83-531: Baskin-Robbins is an American multinational chain of ice cream and cake specialty shops owned by Inspire Brands . Baskin-Robbins was founded in 1945 by Burt Baskin and Irv Robbins in Glendale, California . Its headquarters are in Canton, Massachusetts , and shared with sibling brand Dunkin' Donuts . It is the world's largest chain of ice cream specialty stores, with more than 8,000 locations. The company
166-697: A 7% stake. It incorporated as DoorDash in June 2013. In December 2018, DoorDash overtook Uber Eats to hold the second position in total US food delivery sales, behind GrubHub . By March 2019, it had exceeded GrubHub in total sales, at 27.6% of the on-demand delivery market. By early 2019, DoorDash was the largest food delivery provider in the U.S., as measured by consumer spending. It maintained that market position in 2019. In October 2019, DoorDash opened its first ghost kitchen , DoorDash Kitchen, in Redwood City, California , with four restaurants operating at
249-473: A Cellar where no Sun or Light comes, it will be froze in four Hours, but it may stand longer; then take it out just as you use it; hold it in your Hand and it will slip out. When you wou'd freeze any Sort of Fruit, either Cherries, Raspberries, Currants, or Strawberries, fill your Tin-Pots with the Fruit, but as hollow as you can; put to them Lemmonade, made with Spring-Water and Lemmon-Juice sweeten'd; put enough in
332-731: A contract with the Regent's Canal Company . By 1860, he expanded the business and began importing ice on a large scale from Norway . In New Zealand, a newspaper advertisement for ice cream appeared in 1866, claiming to be the first time ice cream was available in Wellington . Commercial manufacturing was underway in 1875. Ice cream rapidly gained in popularity in New Zealand throughout the 20th century. By 2018, exported ice cream products included new flavors such as matcha to cater specifically to Asian markets. Agnes Marshall, regarded as
415-749: A cookbook devoted entirely to recipes for flavoured ices and ice cream. In 1769 Domenico Negri, an Italian confectioner, founded a business in Berkeley Square London which would become famous for its ice creams. His shop was at the Sign of the Pineapple (an emblem used by confectioners) and his trade card said he sold "All Sorts of English, French and Italian wet and dry'd Sweet Meats, Cedrati and Bergamot Chips, Naples Diavoloni, All sorts of Baskets & Cakes, fine and Common Sugar plums", but most importantly, "all Sorts of Ice, Fruits and creams in
498-580: A fee for listing. This aspect of DoorDash's business practice is illegal in California. In August 2022, DoorDash announced it would end its partnership with Walmart in September, ending the companies' cooperation agreement from 2018. In late November 2022, DoorDash announced plans to lay off 1,250 corporate employees, or about six percent of their workforce. This was to rein in expenses. In June 2023, DoorDash announced it would give its drivers
581-432: A few seconds; a similar technique, advocated by Heston Blumenthal as ideal for home cooks, is to add dry ice to the mixture while stirring for a few minutes. Some ice cream recipes call for making a custard, folding in whipped cream, and immediately freezing the mixture. Another method is to use a pre-frozen solution of salt and water, which gradually melts as the ice cream freezes. An unusual method of making ice cream
664-607: A flavoured cream base and liquid nitrogen together. The result is a smooth, semi-solid foam that is solid at very low temperatures (below 2 °C or 35 °F). It becomes more malleable as its temperature increases. Ice cream may be served in dishes, eaten with a spoon, or licked from edible wafer ice cream cones held by the hands as finger food . Ice cream may be served with other desserts—such as cake or pie —or used as an ingredient in cold dishes—like ice cream floats , sundaes , milkshakes , and ice cream cakes —or in baked items such as Baked Alaska . Italian ice cream
747-403: A handle attached to the lid). In the pot-freezer method, the temperature of the ingredients is reduced by the mixture of crushed ice and salt. The salt water is cooled by the ice, and the action of the salt on the ice causes it to (partially) melt, absorbing latent heat and bringing the mixture below the freezing point of pure water. The immersed container can also make better thermal contact with
830-737: A merchant from Chatham street, New York, show George Washington spending approximately $ 200 on ice cream in the summer of 1790. The same records show president Thomas Jefferson having an 18-step recipe for ice cream. Although it is incorrect that Jefferson introduced ice cream to America, as is popularly believed , he did help to introduce vanilla ice cream . First Lady Dolley Madison , wife of U.S. President James Madison , served ice cream at her husband's Inaugural Ball in 1813. Small-scale hand-cranked ice cream freezers were invented in England by Agnes Marshall and in America by Nancy Johnson in
