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111-484: Banjica is located 5-6 kilometers south of the center of Belgrade ( Terazije ), on the Banjica hill. On the southwest, the hill descends into the valley and neighborhood of Lisičji Potok and further continues into the hill and woods of Topčider while on the southwest and souuth it descends into the valley of the creek of Kaljavi potok , bordering the neighborhoods of Kanarevo Brdo (south-west) and Jajinci (south). To

222-596: A Banjica concentration camp . From June 1945 to December 1946, Banjica was one of 5 administrative neighborhoods within Belgrade’s Raion VI. After the war, the village was heavily urbanized, with new large apartment buildings built in place of old family houses. Banjica had a population of 17,711 in 2002. Today, Banjica is mainly a residential area, but with large diversity in administrative and sports buildings. The most notable ones are: Public transport includes bus , trolleybus and tram lines. Bus lines toward

333-417: A Modernist building was constructed in the mid-1930s. It was designed by Đorđe Đorđević in pure style, with the typical geometry of Modernism represented by the step-like risalit . Modern Hotel Balkan was built in 1935, Igumanov's Palace  [ sr ] in 1938, while Palace Albania was finished in 1939. In order to "effectively intimidate the population" and discourage the people from fighting

444-482: A Square of Marx and Engels (present Square of Nikola Pašić) in the 1950s to the north. Terazije became a "lifeless" ground for the parade and, in the future, for the automobile traffic. An 8-storey building, later known as the Hempro Building, was constructed by Aleksej Brkić at No. 8 in 1951 and finished in 1956. The black and white façade covering is made of marble, glass and metal, with geometric shapes. It

555-429: A ghost town. Then a group of young designers moved into the empty shops and began selling their homemade crafts, forming a Belgrade Design District with over 100 shops. In 2018 city administration stepped in with plans of creating a full artistic quart in the future. The deadline is set for 2020. The shopping mall was built without proper permits as the city urban plans envisioned public garage on that location, so there

666-541: A high-level. The towers were 3 to 10 m (9.8 to 32.8 ft) tall and had a cistern at the summit from which the water flowed into distribution pipes. The Ottoman đeriza followed the route of the ancient aqueduct from the period of Singidunum , the Roman predecessor of Belgrade. The top of the Terazije Ridge is rich in water springs. Water used to run down the slope, where the modern Prizrenska Street is, into

777-480: A large Terazije fountain was built in 1927. At the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century, Terazije was the centre of social life of Belgrade. In 1913, Davidović's city administration decided to change the name of the square into the Prestolonaslednikov trg ("Heir's apparent square"), referring to prince Alexander, future king Alexander I of Yugoslavia . Another decision was to build

888-716: A large number of people got stranded on the bank in Savamala, trying to flee across the Sava into Austria. Men were massacred, while women and children were enslaved. People were impaled on stakes along city's main roads so a rows of impaled people were placed from the Stambol Gate to Terazije, and nearby, along the Tsarigrad Road, from the Batal mosque to Tašmajdan . Terazije started to take shape as an urban feature in

999-514: A neglected, empty passage. New possible reconstruction was announced in April 2017, followed by a series of postponing: for October 2017, January, March and May 2018. The project included new paving of the area and reintroduction of the greenery. Nothing has been done, though, and in May 2019 part of the concrete ceiling collapsed so the city again promised to renovate the passage, sometime in 2019. After

1110-541: A typical inn for the travelers from the interior. At the corner of the Skopljanska (today Nušićeva) Street and Terazije, there was the "Zunane" glass shop. It was later purchased by Tomaš Rosulek who turned it into the delicatessen. One of the former Robne kuće Beograd department stores occupies the lot today. Down from the Rosulek store was a well known "Pantelić" pastry shop, famous for its confectionery . There

1221-535: A while in 1918, and until 1920 the National Theatre held performances here, too. In 1860 the kafana "Kod Albanije" ("Chez Albania"), was opened. A small, crummy house, built in the oriental, Turkish style, with yellow façade, it was very popular. The clock in front of it was the first public clock in Belgrade, so it became the most popular meeting point in the city. It was demolished to make way for

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1332-459: Is " Bora Stanković " and it is for grades 1-8 (ages 7–15). There is no high school in the neighborhood, but due to good public transport students can easily reach numerous high schools in Belgrade (most popular choices are Fourth and Twelfth College-Preparatory High Schools, which are the closest). Terazije Terazije ( Serbian Cyrillic : Теразијe ) is the central town square and

1443-471: Is a shopping area in an indoor passage that connects Terazije and the Square of Nikola Pašić. Originally, it was a location of Hotel "Pariz", which was built in 1870 and demolished in 1948 during the reconstruction of Terazije. Passage has been protected by the state as a "cultural property", though still under the "preliminary protection", and was nicknamed by the architects as the "belly button of Belgrade". It

1554-698: Is a small park next to the Banjica Sports Complex, covering 0.36 hectares (0.89 acres)). In 2011 a project of the revitalization of the Kaljavi potok was announced. The stream is already channeled and has a concrete bed, but it also receives waters from many local cesspits . It was envisioned as the green oasis between the trolleybus terminus in Banjica and the "Tehnogas" factory in Kanarevo Brdo, just 5 km (3.1 mi) from downtown Belgrade. The 800-metre-long (2,625 ft) section of

