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62-461: Baniachong constituted the grand estate (zamindari) of Anwar Khan, who was looked upon as a raja by the local people. Estate of Baniachong was so vast, it crisscrossed all districts of Sylhet region as well as the greater Mymensingh, Dhaka and Comilla. In accordance with the Pargana system introduced by Murshid Quli Khan in 1722, Anwar Khan claimed tenure of 28 Parganas of Muazzamabad, but his claim

124-1102: A base for the British East India Company , the French East India Company , the Danish East India Company , the Austrian East India Company , the Ostend Company , and the Dutch East India Company . The British company eventually rivaled the authority of the Nawabs. In the aftermath of the siege of Calcutta in 1756, in which the Nawab's forces overran the main British base, the East India Company dispatched

186-550: A fleet led by Robert Clive who defeated the last independent Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah at the Battle of Plassey in 1757. Mir Jafar was installed as the puppet Nawab. His successor Mir Qasim attempted in vain to dislodge the British. The defeat of Nawab Mir Qasim of Bengal, Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula of Oudh , and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II at the Battle of Buxar in 1764 paved the way for British expansion across India. The South Indian Kingdom of Mysore led by Tipu Sultan overtook

248-603: A letter to us-Shan warning him that if Quli Khan was "harmed, then he would take revenge on him". Quli Khan felt unsafe in Dhaka, so he moved the diwani office to Mukshudabad. He said that he relocated the office since Mukshudabad was situated in the central part of Bengal, making it easy to communicate throughout the province. As the city was on the banks of the Ganges, European trading companies had also set up their bases there. Quli Khan thought that it would be easy for him to keep

310-733: A period of economic and political consolidation. The third Nawab Sarfaraz Khan was preoccupied with military engagements, including Nader Shah's invasion of India . Sarfaraz Khan was killed at the Battle of Giria by his deputy Alivardi Khan . The coup by Alivardi Khan led to the creation of a new dynasty. Nawab Alivardi Khan endured brutal raids by the Maratha Empire . The Marathas undertook six expeditions in Bengal from 1741 to 1748. The Maratha general Raghoji I of Nagpur conquered large parts of Orissa. Nawab Alivardi Khan made peace with Raghoji in 1751, ceding large parts of Orissa up to

372-436: A population of 332,530. 102,564 (30.84%) were under 10 years of age. Baniachong had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 34.65%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1029 females per 1000 males. 28,506 (8.57%) lived in urban areas. As of the 1991 Bangladesh census , Baniachong has a population of 3,34,605. Males constitute 50.84% of the population, and females 49.16%. This Upazila's eighteen up population

434-519: A result of the disputes. After the viceroy's exit, the provincial premier Murshid Quli Khan emerged as the de facto ruler of Bengal. His administrative coup merged the offices of the diwan (prime minister) and subedar (viceroy). In 1716, Khan shifted Bengal's capital from Dhaka to a new city named after himself. In 1717, Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar recognized Khan as the hereditary Nawab Nazim. The Nawab's jurisdiction covered districts in Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa. The Nawab's territory stretched from

496-575: A secret treaty with the Dutch East India Company. This caused the British to replace Mir Jafar with his son-in-law Mir Qasim in October 1760. In one of his first acts, Mir Qasim ceded Chittagong, Burdwan and Midnapore to the East India Company. Mir Qasim also proved to be a popular ruler. But Mir Qasim's independent spirit eventually raised British suspicions. Mir Jafar was reinstalled as Nawab in 1763. Mir Qasim continued opposing

558-411: A vigil over their actions. He also relocated the bankers to the new city. Azim-us-Shan felt betrayed as this was done without his permission. Historian Chowdhury says that Quli Khan was able to do this because he had the "support" of Aurangzeb. A year later, in 1703, Aurangzeb transferred us-Shan from Bengal to Bihar and Farrukhsiyar was made the titular subahdar of the province. The subah office

620-403: A war against him. Khan gave up without a fight and Shuja-ud-Din became the nawab in 1727. Sarfaraz would ascend the throne after his father's death in 1739 only to be defeated and replaced by Alivardi Khan in 1740. Quli Khan remains buried under the stairs to the main-floor of Katra Masjid —a five-bayed rectangular mosque constructed by himself—pursuant to his wishes. Popular belief holds