913-653: A recipe for a specific type of ice cream, called "neige de fleur d'orange" . In 1686, Italian Francesco dei Coltelli opened an ice cream café in Paris, and the product became so popular that during the next 50 years, another 250 cafés opened in Paris. The first recipe in French for flavoured ices appears in 1674, in Nicholas Lemery 's Recueil de curiositéz rares et nouvelles de plus admirables effets de la nature . Recipes for sorbetti saw publication in
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#1732775887174996-525: A set amount for the order total, Doordash hides a portion of the tip until the delivery is complete. The strike occurred after DoorDash rewrote its code to cut off access to Para, a third-party app that drivers had been using to see the full tip amounts. In August 2021, the city of Chicago sued DoorDash and GrubHub . According to Chicago mayor Lori Lightfoot , the companies broke the law by using "unfair and deceptive tactics to take advantage of restaurants and consumers who were struggling to stay afloat during
1079-510: Is gelato . Frozen custard is a type of rich ice cream. Soft serve is softer and is often served at amusement parks and fast-food restaurants in the United States. Ice creams made from cow's milk alternatives, such as goat's or sheep's milk , or milk substitutes (e.g., soy , cashew , coconut , almond milk , or tofu ), are available for those who are lactose intolerant , allergic to dairy protein, or vegan . Banana "nice cream"
1162-475: Is a frozen dessert typically made from milk or cream that has been flavoured with a sweetener , either sugar or an alternative, and a spice , such as cocoa or vanilla , or with fruit, such as strawberries or peaches. Food colouring is sometimes added in addition to stabilizers . The mixture is cooled below the freezing point of water and stirred to incorporate air spaces and prevent detectable ice crystals from forming. It can also be made by whisking
1245-430: Is a 100% fruit-based vegan alternative. Frozen yoghurt , or "froyo", is similar to ice cream but uses yoghurt and can be lower in fat. Fruity sorbets or sherbets are not ice creams but are often available in ice cream shops. The meaning of the name ice cream varies from one country to another. In some countries, such as the United States, ice cream applies only to a specific variety, and most governments regulate
1328-657: Is based in Brisbane. Baskin Robbins opened in the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland in 2015 with a total of 8 shops. In 2019, an ad advertising a new ice cream flavor in South Korea, "Pink Star", featuring child model Ella Gross , sparked a controversy, with some internet users describing the ad as "overly sexualized". The company withdrew the ad and apologized to its customers. Ice cream Ice cream
1411-595: Is from 1744: "Among the rarities [...] was some fine ice cream, which, with the strawberries and milk, eat most deliciously." It was served by the lady of Governor Bland. Who brought ice cream to the United States first is unknown. Confectioners sold ice cream at their shops in New York and other cities during the colonial era. Benjamin Franklin , George Washington , and Thomas Jefferson were known to have regularly eaten and served ice cream. Records, kept by
1494-519: Is known for its "31 flavors" slogan, with the idea that a customer could have a different flavor every day of any month. The logo includes a stylized "31" formed from the letters "B" and "R". The slogan came from the Carson-Roberts advertising agency (which later merged into Ogilvy & Mather ) in 1953. The company has introduced more than 1,300 flavors since 1945, including the addition of vegan and non- dairy flavors in 2019. Baskin-Robbins
1577-588: Is often credited with introducing sorbet -style desserts to Italy after learning of them during his travels to China. According to a legend, the Italian duchess Catherine de' Medici is said to have introduced flavoured sorbet ices to France when she brought some Italian chefs with her to France upon marrying the Duke of Orléans ( Henry II of France ) in 1533. But in fact, no Italian chefs were present in France during
1660-578: Is rendered in blue. In August 2012, Dunkin' Brands became completely independent of the private equity firms. Baskin-Robbins struggled in the early years of the 2000s to retain business, but opened 36 new shops between 2013 and 2015. Many new Baskin-Robbins shops are co-branded with Dunkin' Donuts, including California's first co-branded location of the two in San Diego, which opened in March 2014. In 2014, Baskin-Robbins also began selling its ice cream for
1743-513: Is widely available in developed parts of the world. Ice cream can be purchased in large cartons (vats and squrounds ) from supermarkets and grocery stores, in smaller quantities from ice cream shops, convenience stores , and milk bars , and in individual servings from small carts or vans at public events. In 2015, the US produced nearly 900 million US gallons (3.4 × 10 L; 750,000,000 imp gal) of ice cream. Today, jobs specialize in