1665-424: Is one of the longest existing Vinčan settlement that has been discovered so far. It has well preserved houses, giving insight into the architecture and urbanism of the day. The largest Vinčan house discovered so far, covering 200 square metres (2,200 sq ft), was excavated here. The settlement had megarons, specialized economic structures, but also numerous smaller structures, like pantries, and silos. In 1964,

1776-421: Is part of the wider protected Spatial Cultural-Historical Unit of Stari Grad. Since the 1950s, the covered square was a quiet corner in sole downtown, with mini gardens and coffee shops and a popular destination of many Belgraders, but in the recent decades mainly lost that function. In 1959 a round plateau with the fountain and a bronze sculpture, called "Girl with the seashell", sculptured by Aleksandar Zarin ,

1887-583: The Athletics Federation of Serbia . The total area of the venue is 7,200 m (78,000 sq ft). Defense minister Dragan Šutanovac announced that the hall will be named "General Đukić Hall", after Svetomir Đukić , the founder of modern Olympism in Serbia. Works began in June 2012. Instead of being finished by the end of 2013, the construction dragged on for almost four years and the facility

1998-740: The Belgrade City Hall , while Novi Dvor hosts the Presidency of Serbia . Under the mayor Ljubomir Davidović , the Technical Administration of Belgrade Municipality organized architectural design competition for complete rearrangement of Terazije in March 1911. Stipulations included removal of the fountain. In the summer of 1911, the plan was developed, headed by the special commission constituted specifically for this purpose and headed by architect Édouard Léger. Most of

2109-645: The Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes . On the other side of the square was a Renaissance-style administrative building that hosted the offices of the Terazije Quarter. At the corner, there was the "Todorović" delicatessen , later replaced with the Igumanov's Palace  [ sr ] . One of the oldest kafanas in Belgrade, "Šiškova Kafana", was also on this side of Terazije. Gathering place of

2220-611: The Knez Mihailova Street , which extends to the northeast connecting directly Terazije and Belgrade Fortress , the square is one of the oldest and most recognizable ambience units of Belgrade. Due to its historical and cultural importance, Terazije was declared a protected spatial cultural-historical unit in January 2020. Despite the fact that many Belgraders consider the Republic Square or Kalemegdan to be

2331-508: The Liberas , the one-storey building had a garden, offered newspapers and was known for political debates. It was later demolished and replaced with cinema "Beograd". Close to it was a string of other kafanas : "Takovo", considered quite a distinguished venue, "Pariz" and "Uroševa Pivnica". The "Pariz" was a gathering place for the People's Radical Party members, while the "Uroševa Pivnica" was

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2442-535: The Palace Albanija , which was finished in 1939. Starting in 1859, Atanasije Nikolić , educator and agriculturist, planted a number of chestnut trees on Terazije, in the process of making Belgrade greener, where Nikolić, as an engineer and an urbanist, was also charged with arranging the Košutnjak and Topčider parks, and avenues along Terazije and Topčider Road , and other streets. He grew seedlings in

2553-465: The internment camp at Neusiedl am See . The neighborhood was damaged during the World War I, especially during the heavy Austro-Hungarian bombardment in 1914–1915, prior to occupation. Terazije was described as desolate, empty and destroyed by the grenades. The ground cracked, underground canals collapsed, and the surrounding buildings were demolished. Serbian army had no proper ammunition to fight

2664-474: The "Balkan", which adjoined the fountain. It included house and the "Velika Srbija" inn. The "Velika Srbija" was known for good food and wine, and was demolished and replaced by the Hotel Moskva by 30 January 1908. Around it, there were several small shops and grocery stores. Further away was the "Viktorović" pharmacy, with distinction of being demolished in the bombings in both World Wars. Close to it were

2775-478: The 1920s, were illegally selling goods of the ox carts on and around Terazije. It was one of the reasons for city administration to build a large Zeleni Venac farmers market , on Zeleni Venac, below Terazije. Also despite being the sole center of the city, some areas evaded urbanization until the late 1930s, like the Kuzmanović Yard. This was period of building various highrise buildings ("palaces"). At No. 10,

2886-407: The 3.5 m (11 ft) tall sculptural composition is being recreated by the sculptor Zoran Kuzmanović. Some 60% of the original Dolinar's sculpture survived and Kuzmanović used it for reconstruction. Originally placed on the roof in January 1939 and demolished in 1950, the restored sculpture was returned to its place on 22 April 2021. Pedestrian underground passage, with commercial facilities,

2997-655: The Austrian gunboats , so they freely fired at the city from the Sava river. Resident Slavka Mihajlović wrote: "Terazije were completely dug up by the projectiles. Covered in mounds of cobblestone and concrete. Chestnut trees were laying on the ground, uprooted by the shelling. Not a living soul anywhere, like the town has died". Austro-Hungarian army temporarily entered Belgrade, from 3 to 14 December 1914. Already on 4 December they erected gallows on Terazije for hanging civilians. Despite complete urbanization, local farmers, up to

3108-541: The Belgrade Fortress, and allowed the charge which liberated the wider area surrounding the Belgrade Main railway station , so just one day later the entire Belgrade was liberated. Modern appearance of Terazije is mostly set after 1947. City's main urbanist, Nikola Dobrović , in order to adapt the square for the May 1st military parade, demolished almost everything on the ground level, including all of