682-447: Is 115151. Baniachong has an average literacy rate of 20.8% (7+ years), and the national average of 32.4% literate. Baniachang (town) consists of 7 mouzas. The area of the town is 3.06 km. It has a population of 21,111; male 50.75%, female 49.25%. Literacy rate among the town people is 25.3%. Once the town was the capital of the ancient Loud Kingdom of Sylhet. It has one post house (" dak bungalow "). Baniachang thana, now an upazila,

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744-410: Is a way of showing disrespect to the emperor. Be careful! If you kill me, then you will face dire consequences." Azim-us-Shan was extremely worried Quli Khan knew of his assassination plans and was fearful of Aurangzeb's reaction. Quli Khan behaved as if he knew nothing of the plan assuring us-Shan they would remain friends in the future. However, he wrote about the matter to Aurangzeb, who in turn sent

806-436: Is bounded by Sullah and Derai upazilas on the north, Habiganj Sadar and Lakhai upazilas on the south, Habiganj Sadar and Nabiganj upazilas on the east, Ajmiriganj , Mithamain and Austagram upazilas on the west. Main rivers are Kushiyara, Kalai and Barak. Notable beels: Charagaon, Bata, Sonamua, Dhala, Chatal and Chandra Beel. According to the 2011 Census of Bangladesh , Baniachong Upazila had 59,433 households and

868-593: The zamindari system. He also continued sending revenues from the state to the Mughal Empire . He received various titles from the Mughal emperors such as Kārtalab Khān, Murshid Quli Khān, Jafar Khān and Mutamin al-Mulk Ála' al-Dauläh Jafar Khān Nasiri Nasir Jang Bahadur successively. He built the Katra Masjid mosque at Murshidabad where he was buried under the staircase after his death on 30 June 1727. He

930-470: The Battle of Buxar in 1764, which was the last real chance of resisting British expansion across the northern Indian subcontinent. The South Indian Kingdom of Mysore under Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan briefly eclipsed the dominant position of Bengal in the subcontinent. Tipu Sultan pursued aggressive military modernization; and set up a company to trade with communities around the Persian Gulf and

992-939: The Katra Masjid in Murshidabad; and the Bara Katra and Choto Katra in Dhaka. Dutch Bengali trading posts included the main Dutch port of Pipeli in Orissa; the Dutch settlement in Rajshahi ; and the towns of Cossimbazar and Hugli . The Danes built trading posts in Bankipur and on islands of the Bay of Bengal . Balasore in Orissa was a prominent Austrian trading post. Bengali cities were full of brokers, workers, peons, naibs, wakils, and ordinary traders. The Nawabs were patrons of

1054-512: The Katra Masjid mosque in 1724 where he was buried after his death. During Quli Khan's reign the people of the Murshidabad used to participate in many festivals. One of them was the Punyah which occurred in the last week of the Bengali month of Chaitra . The zamindars , or their representatives, took part in it. However, the festival which was celebrated with the greatest pomp and grandeur

1116-518: The subahdar of the province and made Quli Khan his deputy. Azim-us-Shan influenced his father to throw Quli Khan out of the province. As a result, he was appointed the Diwan of Deccan in 1708, and served in the post until 1709. But, in 1710, Quli Khan was brought back as the diwan (revenue officer) of the province on the advice of us-Shan. According to Sarkar, he did so to form an allegiance with him, as he thought that it would be impossible to occupy

1178-770: The Arabian Sea. Mysore's military technology at one point rivaled European technology. However, the Anglo-Mysore War ended Tipu Sultan's ascendancy. In 1765, Robert Clive , as the representative of the East India Company , was given the Diwani of Bengal by the Mughal emperor Shah Alam II . With this a system of dual governance was established, with the Nawabs responsible for the Nizamat of Bengal and

1240-591: The British and his father-in-law. He set up his capital in Munger and raised an independent army. Mir Qasim attacked British positions in Patna, overrunning the company's offices and killing its Resident. Mir Qasim also attacked the British-allied Gorkha Kingdom . Mir Qasim allied with Nawab Shuja-ud-Daula of Awadh and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II . However, the Mughal allies were defeated at

1302-460: The British government abolished the symbolic authority of the Mughal court. After 1880, the descendants of the Nawabs of Bengal were recognised simply as Nawabs of Murshidabad with the mere status of a peerage . The Bengal Subah was the wealthiest subah of the Mughal Empire . There were several posts under the Mughal administrative system of Bengal since Akbar 's conquest in the 1500s. Nizamat (governornership) and diwani (premiership) were

