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80-532: The Bayshore Blufflands Preserve is located on the western shore of the Door Peninsula approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Carlsville and 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Sturgeon Bay . There are parking areas at the east and west end of the property, and trails provide access into and through the site. Rising 150-200 feet (45-60 m) above the low terrace of Green Bay , the steep carbonate cliffs and outcrops support numerous rare land snails including

160-401: A diamond interchange and continues north for Ozaukee County. In Ozaukee County, WIS 57 turns right onto WIS 167 and approaching I-43 while WIS 167 ends at the interchange. For the next 12 miles, WIS 57 will run concurrent with I-43 before departing the freeway northwest of Port Washington , where the road runs on a nearly straight line for 31.5 miles (50.7 km). This

240-652: A first step toward compensation. The 1907 "Wooster" roll, named after the clerk who compiled it, documented 457 Potawatomi living in Wisconsin and Michigan and 1423 in Ontario. Instead of returning the land, a meager monthly payment was issued. Although Kahquados was unsuccessful, he increased public awareness of Potawatomi history. In 1931, 15,000 people attended his burial in Peninsula State Park. In 1818, Michilimackinac and Brown counties were formed by

320-636: A passing boat. From the 1840s to the 1880s, the Clark brothers operated a fishing camp at Whitefish Bay that employed 30 to 40 fishermen. Additionally, 200–300 Potawatomi extracted fish oil from the fish waste at the camp. The Menominee ceded their claim to the Door Peninsula to the United States in the 1831 Treaty of Washington . As a result of this treaty, settlers could purchase land, but many fishermen still chose to live as squatters. At

400-661: A speed limit of 70 mph (110 km/h) but then slows down to 65 mph (105 km/h). Continuing north-northeast on Sturgeon Bay Road, WIS 57 intersects several county highways and crosses under CTH-S/DK in Dyckesville before entering Kewaunee County. Like in Manitowoc County, WIS 57 leaves Kewaunee County shortly and enters Door County. While heading towards Sturgeon Bay, WIS 57 intersects with CTH-C. It continues to WIS 42 , which connects Sturgeon Bay with Manitowoc. Picking up WIS 42,

480-666: A village of Potawatomi in what is now Robert La Salle County Park. During the 1670s Louis André ministered to about 500 Native Americans at Rowleys Bay , where he erected a cross. The cross stood until about 1870. Around 1690, Nicolas Perrot visited the Potawatomi on Washington Island. In 1720, Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix visited the area with eight experienced voyageurs . Six Jesuit rings marked with letters or symbols and turquoise colored glass trade beads were found on Rock Island in remains left by Potowatomi, Odawa , and Huron - Peton -Odawa Native Americans during

560-468: A workshop area for producing stone tools and possibly also as a very brief campsite. Both sites were occupied multiple times by Paleo-Indians. A microwear analysis of the scraping tools found at the Boss Tavern site found that the tools had been used for butchering, skinning, and working with dry hides, and for scraping and smoothing wood. One scraping tool resembled an adze and was used to support

640-550: Is also one of two concurrencies with WIS 32 , the other being along the stretch between Millhome and De Pere . WIS 57 then transitions into an expressway, passing by Fredonia , Random Lake , Adell , and Waldo in Ozaukee and Sheboygan Counties. WIS 57 transitions back into a rural two lane highway north of WIS 23 in Plymouth and continues in its form until where its meet up with WIS 32 just north of

720-502: Is cosigned as a business route of both WIS 42 and WIS 57 because it splits off of the concurrency of the two highways at both of its ends. Like most auxiliary state highways in Wisconsin, Bus. WIS /Bus. WIS 57 is locally maintained. Bus. WIS /Bus. WIS 57 crossed Sturgeon Bay via the Michigan Street Bridge , a historic drawbridge near downtown Sturgeon Bay, until September 2008. This bridge

800-617: Is maintained by the Wisconsin Department of Transportation (WisDOT). WIS 57 serves as a major highway in eastern Wisconsin, and it was originally designed to connect the major cities of Milwaukee and Green Bay as well as several other large cities along its corridor. The state of Wisconsin proposed that the WIS ;57 route become an Interstate Highway corridor when the Interstate Highway System

