Bellenden Seymour Hutcheson VC , MC (16 December 1883 – 9 April 1954) was an American-born Canadian recipient of the Victoria Cross (VC) during the First World War . The VC is the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Hutcheson was one of the seven Canadians to be awarded the Victoria Cross for their deeds on one single day, 2 September 1918, for actions across the 30 km long Drocourt-Quéant Line near Arras, France . The other six were Arthur George Knight , William Henry Metcalf , Claude Joseph Patrick Nunney , Cyrus Wesley Peck , Walter Leigh Rayfield and John Francis Young .
33-624: Hutcheson was a graduate of Northwestern University Medical School . In 1915, he renounced his United States citizenship in order to join the Canadian Army as a medical officer. He reclaimed his American citizenship after the war. He was 34 years old, and a captain in the Canadian Army Medical Corps , Canadian Expeditionary Force , attached to 75th (Mississauga) Battalion , during the First World War . He
66-450: A grade point average ( GPA ). GPA is calculated by using the number of grade points a student earns in a given period of time. A GPA is often calculated for high school , undergraduate , and graduate students. A cumulative grade point average ( CGPA ), is the average of all the GPAs a student has achieved during their time at the institution. Students are sometimes required to maintain
99-667: A Bioinformatics Consulting Core, Genomics Core and Human Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Core. Faculty in the Research program at Feinberg study and mentor in a range of areas, including cancer biology, cell biology, chemical biology, drug discovery, developmental biology, evolutionary biology, genetics, genomics, medical biology, immunology, microbial pathogenesis, neuroscience, pharmacology, structural biology, biochemistry, epigenetics, epidemiology, behavioral sciences, preventive medicine, epidemiology, health outcomes, quality improvement, and translational sciences. In June 2019,
132-496: A certain GPA in order to be admitted to a certain academic program or to remain in that program. Grades are also used in decisions to provide a student with financial aid or a scholarship. Grades are seen as an indicator for academic success and ability, and GPA is thought to indicate future job effectiveness and success. In addition, research has shown a correlation between GPA and future Job satisfaction . Studies have also shown that
165-653: A full-time Doctor of Medicine degree program, multiple dual degree programs, graduate medical education, and continuing medical education . Through clinical affiliates Northwestern Memorial Hospital , the Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , and the Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (formerly Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago ). Feinberg and its clinical affiliates are together an $ 11 billion academic medical enterprise. The school has about 4,830 faculty members. The Feinberg School of Medicine
198-487: A higher GPA leads to a higher income. Students were given assessments as far back as 500 B.C. but no methods existed to formally measure student performance or track mastery of the subject. In the mid 1600’s Harvard University started to require exit exams to evaluate students, but they were not scored with letter grades. The first record of a grading scale for students was at Yale University. Yale University historian George Wilson Pierson writes: "According to tradition
231-469: A new curriculum, organized into three phases and emphasizing integration of four main curricular elements: science in medicine, clinical medicine, health & society, and professional development. The goal was to build a more learner-centered educational program that (1) fully integrates scientific principles in a clinical context; (2) stimulates inquiry and investigation; (3) has an assessment system that comprehensively evaluates student achievement in each of
264-554: A new physician's group called Northwestern Medical Group. Together, NMHC and Feinberg jointly share the brand "Northwestern Medicine." On May 8, 2015, exactly 90 years after Northwestern University first broke ground on its Chicago campus, Feinberg broke ground on the Louis A. Simpson and Kimberly K. Querrey Biomedical Research Center. The building opened in June 2019 and added more than 625,000 square feet and 12 stories of research space to
297-536: A student has learned in a given period of time, which only partially reflect the actual performance and does not take sufficient account of the individual development of students. Likewise, poor grades over a longer period of time would give students the impression that they would learn very little or nothing, which jeopardizes the innate intrinsic motivation of every child to learn. Children who have already lost their desire to learn and only study for their grades have no reason to continue learning after they have achieved
330-581: A talent for, since otherwise their grades in other areas would deteriorate. He also believes that "our society will not develop further...if we force all children to conform to the same evaluation standards". Grading may also reflect the bias of the instructor thereby reinforcing systematic bias. As educators have begun to recognize the potential drawbacks, alternative grading methods, including competency-based assessment, specifications grading, and "ungrading" have become more popular. Most nations have their own grading system, and different institutions in