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#17327758871741826-540: The Catalogue des Marchandises rares... , edited in Montpellier by Jean Fargeon, listed a type of frozen sorbet. While the composition of this sorbet is not provided, Fargeon specified that it was consumed frozen using a container that was plunged into a mixture of ice and saltpetre. These sorbets were transported in pots made of clay and sold for three livres per pound. According to L'Isle des Hermaphrodites ,
1909-581: The American Prohibition , the soda fountain to some extent replaced the outlawed alcohol establishments such as bars and saloons. Ice cream became popular throughout the world in the second half of the 20th century after cheap refrigeration became common. There was an explosion of ice cream stores and of flavours and types. Vendors often competed on the basis of variety: Howard Johnson's restaurants advertised "a world of 28 flavors", and Baskin-Robbins made its 31 flavors ("one for every day of
1992-563: The COVID-19 pandemic partner with local ghost kitchen operators to offer food delivery- and pick-up-only service. In November 2020, DoorDash announced the opening of its first physical restaurant location, partnering up with Bay Area restaurant Burma Bites to offer delivery and pick-up orders. On December 9, 2020, the company became a public company via an initial public offering , raising $ 3.37 billion. In February 2021, 55% of DoorDash's drivers were women. In May 2021, DoorDash
2075-473: The COVID-19 pandemic , DoorDash announced it had "stockpiled tens of thousands of gloves and bottles of hand sanitizer" and was offering them to delivery drivers for free. The company also said it had changed the default drop-off option to contactless delivery. That month, DoorDash became the fastest-growing food delivery service. In October 2020, the company launched its "Reopen for Delivery" program to have brick-and-mortar restaurants that have closed due to
2158-473: The COVID-19 pandemic ." DoorDash and GrubHub denied the suit's merits. DoorDash has been accused of charging users of iPhone more than users on the Android platform. User testing claimed to show several instances of various fees and delivery charges being higher when using an Apple device. DoorDash denied these allegations in response to the ongoing US$ 1 billion class-action suit. In August 2023, DoorDash
2241-472: The District of Columbia , Canada, and Australia. In 2017, a class-action lawsuit was filed against DoorDash for allegedly misclassifying delivery drivers in California and Massachusetts as independent contractors. In 2022, a tentative settlement was reached in which DoorDash would pay $ 100 million total, with $ 61 million going to over 900,000 drivers, paying out just over $ 130 per driver, and $ 28 million for
2324-598: The Fortune 500 list in 2024, ranking #443. In late 2012, Stanford University students Tony Xu , Stanley Tang , Andy Fang and Evan Moore were getting feedback on a mobile app for small business owners when a macaroon store owner told them of her challenges meeting demand for deliveries. In January 2013, they launched PaloAltoDelivery.com in Palo Alto, California . In the summer of 2013, it received US$ 120,000 in seed money from Y Combinator in exchange for
2407-476: The coronavirus pandemic . The partnership with the NUL includes $ 12 million in funding to assist drivers of color in building job skills and financial literacy . DoorDash has partnered with Meals on Wheels to help deliver food to senior citizens. DoorDash has an algorithm that chooses the best delivery route automatically. DoorDash's delivery system can learn on its own, and change according to parameters such as
2490-498: The stabilizing agent gluten , to which some people have an intolerance . Recent awareness of this issue has prompted a number of manufacturers to start producing gluten-free ice cream. The 1980s saw thicker ice creams being sold as "premium" and "super-premium" varieties under brands such as Ben & Jerry's , Chocolate Shoppe Ice Cream Company and Häagen-Dazs . Ice cream is a colloidal emulsion made with water, ice, milk fat, milk protein, sugar and air. Water and fat have
2573-441: The "queen of ices" in England, did much to popularize ice cream recipes and make its consumption into a fashionable middle-class pursuit. She wrote four books: The Book of Ices (1885), Mrs. A.B. Marshall's Book of Cookery (1888), Mrs. A.B. Marshall's Larger Cookery Book of Extra Recipes (1891) and Fancy Ices (1894) and gave public lectures on cooking. She even suggested using liquid nitrogen to make ice cream. Ice cream soda
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2656-539: The 1694 edition of Antonio Latini's Lo Scalco alla Moderna (The Modern Steward). Recipes for flavoured ices begin to appear in François Massialot's Nouvelle Instruction pour les Confitures, les Liqueurs, et les Fruits , starting with the 1692 edition. Massialot's recipes result in a coarse, pebbly texture. Latini claims that the results of his recipes should have the fine consistency of sugar and snow. The first recorded mention of ice cream in England