3219-624: The Belgrade Fortress, while the short-lived fountain was ultimately built. Načić designed the triumphal arch which was placed in Terazije in order to celebrate Serbian soldiers from the Balkan Wars 1912–1913. She placed an inscription "Not all Serbs are liberated" on the arch, pointing to the position of the Serbs in Austria-Hungary . During the occupation in World War I, Austro-Hungarian authorities arrested Načić and expelled her to

3330-624: The Habsburg Monarchy, including Karađorđe Petrović , leader of the First Serbian Uprising. Only a few commanders Miloš Obrenović , Stanoje Glavaš etc. remained in Serbia trying by one specific diplomatic way to protect and share the destiny of the local people. Miloš Obrenović surrendered to the Ottoman Turks and received the title of " obor-knez " ("senior leader"). Stanoje Glavaš also surrendered to

3441-673: The Ottoman Empire. Miloš Obrenović received the title of Prince of Serbia . Although the principality paid a yearly tax to the Porte and had a garrison of Ottoman troops in Belgrade until 1867, it was, in most other matters, an independent state. Under the grandson of Miloš's brother, Milan , Serbia gained formal independence in 1878 under the Treaty of Berlin . In 1817, Miloš Obrenović succeeded in forcing Marashli Ali Pasha to negotiate an unwritten agreement, an act which effectively ended

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3552-699: The Ottomans out of the Pashalik of Belgrade . In mid-1815, the first negotiations began between Miloš Obrenović and Marashli Ali Pasha , the Ottoman governor. Miloš Obrenović got a form of partial autonomy for Serbs, and, in 1816, the Turkish Porte signed several documents for the normalization of relations between Serbs and Turks. The result was the acknowledgment of the Principality of Serbia by

3663-701: The Second Serbian uprising. The same year, Karađorđe, the leader of the First Uprising, returned to Serbia and was assassinated. Participants This section will list every participant of the Second Serbian Uprising by district, as well as their place of residence. Every name listed here is taken from the book Popis ustanika iz 1815. godine by Dragoje Todorović. This list will be updated to include more districts and names over time. Belgrade district: Serbia's semi-independence

3774-702: The Serbs, such as high taxation, forced labor, and rape. In March 1815, Serbs had several meetings and decided upon a new revolt. The meeting in Takovo proclaimed open revolt against the Ottoman Empire on 23 April 1815. Miloš Obrenović was chosen as the leader and famously spoke, "Evo mene, evo vas. Rat Turcima!" ("Here I am, here you are. War to the Turks!"). When the Ottomans discovered the new revolt they sentenced all of its leaders to death. The Serbs fought in battles at Rudnik, Ljubić , Palež , Valjevo, Čačak, Karanovac, Požarevac , Kragujevac, Jagodina, and Dublje and drove

3885-579: The Terazije Fountain is today (roughly at the small square between the [hotels] Balkan and Moskva; second was where the Ruski car Tavern is; and the third was where kafana Grčka Kraljica is now. The tallest of the three was the one at Terazije. That tower, beside its height, also stood on the spacious clearance, away from the surrounding houses and was taller than any of the neighboring buildings. All those towers were called "water terazije " by

3996-604: The Terazije Tunnel will be dug beneath it. Deemed "impressive" for its period and a "bald step towards the international architecture", it refreshed the grey urbanity of the socialist city and paved way for the future modernist buildings of the 1950s, like the Hotel Metropol . In 1950, the sculptural group by Lojze Dolinar , which represented merchant Sima Igumanov , his prematurely died son and youth from South Serbia, popularly known as Sima Igumanov and orphans,

4107-459: The Terazije protected area are somewhat reduced: Čumićeva, Nušićeva, Dečanska, Nikola Pašić Square, Kneza Miloša , Andrićev Venac, Dobrinjska, Kraljice Natalije, Sremska. Both definitions excluded the most prominent Terazije feature, Palace Albanija. As the central and one of the most famous squares in Belgrade, it is the location of many famous Belgrade buildings. The most important hotels, restaurants and shops are or were located here. Bezistan

4218-436: The Turks and was made a supervisor of a road, but the Turks killed him after they became suspicious of him. Hadži Prodan Gligorijević knew the Turks would arrest him and so declared an uprising in 1814, but Obrenović felt the time was not right for an uprising and did not provide assistance. Hadži Prodan's Uprising soon failed and he fled to Austria. After the failure of this revolt, the Turks inflicted more persecution against

4329-565: The Turks. Because of that, the entire neighborhood of the new section of Belgrade, especially the one between the Stari Dvor and close to the Stambol Gate , is today called Terazije". For the word itself, it literally means "[water] scales", more commonly known as "water balances" or su terazisi . But the tower-like structures were more than just scales - they were maintaining water pressure when conveying water to neighbourhoods at

4440-462: The World War II, when Belgrade was administratively reorganized from districts ( raions ) into the municipalities in 1952, Terazije had its own municipality with the population of 17,858 in 1953. However, already on 1 January 1957 the municipality was dissolved and divided between the municipalities of Vračar and Stari Grad. Population of the modern local community ( mesna zajednica ) of Terazije

4551-530: The Zeleni Venac area. Zeleni Venac is built in the area that was previously part of the trench which surrounded the Belgrade Fortress in the 18th century. When the trench was covered, a pond was formed, partially filled by the stream from Terazije. Today's central city square turned into the bog filled in sludge and covered with overgrowth. Local population visited the pond hunting for ducks. It