880-544: Is the first state highway to be crossed by WIS 32/57 in Brown County, connecting to Appleton and Wrightstown to the west while hooking to I-43 in Denmark to the east. WIS 32/57 enters De Pere from the south and crosses over an incomplete interchange with County Highway PP and regaining two lanes in each direction. Entering the downtown district, WIS 32 leaves WIS 57 for Pulaski and eventually at

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960-535: Is thought to begin south of the mouth of the Oconto River on the west side. It changes direction at Pensaukee , north of Long Tail Point and continues northward to Sturgeon Bay. The position of Long Tail Point marks the east-west division between the two masses of water. Walleye found in the Sturgeon Bay and Little Sturgeon area had 87% more PCBs than walleye from the western side of Green Bay at

1040-619: The Cardy Site , which primarily used Moline chert from Illinois, and the group at the Salisbury Steak site, which used chert and sandstone from a variety of sources. One possible explanation for why the two sites in the town of Union featured more local stone material than the Cardy site could be from their occupants using different travel routes. The Niagara Escarpment was a local source of material to make stone tools, and because

1120-557: The Door - Kewaunee county line, opened on December 1, 2006. The entire project was completed on October 6, 2008, when the last 11-mile (18 km) section near Sturgeon Bay was officially opened. Business State Trunk Highway 57 ( Bus. WIS 57 ) in Sturgeon Bay , which runs concurrently with Bus. WIS 42, is 3.55 miles (5.71 km) long and connects to downtown Sturgeon Bay, which WIS 42 and WIS 57 bypass. It

1200-512: The Door Peninsula in 1930, reaching its present-day terminus in Sister Bay. This routing from Milwaukee to Sister Bay stayed mostly the same until the 1990s, with a few minor exceptions. WIS 57 was rerouted onto its current alignment between Hilbert and Askeaton in 1932, replacing a former routing to Hollandtown ; the original routing was replaced by county roads. The highway was also realigned between Plymouth and Kiel in 1956, and

1280-695: The East River , WIS 54/57 turns eastward for I-43 and becomes a freeway after crossing under the latter while carrying the Lake Michigan Circle Tour . From I-43 to Dyckesville , WIS 57 carries the designation as Sturgeon Bay Road and sometimes referred to as the Sturgeon Bay Freeway . Including the interchange with I-43, WIS 54 departs from WIS 57 at the fourth interchange and heads east for Algoma and Luxemburg . WIS 57 from I-43 to WIS 54 has

1360-572: The Lake Michigan side. In 1994 the state record Chinook was taken; it weighed 44 pounds, 15 ounces, and was 47.5 inches long. In 2016 the Wisconsin state record for pinook (a hybrid of the pink and Chinook salmons) was set at a weight of 9 pounds, 1.6 ounces, and 27.87 inches. In 2018, Kewaunee County ranked first in the state with 26,557 Chinook salmon caught. Door County ranked second with 14,268 fish caught. Round gobies eat mussels off

1440-697: The 17th and 18th centuries. The remains of four Native American buildings were documented at the Rock Island II Site during 1969–1973 excavations. By the end of French rule over the area in 1763, the Potawatomi had begun a move to the Detroit area, leaving the large communities in Wisconsin. Later, some Potawatomi moved back from Michigan to northern Wisconsin. Some but not all Potawatomi later left northern Wisconsin for northern Indiana and central Illinois. In 1815, Captain Talbot Chambers

1520-847: The 1960s. Wisconsin Highway 57 Wisconsin Highway 57 (often called Highway 57 , STH-57 or WIS 57 ) is a 191.82-mile-long (308.70 km) state highway in Wisconsin , United States. It runs from its southern terminus at WIS 59 in Milwaukee to its northern terminus at WIS 42 in Sister Bay . Much of WIS 57 parallels Interstate 43 (I-43) and WIS 42 , particularly from Saukville to its northern terminus in Sister Bay. The highway runs concurrently with I-43 for 12 miles (19 km) in Ozaukee County . Like most Wisconsin state highways, WIS 57

