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42-676: The Communist Party of Belgium was formed at a congress in Anderlecht , Brussels on 3–4 September 1921. KPB/PCB was formed through the unification of two groups, the Communist Party led by War Van Overstraeten and the Belgian Communist Party led by Joseph Jacquemotte , following a split from the Belgian Workers Party . At the time of its foundation, KPB/PCB had around 500 members. KPB/PCB became

84-502: Is currently in a fragile social and economic situation due to the decline of its economy and the poor quality of some of its housing. Between 1836 and 1991, the district housed the Royal School of Veterinary Medicine , now moved to Liège but often still referred to as Cureghem . The old campus, listed as protected heritage , is currently undergoing a large rehabilitation process. Three listed buildings—the former Atlas Brewery,

126-656: Is in coalition on the municipal council with Ecolo - Groen , DéFI and Forward . The annual Anderlecht fair, originally a cattle fair, was authorised by William II of the Netherlands in 1825. Since then, it has taken the form of a series of celebrations, which still include animal shows but also a large market, a floral show, and the recreation of a religious procession in honour of Saint Guy . The Abattoirs of Anderlecht  [ fr ] , located at 24, rue Ropsy Chaudron / Ropsy Chaudronstraat in Cureghem,

168-550: Is located in Uccle , in the south of Brussels. The meteorological records which are carried out there are similar to those which could be carried out in Anderlecht. The territory of Anderlecht is very heterogeneous and is characterised by a mixture of larger districts including smaller residential and (formerly) industrial neighbourhoods. The area along the canal is currently experiencing a large revitalisation programme, as part of

210-693: Is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region , Belgium. Located in the south-western part of the region, it is bordered by the City of Brussels , Forest , Molenbeek-Saint-Jean , and Saint-Gilles , as well as the Flemish municipalities of Dilbeek and Sint-Pieters-Leeuw . In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch). There are several historically and architecturally distinct districts within Anderlecht. As of 1 January 2022 ,

252-547: Is one of the municipality's largest districts and one of Brussels' main garden cities . Built in the 1920s, with its modest and picturesque houses, it offers a great vision of an early 20th-century working class neighbourhood. It is also home to one of the largest agribusiness industry campuses in Belgium: the Food and Chemical Industries Education and Research Center (CERIA/COOVI), as well as popular department stores. Located in

294-409: Is severely damaged, it depicts a faint image of a man with unusual headgear and is thought to be Elamite in origin. The depiction is part of a larger image, most of which was removed at the command of Bahram II . Four tombs belonging to Achaemenid kings are carved out of the rock face at a considerable height above the ground. The tombs are known locally as the " Persian crosses ", after the shape of

336-580: Is the main slaughterhouse in Brussels, employing some 1,500 people. In addition to its main activities, the great hall serves as a covered market for food and flea markets . In recent years, several major international companies have set up their headquarters in Anderlecht, notably the Delhaize Group , which operates many supermarket chains, from 40, Marie Curie Square, Coca-Cola Benelux at 1424, Chaussée de Mons / Bergensesteenweg , as well as

378-604: The Plan Canal of the Brussels-Capital Region . The historical centre of Anderlecht is the municipality's central district. Formerly known as Rinck , it is divided into several sectors: Located in the east of Anderlecht, Cureghem/Kuregem is one of the municipality's largest and most populated districts. It developed during the Industrial Revolution along the Brussels–Charleroi Canal and

420-617: The Austrians there once again. Among the consequences were the disbanding of the canons and Anderlecht being proclaimed an independent municipality by the French. By the end of the 18th century, Anderlecht including its dependencies, which extended to Brussels' city walls , counted around 2,000 inhabitants. In Scheut, on the site of the Carthusian Monastery, stood a chapel called Our Lady of Scheut, whose pleasant location, in

462-497: The Chaussée de Mons / Bergensesteenweg and the Brussels–Charleroi Canal , a series of industrial and working-class districts connected the centre of Anderlecht to Cureghem. Remarkable new urban developments and garden cities such as La Roue/Het Rad , Moortebeek and Bon Air / Goede Lucht were built at the beginning of the 20th century to house the influx of newcomers. Following World War II , some remaining green parts of

