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30-655: The books centre on the Bellflower family of rabbits , who live in Beechwood Grove: Papa Bramble , Aunt Zinnia , Dandelion , Periwinkle , Violette , Mistletoe , and Poppy . The father share his name with a certain food, while his five children as well as his sister Zinnia (and the whole family itself) are named after flowers and plants. All of the rabbit characters in this series have large, round pink tails. The books' success in France led to

60-579: A bit angry and serious against them. Most of the early titles in the Beechwood series centred on each of the children. Aunt Zinnia had a story of her own in 1990 ( Aunt Zinnia and the Ogre ), and Papa Bramble in 2003 ( L'invention d'Onésime Passiflore ). Some of the Bellflowers' foes include Magda, a tricky magpie who tries to make Periwinkle a family embarrassment (in the first book, Periwinkle at

90-593: A few species, e. g. Cyananthus lobatus , flowers are solitary. Flowers are bisexual ( dioecious in Dialypetalum ) and protandrous . Petals are fused into a corolla with 3 to 8 lobes. It may be bell- or star-shaped in subfamily Campanuloideae, while tubular and bilaterally symmetric in most Lobelioideae. Blue of various shades is the most common petal colour, but purple, red, pink, orange, yellow, white, and green also occur. The corolla may be down to 1 mm wide and long in some species of Wahlenbergia . At

120-512: A pollen pump. The style eventually protrudes through the anther tube, and becomes receptive to pollen. In Campanuloideae, the pollen is instead packed between hairs on the style, gradually being released as the hairs invaginate. Subsequently, the stigmatic lobes unfold, and become receptive. Bees and birds (particularly hummingbirds and hawaiian honeycreepers ) are probably the most common pollinators of Campanulaceae. A few confirmed and many probable cases of bat-pollination are known, particularly in

150-447: A single plant, with larger, broader leaves at the base of the stem and smaller, narrower leaves higher up; the leaf margin may be either entire or serrated (sometimes both on the same plant). Many species contain white latex in the leaves and stems. The flowers are produced in panicles (sometimes solitary), and have a five-lobed corolla , typically large (2–5 cm or more long), mostly blue to purple, sometimes white or pink. Below

180-595: A troublesome weed, particularly in gardens, while Legousia spp. may occur in arable fields. Most current classifications include the segregate family Lobeliaceae in Campanulaceae as subfamily Lobelioideae . A third subfamily, Cyphioideae, includes the genus Cyphia , and sometimes also the genera Cyphocarpus , Nemacladus , Parishella and Pseudonemacladus . Alternatively, the last three genera are placed in Nemacladoideae, while Cyphocarpus

210-486: Is placed in its own subfamily, Cyphocarpoideae. This family is almost cosmopolitan , occurring on all continents except Antarctica . In addition, species of the family are native to many remote oceanic islands and archipelagos. Hawaii is particularly rich, with well over 100 endemic species of Hawaiian lobelioids . Continental areas with high diversity are South Africa, California and the northern Andes . Habitats range from extreme deserts to rainforests and lakes, from

240-559: Is the type genus of the Campanulaceae family of flowering plants . Campanula are commonly known as bellflowers and take both their common and scientific names from the bell-shaped flowers — campanula is Latin for "little bell". The genus includes over 500 species and several subspecies , distributed across the temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere , with centers of diversity in

270-532: The Mediterranean region, Balkans , Caucasus and mountains of western Asia . The range also extends into mountains in tropical regions of Asia and Africa . The species include annual , biennial and perennial plants, and vary in habit from dwarf arctic and alpine species under 5 cm high, to large temperate grassland and woodland species growing to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) tall. The leaves are alternate and often vary in shape on

300-599: The Royal Horticultural Society 's Award of Garden Merit . The species Campanula rapunculus , commonly known as rampion bellflower, rampion, or rover bellflower, is a biennial vegetable which was once widely grown in Europe for its spinach-like leaves and radish-like roots. In many English translations of the Brothers Grimm 's tale Rapunzel , rampion is the vegetable that is stolen from

330-851: The boreal zone of North America and Europe, and Howellia aquatilis , an elodeid growing in ponds in SW North America. There is usually abundant, white latex, but occasionally the exudate is clear and/or very sparse, as in Jasione . Tubers occur in several genera, e.g. Cyphia . Leaves are often alternate , more rarely opposite (e. g. Codonopsis ) or whorled ( Ostrowskia ). They are simple ( Petromarula one of very few exceptions) entire (repeatedly divided in spp. of Cyanea ), but often with dentate margin. Stipules are absent. Inflorescences are quite diverse, including both cymose and racemose types. In Jasione they are strongly condensed and resemble asteraceous capitula . In