1600-462: The 19th century, various Native Americans occupied the Door Peninsula and nearby islands. 17th-century French explorers made contact with various tribes in the area. In 1634, the Jean Nicolet expedition landed at Rock Island . This is considered the first visit by a European to what is now Wisconsin. There are competing claims to the landing site of French explorer Jean Nicolet in 1634, who

1680-721: The Bayshore Blufflands are owned by the Door County Land Trust. Door Peninsula The Door Peninsula is a peninsula in eastern Wisconsin , separating the southern part of the Green Bay from Lake Michigan . The peninsula includes northern Kewaunee County , northeastern Brown County , and the mainland portion of Door County . It is on the western side of the Niagara Escarpment . Well known for its cherry and apple orchards,

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1760-596: The Door Peninsula and Washington Island , connecting the bay to the rest of Lake Michigan. It was named by the Native Americans and translated into French as Porte des Morts : in English, "Death's Door". The earliest known written reference to this comes from a 1728 mention of "Cap a la Mort" ("Cape of Death") in French. The Menominee name for the peninsula was "Kenatao", meaning "cape". Before and during

1840-602: The Door Peninsula is a popular tourism destination. With the 1881 completion of the Sturgeon Bay Ship Canal , the northern half of the peninsula became an island. Limestone outcroppings of the Niagara Escarpment are visible on both shores of the peninsula, but are larger and more prominent on the Green Bay side as seen at the Bayshore Blufflands . Progressions of dunes have created much of

1920-464: The Door Peninsula were mapped in 1978. Lake whitefish spawn in Moonlight Bay. From 1962 to 1965, 39 smallmouth bass nests were observed in a variety of county waters. Water depth varied from 17 inches to at least five feet and possibly deeper. 27 of the nests were made on gravel or rubble, 8 were made on sand, and 4 were made on bedrock with overlaying gravel. Adult fish were observed on 14 of

2000-464: The Door Peninsula. Fall runs are often limited by tributary flow. When low flow prevents runs into streams, spawning occurs along rocky lakeshores. Adults often lay eggs around docks and harbors along the peninsula, and most bays in the area have populations of brown trout. Beginning in 1964, first coho and then Chinook salmon were stocked in Lake Michigan. New Chinook fingerling stocking in

2080-593: The Lake Michigan side or near Washington Island. In 2021, an outbreak of Largemouth Bass Virus among smallmouth bass occurred in county waters on the Green Bay side. From 2007–2010, two smallmouth bass within Sturgeon Bay were found to be infected with viral hemorrhagic septicemia . Each of the two bass were infected with a different variant. Both variants have only been found in the upper, but not middle or lower Great Lakes. Remains of sturgeon , catfish, sucker, smallmouth bass, white bass , walleye, and drum left behind by Native Americans were found near North Bay in

2160-684: The Michigan state line in Land O' Lakes with U.S. 45 167 miles north-northwest. WIS 57 then straddles closer towards the Fox River and passes under WIS 172 in Allouez before entering Green Bay as Monroe Avenue. While in Green Bay, WIS 57 is joined by WIS 54 and briefly by WIS 29 . Getting closer into the core, WIS 29/54/57 intersect with U.S. 141 while WIS 29 heads east along with U.S. 141 for I-43. After crossing

2240-494: The Michigan territorial legislature. The border between the two ran through the peninsula at Sturgeon Bay. What is now the southern part of Door County was in Brown County, while the northern part was in Michilimackinac County. In 1836, the northern part of Door County was taken from Michilimackinac County and added to Brown County as part of an overall border adjustment limiting Michilimackinac to areas within

2320-466: The Sheboygan–Manitowoc county line. Entering Manitowoc County, WIS 32/57 expands back into an expressway all the way until Kiel . WIS 67 intersects with WIS 32/57 and provides access to Kettle Moraine and Manitowoc (via U.S. 151 ) at WIS 67's northern terminus. Zigzagging through Kiel, WIS 32 and 57 enter Calumet County and passes by New Holstein before entering