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4662-530: The access section of the Čumić Alley. Second Serbian Uprising Strategic Serbian victory; Second Serbian Uprising : The Second Serbian Uprising ( Serbian : Други српски устанак / Drugi srpski ustanak , Turkish : İkinci Sırp Ayaklanması ) was the second phase of the Serbian Revolution against the Ottoman Empire , which erupted shortly after the re-annexation of

4773-581: The area became known as the Kuzmanović Alley, or Kuzmanović Yard. Initially, quite a successful business area, by the 1930s the shops went bankrupt and were closed. The alley was transformed into an informal settlement . In the reprint of its article from 13 March 1937, daily Politika writes about the city's decision to tear down the Kuzmanović Yard: It seems that another disgrace will disappear from Belgrade, but much larger and more dangerous for

4884-460: The city are 42, 47, 48, 50, 59, 78, 94, trolleybus lines are 40 and 41, tram lines are 9, 10 and 14. The public transport station near the school is also the place where people living in nearby villages switch from their local buses (400(seasonal), 401, 402, 403, 405, 406, 407 and 408) to the above-mentioned lines toward the city. In 2011 an initiative was started for building the first athletics hall in Serbia which, apart from organizing competitions,

4995-710: The city's centerpiece areas, Terazije is Belgrade's designated center. When street numbers are assigned to the streets of Belgrade, numeration begins from the part of the street closest to Terazije. Terazije itself is also a short street, connected by the King Milan Street, the main street in Belgrade, to the Slavija square, by the Nikola Pašić Square to the King Alexander Boulevard , the longest street in Belgrade, by Prizrenska street to

5106-463: The club organized dance competitions for participants from the entire Yugoslavia. Band Zana was promoted for the first time here, while band Aska practiced its choreography for their performance at the 1982 Eurovision song contest . The venue was closed in 1989. Bezistan covers an area of 13,667 m (147,110 sq ft). The major feature within Bezistan was the "Kozara" cinema, one of

5217-414: The coach one day, prince asked Živković to whom belongs one of the lots without the fence. Živković replied it was his, but the prince said: Well, now it's not yours anymore, when you failed to fence it all this time. Politician and a businessman Stojan Simić , member of the influential Simić family , purchased the lot at the end of Terazije in the late 1830s. It was a piece of marshland which encompassed

5328-591: The country to the Ottoman Empire in 1813. The occupation was enforced following the defeat of the First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813), during which Serbia existed as a de facto independent state for over a decade. The second revolution ultimately resulted in Serbian semi-independence from the Ottoman Empire. The Principality of Serbia was established, governed by its own parliament, constitution and royal dynasty. De jure independence, however,

5439-544: The elite shopping locations in Belgrade, with numerous cafés, galleries and clubs in addition. It is also the shortest passage between the squares of the Republic and of Nikola Pašić. The entire alley complex, designed by architect Milutin Gec, was finished in 1991. By the late 1990s, when other shopping malls started to open around the city, the decline of Čumić began. By 2010, the district was almost completely abandoned, becoming

5550-580: The end of the Second Serbian Uprising in 1815. In 1903 Banjica was the location of the military parade made for coronation of king Petar I Karađorđević of Serbia . At the beginning of the 20th century, location of the Belgrade hippodrome was moved from the neighborhood of Marinkova Bara to Banjica. There, the First Serbian derby was held. Near the location of modern VMA, in the beginning of 1912, first wooden airplane hangar

5661-487: The first half of the 19th century. In the 1840s, Serbian ruling prince Miloš Obrenović wanted to resettle Serbian population from the old moated town where they had been mixed with the Turkish inhabitants, and from the neighborhood of Savamala on the bank of the Sava river in order to modernize it. He ordered Serbian craftsmen, especially blacksmiths , cartwrights and coppersmiths , to build their houses and shops on

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5772-588: The first reconstruction of the square in 1911, the chestnut avenue was cut, while the česma was moved to Topčider in 1912. In 1860, construction of the Palace with Towers, next to the Old Konak began. It was intended to be the palace of the heir apparent prince Mihailo Obrenović . The prince never used it, residing mostly in the Little Palace which he built next to the Old Konak, while his court hosted

5883-424: The flower beds and the other urban ornaments, so as the fountain. The wooden cobbles were removed and two separate traffic lanes were molded into connected carriageways and the adjoining Nušićeva Street was closed for traffic from the Terazije direction. After 1948 the main square in Belgrade was narrowed, double tram tracks from both sides were removed and a number of modernist buildings were constructed, forming

5994-522: The fountain on the square which would include the monument to victory. The ideas came after the Balkan Wars and were triggered by the ceremonial entry of the Serbian army in Belgrade after the war ended, and the construction of the Karađorđe monument in Kalemegdan. Due to World War I which ensued shortly after, the decisions weren't fully implemented: the name wasn't changed, the monument was relocated to

6105-420: The hanged victims, marking the 224th anniversary of Prince Eugene of Savoy taking Belgrade in 1717 . A monument to commemorate the crime was erected in 1981 by the city. Titled "Monument to the hanged patriots" and sculptured by Nikola Janković, the obelisk-shaped monument is 4 m (13 ft) tall with a diameter of 80 cm (31 in). It is posted on the marble pedestal and has carvings representing