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360-607: The order Asterales , contains nearly 2400 species in 84 genera of herbaceous plants , shrubs , and rarely small trees , often with milky sap . Among them are several familiar garden plants belonging to the genera Campanula (bellflower), Lobelia , and Platycodon (balloonflower). Campanula rapunculus (rampion or r. bellflower) and Codonopsis lanceolata are eaten as vegetables. Lobelia inflata (indian tobacco), L. siphilitica and L. tupa (devil's tobacco) and others have been used as medicinal plants. Campanula rapunculoides (creeping bellflower) may be

390-598: The Full Moon Ball , and the TV episode " Room to Move "); Jimmy Renard, a cunning young boy from Violette's Daring Adventure ; Kazoar, the highway menace from Aunt Zinnia and the Ogre , and two hungry & sneaky foxes named Roderick and Marmaduke from the episode "Carnival" who wanted to kidnap the children for their dinner. As of 2008, more than thirty Beechwood books from Éditions Milan have sold over 750,000 copies in its native France. Geneviève Huriet has written

420-534: The book series is called La Familia Pasaflor (Spain), A Família Passiflore (Portugal), La Famiglia Passiflora (Italy), De Familie Passiebloem (Netherlands), Familie Löwenzahn (Germany), Wesołe przygody królików (Poland), "Жили-были кролики" (Russia) and Tappancsmesék (Hungary). The Bellflower Bunnies , an animated TV series based on the books, debuted on the TF1 network in France with four specials during December 24 and December 28, 2001. The 52-episode series

450-605: The corolla, 5 leaf-like sepals form the calyx. Some species have a small additional leaf-like growth termed an "appendage" between each sepal, and the presence or absence, relative size, and attitude of the appendage is often used to distinguish between closely related species. The fruit is a capsule containing numerous small seeds . Campanula species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including common pug (recorded on harebell), dot moth , ingrailed clay (recorded on harebell), lime-speck pug and mouse moth . Well-known species include

480-535: The debut of an animated version on the TF1 network in late December 2001, which would go on to have 52 episodes produced. The show has aired in several markets worldwide, and released on DVD and VHS in North America. The series' main characters are the Bellflower rabbits, who live "in a shady corner of Beechwood Grove". There are five children in the family: Poppy, the eldest and the smartest; Violette,

510-624: The entire series, save for the two most recent titles ( Qu'as-tu fait, Mistouflet? and L'album photo des Passiflore ) by Amélie Sarn . Loïc Jouannigot has always been the illustrator including the latest book released in 2023. In the United States, Gareth Stevens only published the first seven stories in English, from Periwinkle at the Full Moon Ball to Family Moving Day , in 1991 and 1992. The translators were MaryLee Knowlton, Amy Bauman and Patricia Lantier-Sampon. Elsewhere in Europe,

540-460: The family into five subfamilies. Campanuloideae Lobelioideae Cyphioideae Cyphocarpoideae Nemacladoideae The earliest known occurrence of Campanulaceae pollen is from Oligocene strata . Earliest Campanulaceae macrofossils dated, are seeds of † Campanula paleopyramidalis from 17-16 million years old Miocene deposits in the Nowy Sacz , Carpathians , Poland . It

570-428: The genus Burmeistera . Brighamia and Hippobroma have pale or white flowers with a long-tubed corolla, and are pollinated by hawkmoths . Pollination by lizards has been reported for Musschia aurea and Nesocodon mauritianus . The ovary is usually inferior or, in some species, semi-inferior. Very rarely is it completely superior (e.g. Cyananthus ). In Campanumoea javanica , calyx and corolla diverge from

600-533: The high Andes , while gigant rosette-forming lobelias (e.g., Lobelia deckenii ) are a characteristic component of the vegetation in the alpine zone on the tropical African volcanoes. In the Himalaya Campanula modesta and Cyananthus microphyllus reach even higher, probably setting the altitudinal record for the family at 4800 m. Several species are associated with freshwater, such as Lobelia dortmanna , an isoetid common in oligotrophic lakes in