2400-704: The Wisconsin Potowatomi with less than what was paid to Potowatomi from the Chicago area. Although not all Potawatomi participated in the Treaty of Chicago, it was federal policy that any who did not relocate westward as the treaty stipulated would not be compensated for their land. Additionally, some preferred the climate of the Great Lakes area over that of the Plains, and American governmental policy for

2480-582: The Wisconsin State Highway system was laid out in 1918, WIS 57 ran from Racine north to Milwaukee along a route that later became U.S. Highway 41 (US 41) and is now WIS 241 . By 1921, WIS 57 had been significantly expanded. It was extended northward from Milwaukee to Green Bay along what is generally its present-day route and southward from Racine to the Illinois state line. WIS 57 grew even more in 1923, when

Bayshore Blufflands State Natural Area - Misplaced Pages Continue

2560-410: The area beginning in 1837 tended towards forced rather than voluntary Indian removal. Moving to Canada became a way to stay in the Great Lakes area without risking removal. Potawatomi leader Simon Kahquados traveled to Washington, D.C. multiple times in an attempt to get the land back. In 1906, Congress passed a law to establish a census of all Potawatomi formerly living in Wisconsin and Michigan as

2640-515: The bluffs of the escarpment stretch across the western side of the peninsula, Paleo-Indians traveling on the Green Bay side would have come across it. It has been suggested that those living at the Cardy Site may have instead traveled on the east side of the peninsula away from the bluffs. They could have arrived at the Cardy Site from an area to the east of Lake Winnebago where other Moline chert artifacts have been found. The Salisbury Steak site

2720-448: The cherrystone drop snail ( Hendersonia occulta ), a state-threatened species. Aspen , sugar maple , red oak , hemlock , and white cedar grow out of the talus affording complete shade to the escarpment maintaining the cool and damp conditions, which support a lush growth of mosses. The unique site conditions also support such uncommon species as climbing fumitory, mountain maple, bulblet fern, common polypody, and fragile fern. Above

2800-581: The county seat, Chilton . While in Chilton, the two routes connect with U.S. 151 which the latter provides access towards Manitowoc and Sturgeon Bay along the scenic Schooner Coast . Before exiting Calumet County, WIS 32/57 would intersect with WIS 114 and U.S. 10 in Hilbert and Forest Junction respectively. U.S. 10 connects WIS 32/57 with Appleton and Manitowoc, while WIS 114 leads drivers towards Lake Winnebago . WIS 96

2880-629: The court mistakenly appeared to award islands north of Rock Island in Delta County to Wisconsin (and by extension to Door County). Door County never assumed jurisdiction over these Michigan islands, and the matter was fixed again before the Supreme Court in the 1936 Wisconsin v. Michigan decision, which left governance of the islands in Door and Delta counties as they had been before the litigation. The more tourism-dominated northern part of

2960-472: The delightfullest lake of the world. I tooke notice of their Cottages & of the journeys of our navigation, for because that the country was so pleasant, so beautiful & fruitfull that it grieved me to see that the world could not discover such inticing countrys to live in. This I say because that the Europeans fight for a rock in the sea against one another, or for a sterill land and horrid country, that

3040-766: The escarpment are seasonally flooded forests dominated by silver maple, and green ash with swamp white oak, American bladdernut, and great water-leaf. The site contains many rare plants including dwarf lake iris ( Iris lacustris ). Other noteworthy species within the SNA are variegated horsetail ( Equisetum variegatum ), Hooker's orchid ( Platanthera hookeri ), long-spurred violet ( Viola rostrata ), and large-flowered ground-cherry ( Leucophysalis grandiflora ). Rare animals include red-shouldered hawk ( Buteo lineatus ), Midwest Pleistocene vertigo ( Vertigo hubrichti ), Iowa Pleistocene vertigo ( V. iowaensis ) and Four-toed salamander ( Hemidactylium scutatum ). Significant portions of