6216-484: The health and lives of the people than that eyesore that "Albania" was. A row of shacks and hovels in "Kuzmanović yard", which altogether cover an area of 4.000 m2 between the streets of Dečanska, Pašićeva nad Kolarčeva, will disappear. Belgrade municipality sent its commission yesterday to check the condition of the "Kuzmanović yard". The commission established that the shanties and burrows are prone to collapse any minute and that it will advocate for them to be demolished, in

6327-690: The heavy "Easter bombing" of Belgrade by the Allies on 16 April 1944. The palace was fiercely defended by the Germans during the 1944 Belgrade Offensive against the Red Army and Yugoslav Partisan forces. In the evening of 19 October 1944, a Partisan soldier Mladen Petrović placed the Yugoslav flag with red star on the top of the building. Taking over the building opened the way for the Partisan army to

6438-403: The house of Lazar Arsenijević Batalaka and kafana "Kod Dva Tigra". Disreputable at the time, it was later replaced with the Palace Atina  [ sr ] building and the famous 1970s and 1980s "Atina" restaurant. A bit away was the Krsmanović House , or later known as the Protocol Building. Purchased by the Krsmanović brothers, it was the location of the 1918 unification proclamation of

6549-415: The inspection closed the area, but the investor removed the protection and continued with works. Before he was stopped, he removed almost 200 cubic metres (7,100 cu ft) of archaeological layers, or some 15 years of research. Ceramics, animal bones, bone, stone and horn tools, remains of the houses, furnaces and fireplaces ended up scattered over the locality. The damage was done by the construction of

6660-443: The interest of health and lives of the tenants . The shantytown was demolished by 1940. The alley was later renamed Čumićevo Sokače ("Čumić Alley") after a politician Aćim Čumić , former mayor of Belgrade and prime minister of Serbia. In 1989, the first modern shopping mall (concurrently with the Staklenac on the Republic Square) in Belgrade was opened in Čumić Alley, colloquially shortened only to Čumić. It soon became one of

6771-425: The last "scar" which divided city parts on the opposite sides of the trench, thus making Terazije one urban unit with the older part of the city. This prompted accelerated urbanization, not only of Terazije, but of the other neighborhoods outside of the old city limits. When the first horsecar was introduced in Belgrade, on 14 October 1892, the station was located in Terazije, next to the fountain. The Little Palace

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6882-403: The line from Terazije to Varoš Kapija and lifted the price to 3 groschen . Terazije Quarter was officially formed on 3 March 1860, so Terazije administratively became part of Belgrade, so as the other neighborhoods outside of the former trench. After the incident at the Čukur Fountain, Ottoman garrison withdrew from the Stambol Gate. The gate was demolished from 26 April to 31 May 1866, removing

6993-447: The locality was protected as the cultural monument . The locality was endangered in the 1990s by the construction in the neighborhood, but was preserved. Illegal construction in 2004 which threatened it, was stopped. In July 2022, an "unknown investor" without any permits, destroyed 84 square metres (900 sq ft) of the locality with construction machines, so as part of the surrounding protective green belt. After citizens reports,

7104-414: The location of the present square, an empty, inhabited area spreading in front of the Stambol Gate. Also, the move was intended to prevent the fires being lit all over the town and tone down the noise made by these specific types of artisans. However, the craftsmen and artisans refused to relocate, especially the residents of Savamala as prince Miloš planned to relocate them even further than Terazije, to

7215-415: The lot within the Military Academy 's barracks of "General Jovan Mišković". The lot is located in the northern part of the Byford's Forest (formerly, Banjica Forest). In April 2012 it was announced that the hall will be finished by the end of 2013. The military would also use the hall, as a training facility for the cadets and students of the academy. The project of the "Centroprojekt" company was compliant to

7326-459: The ministries of interior and foreign affairs. The building was designed by Kosta Šrepalović. On 24 May 1860, privately owned predecessor of the public transport in Belgrade was organized. The omnibus line was operated by the diligences . Its starting point was in Terazije, at the kafana "Kod Zlatnog Venca", and connected it to Topčider . The enterprise wasn't much lucrative so the owner Luka Jakovljević sold it in 1861 to Milan Tešić, who expanded

7437-405: The modern features of Stari dvor , Pioneers Park and Park Aleksandrov . By the summer of 1840, he drained the marsh, filled and leveled the terrain and on the northern side of the modern Kralja Milana street built a luxurious mansion from 1840 to 1842. The edifice became known as the Old Konak . Development of the first Serbian royal compound began in 1843, when the state leased the mansion, with

7548-486: The most popular in Belgrade for decades. It was closed in 2003, purchased by Croatian tycoon Ivica Todorić and allegedly planned as a supermarket for Todorić's Serbian brand "Idea" before it was destroyed by fire on 25 May 2012 It has been left in that condition ever since. Bezistan had candy and souvenir shops on one side, and modernistic section on other side, with McDonald's restaurant, modern coffee shop and "Reiffeisen bank", but as of 2018 it looks like nothing more than

7659-413: The name Terazije, the historian and writer Milan Đ. Milićević wrote: "In order to supply Belgrade with water, the Turks built towers at intervals along the đeriza or an aqueduct , a water supply system which brought water in from the springs at Veliki Mokri Lug . The water was piped up into the towers for the purpose of increasing the pressure, in order to carry it further. Those towers were: one, where