2739-419: The 16th century, authors made reference to the refrigerant effect that happened when salt was added to ice, causing it to freeze. However, it was not until the latter part of the 17th century that sorbets and ice creams were made using this process. Ice cream's spread throughout Europe is sometimes attributed to Moorish traders, but more often Marco Polo . Though it is not mentioned in any of his writings, Polo
2822-579: The 1840s. In the Mediterranean, ice cream appears to have been accessible to ordinary people by the mid-18th century. Ice cream became popular and inexpensive in England in the mid-nineteenth century, when Swiss émigré Carlo Gatti set up the first stand outside Charing Cross station in 1851. He sold scoops in shells for one penny. Prior to this, ice cream was an expensive treat confined to those with access to an ice house. Gatti built an 'ice well' to store ice that he cut from Regent's Canal under
2905-537: The 1st-century includes recipes for sweet desserts that are sprinkled with snow, and there are Persian records from the second century for sweetened drinks chilled with ice. Kakigōri is a Japanese dessert made with ice and flavoured syrup. The origins of kakigōri date back to the Heian period in Japanese history, when blocks of ice saved during the colder months would be shaved and served with sweet syrup to
2988-475: The Classes of Physicians) concerning medicine in which Ibn Abu Usaybi’a attributes the process to an even older author, Ibn Bakhtawayhi, of whom nothing is known. Ice cream production became easier with the discovery of the endothermic effect. Prior to this, cream could be chilled easily but not frozen. It was the addition of salt that lowered the melting point of ice, which had the effect of drawing heat from
3071-619: The Ice very small; there will be some great Pieces, which lay at the Bottom and Top: You must have a Pail, and lay some Straw at the Bottom; then lay in your Ice, and put in amongst it a Pound of Bay-Salt; set in your Pots of Cream, and lay Ice and Salt between every Pot, that they may not touch; but the Ice must lie round them on every Side; lay a good deal of Ice on the Top, cover the Pail with Straw, set it in
3154-645: The Japanese aristocracy during the summer. Kakigōri 's origin is referred to in The Pillow Book , a book of observations written by Sei Shōnagon , who served the Imperial Court during the Heian period. The earliest known written process to artificially make ice is known not from culinary texts, but the 13th-century writings of Syrian historian Ibn Abu Usaybia in his book “Kitab Uyun al-anba fi tabaqat-al-atibba“ (Book of Sources of Information on
3237-544: The Medici period, and it is known that ice cream already existed in France before Catherine de Medici was born. One hundred years later, Charles I of England was reportedly so impressed by the "frozen snow" that he offered his own ice cream maker a lifetime pension in return for keeping the formula secret, so that ice cream could be a royal prerogative . There is no evidence to support these legends. As far back as 1665,
3320-582: The Philippines, Baskin-Robbins is known popularly as "31" or "31 ice cream". Baskin-Robbins Australia is a wholly owned and operated subsidiary of Inspire Brands, the parent company of Baskin-Robbins and Dunkin' . In October 2010, Dunkin' Brands terminated its license agreement with Allied Brands Group for Baskin-Robbins in Australia, and now supports its Australian franchisees directly. The Baskin-Robbins Australia Franchise Support & Training Centre
3403-493: The Pots to make the Fruit hang together, and put them in Ice as you do Cream. The 1751 edition of The Art of Cookery made Plain and Easy by Hannah Glasse includes a recipe for ice cream: "H. GLASSE Art of Cookery (ed. 4) 333 (heading) To make Ice Cream...set it [the cream] into the larger Bason. Fill it with Ice, and a Handful of Salt." The year 1768 saw the publication of L'Art de Bien Faire les Glaces d'Office by M. Emy,
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3486-465: The US as "ice cream trucks"), sometimes equipped with speakers playing children's music or folk melodies (such as " Turkey in the Straw "). The driver of an ice cream van drives throughout neighbourhoods and stops every so often, usually every block. The seller on the ice cream van sells the ice cream through a large window; this window is also where the customer asks for ice cream and pays. Ice cream vans in
3569-711: The United Kingdom make a music box noise rather than actual music. Many countries have regulations controlling what can be described as ice cream. In the United Kingdom, Food Labelling Regulations (1996) set a requirement of at least 5% milk fat and 2.5% milk protein in order to be sold as ice cream within the UK. In rest of the European Union, a trade organization called European Ice Cream Association calls for minimum dairy fat content of 5%. In 2015, these regulations were relaxed so that containing milk fat or protein