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1364-525: The British presence in Bengal. He also feared invasions by the Durrani Empire from the north and Marathas from the west. On 20 June 1756, Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah launched the siege of Calcutta , in which he won a decisive victory. The British were briefly expelled from Fort William, which came under the occupation of the Nawab's forces. The East India Company dispatched a naval fleet led by Robert Clive to regain control of Fort William. By January 1757,

1426-592: The British retook Fort William. The stalemate with the Nawab continued into June. The Nawab also began cooperating with the French East India Company, raising the ire of the British further. Britain and France were at the time pitted against each other in the Seven Years' War . On 23 June 1757, the Battle of Plassey brought an end to the independence of the Nawabs of Bengal. Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah and his French allies were caught off guard by

1488-648: The Company responsible for the Diwani of Bengal. In 1772, this arrangement came to be abolished and Bengal was brought under direct control of the British. In 1793, the Mughal emperor also ceded the Nizamat of Bengal to the Company and the Nawab of Bengal was reduced to a mere titular position and pensioners of the Company. After the Revolt of 1857 , Company rule in India ended, and the British Crown , in 1858, took over

1550-527: The Delhi throne without the support of local nobility. Though he was brought back, his relationship with the Mughal prince remained stained. Shah was succeeded by Jahandar Shah in 1712, (27 February 1712 – 11 February 1713) and he was followed by Farrukhsiyar in 1713. In 1717, he gave Quli Khan the title of Zafar Khan and made him the Subahdar of Bengal, thus holding both the post of subahdar and diwan at

1612-481: The Mughal Empire began to decline, the Nawabs rose in power. By the early 1700s, the Nawabs were practically independent, despite a nominal tribute to the Mughal court. The Mughal court heavily relied on Bengal for revenue. Azim-us-Shan , the Mughal viceroy of Bengal, had a bitter power struggle with his prime minister ( diwan ) Murshid Quli Khan. Emperor Aurangzeb transferred Azim-us-Shan out of Bengal as

1674-592: The Mughal court and returned to Persia accompanied by Murshid Quli Khan. About five years after Shafi's death, Murshid returned to India and worked under Abdullah Khurasani, the Diwan of Vidarbha in the Mughal Empire. Due to his expertise in revenue matters, he was noticed by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and played an important role when applying the sharia based Fatwa Alamgiri's financial strategies. Unlike other Islamic rulers, Murshid Quli Khan had only one wife, Nasiri Banu Begum, and no concubines. He had three children, two daughters and one son. One of his daughters became

1736-545: The Nawab of Bengal as the subcontinent's wealthiest monarchy; but this was short-lived and ended with the Anglo-Mysore War . The British then turned their sights on defeating the Marathas and Sikhs . In 1772, Governor-General Warren Hastings shifted administrative and judicial offices from Murshidabad to Calcutta , the capital of the newly formed Bengal Presidency , and the de facto capital of British India. The Nawabs had lost all independent authority since 1757. In 1858,

1798-573: The arts , including the Murshidabad style of Mughal painting , Hindustani classical music , the Baul tradition, and local craftsmanship. The second Nawab Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan developed Murshidabad's royal palace, military base, city gates, revenue office, public audience hall ( durbar ), and mosques in an extensive compound called Farrabagh (Garden of Joy) which included canals, fountains, flowers, and fruit trees. The second Nawab's reign saw

1860-578: The battle between Anwar Khan and his brother Hussain Khan (Bara Bhuiyans of Baniachang) with the Mughal army in the first decade of the seventeenth century is found in the Baharistan-i-Gayebi. Zamindars of Banyachung was renowned for their generosity, but the last zamindar was more than generous; he was well known for his gullibility and his aged but adept and calculating servants such as dewans and chaudharies swindled him left, right and centre. By

1922-539: The border with Oudh in the west to the border with Arakan in the east. The chief deputy of the Nawab was the Naib Nazim of Dhaka, the mayor of the former provincial capital whose own wealth was considerable; the Naib Nazim of Dhaka also governed much of eastern Bengal. Other important officials were stationed in Patna, Cuttack , and Chittagong. The aristocracy was composed of the Zamindars of Bengal . The Nawab

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1984-455: The capital of Bengal , it became necessary for Quli Khan to build buildings and offices for work to be carried out from that city. In the Dugharia region of the city he built a palace, a diwankhana ("office of revenue collection", a court of exchequer). He also built an inn and a mosque for foreign travellers. He constructed a mint in the city in 1720. In the eastern end of the city he built