7770-400: The neighborhood of Zeleni Venac and further to New Belgrade , and by the Kolarčeva street to the Square of the Republic . The neighborhood also borders Andrićev Venac and Pioneers Park on the southeast, Park Aleksandrov on the south and neighborhood of Varoš Kapija on the west. A small, covered square of Bezistan connects it to the Nikola Pašić Square. With regard to the origin of

7881-425: The neutral countries protested because of these public hangings, so in the end the Austrians moved dead bodies to the Belgrade New Cemetery . Due to the history of this type of executions, the phrase "hanging at Terazije" entered the Serbian language. It can be variously used in different context: as a threat, offering self-sacrifice or protesting one's innocence. The square and the Palace Albania were hit during

7992-477: The nursery garden he personally established in Topčider during the 1830s, when he arranged the park. The chestnut avenue in Terazije was planted in double rows. Up to about 1865, the buildings at Terazije were mainly single and double-storied. The water tower was removed in 1860 and replaced by the drinking fountain, "Terazijska česma", which was erected in to celebrate the second rule of Prince Miloš Obrenović. During

8103-587: The occupiers, a military commander of Serbia Heinrich Danckelmann and the head of the Belgrade Gestapo Carl Krauss ordered a killing of five Serbs on Terazije. The executed victims were Velimir Jovanović (b.1893) and Ratko Jević (b. 1913), farmers, Svetislav Milin (b. 1915), a shoemaker, Jovan Janković (b.1920), a tailor, and Milorad Pokrajac (b. 1924), a high school student, only 17 years old. They were arrested, accused of alleged terrorist activities and brutally tortured before being shot in

8214-513: The only work that has been done was the reconstruction of the plateau and the fountain in 2011. A popular disco club "Bezistan" was opened in the 1980s. It was located in the basement of the venue which was later adapted into the McDonald restaurant. It was different from other discos of the era, and was the only "dancing club" in the city. When the popularity of the Italo disco reached Belgrade,

8325-495: The period say that some citizens calmly paid respect, but others gathered, with parents bringing children and professors their students, showing to them what the "new German culture" actually looks like. As the hanging was announced by the Germans in the press, and the news and photos were published, the bodies were removed on the evening of the same day. On the same day, a procession of the Volksdeutsche units marched next to

8436-413: The provisions envisioned by the project were built: new wide paved sidewalks, formation of the square, a fountain, change in tram tracks for better and faster traffic and removal of the public pissoirs . A monument to Dositej Obradović , which was projected, was erected in a different neighborhood. The changes in 1911–1913 were significant and the square was completely re-arranged. With Léger, major work

8547-413: The reports of further deterioration of the ceiling in January 2021, city announced that Bezistan will not be renovated in 2021 either, even though it became part of the Terazije protected area in January 2020. In the early 20th century, a section behind the main square became a hub of commercial and craft shops. After the owner of the lot, quite big for the central urban zone of the city, Živko Kuzmanović,

8658-493: The scenes of the hanging and commemorative lyrics by the poet Vasko Popa . In 1983 a memorial bronze plaque, work of Slave Ajtoski, was added. It contains names of the victims and an epitaph : "To freedom fighters who were hanged by the Fascist occupiers in Terazije on 17 August 1941", signed by "citizens of Belgrade". The plaque got damaged in time and was removed in 2008, during the reconstruction of Terazije, for restoration. It

8769-410: The square and the surrounding area of 23 ha (57 acres) was placed under the state protection as the spatial cultural-historical unit. Terazije quarter had a population of 6,333 by the 1883 census of population. According to the further censuses, the population of Terazije was 5,273 in 1890, 6,074 in 1895, 6,494 in 1900, 6,260 in 1905, 9,049 in 1910 and 7,038 in 1921. For a short period after

8880-410: The standards of IAAF . The project includes 4 round (200 m (660 ft)) and 8 sprint tracks (60 m (200 ft)), sections for the long jump , high jump , pole vault , triple jump and shot put . Under the stands, which have 1,000 seats, numerous premises were planned, including the anti-doping facility, ambulance, gym, etc. Administrative section of the building will become the seat of

8991-439: The stream of Jelezovac potok , a tributary to the Kaljavi potok . As of 2017, nothing from the entire project has been done. Findings of the ancient Vinča culture such as figurines or the oval terracotta with meander art and Old European inscriptions place civilized human activity in Banjica to 7,000 years ago. The Usek locality has been surveyed in 1955-1957, 1978 and 1998. With continuous habitation from 5200 to 4600 BCE, it

9102-441: The stream was projected as the history and nature reserve as it was to include the remnants of the paleolithic site, pedestrian and bicycle paths, trim trail , a series of small bridges over the stream, three natural springs, limestone above-the-ground formations and the habitat of 20 species of rare birds, not usually find in the urbanized areas. The entire revitalized area was projected at 8 ha (20 acres) and should comprise

9213-428: The supporting wall, 12 metres (39 ft) long and 2.6 metres (8 ft 6 in) tall, made of reinforced concrete , and the archaeologists consider it irreparable. The name of the neighborhood comes from the Serbian word banja , meaning spa , thus it can be translated as the "small spa". Banjica used to be a suburban village, inhabited in the early 19th century by migrants from southeastern Serbia who came after