363-461: Is Northwestern Memorial Hospital , a 2,200,000-square-foot (200,000 m ) modern hospital that was completed in 1999. The Feinberg School of Medicine is home to 631 medical students. The class of students who graduated in 2023 are the 164th graduating class. For the 2023 entering class, 7,836 people applied for 145 seats. The median undergraduate GPA and MCAT score for successful applicants are 3.92 and 520, respectively. For medical students,
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#1732784038589396-550: Is criticized that students often do not learn for their future life or out of interest in the material, but only for the grades and the associated status, which promotes bulimic learning . German philosopher and publicist Richard David Precht criticizes the system of school grades in his book Anna, die Schule und der liebe Gott: Der Verrat des Bildungssystems an unseren Kindern . He believes that numbers from 1 to 6 (the school grading system used in Germany) do not do justice to
429-754: Is part of the McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University . Other McGaw members include: Feinberg medical students and McGaw residents receive their clinical training at these hospitals, where nearly all the attending staff members have faculty appointments at the Feinberg School of Medicine. Residents also train at affiliates such as John H. Stroger Jr Hospital of Cook County, Northwestern Medicine Lake Forest Hospital, Swedish Covenant Hospital, MacNeal Hospital, and Methodist Hospital in Gary, Indiana. The medical school's primary teaching hospital
462-804: The Toronto Scottish Regiment (Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother's Own) , a reserve infantry regiment of the Canadian Forces. In 2009 a new armoury was opened in Etobicoke for the regiment. This facility was named in honour of Captain Hutcheson. Feinberg School of Medicine The Feinberg School of Medicine is the medical school of Northwestern University and is located in the Streeterville neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois . Founded in 1859, Feinberg offers
495-741: The Joseph and Bessie Feinberg Foundation. Reuben Feinberg started to donate to the university after being hospitalized at Northwestern Memorial Hospital for a heart attack. The first donation, in 1988, was for $ 17 million to establish the Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute. A $ 10 million donation was subsequently sent in 1996 to establish the Frances Evelyn Feinberg Clinical Neurosciences Institute. In 2012, Feinberg's entering medical students began
528-484: The Queant-Drocourt Support Line with the battalion. Without hesitation and with utter disregard of personal safety he remained on the field until every wounded man had been attended to. He dressed the wounds of a seriously wounded officer under terrific machine-gun and shell fire, and, with the assistance of prisoners and of his own men, succeeded in evacuating him to safety, despite the fact that
561-416: The bearer party suffered heavy casualties. Immediately afterwards he rushed forward, in full view of the enemy, under heavy machine-gun and rifle fire, to tend a wounded sergeant, and, having placed him in a shell-hole, dressed his wounds. Captain Hutcheson performed many similar gallant acts, and, by his coolness and devotion to duty, many lives were saved. The 75th Battalion's lineage is today continued by
594-419: The best possible grade. In addition, poor grades represent destructive feedback for students, since they do not provide any constructive assistance, but only absolute key figures. It is also criticized that the way of thinking, which can often be traced back to the grading system, that bad grades lead to poor future prospects, leads to perplexity, pressure, stress and depression among parents and children. It
627-547: The complex relationship between the mode of examination (oral or written) and the varying philosophies of education these modes imply to both the teacher and the student. The A-D/F system was first adopted by Mount Holyoke College in 1897. However, this system did not become widespread until the 1940s, and was still only used by 67% of primary and secondary schools in the United States in 1971. It has been criticized that grades are only short-term snapshots of how much
660-418: The core competencies; (4) reinforces a culture of learning, teamwork, and excellence; (5) is flexible and able to meet the unique needs of individual students as they learn and differentiate. On September 1, 2013, Northwestern Medical Faculty Foundation, the medical school's physician's group, joined Northwestern Memorial HealthCare (NMHC), the health system that includes Northwestern Memorial Hospital, forming
693-455: The downtown campus. Grading in education Grading in education is the application of standardized measurements to evaluate different levels of student achievement in a course. Grades can be expressed as letters (usually A to F), as a range (for example, 1 to 6), percentages, or as numbers out of a possible total (often out of 100). The exact system that is used varies worldwide. In some countries, grades are averaged to create
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#1732784038589726-401: The first grades issued at Yale (and possibly the first in the country) were given out in the year 1785, when President Ezra Stiles , after examining 58 Seniors, recorded in his diary that there were 'Twenty Optimi , sixteen second Optimi , twelve Inferiores ( Boni ), ten Pejores .'" By 1837, Yale had converted these adjectives into numbers on a 4-point scale, and some historians say this is