2046-412: The city was renamed is disputed by historians. Sir Jadunath Sarkar says that he was given the title on 23 December 1702, and his return to the city would have taken at least three months; so Mukshudabad was renamed in 1703. But according to the newspaper Tarikh-i-Bangla, and Persian historian Riwaz-us-Salatin, the city was renamed in c. 1704. Chowdhury opines that this "might be the correct date" as

2108-460: The contractors, who later came to be known as zamindars . Quli Khan continued his policy of sending part of the revenue collected to the Mughal Empire. He did so even when the empire was in decline with the emperor vesting no power, as the power became concentrated in the hands of kingmakers. He justified his action by saying that it would be impossible to run the Mughal Empire without the revenue he sent. Historian Chowdhury says that his real reason

2170-418: The defection of the Nawab's Commander-in-Chief Mir Jafar to the British side. The British, under the leadership of Robert Clive, gained enormous influence over Bengal Subah as a result of the battle. The last independent Nawab was arrested by his former officers and killed in revenge for the brutality against his courtiers. Mir Jafar was installed as the puppet Nawab by the British. However, Jafar entered into

2232-683: The early 18th-century, the Nawab of Bengal was the de facto independent ruler of the three regions of Bengal , Bihar and Orissa which constitute the modern-day sovereign country of Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal , Bihar and Odisha . The Bengal Subah reached its peak during the reign of Nawab Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan . They are often referred to as the Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa ( Bengali : বাংলা, বিহার ও উড়িষ্যার নবাব ). The Nawabs were based in Murshidabad which

2294-715: The financial backbone of the Mughal court. The Nawabs, especially under the rule of Alivardi Khan of 16 years, were heavily engaged in various wars against the Marathas. Towards the end, he turned his attention to rebuilding and restoring Bengal . The Nawabs of Bengal oversaw a period of proto-industrialization . The Bengal-Bihar-Orissa triangle was a major production center for cotton muslin cloth, silk cloth, shipbuilding, gunpowder, saltpetre, and metalworks. Factories were set up in Murshidabad, Dhaka, Patna, Sonargaon, Chittagong, Rajshahi, Cossimbazar, Balasore, Pipeli, and Hugli among other cities, towns, and ports. The region became

2356-403: The increase in trade, a new class of businessmen arose who also attended his durbar . Due to his pious nature, Quli Khan followed Islam strictly and, according to Islamic rules, visitors were fed twice a day. The city used to be a major exporter of rice across India but c.  1720 , Quli Khan prohibited all export of rice. Chowdhury says that the condition of Hindus during his reign

2418-472: The mosque to have been constructed of material obtained upon destruction of several Hindu temples and residences; however, it is unlikely since the mosque shows an uniformity of material and Khan used to be an active patron of local temples. Nawab of Bengal The Nawab of Bengal ( Bengali : বাংলার নবাব , bāṅglār nôbāb ) was the hereditary ruler of Bengal Subah in Mughal India . In

2480-507: The post, Quli Khan went to Jahangirnagar (present day Dhaka ) and transferred officials from the service of Azim-us-Shan to himself, enraging Azim-us-Shan. Azim-us-Shan planned to assassinate Quli Khan. Taking advantage of the fact the soldiers had yet to be paid, he convinced them that Quli Khan was responsible for the situation. He planned to have them surround Quli Khan on the pretext of confronting him over non-payment of their wages, and he would then be stabbed. One morning when Quli Khan

2542-651: The province's subahdar , Azim-us-Shan . After Aurangzeb's death in 1707, he was transferred to the Deccan Plateau by Azim-us-Shan's father the Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah I . However, he was brought back as deputy subahdar in 1710. In 1717, he was appointed as the Nawab Nazim of Murshidabad by Farrukhsiyar . During his reign, he changed the jagirdari system (land management) to the mal jasmani, which would later transform into

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2604-554: The representative of the British East Indian Company in Orissa province met Quli Khan in early 1704. The fact that the first coins issued in Murshidabad are dated 1704 is strong evidence of the year of the name change. Until the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, all the powers of the subahdar were vested in the hands of Quli Khan. He was succeeded by Azim-us-Shan's father Bahadur Shah I . He reappointed his son as

2666-452: The river Subarnarekha. The Marathas demanded an annual tribute payment. The Marathas also promised to never to cross the boundary of the Nawab's territory. European trading companies also grew more influential in Bengal. Nawab Murshid Quli Khan was notorious for his repressive tax collection tactics, including torture for non-payment. Nawab Alivardi Khan's successor was Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah . Nawab Siraj-ud-Daulah grew increasingly wary of