3120-481: The escarpment is a dry-mesic forest of red and white pine with red oak. The ground layer is dominated by round-leaved dogwood with northern bush honeysuckle, zig-zag goldenrod, big-leaved aster, and bracken fern. The site slowly grades into a richer, more mesic forest containing sugar maple, beech, and red oak with hemlock, and white pine. Also present is a wet-mesic forest of white cedar, big-tooth aspen, and black ash. Several white cedars reach impressive sizes here. Below

3200-538: The far north. As of 2007, seven Clovis points have been found in Door County, and four Gainey points were found at the Cardy Site. The relationship between Gainey points and the more ubiquitous Clovis points is being researched, but there are some similarities. Careful study of certain Paleo-Indian artifacts from western Wisconsin suggests that they were made in the Door Peninsula and carried across

3280-422: The former route became part of WIS 67 . When the federal government was planning the Interstate Highway System in the 1950s, Wisconsin proposed that the WIS 57 corridor become the route of an Interstate Highway. The state wanted an Interstate to connect Milwaukee and Green Bay, two of Wisconsin's largest cities. Their plan chose the WIS 57 route over the nearby US 41 and US 141 corridors;

Bayshore Blufflands State Natural Area - Misplaced Pages Continue

3360-463: The glaciers. Small obsequent streams flow from near the crest of the escarpment into Green Bay, and small resequent streams flow down the longer slope into Lake Michigan. The Kewaunee River , the Ahnapee River , Lilly Bay Creek and streams in the towns of Forestville and Clay Banks are all resequent streams. Spawning areas and other fish habitat areas adjacent to the islands north of

3440-451: The highway the nickname "Bloody Route 57" among locals. The results of extensive archeological excavations made in connection with the project are detailed along with a discussion of the highway expansion in informational kiosks at the CTH-C park and ride lot in Door County and at Wequiock Falls in Brown County. The project began in 1999 when the interchange between WIS 54 and WIS 57

3520-439: The hole rather than a sudden collapse. Some are regularly filled by tilling or natural erosion, only to subside more due to meltwater or heavy rain. Many caves are found in the escarpment. One of them, Horseshoe Bay Cave , is Wisconsin's second-longest and contains a 45-foot-high underground waterfall. Horseshoe Bay Cave is home to rare invertebrates . Several tiny caves at Peninsula State Park are open and accessible to

3600-519: The hypothesis that Paleo-Indians built watercraft. A layer of sand was found at the Boss Tavern site, indicating it was a beach when lake levels were higher than they are today. The tools and waste chips at the Heyrman I site suggest that the Paleo-Indians there may have been less mobile than those who resided at the Boss Tavern site. Additionally, they appear less mobile the Paleo-Indians at

3680-499: The larks will fall in their mouths roasted; but we ought [to remember] that vertue is not acquired without labour & taking great paines. In 1669, Claude-Jean Allouez also wintered with the Potawatomi . He mentioned an area called "la Portage des Eturgeons." In 1673, Jacques Marquette and Louis Jolliet stayed in the area about three months as part of their exploration. In 1679, the party led by La Salle purchased food from

3760-525: The love of God in converting the souls heere, is more to be gained to heaven then what is by differences of nothing there, should not be so many dangers committed under the pretence of religion! Why so many thoesoever are hid from us by our owne faults, by our negligence, covetousnesse, & unbeliefe. It's true, I confesse, that the accesse is difficult, but must say that we are like the Cockscombs of Paris, when first they begin to have wings, imagining that

3840-507: The main channel of Green Bay correctly. In particular, some once incorrectly considered Green Island in what is now the town of Peshtigo in Marinette County to be in the town of Egg Harbor in Door County. In 1923, Michigan claimed ownership of Plum , Detroit , Washington , Hog , and Rock islands in Door County, although it did not take possession of them. In 1926, the Supreme Court dismissed Michigan's claim. In doing so,