759-620: The medical department of Lind University on October 11, 1859. It was renamed the Chicago Medical College in 1863, and affiliated with Northwestern University in 1870. The Woman's Medical College of Chicago , established in 1870 as the Woman's Hospital Medical College , became affiliated with Northwestern in 1892 as Northwestern University Woman's Medical School . The college closed in 1902 as other schools in Chicago and
792-712: The nation began accepting women. In 1906, the Chicago Medical College was renamed Northwestern University Medical School . It had occupied buildings on the near south side of Chicago from 1863 until the Montgomery Ward Memorial Building was constructed in Streeterville in 1926. Northwestern University Medical School was renamed the Feinberg School of Medicine in 2002, reflecting a $ 75 million donation from
825-659: The officer to safety. Immediately afterwards, he rushed forward in full view of the enemy to attend a wounded sergeant, and having placed him in a shell-hole, dressed his wounds. The citation reads: His Majesty the KING has been graciously pleased to approve of the award of the Victoria Cross to:– Capt. Bellenden Seymour Hutcheson, Can. A. Med. Corps, attd. 75th Bn., 1st Central Ontario R. For most conspicuous bravery and devotion to duty on September 2nd, when under most intense shell, machine-gun and rifle fire, he went through
858-483: The origin of the standard modern American GPA scale. Bob Marlin argues that the concept of grading students' work quantitatively was developed by a tutor named William Farish and first implemented by the University of Cambridge in 1792. That assertion has been questioned by Christopher Stray, who finds the evidence for Farish as the inventor of the numerical mark to be unpersuasive. Stray's article also explains
891-407: The personalities of the children. In his opinion, grades are neither meaningful nor differentiated and therefore not helpful. For example, the questions whether a student has become more motivated, is more interested in a topic, has learned to deal better with failure and whether he has developed new ideas cannot be answered with grades. Instead, Precht suggests a differentiated written assessment of
924-767: The school offers four-year dual degree programs, which combine the Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree with a Master of Public Health (MPH), a Master of Arts in Medical Humanities and Bioethics (MA), a Master of Science in Healthcare Quality and Patient Safety (MS), or a Master of Business Administration (MBA). Students electing to pursue the additional degrees enroll in evening classes and graduate with both degrees. Two MD/PhD programs are offered, one in combination with Northwestern University's Graduate School ( Medical Scientist Training Program ) and one with
957-605: The students' learning and development path. In his opinion, the grading system comes from a psychologically and pedagogically uninformed era and does not belong in the 21st century. German educational innovator Margret Rasfeld criticizes the system of grades as unhelpful and, in her opinion, the resulting competitive thinking in schools and says: "School is there to organize success and not to document failure." German neuroscientist Gerald Hüther criticizes grades for being responsible for ensuring that students cannot specialize in any topic that they are enthusiastic about and have
990-666: The university opened a $ 560 million, 625,000 square-foot biomedical research building on the Chicago campus. The new building, the Louis A. Simpson and Kimberly K. Querrey Biomedical Research Center, is connected to the existing Robert H. Lurie Medical Research Center. A second phase of build out will eventually total 1.2 million square feet in the new building when complete. Additionally, more than 250,000 square feet of space in existing campus buildings has been converted to new laboratory space. In 2024, U.S. News & World Report ranked Feinberg in Tier 1 for Best Medical Schools:Research. In
1023-485: The university's Institute for Neuroscience. The school also offers graduate degree programs, some in combination with other Northwestern University professional schools: According to public financial data for Feinberg, support for competitive research grants from all external sources totaled $ 706 million in academic year 2022–2023. In 2022, Feinberg ranked 15th for NIH funding among American medical schools. The medical school houses more than 35 Core Facilities, including
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1056-528: The year prior, Feinberg had been ranked 13th among American medical research schools. The school is ranked 15th in the National Institutes of Health funding rankings among all American Medical Schools. The school's major affiliated teaching hospitals rank in U.S. News & World Report's Best Hospitals 2023 and 2024 as follows: Hosmer Johnson , Nathan Smith Davis , Ralph Isham, Edmund Andrews , David Rutter and William Byford co-founded
1089-605: Was awarded the MC in 1918 for attended to and dressing the wounded. On 2 September 1918 in France , Captain Hutcheson went through the Drocourt-Quéant Support Line with his battalion, remaining on the field until every wounded man had been attended to. He dressed the wounds of a seriously hurt officer under terrific machine-gun and shell fire, and with the help of prisoners and his own men, succeeded in evacuating
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