Empire of Brazil
23-533: Rebels The Balaiada was a social revolt between 1838 and 1841 in the interior of the Province of Maranhão , Brazil . During the imperial period , the Maranhão region, which exported cotton , suffered a severe economic crisis because of competition with the increasingly-productive United States . In addition, the cattle industry consumed a large part of the workforce in the region. Those factors explain
46-597: A range of modules such as manual dispensing, supervisory, bulk dispensing, recipe management and interfacing with external systems. Such a system might dispense much more than just medical related products, such as alcohol, tobacco or vitamins and minerals. In Kenya , a dispensary is a small outpatient health facility, usually managed by a registered nurse. It provides the most basic primary healthcare services to rural communities, e.g. childhood immunization, family planning, wound dressing and management of common ailments like colds, diarrhea and simple malaria. The nurses report to
69-588: A series of victories led to the successful pacification of the province in 1841. The leaders of the movement were killed in battle or captured. Many of the captured like Cosme Bento were sentenced and executed by hanging. For his work in the Province of Maranhão, Lima e Silva received the title of Baron de Caxias. Social revolt Social revolutions are sudden changes in the structure and nature of society . These revolutions are usually recognized as having transformed society, economy , culture , philosophy , and technology along with but more than just
92-435: A value-based model. Society is modeled in terms of the coordination of different values realized through socialization, norms and rules, which then legitimize the political order. Johnson argues that revolution occurs when these values become disaligned. Skocpol also argues that Marxist theories can be useful for understanding revolutions but that they lack an explanation for when revolutions do and don't occur not considering
115-592: Is an office in a school, hospital , industrial plant, or other organization that dispenses medications , medical supplies, and in some cases even medical and dental treatment. In a traditional dispensary set-up, a pharmacist dispenses medication per the prescription or order form. The English term originated from the medieval Latin noun dispensaria and is cognate with the Latin verb dispensare , 'to distribute'. The term also refers to legal cannabis dispensaries . The term also has Victorian antiquity , in 1862
138-550: Is given as an example of a psychological theory with this theory explaining violence as a result of anger deriving from an inability of individuals to achieve or do the things they value a state called relative deprivation . Charles Tilly with this book From Mobilization to Revolution is given as an example of a political conflict theory. He argues that groups with resources competed for political power, and that changes in access to resources could result in revolution. Chalmers Johnson with his book Revolutionary Change , discusses
161-579: Is sold in specially designated stores called cannabis dispensaries or "compassion clubs". These clubs are for members or patients only, unless legal cannabis has already passed in the state or province in question. In Canada dispensaries are far less abundant than in the USA; most Canadian dispensaries are in British Columbia and Ontario. In 2013 Uruguay became the first country to legalize marijuana cultivation, sale and consumption. The government
184-532: The United States was used to refer to government agencies that sell alcoholic beverages , particularly in the state of Idaho and the South Carolina . In Arizona , British Columbia , California , Colorado , Connecticut , Illinois , Maine , Massachusetts , Oregon , Michigan , New Jersey , New Mexico , New York , Rhode Island , Ontario , Quebec , and Washington , medical cannabis
207-406: The political systems . Theda Skocpol in her article "France, Russia, China: A Structural Analysis of Social Revolutions" states that social revolution is a "combination of thoroughgoing structural transformation and massive national and class upheavals". She comes to this definition by combining Samuel P. Huntington 's definition that it "is a rapid, fundamental, and violent domestic change in
230-465: The Maranhão conservatives took advantage of the opportunity to remove the liberals in power and also to weaken them further by contracting the service of the cattle ranchers, traditionally supported by the liberals. The event that began the revolt was the detention of the brother of rancher Raimundo Gomes from the ranch of his father, Inácio Mendes, a contingent of the National Guard , invaded
253-485: The dominant values and myths of society, in its political institutions, social structure, leadership, and government activities and policies" and Vladimir Lenin 's, which is that revolutions are "the festivals of the oppressed...[who act] as creators of a new social order". She also states that this definition excludes many revolutions, because they fail to meet either or both of the two parts of this definition. Academics have identified certain factors that have mitigated