3920-514: The mouth of the Oconto River . This fits what is known about the distribution of PCBs which spread from industries in the Fox River Valley. Dry valleys are in the western and central areas of the peninsula. Some carry water during the spring snow melt to a larger drainage or stream, but several have been found which appear unrelated to current drainage patterns. They may have been formed from melting glaciers or drainage patterns prior to

4000-474: The nests and eggs were seen in 19 of the nests. During part of the study carp were seen stirring up the water in Little Sturgeon Bay. This kept the water extremely turbid during the entire smallmouth bass spawning period which prevented any smallmouth eggs from hatching. Brown trout were first planted in the Wisconsin side of Lake Michigan in 1966. They now spawn in Lake Michigan tributaries on

4080-477: The peninsula was acculturated from the professional and business classes of the tourists, while the more agriculture-dominated southern remained more rural in character. Due to economic, ethnic, and cultural differences between the northern and southern parts of the present-day Door County, arguments are sometimes started about the most appropriate place to draw the Door–Kewaunee line. A pit cave containing

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4160-513: The people sent heere or there by the changement of the aire ingenders sicknesse and dies thereof. Contrarywise those kingdoms are so delicious & under so temperat a climat, plentifull of all things, the earth bringing foorth its fruit twice a yeare, the people live long & lusty & wise in their way. What conquest would that bee att litle or no cost; what laborinth of pleasure should millions of people have, instead that millions complaine of misery & poverty! What should not men reape out of

4240-409: The plentiful waters off the peninsula. On five occasions from May through June 2017, researchers attempted to catch larval fish at the mouth of Sugar Creek using traps with green glowsticks as lures. They only caught white suckers , with the traps catching the most suckers per hour from May 15–22. Smallmouth bass in county waters off the Green Bay side have been found to migrate more than those off

4320-441: The public. Eagle Cave is larger but opens midway up the scarp face. Only one cave not formed by karst or lakeshore erosion has been discovered in Door County. It opens in the basement of a nursing home in Sturgeon Bay. Sturgeon Bay and Little Sturgeon are considered biodiversity hotspots because they support a large number of different fish species. North of the peninsula, warm water from Green Bay flows into Lake Michigan on

4400-589: The rest of the shoreline, especially on the east side. Flora along the shore demonstrate plant succession during periods of low lake levels. The middle of the peninsula is mostly flat. Beyond the peninsula's northern tip is a series of islands, the largest of which is Washington Island . The partially submerged ridge extends farther north, becoming the Garden Peninsula in Michigan's Upper Peninsula . Paleo-Indian artifacts have been found at two sites in

4480-516: The road name becomes 27th Street. Continuing north of I-94 for eight blocks, WIS 57 turns east onto US 18 (Highland Avenue) before turning north eight blocks later while US 18 parts south towards Marquette University . For almost a mile, WIS 57 heads towards WIS 145 only to turn a block north towards WIS 190 . Moving eastward again on WIS 190, WIS 57 heads for I-43 before turning northwestwardly onto Green Bay Road. In Brown Deer , WIS 57 crosses over WIS 100 at

4560-513: The road narrows back down to one primary lane in each direction for the last time. While WIS 42 heads north for Egg Harbor , Fish Creek and Ephraim , WIS 57 turns east for Jacksonport and Baileys Harbor . Before entering Jacksonport, WIS 57 passes through the twin unincorporated communities of Institute and Valmy . WIS 57 then comes close along the Lake Michigan shoreline before entering Baileys Harbor and returning inland for Sister Bay where it ends at WIS 42. When

4640-431: The road. This realignment signed the highway along WIS 167 and I-43 to avoid entering the downtown areas of Mequon , Thiensville , Grafton and Cedarburg . WIS 57's former routing became extensions of County Trunk Highway W (CTH-W). This realignment plan also turned WIS 143 over to the county and extended WIS 181 northward from WIS 167 to WIS 60 . A WisDOT project rebuilt and widened

4720-402: The rocky shoreline, and in turn are eaten by lake trout, smallmouth bass, burbot, walleye, lake whitefish, and yellow perch. In 2014 the state speargun record for the invasive round goby was taken by out of Door County waters on the Lake Michigan side. It weighed 5.0 ounces and was 8.25 inches long. Tagging studies have shown whitefish migrating from Big Bay de Noc which has less food to

