.9 percentage points. A recent report from
4940-499: The stigma of "falling behind" in their professional careers. The South Korean corporate world is very unsympathetic to family needs. Abortion and divorce are other contributing factors for Korea's low birth rate. In the twentieth century, due mainly to Confucian beliefs and a strong desire to sire a son, female fetuses were being aborted. This strong desire to have a son as a first child has somewhat of an oxymoron effect on today's low birth rate, as many women will not want to marry
5016-513: The term " parasite singles " for unmarried adults in their late 20s and 30s who continue to live with their parents. Since joining the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD) in 1996, South Korea's fertility rate has been on the decline. It recorded the lowest fertility rate among OECD countries in 2017, with just 1.1 children per woman being born. Subsequent studies indicate that Korea has broken its own record and that
5092-601: The term "birth rate" in English was in 1856. The average global birth rate was 17 births per 1,000 total population in 2024. The death rate was 7.9 per 1,000. The RNI was thus 0.91 percent. In 2012, the average global birth rate was 19.611 per 1,000 according to the World Bank and 19.15 births per 1,000 total population according to the CIA, compared to 20.09 per 1,000 total population in 2007. The 2024 average of 17 births per 1,000 total population equates to approximately 4.3 births per second or about 260 births per minute for
5168-500: The village church. Seedorf, Uri Seedorf is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland . On 1 January 2021 the former municipality of Bauen merged into the municipality of Seedorf. The municipality was first mentioned in 1254 as Sedorf . Bauen is first mentioned in 1150 as Bawen . Seedorf has an area, (as of the 2004/09 survey) of 19.28 km (7.44 sq mi). Of this area, about 17.3%
5244-563: The vote received by the CVP increased sharply from 24.3% in 2015 to 47.7% in 2019 and the SP increased from 0.0% to 16.2%, while the percentage that the SVP received dropped from 46.9% to 35.0%. Birth rate Birth rate , also known as natality , is the total number of live human births per 1,000 population for a given period divided by the length of the period in years. The number of live births
5320-408: The war, the women of Iran averaged about 8 children each, a ratio the hard-line Islamic President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad wanted to revive. As of 2010, the birth rate of Iran is 1.7 babies per woman. Some observers claim this to be a triumph of Western values of freedom for women against states with Islamic values . Islamic clerics are also having less influence over women in other Muslim countries. In
5396-436: The world. On average, two people in the world die every second or about 121 per minute. The birth rate is an issue of concern and policy for national governments. Some (including those of Italy and Malaysia ) seek to increase the birth rate with financial incentives or provision of support services to new mothers. Conversely, other countries have policies to reduce the birth rate (for example, China's one-child policy which
5472-467: Was classed as a medium-density industry focused peri-urban municipality. The municipality is part of the agglomeration of Altdorf (UR). As of 2016 , there were a total of 631 people employed in the municipality. Of these, a total of 28 people worked in 13 businesses in the primary economic sector . The secondary sector employed 304 workers in 28 separate businesses. Finally, the tertiary sector provided 299 jobs in 67 businesses. In 2017
5548-506: Was controlled until 2011 by an austere military junta, intent on controlling every aspect of people's lives. The generals wanted the country's population doubled. In their view, women's job was to produce babies to power the country's labour force, so family planning was vehemently opposed. The women of Burma opposed this policy, and Peter McDonald of the Australian National University argues that this gave rise to
5624-420: Was in effect from 1978 to 2015). Policies to increase the crude birth rate are known as pro-natalist policies, and policies to reduce the crude birth rate are known as anti-natalist policies. Non-coercive measures such as improved information on birth control and its availability have achieved good results in countries such as Iran and Bangladesh . There has also been discussion on whether bringing women into
5700-480: Was now aged 25 to 45 years old. With numerous women putting pregnancies off for a few years for the sake of a career, many felt the years closing in and their biological clocks ticking. On 1 March 2014, the baby bonus was replaced with Family Tax Benefit A. By then the baby bonus had left its legacy on Australia. In 2016, Australia's fertility rate has only decreased slightly to 1.91 children per woman. France has been successful in increasing fertility rates from
5776-432: Was that in communist Romania in 1967–1990, during the time of communist leader Nicolae Ceaușescu , who adopted a very aggressive natalist policy which included outlawing abortion and contraception, routine pregnancy tests for women, taxes on childlessness , and legal discrimination against childless people. This policy has been depicted in movies and documentaries (such as 4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days , and Children of
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