3652-530: The adoption of the number 31 as well as the pink (cherry) and brown (chocolate) polka dots and typeface that were reminiscent of the circus. The first store that adopted the new 31 looks was 804 North Glendale Ave. in Glendale in March 1953. Between 1949 and 1962, the corporate firm was known as Huntington Ice Cream Company. The name succeeded The Baskin-Robbins Partnership and was eventually changed back to Baskin-Robbins, Inc. on November 26, 1962. Baskin-Robbins
3735-416: The best Italian manner." In 1789 Frederick Nutt, who served an apprenticeship at Negri's establishment, first published The Complete Confectioner. The book had 31 different recipes for ice creams, some with fresh fruit, others with jams, and some using fruit syrups. Flavours included ginger, chocolate, brown breadcrumbs and one flavoured with Parmesan cheese. An early North American reference to ice cream
3818-412: The breach. In July 2019, the company's tipping policy was criticized by The New York Times , and later The Verge and Vox and Gothamist . Drivers receive a guaranteed minimum per order that is paid by DoorDash by default. When a customer added a tip , instead of going directly to the driver, it first went to the company to cover the guaranteed minimum. Drivers then only directly received
3901-399: The business to others, who operated their own plants. Mass production reduced the cost of ice cream and added to its popularity. The development of industrial refrigeration by German engineer Carl von Linde during the 1870s eliminated the need to cut and store natural ice, and, when the continuous-process freezer was perfected in 1926, commercial mass production of ice cream and the birth of
3984-619: The commercial use of the various terms according to the relative quantities of the main ingredients, notably the amount of cream. Products that do not meet the criteria to be called ice cream are sometimes labelled " frozen dairy dessert " instead. In other countries, such as Italy and Argentina, one word is used for all variants. The origins of frozen desserts are obscure, although several accounts exist about their history. Some sources describe frozen desserts as originating in Persia (Iran) as far back as 550 BC. A Roman cookbook dating back to
4067-408: The cost for dine-in customers, as they are required to subsidize the cost of delivery; and that the apps charge "exorbitant" fees, which range from 13% to 40% of revenue, while the average restaurant's profit ranges from 3% to 9% of revenue. The lawsuit seeks treble damages , including for overcharges, since April 14, 2016, for dine-in and delivery customers in the United States at restaurants using
4150-796: The country. In 2021, the company expanded its service area to Sendai , Japan in June and Stuttgart , Germany in November. In June 2022, the company expanded into the Wellington Region of New Zealand. The company expanded its service offerings in 2020, adding grocery delivery initially in California and the Midwest in August 2020. DoorDash expanded the service offerings in 2021 to include DoubleDash, which allows for orders from multiple merchants, and alcohol delivery in 20 U.S. states,
4233-578: The cream and allowing it to freeze. In the 16th century, the Mughal Empire used relays of horsemen to bring ice from the Hindu Kush to its capital, Delhi , used to create kulfi , a popular frozen dairy dessert from the Indian subcontinent often described as "traditional Indian ice cream." The technique of "freezing" was not known from any European sources prior to the 16th century. During
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#17327758871744316-426: The defendants’ delivery apps. Although several preliminary documents in the case have now been filed, a trial date has not yet been set. In July 2021, DoorDash drivers went on strike to protest lack of tip transparency and to ask for higher pay. At the time of the strike, and, as of June 2022, DoorDash did not allow drivers to see the full tip amounts prior to accepting a delivery in the app. If customers tip over
4399-418: The development of modern refrigeration, ice cream was a luxury reserved for special occasions. Making it was quite laborious; ice was cut from lakes and ponds during the winter and stored in holes in the ground, or in wood-frame or brick ice houses , insulated by straw. Many farmers and plantation owners, including U.S. Presidents George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, cut and stored ice in the winter for use in
4482-428: The emulsification, aeration and texture. Sucrose , which is a disaccharide , is usually used as a sweetening agent. Lactose , which is sugar present in milk, will cause freezing point depression. Thus, on freezing some water will remain unfrozen and will not give a hard texture. Too much lactose will result in a non ideal texture because of either excessive freezing point depression or lactose crystallization. Before