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504-564: The Glasgow Necropolis . Ancient Egypt is noted for multiple necropoleis. Ancient Egyptian funerary practices and beliefs about the afterlife led to the construction of several extensive necropoleis to secure and provision the dead in the hereafter. These necropoleis are therefore major archaeological sites for Egyptology . Probably the best-known ancient Egyptian necropolis is the Giza Necropolis . Made famous by

546-664: The Great Pyramid of Giza , which was included in the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World , the necropolis includes three major pyramid tombs of Old Kingdom kings and several smaller pyramids related to the royal burials, as well as mastabas (a typical royal tomb of the early Dynastic period) and tombs and graveyards for lesser personages. Almost as well-known as Giza is the Theban Necropolis , on

588-741: The Tomb of Kha and Merit . Other ancient Egyptian necropoleis of note are the necropolis of Saqqara , home to the Step Pyramid of Djoser and other royal burials; the necropolis of Dahshur , site of the Red Pyramid of Sneferu , the oldest "true" pyramid; and Abydos , site of a necropolis containing burials from the Predynastic through the Late Period . A pair of small necropoleis of Theban-style rock-cut tombs started to take shape in

630-647: The facades of the tombs. Later, Sassanian kings added a series of rock reliefs below the tombs. The site of Bin Tepe served as a necropolis for Sardis , the capital of the Lydian Empire . It consists of over 100 tumuli including the monumental Tumulus of Alyattes which was commented on by ancient writers including Herodotus and still marks the landscape today. Though Lydian elites also used other burial styles, tumuli are so numerous throughout Lydia that they are used to track settlement patterns. The style

672-615: The wadis east of Akhetaten (modern Amarna ) during the Amarna Period of the New Kingdom; while it appears that the tombs were not ultimately used for burials due to the collapse of the Amarna regime about 20 years after the foundation of Akhetaten, the tomb decorations provide much information about that era of ancient Egyptian history. The Etruscans took the concept of a "city of the dead" quite literally. The typical tomb at

714-440: The 1971 and 1977 General Elections, the Communist Party used separate lists for both Flanders and Wallonia, despite remaining a single party It is unclear whether the Communist Party decided not to run separate lists for the 1974 General Election or the data for regional lists is simply not available Anderlecht Anderlecht ( French: [ɑ̃dœʁlɛkt] ; Dutch: [ˈɑndərlɛxt] )

756-478: The Banditaccia necropolis at Cerveteri consists of a tumulus which covers one or more rock-cut subterranean tombs. These tombs had multiple chambers and were elaborately decorated like contemporary houses. The arrangement of the tumuli in a grid of streets gave it an appearance similar to the cities of the living. The art historian Nigel Spivey considers the name cemetery inadequate and argues that only

798-903: The Belgian chocolate company Leonidas at 41, Boulevard Jules Graindor / Jules Graindorlaan . Several hospitals and clinics are located in Anderlecht: Anderlecht is the home of the football club RSC Anderlecht , the most successful Belgian football team in European competition as well as in the Belgian First Division with 34 titles. The club's home stadium is the Constant Vanden Stock Stadium , located within Astrid Park . The team colours are white and purple. Green spaces in

840-485: The Belgian coast and about 180 km (110 mi) from Belgium's southern tip. It is located in the heartland of the Brabantian Plateau, about 45 km (28 mi) south of Antwerp ( Flanders ), and 50 km (31 mi) north of Charleroi ( Wallonia ). It is the westernmost municipality in the Brussels-Capital Region and is an important crossing point for the Brussels–Charleroi Canal , which cuts

882-717: The Belgian section of the Communist International . The party gained parliamentary presence in 1925, as both Van Overstraeten and Jacquemotte were elected to the Chamber of Representatives . By 1935 KPB/PCB had 9 deputies in the Chamber and 4 members in the Senate . In 1938 it had a membership of about 8,500. During the Second World War , the party had to go underground during German occupation. The party