630-680: The northern temperate Campanula rotundifolia , commonly known as harebell in England and bluebell in Scotland and Ireland (though it is not closely related to the true bluebells ), and the southern European Campanula medium , commonly known as Canterbury bells (a popular garden plant in the United Kingdom). As well as several species occurring naturally in the wild in northern Europe, there are many cultivated garden species. The cultivars 'Misty Dawn' and 'Kent Belle' have gained

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660-412: The number of stigmatic lobes. The style is in various ways involved in the "presentation" of the pollen, as in several other families of the order Asterales. In Lobelioideae , pollen is, already in the bud stage, released into the tube formed by the anthers . During flowering, it is pushed up by the elongating style and "presented" to visiting pollinators at the apex of the tube, a mechanism described as

690-439: The only sister and of course a strong-spirited girl; Dandelion, a lovable yet dimwitted boy who mostly resembles his father; Mistletoe, who wears a cap and a shirt of magenta and pink stripes; and Periwinkle, who is kindhearted but mostly shy, and he too resembles his father, but deeply. Their father is Bramble, a gifted inventor and gardener who is always concerned and caring about his children. Their aunt, Zinnia, can sometimes be

720-565: The other extreme, it reaches a width of 15 cm in Ostrowskia . Stamens are equal in number to, and alternating with the petals. Anthers may be fused into a tube, as in all species of Lobelioideae and some Campanuloideae (e.g. Symphyandra ) Within the family pollen grains are often tricolporate , less commonly triporate , tricolpate , or pantoporate . Carpel number is usually 2, 3 or 5 (8 in Ostrowskia ), and corresponds to

750-578: The ovary at different levels. Berries are a common fruit-type in Lobelioideae ( Burmeistera , Clermontia , Centropogon , Cyanea etc.), whilst rare in Campanuloideae ( Canarina being one of few examples). Capsules, with very varying modes of dehiscence, are otherwise the predominating fruit type in the family. Seeds are mostly small (<2 mm) and numerous. 95 genera are accepted. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Website divides

780-509: The peculiar perennial stem succulent Brighamia rockii in Hawaii . Insular and tropical montane species in particular are often more or less woody and may bear the leaves in a dense rosette. When, in addition, the plant is unbranched, the result may be a palm- or treefern-like habit, as in species of the hawaiian genus Cyanea , which comprises the tallest of Campanulaceae, C. leptostegia (up to 14 m). Lysipomia are minute cushion plants of

810-695: The tropics to the high Arctic ( Campanula uniflora ), and from sea cliffs to high alpine habitats. Although most Campanulaceae are perennial herbs (sometimes climbing, as in Codonopsis ), there is also a large number of annuals e.g. species of Legousia . Isotoma hypocrateriformis is a succulent annual from Australia's dry interior. There are also biennials , e.g. the commonly cultivated ornamental Campanula medium ( Canterbury bells). Many perennial campanuloids grow in rock-crevices, such as Musschia aurea ( Madeira ) and Petromarula pinnata ( Crete ). Some lobelioids also grow on rocks, e.g.

840-990: The witch. ( Rapunzel is a completely different plant, Valerianella locusta .) In the UK the National Collection of campanulas is held at Burton Agnes Hall in East Yorkshire and the National Collection of Alpine Campanulas at Langham Hall, Bury St Edmunds , in Suffolk. The classification of some Campanulaceae genera as either part of Campanula or separate genera can vary by system, including Azorina , Campanulastrum , Canarina , Edraianthus , Musschia , Ostrowskia , and Platycodon . Some genera previously not segregated from Campanula currently are segregated in some systems, including Annaea , Gadellia , and Theodorovia . Hemisphaera

870-671: Was formerly Campanula , subsect. Scapiflorae , and Neocodon was Campanula sect. Rapunculus . There are 448, including: Violdelphin is an anthocyanin, a type of plant pigment, found in the blue flowers in the genus Campanula . Three fossil seeds of † Campanula palaeopyramidalis have been extracted from borehole samples of the Middle Miocene fresh water deposits in Nowy Sacz Basin, West Carpathians , Poland . Campanulaceae See text The family Campanulaceae (also bellflower family ), of

900-597: Was produced early in its run by TVA International , Melusine , TF1 and its subsidiary Protécréa . Later episodes were made by Tooncan , Euro Visual, and Dragon Cartoon among others. It has also aired on Playhouse Disney in France, ZDF and KI.KA in Germany, CBC/Radio Canada in Quebec, and the Latin American version of Boomerang . Campanula Campanula ( / k æ m ˈ p æ nj ʊ l ə / )

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