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#1732765606712276-402: The involvement of the slaves and the poorly-paid free workers in the movement. A political power dispute arose in the heart of the elite class, which was reflected in Maranhão by the opposition of liberals ( bem-te-vis ) and conservatives ( cabanos ). When Pedro de Araújo Lima, Marquis of Olinda became prime minister, provoking the so-called regresso conservador ("conservative regression"),
299-407: The movement acted on its own and got out of control. In the face of a growing mass of people, local elites sought ways to stop the revolt. The imperial government sent troops under the command of Colonel Luís Alves de Lima e Silva and made him the president of the province. By combining political pacification and a military offensive and by offering amnesty to the rebels who aided in the repression,
322-499: The municipal jail and freed him, in December 1838. Afterward, Gomes, with the support of Cosme Bento , an ex-slave with a force of 3,000 escaped Africans, and Manuel Francisco dos Anjos Ferreira , called the balaio ("basket") because he was a basketmaker, spread the revolt across the interior of Maranhão, conquering the province's second city in importance, Caxias , and going on to Piauí . Despite liberals' attempts to control it,
345-466: The nursing officer at the health center, where they refer patients with complicated diseases to be managed by clinical officers . In India, a dispensary refers to a small setup with basic medical facilities where a doctor can provide a primary level of care. It does not have a hospitalization facility and is generally owned by a single doctor. In remote areas of India where hospital facilities are not available, dispensaries will be available. In Turkey ,
368-454: The point of need, under closer company control, and in many cases better capitalized than any services that the surrounding town could provide. In such contexts, company doctors and nurses were regularly on duty or on call . Electronic dispensaries are designed to ensure efficient and consistent dispensing of excipient and active ingredients in a secure data environment with full audit traceability. A standard dispensary system consists of
391-447: The psychological security necessary for autonomous conscience and liberal ideals to become internalized, an integrated part of the 'new men' ... regenerated by Wesleyan preaching." The practice of temperance among Methodists, as well as their rejection of gambling , allowed them to eliminate secondary poverty and accumulate capital. Individuals who attended Methodist chapels and Sunday schools "took into industrial and political life
414-754: The qualities and talents they had developed within Methodism and used them on behalf of the working classes in non-revolutionary ways." The spread of the Methodist Church in Great Britain, author and professor Michael Hill states, "filled both a social and an ideological vacuum" in English society, thus "opening up the channels of social and ideological mobility ... which worked against the polarization of English society into rigid social classes." The historian Bernard Semmel argues that "Methodism
437-655: The rise of revolutions. Many historians have held that the rise and spread of Methodism in Great Britain prevented the development of a revolution there. In addition to preaching the Christian Gospel, John Wesley and his Methodist followers visited those imprisoned, as well as the poor and aged, building hospitals and dispensaries which provided free healthcare for the masses. The sociologist William H. Swatos stated that "Methodist enthusiasm transformed men, summoning them to assert rational control over their own lives, while providing in its system of mutual discipline
460-424: The role of the organization of the state in revolutions focusing instead of the class structures. Skocpol argues that while revolutions can be explained in terms of these sociological theories, it is difficult to work out which explanation is true because the concepts are so general. She argues that a comparative historical approach informed by concepts from sociology is useful. Dispensary A dispensary
483-478: The term dispensary is almost always used in reference to tuberculosis dispensaries ( Turkish : verem savaş dispanseri ) established across the country under a programme to eliminate tuberculosis initiated in 1923, the same year the country was founded. Although more than a hundred such dispensaries continue to operate as of 2023, they have been largely supplanted by hospitals by the end of 20th century with increased access to healthcare. The term dispensary in
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#1732765606712506-486: The term dispensary was used in the folk song the Blaydon Races . The folk song differentiated the term dispensary from a Doctors surgery and an Infirmary. The advent of huge industrial plants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, such as large steel mills , created a demand for in-house first responder services, including firefighting , emergency medical services , and even primary care that were closer to
529-434: Was an antirevolutionary movement that succeeded (to the extent that it did) because it was a revolution of a radically different kind" that was capable of effecting social change on a large scale. Skocpol distinguishes her theory from psychological theories of revolution ("aggregate psychological theories"), theories of systems and values, and theories about political conflicts. Ted Robert Gurr and his book Why Men Rebel
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