9324-402: The surrounding forest, rearranged forest paths, outdoor gym , children playgrounds and gazebos. The illegally built houses, fences, gardens and sewage drains along the stream were to be demolished. It was supposed to be the starting phase of the creation of the "green-blue corridors", the network of arranged forest and water sections all over the city, and the next project was already slated to be

9435-416: The surrounding garden, as the court for the ruling prince Alexander Karađorđević . As the royal family now moved into the neighborhood, first regulatory plan for Terazije, which envisioned it as the new commercial and business center of Belgrade, was drafted in 1843. The idea for the monument to Karađorđe , leader of the First Serbian Uprising from 1804 to 1813, appeared in 1853 and the proposed location

9546-436: The surrounding neighborhood of Belgrade , Serbia. It is located in the municipality of Stari Grad . Today, Terazije has primarily function of the main transit square, surrounded by the important public buildings, cultural institutions, hotels, public monuments and parks. Though not classically shaped square, Terazije was historically important as the gathering spot and the former business and commercial center of Belgrade. With

9657-406: The then distant village of Palilula , "behind God's back". The prince resorted to violence. He gathered his henchmen and thugs and sent them to Savamala in 1835. As the settlement was still just a shanty town, with houses made of rotten wood and mud, all the houses were demolished in one day, without any demolition equipment. Additionally, the ustabasha , chief of the cartwright and blacksmith guild,

9768-652: The west, Banjica extends into the elite neighborhood of Dedinje while the eastern side is covered by the Banjica forest , a long narrow belt of deciduous woodland along the Boulevard of Liberation, which used to separate Banjica from the neighborhoods of Voždovac and Trošarina . Nowadays those neighborhoods are connected to Banjica. There are two forests in the neighborhood. Banjica hill ( Banjički vis , Savski Venac, 1.96 hectares (4.8 acres)), and Banjica Forest ( Banjička šuma , Voždovac, 39.61 hectares (97.9 acres)). There

9879-514: The yard of the Gestapo headquarters. The entire ordeal happened on 17 August 1941. Their corpses were then hanged on the light poles on Terazije. For a long time, it was claimed that bodies were left for days, while the Belgraders were "sitting in restaurants and drinking cold beer". Historian Milan Koljanin wrote that this was a negative stereotype pushed for a decades. Police reports from

9990-429: Was "Zlatna Slavina" inn, frequently visited by the journalists and writers, adjoined by the bookstore and publishing house. The old hotel "Balkan" with one floor leaned on it. A bit protruding was the bakery ("bread shop") famous at the time for its products (egg burek , various kifli , pogačice , hot kaymak lepinjas ). In May 1904, the insurance company "Rusija" purchased the estate of Nikola Vuković across

10101-426: Was 5,033 in 1981, 4,373 in 1991 and 3,338 in 2002. Municipality of Stari Grad later abolished local communities. Borders of the Terazije local community were streets: Dečanska, Nikola Pašić Square, Kneza Miloša , Kraljice Natalije, Sremska, Kolarčeva and Makedonska. That way it encompassed Andrićev Venac , Pioneers Park , Park Aleksandrov , London , Terazije Terrace and part of historical Savamala . Borders of

10212-592: Was Terazije First official proposal came in 1857, from Toma Vučić-Perišić , one of the leaders of the Defenders of the Constitution . Though Ottoman administration over Serbia was limited at the time, it was still strong enough to prevent building of the monument. They couldn't allow a memorial to the bitter enemy of their empire. After the Saint Andrew's Day Assembly in 1858–1859, dethroned Miloš Obrenović

10323-454: Was a narrow extension of the square in this area, in the direction of the goldsmith Mihailo P. Petković's store, where the row of fiakers was usually parked. The Old Konak was demolished in 1904, while the Palace with Towers was torn down in 1911. Its demolition made space for the planned Novi Dvor . The foundation stone was laid in 1911. However, due to the ensuing strings of wars, it was completed only in 1922. Today, Stari Dvor serves as

10434-468: Was always a possibility for the city to demolish it and go with its plan. In May 2020 city reiterated that it will not demolish it, but due to the ownership issues, lack of paperwork, plans and designs, and COVID-19 pandemic , the reconstruction was moved for 2021. Nothing has been done by August 2022, when the reconstruction of the upper section of the Nušićeva Street was announced, which should include

10545-458: Was attained in 1878, following the decisions of the Congress of Berlin . The First Serbian Uprising liberated the country for a significant time (1804–1813) from the Ottoman Empire ; for the first time in three centuries, Serbs governed themselves without the supremacy of the Ottoman Empire or Habsburg Austria . After the failure of the First Serbian Uprising 1813, most commanders escaped to

10656-465: Was built, with several toy and slipper stores covered with roller shutters ( ćepenak ) at the ground level. The upper floor was the seat of the "Zvezda" monthly magazine, edited by Janko Veselinović . The "Zlatni Krst" kafana was built next to it, today replaced with the highrise built in the 1960s. There was also an "Albanez" inn, sort of students' mess hall , as its clientele were mostly high and middle school students, and their professors. Next to it