4565-1814: The first time in supermarkets across the U.S. In July 2017, Baskin-Robbins started adding their locations to delivery service platform DoorDash to deliver ice cream in 22 cities across the United States. In December 2020, Dunkin' Brands was purchased by Inspire Brands . Baskin-Robbins debuted an updated logo, alongside the new tagline "Seize the Yay", on April 11, 2022. Chris Buck and Barack Obama are two notable former employees. Baskin-Robbins has more than 8,000 shop locations in: Aruba, Australia, Bahrain, Bhutan, Canada, China, Colombia, Curaçao, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Estonia, Egypt, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Latvia, Malaysia, Morocco, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Tajikistan, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan, Vietnam and Yemen. International locations feature flavors of ice cream popular in each country, such as Red Bean, Litchi Gold, Blackcurrant and Cantaloupe. The most popular flavors of Baskin-Robbins in Asia are Mint Chocolate Chip and Cookies & Cream. Baskin-Robbins has previously been present in other countries such as Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Malta, Maldives, Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, Panama, Philippines, Portugal, Russia, South Africa, and St. Maarten. Cambodia does not have any locations of Baskin-Robbins but their products are officially available at an Au Bon Pain bakery franchise. The standalone stores in Bangladesh were closed down, but their products are available at multiple local stores. In Japan, Taiwan, China, and
4648-437: The government, and to charity. In April 2020, in the case of Davitashvili v. GrubHub Inc. DoorDash, Grubhub , Postmates , and Uber Eats were accused of monopolistic power by only listing restaurants on their apps if the restaurant owners signed contracts which include clauses that require prices be the same for dine-in customers as for customers receiving delivery. The plaintiffs stated that this arrangement increases
4731-649: The highest proportions by weight creating an emulsion that has dispersed phase as fat globules. The emulsion is turned into foam by incorporating air cells which are frozen to form dispersed ice cells. The triacylglycerols in fat are nonpolar and will adhere to themselves by Van der Waals interactions . Water is polar, thus emulsifiers are needed for dispersion of fat. Also, ice cream has a colloidal phase of foam which helps in its light texture. Milk proteins such as casein and whey protein present in ice cream are amphiphilic, can adsorb water and form micelles which will contribute to its consistency. The proteins contribute to
4814-409: The lawyers. Gizmodo criticized the settlement, noting that the $ 413 million that DoorDash CEO Tony Xu received the previous year was one of the largest CEO compensation packages of all time. On May 4, 2019, DoorDash confirmed 4.9 million customers, delivery workers and merchants had sensitive information stolen via a data breach . Those who joined the platform after April 5, 2018, were unaffected by
4897-612: The location. In January 2020, it was reported that DoorDash had lied about skimming tips from its drivers, causing them to earn an average of $ 1.45 an hour after expenses, and that after the company had allegedly overhauled its tipping system, DoorDash was still manipulating per-delivery payouts at the expense of drivers. By June 2020, DoorDash had raised more than $ 2.5 billion over several financing rounds from investors including Y Combinator , Charles River Ventures , SV Angel , Khosla Ventures , Sequoia Capital , SoftBank Group , GIC , and Kleiner Perkins . In April 2020, during
4980-403: The modern ice cream industry was underway. In modern times, a common method for producing ice cream at home is to use an ice cream maker, an electrical device that churns the ice cream mixture while cooled inside a household freezer. Some more expensive models have an built-in freezing element. A newer method is to add liquid nitrogen to the mixture while stirring it using a spoon or spatula for
5063-618: The month") the cornerstone of its marketing strategy (the company now boasts that it has developed over 1,000 varieties). One important development in the 20th century was the introduction of soft ice cream, which has more air mixed in, thereby reducing costs. The soft ice cream machine fills a cone or dish from a spigot . In the United States, chains such as Dairy Queen , Carvel , and Tastee-Freez helped popularize soft-serve ice cream. Baskin-Robbins would later incorporate it into their menu. Technological innovations such as these have introduced various food additives into ice cream, most notably
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#17327758871745146-465: The number of flavors was expanded to 31. By 1948, Baskin and Robbins had opened six stores. The first franchise was executed on May 20, 1948, for the store at 1130 South Adams in Glendale (Store #1). In 1949, the company's production facility opened in Burbank . Baskin and Robbins decided to start selling the stores to the managers. In 1953, Baskin-Robbins hired Carson-Roberts Advertising who recommended