4800-509: The same time, the more decentralized Potawatomi were divested of their land without compensation. Some Potawatomi as late as 1845 made sure to visit and gamble with the Menominee shortly after the periodic annuity payments were issued. Many emigrated to Canada because of multiple factors. One factor was invitations from Native Americans already in Canada for the Potawatomi to join them. Another

4880-455: The skeletal remains of both present-day and pre-Columbian animals opens at the southern base of Brussels Hill . It is the deepest known pit cave and the fourth-longest known cave of any sort in Wisconsin. It was discovered by excavating three sinkholes in an extensive project. Hundreds of sinkholes in Door County have been found and marked on an electronic map. Most sinkholes on the peninsula are formed by gradual subsidence of material into

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4960-466: The soon-to-be-reduced Michigan Territory . When Door County was separated off from Brown County in 1851, it included what is now Kewaunee County. Kewaunee County was separated off of Door County in 1852. Although the Door– Marinette county lines within the Wisconsin part of Green Bay were assigned to the "center of the main channel of Green Bay," not all maps drew the positions of the islands and

5040-784: The spring and egg and milt collection from late September to early November primarily takes place at the Strawberry Creek Chinook Facility in southern Door County. The facility is a public attraction during stocking and collection times. In recent years there has been concern that the alewife population will not support the salmon population, especially as the Chinook population has already collapsed in Lake Huron. Chinook salmon are sought after by tourists enjoying chartered fishing trips . Several state record salmon have been caught out of Door County waters on

5120-530: The state did not want the Interstate's route to favor either the port cities of Manitowoc and Sheboygan or the inland cities of Appleton , Fond du Lac and Oshkosh . Wisconsin wanted to designate the highway as I-57 to preserve the highway's number; while this numbering would have fit in the west–east Interstate number scheme, an I-57 was already planned in Illinois and Missouri . The state's proposal

5200-426: The state extended the highway northward from Green Bay to the Michigan state line. However, WIS 57 did not keep this alignment for very long. In 1927, when the U.S. Highway System was established in Wisconsin, WIS 57 was shortened at both ends. The section between Green Bay and Michigan became US 141 , and the section south of Milwaukee became part of US 41. WIS 57 replaced WIS 78 in

5280-537: The state. Paleo-Indian stone tools from made from stone sourced from the Door Peninsula or its immediate vicinity have been found as far west as in Trempealeau , La Crosse , Jackson , and Jackson , and Monroe counties and as far south as Dane County . Archaeological evidence shows habitation of the peninsula and its islands by several different Native American groups. Artifacts from an ancient village site at Nicolet Bay Beach date to about 400 BC. This site

5360-610: The stinking water") and, perhaps erroneously, "the People of the Sea". He concluded that this name meant they were from or living near the Pacific Ocean with its aromatic salt air and that they would be a direct link to the people of China , if not from China. In 1665, Pierre-Esprit Radisson and Médard des Groseilliers spent the winter with the Potawatomi . Explaining his travels, Radisson reported that We embarked ourselves on

5440-432: The stretch of WIS 57 between WIS 54 and WIS 42 , between Sturgeon Bay and Green Bay , a primary route to the Door Peninsula , to four lanes between 1999 and 2008. This section had been a two-lane highway, but traffic during the vacation season caused long delays and made an expansion necessary. The heavy traffic also resulted in the deaths of eighteen people on this section between 1994 and 1997, earning

5520-531: The surface, while at the same time, cold lakewater enters Green Bay deep underneath. This is a major reason why oxygen levels in the bay are often too low. In the Lower Green Bay, a counterclockwise circulation of water along the surface of the bay is thought to carry cleaner water south along the western shore, and nutrient-rich water from the Fox River north along the eastern shore. This circulation