2728-482: The same time. He declared himself the Nawab of Bengal and became the first independent nawab of the province. The capital was shifted from Dhaka to Murshidabad. Quli Khan replaced the Mughal jagirdari system with the mal jasmani system, which was similar to France's fermiers generals . He took security bonds from the contractors or ijardaars who later collected the land revenue. Though at first there remained many jagirdars , they were shortly squeezed out by

2790-444: The territories which were under direct rule of the company. This marked the beginning of Crown rule in India , and the Nawabs had no political or any other kind of control over the territory. Mir Jafar's descendants continued to live in Murshidabad. The Hazarduari Palace ( Palace of a Thousand Doors ) was built as the residence of the Nawabs in the 1830s. The palace was also used by British colonial officials. Nawab Mansur Ali Khan

2852-440: The time of the retirement, dewans and chauddharies working for Banyachung zamindar ended up holding more lands than the zamindar himself. This was achieved through a severance scheme conjured up by a shrewd dewan; this scheme made the zamindar honour-bound to grant land (taluque) to his servants on retirement and there were two categories of taluque: (i) Khalisa and (ii) Mujrahi, aka Mujrai. The first category of taluque, i.e. Khalisa,

2914-454: The two main branches of provincial government under the Mughals. The Subahdar was in-charge of the nizamat and had a chain of subordinate officials on the executive side, including diwans (prime ministers) responsible for revenue and legal affairs. The regional decentralization of the Mughal Empire led to the creation of numerous semi-independent strongholds in the Mughal provinces. As

2976-453: The wife of Nawab Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan and mother of Sarfaraz Khan . Aurangzeb appointed Quli Khan the Diwan of Bengal c. 1700. At that time, Azim-us-Shan , a grandson of the Mughal emperor, was the subahdar of the province. He was not pleased at this appointment as he intend to use the revenue collected from the state to fund his campaign to occupy the Mughal throne after Aurangzeb's death. Immediately after being appointed to

3038-520: Was Mawlid the festival to celebrate the birth of the Islamic prophet Muhammad . During Mawlid people from neighbouring provinces came to the city to celebrate. On Quli Khan's order chirag or lamps were lit in all religious places such as mosques, and imambararas. Quli Khan also imitated the Mughal tradition of holding a durbar in the city which was attended by the city's bankers, foreign tourists, and European companies' representatives. Because of

3100-414: Was "also good" as "they became more rich". Though Quli Khan was a Muslim, Hindus were employed in the tax department primarily because he thought they were experts in the field; they could also speak fluent Persian . Quli Khan died on 30 June 1727. He was succeeded initially by his grandson Sarfaraz Khan . But his son-in-law Shuja-ud-Din Muhammad Khan did not accept the succession, and planned to fight

3162-519: Was a major center of silk production. Shipbuilding in Chittagong enjoyed Ottoman and European demand. Patna was a center of metalworks and the military-industrial complex. The Bengal-Bihar region was a major exporter of gunpowder and saltpetre . The Nawabs presided over an era of growing organization in banking, handicrafts , and other trades. Bengal attracted traders from across Eurasia . Traders were lodged at caravanserais , including

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3224-421: Was backed up by the powerful Jagat Seth family of bankers and money lenders. The Jagat Seth controlled the flow of Bengali revenue into the imperial treasury in Delhi. They served as financiers to both the Nawabs and European companies operating in the region. The Nawabs profited from the revenue generated by the worldwide demand of muslin trade in Bengal , which was centered in Dhaka and Sonargaon . Murshidabad

3286-543: Was centrally located within Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha. Their chief, a former prime minister, became the first Nawab. The Nawabs continued to issue coins in the name of the Mughal Emperor, but for all practical purposes, the Nawabs governed as independent monarchs. Bengal continued to contribute the largest share of funds to the imperial treasury in Delhi. The Nawabs, backed by bankers such as the Jagat Seth , became

3348-843: Was established in 1790 and was turned into a sub-division of a district in 1934. Baniachang Upazila is divided into 15 union parishads : Baraiuri, Dakshin Paschim Baniachong, Dakshin Purba Baniachong, Daulatpur, Kagapasha, Khagaura, Makrampur, Mandari, Muradpur, Pailar Kandi, Pukhra, Sujatpur, Subidpur, Uttar Paschim Baniachong, and Uttar Purba Baniachong. The union parishads are subdivided into 237 mauzas and 359 villages. Archaeological heritage and relics remnants of ancient Rajbari (1737–38) at Puranbagh, Bibir Dargah Mosque, Bithangal Akhra. Murshid Quli Khan Murshid Quli Khan ( c. 1660 – 30 June 1727), also known as Mohammad Hadi and born as Surya Narayan Mishra ,