5229-770: The option of earning an hourly minimum wage instead of being paid per delivery. However, drivers are only paid hourly when on an active delivery. In September 2023, the company transferred its stock listing from the New York Stock Exchange to the Nasdaq . DoorDash began expanding into international markets in 2015, launching in Toronto , Canada . The company started operating in markets outside North America in 2019, officially launching in Melbourne , Australia , in September and later expanding further into
5312-465: The oven, not pressed between irons". The ice cream cone was popularized in the US at the 1904 World's Fair in St. Louis, Missouri . The history of ice cream in the 20th century is one of great change and increases in availability and popularity. In the United States in the early 20th century, the ice cream soda was a popular treat at the soda shop , the soda fountain , and the ice cream parlor . During
5395-454: The part of the tip that exceeded the guaranteed minimum per order. A DoorDash customer filed a class action lawsuit against the company for its "materially false and misleading" tipping policy. The case was referred to arbitration in August 2020. Under pressure, the company revised its policy. The company settled a lawsuit with District of Columbia Attorney General Karl Racine for $ 2.5 million, with funds going to deliverers,
5478-485: The practice of cooling beverages with ice and snow had already emerged in Paris , particularly in the court, during the 16th century. The narrator notes that his hosts stored ice and snow, which they later added to their wine. This practice slowly progressed during the reign of Louis XIII and was likely a necessary step towards the creation of ice cream. In fact, as early as 1682, Le Nouveau confiturier françois provided
5561-568: The program had expanded to 25 cities in the United States and Canada and had delivered more than one million pounds of food. As of September 2021, Project DASH operated in more than 900 cities and had delivered more than 15 million meals. DoorDash partnered with the National Urban League in 2020 as part of its Main Street Strong program, which included a pledge of $ 200 million over five years to support restaurants during
5644-499: The salty water and ice mixture than it could with ice alone. The hand-cranked churn, which also uses ice and salt for cooling, replaced the pot-freezer method. The exact origin of the hand-cranked freezer is unknown, but the first U.S. patent for one was #3254 issued to Nancy Johnson on 9 September 1843. The hand-cranked churn produced smoother ice cream than the pot freezer and did it quicker. Many inventors patented improvements on Johnson's design. In Europe and early America, ice cream
5727-410: The selling of ice cream. The title of a person who works in this speciality is often called an 'ice cream man', however women also specialize in the selling of ice cream. People in this line of work often sell ice cream on beaches. On beaches, ice cream is either sold by a person who carries a box full of ice cream and is called over by people who want to purchase ice cream, or by a person who drives up to
5810-482: The summer. Frederic Tudor of Boston turned ice harvesting and shipping into a big business, cutting ice in New England and shipping it around the world. Ice cream was made by hand in a large bowl placed inside a tub filled with ice and salt. This is called the pot-freezer method. French confectioners refined the pot-freezer method, making ice cream in a sorbetière [ fr ] (a covered pail with
5893-566: The sundae was invented to circumvent blue laws , which forbade serving sodas on Sunday. Towns claiming to be the birthplace of the sundae include Buffalo , Two Rivers , Ithaca , and Evanston . Both the ice cream cone and banana split became popular in the early 20th century. The first mention of the cone being used as an edible receptacle for the ice cream is in Mrs. A.B. Marshall's Book of Cookery of 1888. Her recipe for "Cornet with Cream" said that "the cornets were made with almonds and baked in
5976-540: The symbol DASH. With a 56% market share , DoorDash is the largest food delivery platform in the United States. It also has a 60% market share in the convenience delivery category. As of December 31, 2020, the platform was used by 450,000 merchants, 20,000,000 consumers, and one million delivery couriers. DoorDash has been criticized and sued for withholding tips, reducing tip transparency, antitrust price manipulation, listing restaurants without permission, and allegedly misclassifying workers. DoorDash made its debut on
6059-434: The top of the beach and rings a bell. In the second method, people go up to the top of the beach and purchase ice cream straight from the ice cream seller, who is often in an ice cream van . In Turkey and Australia, ice cream is sometimes sold to beach-goers from small powerboats equipped with chest freezers. Some ice cream distributors sell ice cream products from travelling refrigerated vans or carts (commonly referred to in