5600-407: The town of Union and two sites in the city of Sturgeon Bay. The Cardy and Salisbury Steak sites are located about a mile from each other in the south side of the city, and the Heyrman I and Boss Tavern (or Fabry Creek) sites are a quarter-mile from each other along Highway 57 in the town of Union. It is thought that the Boss Tavern site was used as a base camp, while the Heyrman I site was used as

5680-458: The two routes then as they enter the city limits of Sturgeon Bay. WIS 42/WIS 57 intersects with CTH-C and CTH-S before crossing over the business routes at an incomplete interchange. The two highway then crosses over the Sturgeon Bay via the Bay View Bridge before intersecting with Michigan Street at a recently constructed roundabout. Bus. WIS 42/Bus. WIS 57 ends at the parent route at another recently constructed roundabout, and

5760-539: Was British policies to invite and encourage as much Indian emigration from the United States as possible. Even prior to their final emigration, many Potowatomis had periodically migrated into Canada to receive compensation related to their service on the British side during the War of 1812 and to pledge their continued loyalty. Another factor was a desire to avoid the harsh terms of the 1833 Treaty of Chicago , which compensated

5840-606: Was built in 1930 and is 1,420 feet (430 m) long. The bridge is one of only three crossings of Sturgeon Bay, the others being the WIS 42/WIS 57 bridge and the recently opened Maple and Oregon Streets Bridge. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 17, 2008. The bridge was closed to all traffic in July 2008 after the Wisconsin Department of Transportation stated that

5920-399: Was falsely reported to have died fighting Blackhawk Indians on Chambers Island; the island was named for him in 1816. In the spring 1833, Odawa on Detroit Island were baptized during an eight day visit by Frederic Baraga . During an attack in 1835, one of two fishermen squatting on Detroit Island was shot and killed along with one or more Native Americans. The other fisherman was rescued by

6000-413: Was occupied by various cultures until about 1300 AD. In 246 B.C (±25 years), a dog was buried in a Native American burial site on Washington Island. The name of the peninsula and the county comes from the name of a route between Green Bay and Lake Michigan. Humans, whether Native Americans, early explorers, or American ship captains, have been well aware of the dangerous water passage that lies between

6080-536: Was planned in the 1950s; the state's plan was rejected in favor of the current routing of I-43, though it remains a popular and marked alternate route for both I-43 and I-41 to the west. WIS 57 is also a major route to the tourist area of Door County ; it is one of only two state highways to serve the county with WIS 42. WIS 57 begins at WIS 59 (National Avenue) in Milwaukee and continues north as Layton Boulevard until just south of I-94 where

6160-450: Was rebuilt as Phase I of the project. Phase 2 widened WIS 57 to four lanes on the 8 miles (13 km) between WIS 54 and Dyckesville during 2002 and 2003. The first section of four-lane road officially opened on December 2, 2003. WisDOT then began Phase 3 of the project, which widened the rest of the highway through the WIS 42 junction. The first part of this phase, a 6-mile (9.7 km) bypass of Dyckesville that reached

6240-595: Was searching for a water route through North America to Asia : Horseshoe Island , which is part of Peninsula State Park , and Red Banks, which is about 7 miles north of what is now Green Bay . Nicolet is remembered in Wisconsin lore for having mistaken the Ho-Chunk Indians for Asians and celebrating, believing he had reached the Far East . Nicolet had heard long before coming that the people living along these shores were called Winnebago ("the people from

6320-463: Was ultimately rejected, and I-43 was built on the US ;141 corridor along the lakeshore instead. The US 41 corridor eventually became I-41 in 2015, providing Interstate access to all the cities the WIS 57 routing would not have favored. WisDOT rerouted WIS 57 in south Ozaukee County during the early 1990s in response to local municipalities who complained about heavy traffic on

6400-497: Was used as a stone tool workshop, and appears to have been occupied later than the other three sites. The stone materials found at the site come from only a single occupation, and include local material, sandstone coming from the south or west, and chert from the Hudson Bay Lowlands in Canada. How they acquired Canadian stone is unknown, but they could have found it in a glacial deposit, traded for it, or migrated from

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