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924-718: The Scheutveld College, on 28 April 1863, by the Catholic priest Theophile Verbist . The congregation of Scheut Missionaries went on to evangelise China , Mongolia , the Philippines , as well as the Congo Free State / Belgian Congo (modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo ). Anderlecht has a rich cultural and architectural heritage. Some of the main points of interest include: Historically,

966-498: The area's climate by sending marine air masses from the Atlantic Ocean . Nearby wetlands also ensure a maritime temperate climate. On average (based on measurements in the period 1981–2010), there are approximately 135 days of rain per year in the region. Snowfall is infrequent, averaging 24 days per year. It also often experiences violent thunderstorms in summer months. The Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium (IRM/KMI)

1008-436: The dead ' ). The term usually implies a separate burial site at a distance from a city, as opposed to tombs within cities, which were common in various places and periods of history. They are different from grave fields , which did not have structures or markers above the ground. While the word is most commonly used for ancient sites, the name was revived in the early 19th century and applied to planned city cemeteries, such as

1050-462: The middle of a grove, made this place very popular at the time. The 19th century saw a remarkable population growth, mainly because of the proximity to a rapidly expanding Brussels. The Chaussée de Ninove / Ninoofsesteenweg was laid out in 1828, through the former property of the Carthusians. The population multiplied by ten between 1830 and 1890 and doubled again between 1890 and 1910. Along

1092-453: The municipality also made way for large-scale urban renewal following the modernist Athens Charter and Park system , such as the housing projects Scherdemael, Peterbos and Marius Renard in the upper town, and Aurore near the canal. Nowadays, the name Anderlecht rings a bell in every Belgian ear thanks to its very successful football club . Anderlecht is located in the north-central part of Belgium, about 110 kilometres (68 mi) from

1134-546: The municipality had a population of 122,547 inhabitants. The total area is 17.91 km (6.92 sq mi), which gives a population density of 6,842/km (17,720/sq mi). Its upper area is greener and less densely populated. The first traces of human activity on the right bank of the Senne date from the Stone Age and Bronze Age . The remnants of a Roman villa and of a Frankish necropolis were also found on

1176-645: The municipality in two from the west. With an area of 17.91 km (6.92 sq mi), it is also the third largest municipality in the region after the City of Brussels and Uccle . It is bordered by the City of Brussels, Forest , Molenbeek-Saint-Jean , and Saint-Gilles , as well as the Flemish municipalities of Dilbeek and Sint-Pieters-Leeuw . Anderlecht, in common with the rest of Brussels, experiences an oceanic climate ( Köppen : Cfb ) with warm summers and cool winters. Proximity to coastal areas influences

1218-550: The municipality include: Born in Anderlecht: Anderlecht is twinned with: In addition, Anderlecht has signed a friendship agreement with: Necropolis A necropolis ( pl. : necropolises, necropoles, necropoleis, necropoli ) is a large, designed cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments. The name stems from the Ancient Greek νεκρόπολις nekropolis ( lit.   ' city of

1260-584: The north of Anderlecht, Scheut is bounded by the border with the municipality of Molenbeek-Saint-Jean to the north, the historical centre of Anderlecht to the south, the Birmingham district to the east, the Scheutveld district to the west and the semi-natural site of the Scheutbos to the north-west. It is in this district, on the Chaussée de Ninove / Ninoofsesteenweg , that lay the foundations of

1302-607: The old power station, and the former Moulart Mill —are testaments to the old industrial activities next to the waterway. The Municipal Hall of Anderlecht is located on the Place du Conseil / Raadsplein , at the heart of this district. In its lower part, bordering the City of Brussels, are the Square de l'Aviation/Luchtvaartsquare and the Parc de la Rosée / Dauwpark . Located in the south of Anderlecht, La Roue/Het Rad ("The Wheel")