6142-480: Was criticized for unauthorized listings of restaurants who had not given permission to appear on the app. The company was sued by Lona's Lil Eats in St. Louis, with the lawsuit claiming that DoorDash had listed them without permission, then prevented any orders to the restaurant from going through and redirecting customers to other restaurants instead, because Lona's was "too far away," when in reality it had not paid DoorDash
6225-570: Was done during World War II by American fighter pilots based in the South Pacific. They attached pairs of 5-US-gallon (19 L) cans to their aircraft. The cans were fitted with a small propeller, this was spun by the slipstream and drove a stirrer, which agitated the mixture while the intense cold of high altitude froze it. B-17 crews in Europe did something similar on their bombing runs as did others. Ice cream can be mass-produced and thus
6308-585: Was founded in 1945 by American brothers-in-law Burt Baskin and Irv Robbins from the merging of their respective ice cream parlors, in Glendale, California . Burt Baskin learned about ice cream while he was in the military during World War II and opened Burton's Ice Cream Shop in California in 1946. Irv Robbins managed an ice cream counter in his father's store as a teenager and in 1945 used $ 6,000 to open Snowbird Ice Cream in California. In 1948, they decided to combine their companies and call it Baskin-Robbins. Snowbird Ice Cream offered 21 flavors; when they merged
6391-917: Was in 1671. Elias Ashmole described the dishes served at the Feast of St George at Windsor in for Charles II in 1671 and included "one plate of ice cream". The only table at the banquet with ice cream on it was that of the King. The first recipe for ice cream in English was published in Mrs. Mary Eales's Receipts , a book dedicated to confectionary, in London in 1718: To ice cream. Take Tin Ice-Pots, fill them with any Sort of Cream you like, either plain or sweeten'd, or Fruit in it; shut your Pots very close; to six Pots you must allow eighteen or twenty Pound of Ice, breaking
6474-407: Was invented in the 1870s, adding to ice cream's popularity. The invention of this cold treat is attributed to American Robert Green in 1874, although there is no conclusive evidence to prove his claim. The ice cream sundae originated in the late 19th century. Several men claimed to have created the first sundae, but there is no conclusive evidence to support any of their stories. Some sources say that
6557-760: Was made and sold by small businesses, mostly confectioners and caterers. Jacob Fussell of Baltimore, Maryland was the first to manufacture ice cream on a large scale. Fussell bought fresh dairy products from farmers in York County, Pennsylvania, and sold them in Baltimore. An unstable demand for his dairy products often left him with a surplus of cream, which he made into ice cream. He built his first ice cream factory in Seven Valleys, Pennsylvania, in 1851. Two years later, he moved his factory to Baltimore. Later, he opened factories in several other cities and taught
6640-460: Was no longer necessary in the UK for a product to be sold as "ice cream", though at least 5% milk fat is still required for a product to be labeled "dairy ice cream". After this change, many UK products labelled as "ice cream" substitute milk fat with cheaper alternatives like palm oil , coconut oil , and vegetable fats . DoorDash DoorDash, Inc. is an American company operating online food ordering and food delivery . It trades under
6723-456: Was obligated to pay its drivers and the city of Seattle a total of $ 1.6 million. It was found that the platform made it difficult for users to request paid time off. DoorDash is to pay $ 1.1 million towards safe and sick time credits, $ 500k directly to drivers and an additional $ 8,500 in city fees. In 2018, DoorDash launched Project DASH, a partnership with local food security organizations to deliver donations to those in need. By August 2019,
6806-776: Was owned by its founders until it was acquired in 1967 (just before Burt Baskin's death) by United Fruit . In the 1970s, the chain went international, opening stores in Japan , Saudi Arabia , South Korea , and Australia . In 1972, the company went public when United Brands sold 17% in an IPO . A year later, the British food company J. Lyons and Co. purchased Baskin-Robbins from United Brands and all public stock. J. Lyons then merged with Allied Breweries , becoming Allied-Lyons in 1978. Allied-Lyons then merged with Pedro Domecq S.A. in 1994, becoming Allied Domecq . Baskin-Robbins and Dunkin' Donuts comprise Dunkin' Brands, Inc. Dunkin' Brands
6889-466: Was part of Allied Domecq until its purchase in 2006 by a group of private equity firms – Bain Capital , Thomas H. Lee Partners , and The Carlyle Group . In 2006, the company's "BR" logo was updated such that it doubles as the number "31" to represent the 31 flavors, with the "31" formed by the parts of the letters "BR" which are rendered in pink, in contrast to the rest of the logo which
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