3410-456: Was going to meet Azim-us-Shan, soldiers, under the leadership of Abdul Wahid, surrounded him and asked him for their wages. But, according to Historian Chowdhury, Quli Khan knew that us-Shan was responsible for inciting the soldiers, so he said to them: "You have conspired to assassinate me. Remember that the Alamgir (Aurangzeb) will come to know everything. Abstain from doing such things, as it

3472-847: Was rejected after an investigation by the revenue office, as these Parganas belong to the posterity of Shah Muazzam Uddin Qureshi, who assumed the name of Muazzam Khan when he ascended the throne of Muazzamabad. Hence, these 28 Parganas: Banshikunda (Vamshikunda), Ranadigha, Shelvarsh, Sukhaid, Bétaal, Palash, Laxmanshree, Chamtala, Pagla (Paragala), Dohaliya, Bazu Jatua, Sinchapaid, Shafahar (Shaharpara), Sik Sonaita (Sonauta), Atuajan (Atuajahan), Aatgaon, Kuwazpur, Joar Baniyachung, Kasba Baniyachung, Jalsuka, Bithangal, Joanshahi, Mudaikaid (Mudakadi), Kuresha, Jantari (Yantri), Haveli Sonaita, Satar Sati and Paikuda, were allotted to new landholders that created numerous zamindars and taluquedars in former Muazzamabad (districts of Sunamganj and Habiganj). The history of

3534-594: Was reserved for the male servants and the second category of taluque, i.e. Mujrai, was reserved for zamindar's courtesans. This scheme ruined the zamindary of Baniyachung within a very short span of time and created numerous Khalisadar and Mujraidar in the region, who nowadays style themselves as chowdhury in Sylhet region. Baniachong is located at 24°32′30″N 91°20′00″E  /  24.5417°N 91.3333°E  / 24.5417; 91.3333 . It has 59,433 households and total area 482.46 km. Baniachang Upazila

3596-498: Was succeeded by his son-in-law Shuja ud Din Muhammad Khan. According to Sir Jadunath Sarkar , Murshid Quli Khan was originally a Hindu and named as Surya Narayan Mishra, born in Deccan c. 1670. The book Ma'asir al-umara supports this statement. At the age of around ten years, he was sold to a Persian named Haji Shafi who circumcised him, and raised him with the name Mohammad Hadi. In c. 1690, Shafi left his position in

3658-522: Was the first Nawab of Bengal , serving from 1717 to 1727. Born a Hindu in the Deccan Plateau c. 1670, Murshid Quli Khan was bought by Mughal noble Haji Shafi. After Shafi's death, he worked under the Divan of Vidarbha , during which time he piqued the attention of the then-emperor Aurangzeb , who sent him to Bengal as the divan c. 1700. However, he entered into a bloody conflict with

3720-630: Was the last titular Nawab Nazim of Bengal. During his reign the nizamat at Murshidabad came to be debt-ridden. The Nawab left Murshidabad in February 1869, and had started living in England. The title of the Nawab of Bengal stood abolished in 1880. He returned to Bombay in October 1880 and pleaded his case against the orders of the government, but as it stood unresolved the Nawab renounced his styles and titles, abdicating in favour of his eldest son on 1 November 1880. The Nawabs of Murshidabad succeeded

3782-477: Was then relocated to Mukshudabad. The city became a centre for all activities of the region. Quli Khan went to Bijapur to meet Aurangzeb, and to give him the revenue which was generated from the province. The emperor was happy with his work and gifted him clothes, flags, nagra, and a sword. He also gave him the title of Murshid Quli and gave him permission to rename the city Murshidabad (the city of Murshid Quli Khan), which he did when he returned to it. When

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3844-450: Was to show his loyalty to the Mughal Emperor so that he could run the state according to his own wishes. Records show that every year 1 crore 30 lakh rupees was sent as the revenue to the Mughal emperor. Besides money revenue was also paid in kind. Quli Khan himself used to carry the money and other forms of revenue with the infantry and the cavalry to Bihar where they were given to the Mughal collector. With Murshidabad evolving as

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