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1344-725: The party chairman, Julien Lahaut , was assassinated. In the mid 1960s the U.S. State Department estimated the party membership to be approximately 9,890. KPB/PCB lost its parliamentary presence in 1985. In 1989 KPB/PCB was divided into two separate parties, Kommunistische Partij in Flanders and Parti Communiste in Wallonia . Several foreign communist parties, American, British, German, French and Dutch, had branches in Belgium. 67,487 159,213 1.28% 3,02% 62,410 99,514 1.12% 1,79% In

1386-406: The population of Anderlecht was quite low. The municipality counted around 2,000 inhabitants at the beginning of the 19th century. However, following the Industrial Revolution , the population underwent a remarkable growth, peaking at 103,796 in 1970. From then, it began to decrease slightly to a low of 87,812 in 2000, before increasing again rapidly in recent years. As of 1 January 2020 ,

1428-474: The population was 120,887. The area is 17.91 km (6.92 sq mi), making the density 6,749/km (17,480/sq mi). Migrant communities in Anderlecht with over 1,000 people as of 1 January 2020: The current city council was elected in the October 2018 elections . The current mayor of Anderlecht is Fabrice Cumps , a member of PS , who alongside the other parties on their list, sp.a and cdH ,

1470-479: The term necropolis can do justice to these sophisticated burial sites. Etruscan necropoli were usually located on hills or slopes of hills. In the Mycenean Greek period predating ancient Greece , burials could be performed inside the city. In Mycenae , for example, the royal tombs were located in a precinct within the city walls. The way the large stones fit together so perfectly in the round shape of

1512-542: The territory of Anderlecht, in the so-called Battle of Scheut , supposedly over a monetary matter. Although he defeated his sister-in-law, the Duchess of Brabant , Joanna , and briefly took her title, she regained it the following year with the help of the Holy Roman Emperor , Charles IV . In 1393, Joanna's charter made Anderlecht a part of Brussels. It is also around this time that the church of Saint Guy

1554-484: The territory of Anderlecht. The first mention of the name Anderlecht , however, dates only from 1047 under the forms Anrelech , then Andrelet (1111), Andreler (1148), and Anderlech (1186). At that time, this community was already home to a chapter of canons and to two feudal manors , those of the powerful lords of Aa and of Anderlecht. In 1356, the Count of Flanders , Louis II , fought against Brussels on

1596-695: The underground tomb is one of the most amazing building achievements of the Mycenaean Age. This changed during the ancient Greek period when necropoleis usually lined the roads outside a city. There existed some degree of variation within the ancient Greek world however. Sparta was notable for continuing the practice of burial within the city. Naqsh-e Rostam is an ancient necropolis located about 12 km (7.5 mi) northwest of Persepolis , in Fars Province, Iran . The oldest relief at Naqsh-i Rustam dates to c.  1000 BC . Though it

1638-677: The wars between the Low Countries and France. During the Nine Years' War , it is from the high ground of Scheut , in the northern part of Anderlecht, that the bombardment of Brussels of 1695 took place. Together with the resulting fire, it was the most destructive event in the entire history of Brussels. On 13 November 1792, right after the Battle of Jemappes , General Dumouriez and the French Revolutionary army routed

1680-691: The west bank of the Nile at Thebes (modern Luxor ). This necropolis is known for the rock-cut tombs of the Valley of the Kings , the Valley of the Queens , and the various tombs of nobles and others from the New Kingdom onward. The Theban Necropolis is home to some of the few Ancient Egyptian tombs that remained essentially intact until discovery by modern archaeologists, including the Tomb of Tutankhamun and

1722-466: Was also closely affiliated with the Partisans Armés , a resistance group during the occupation, however in 1943 much of the party leadership was arrested by German forces. After the end of the war, the party was strengthened and obtained 25% in the parliamentary elections. The party participated in a coalition government with the socialists and the liberals from 1946 to 1947. On 18 August 1950

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1764-537: Was rebuilt in Brabantine Gothic style above an earlier Romanesque crypt . The village of Anderlecht became a beacon of culture in the 15th and 16th centuries. In 1521, the Dutch humanist writer and theologian Erasmus of Rotterdam lived in the canons' house for a few months. Charles, Duke of Aumale and Grand Veneur of France also had a residence there. The 17th and 18th centuries were marked by

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