10767-416: Was built. A webbed roof, shaped like a semi-opened dome, made of concrete and projected by Vladeta Maksimović, was constructed to cover the plateau and the fountain. Because of that feature, and a small shops located in it, it was named "Bezistan", though it never functioned as the bezistan in its true, oriental sense of the term. Revitalization and reconstruction was projected for the second half of 2008, but

10878-712: Was built. Two years later, when the World War I broke, Banjica was the base where an airplane squadron and the balloon company of the Serbian Air Force were stationed. Until World War II Banjica remained a quiet village with most of its population employed in crop production to support the growing agricultural demands of Belgrade. During the World War II Banjica was also a place where the German forces together with their Serbian collaborators ran

10989-413: Was ceremonially open on 1 March 2016 with the inaugural issue of the international athletics meeting "Serbia Open". The venue hasn't been named after General Đukić and, as of September 2017, it still has no official name. There is a small (by western standards) shopping mall next to the school, and a well-stocked green market up the hill, where people bring fresh grocery goods from afar. The school's name

11100-475: Was demolished in April and May 1881 to make way for the Stari Dvor . Designed by Aleksandar Bugarski , it was built on the orders by the prince, later king Milan Obrenović . The foundation stone was laid on 23 June 1881 and the building was finished by 1883. By the turn of the century, the square formed with an "egg-shaped" base, where the Palace Albanija is today. Near this base, a low, yellow house

11211-550: Was done by the architects Veselin Lučić, who designed the project, and Jelisaveta Načić . Along the central part of the square regular flower beds were placed, surrounded by a low iron fence. Refurbishment included artistic candelabra, public three-faced clock, a special kiosk in the Serbian-Byzantine style, circle bars for the protection of the trees in the avenue and granite curbs. On the side towards today's Nušićeva street

11322-429: Was dug under Terazije in 1967, connecting Iguman's Palace with Hotel Moskva. Another underground passage, connecting Hotel Balkan and Palace Albanija, envisioned as an underground shopping mall, was finished in 1968. Terazije Tunnel, for traffic, was opened on 4 December 1970. On 12 December 1975, old Terazije Fountain was relocated from Topčider back to the square, and placed at its present location. On 25 January 2020,

11433-584: Was leading through the gate into the city and across the moat. Also, the existence of the water tower, with drinking fountain, helped the area to become sort of the "parking lot" in front of the city entrance. After the collapse of the First Serbian Uprising , the Ottomans regained Belgrade in October 1813, and their vanguards burned wooden hovels in Savamala neighborhood. When the main Ottoman army landed,

11544-485: Was one of the first public buildings in Belgrade after World War II projected outside of the Socialist realism style, rather being a Modernist edifice. The building also has an imitation of a penthouse with a series of "ribbed bachelor apartments ". Brkić had to follow two rules: the building was not to be higher than 8 storeys, which was the height of the neighboring building, and he had to take into consideration that

11655-504: Was publicly beaten, receiving 25 hits. The artisans then agreed to relocate. Ilija Čarapić , the president of the Belgrade Municipality 1834–1835 and 1839–1840, had a special task of assigning the parcels in Terazije to these craftsmen and whoever accepted to fence the lot on his own, would have it for free. One of the lots was granted by prince Miloš to his favorite architect, Hadži Nikola Živković . Driving together in

11766-650: Was reaffirmed by a Ferman from the Porte in 1830, and in 1835, one of the first constitutions in the Balkans was written in the Principality of Serbia. It introduced the Serbian Parliament on the regular basis and established the Obrenović dynasty as the legal heir to the throne of Serbia. It also described Serbia as an independent parliamentary Principality, which outraged the Ottoman Empire and

11877-529: Was recorded that during the cold winters, wolves would reach the pond. The draining of the pond began in the 1830s, but the underground water from Terazije still soaks the land between Terazije and the Sava river. Being outside of the moat and the city walls at the time, it was considered "distant" by the citizens. As it was located in front of the Stambol Gate and close to the Tsarigrad Road , some artisan shops and khans developed in time. The road

11988-588: Was removed from the roof of Igumanov's bequest, the Igumanov's Palace. It wasn't just taken down, but was smashed with hammers by the members of the League of Communist Youth of Yugoslavia . This made a way for the first neon commercial signage in 1958. A mobile advertisement for the Zagreb's Chromos Corporation, it was the first neon commercial sign in Belgrade. In February 2020, deputy mayor Goran Vеsić said that

12099-526: Was restored to power and the idea of erecting a monument to Karađorđe on Terazije was abandoned. The "Kasina" kafana and later hotel was built in 1858. It was named as the gambling was organized for the VIP members (female variant of the word casino ). Clientele originally included members of the Serbian Progressive Party . National Assembly of Serbia was seated in the venue's hall for

12210-457: Was returned on 28 May 2011. Terazije, as the central city square, was also used as the hanging location by the previous occupiers, too. During World War I, the Austrians hanged at Terazije citizens who didn't obey the curfew . However, this resulted in incidents, where drunk Austrian soldiers would pull or drag the bodies of the hanged ones, so the bodies and the gallows were removed. Also,

12321-669: Was to serve for training of the national athletes. First location was on New Belgrade (at the end of the Blokovi neighborhood) and then on Košutnjak , within the scopes of the Institute for sports. Projects were drafted for both locations, funding was provided through the National Investment Plan (NIP), but since none of the projects took off, the funds were returned to NIP. In 2012, the Ministry of Defense donated

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