78-600: The Bendergasse was a former major street in the old town of Frankfurt . It ran from near Frankfurt Cathedral to the Römerberg square. From the Middle Ages till the destruction in the air raid on 22 March 1944 , it formed one of the main streets in the old town centre. It was a densely built street with gabled , multi-level and multi-cantilevered half-timbered houses in Gothic and Baroque architectural styles. It
156-399: A decision by the city council in 2007. A few former streets and squares that once stood in the area were rebuilt, most notably the historical coronation route of German emperors through the old town from the cathedral. The Altstadt is the smallest district of Frankfurt, covering less than half a square kilometre. The area is completely built-up with the only open spaces being accounted for by
234-430: A limited view". There were numerous half-timbered buildings in the old town area, however by the time of their destruction in the war, many went with little documentation and recognition because their status as notable historical buildings was only just being realised. As the war progressed, it became clear that the old town of Frankfurt am Main could become the target of aerial bombardment. The Federation of Friends of
312-560: A new interior since 2012 that was designed by the Kuehn Malvezzi architectural office. It bathes the foyer in alternating colors of light with the aid of modern RGB lighting technology. The name "Schirn" derives from the history of its location. The word originally denoted an "open sales booth." The site on which the Schirn Kunsthalle is currently situated was Frankfurt's densely populated historic city center until it
390-655: A raised, flood-proof plateau, the Dominsel (cathedral island). At the time it was protected to the north by a branch of the Main, the Brauchbach. This island represents the historic origin of the city and was presumably settled in the Neolithic era . Archaeological excavations in the 1950s and 1990s brought to light the remains of a Roman military camp, an Alamanni property yard and a Merovingian king's court. Legends of
468-478: A role in goods traffic; instead, the city's good transport links became the engine of the economic upswing. Around 1830 steam shipping was introduced on the Main, in 1836 Frankfurt joined the German Customs Union and as early as 1839 was an important node in the emerging German rail network. This economic boom passed the old town by. At the latest after the annexation of Frankfurt by Prussia in 1866,
546-649: A set of articles for the city of Frankfurt on behalf of the Grand Duke Carl Theodor von Dalberg, which basically remained in force until 1880. It made classicism mandatory as an architectural style. Hess was influenced by the spirit of the Enlightenment and campaigned radically for the architecture of classicism. He refused to preserve the numerous medieval buildings in Frankfurt because they did not meet his hygienic and aesthetic requirements. In
624-498: A special technical challenge. The underground junction of Willy-Brandt-Platz connects parts of the Altstadt, the rapid-transit system of Hauptwache and Konstablerwache to the north. Tram lines 11 and 12 operate along the central thoroughfare of Bethmannstrasse-Braubachstrasse-Battonnstrasse. At the start of the 20th century, two tram lines were laid through Altstadt, the first—the so-called Dienstmädchenlinie (Handmaid's line)—from
702-495: A style in keeping with the historical styles in the old town. Frankfurts old town was gradually recognised for its cultural and historical value as one of the best preserved old towns in Central Europe. The National Socialists planned to replace large parts of the old town with modern buildings in accordance with their ideology. A citizens' initiative, the association of active friends of the old town founded in 1922 under
780-569: A whole: the German Federal Court of Auditors of Berliner Straße which was relocated to Bonn , and the headquarters of Degussa from Weißfrauenstraße which moved to Düsseldorf . While the monument-listed building of the German Federal Court of Auditors is currently being redeveloped, the former Degussa building had been torn down, and the area has been redeveloped into flats and offices. Other important factors of
858-609: Is a quarter ( Stadtteil ) of Frankfurt am Main , Germany . It is part of the Ortsbezirk Innenstadt I and is located on the northern Main river bank. It is completely surrounded by the Innenstadt district, Frankfurt's present-day city centre. On the opposite side of the Main is the district of Sachsenhausen . The historic old town of Frankfurt was one of the largest half-timbered towns in Germany until
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#1732798449917936-418: Is clear from the description: The overload with carving and lappy artistry and the shapeless three- and four-story roofs make them easily recognizable by the eye. They do not belong to any order of architecture. The loss of prestige corresponded to a political and economic decline. The Frankfurt fair, which was held twice a year in the old town, had passed to Leipzig in the middle of the 18th century. With
1014-514: Is director of the Schirn, succeeding Philipp Demandt [ de ] . As of 2022 , more than 250 exhibitions have been presented at the Schirn since its opening. These have included major survey exhibitions on, for example, Viennese Art Nouveau, Expressionism , Dada and Surrealism , on "Esprit Montmartre," women Expressionists, "German Pop," on the history of photography, and on subjects such as shopping, art and consumption, visual art of
1092-583: Is located in Frankfurt's historic city center. Faced with light sandstone, it consists of several interlocking structures, each of which features a geometric floor plan. The most prominent structural element is an approximately 140-meter-long and 10-meter-wide 6-story hall, the actual exhibition building, which runs from east to west. Bangert designed the longhouse to resemble the Uffizi building in Florence. Additional structural elements are arranged somewhat to
1170-409: Is part of Frankfurt's Museumsufer (Museum Riverbank). The Schirn exhibits both modern and contemporary art. It is the main venue for temporary art exhibitions in Frankfurt. Exhibitions included retrospectives of Wassily Kandinsky , Marc Chagall , Alberto Giacometti , Bill Viola , and Yves Klein . The Kunsthalle opened in 1986 and is financially supported by the city and the state. Historically,
1248-662: Is the conversion of the Römer by Max Meckel (1896–1900). By the beginning of the 20th century, the structure of the old town had remained largely unchanged since the Middle Ages, as a comparison with Merian copper engravings shows. In the old town alone there were around 2,000 historic buildings. The wooden half-timbered houses were still predominant, although there were a few stone patrician houses and numerous public buildings. Almost all stone buildings were made of local red sandstone. The first really far-reaching structural change in
1326-850: The Centre Pompidou , the Tate Gallery , the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum , the Hermitage Museum , or the Museum of Modern Art . The Kunsthalle Schirn was designed and built beginning in 1983 by the Architekturbüro BJSS [ de ] (Dietrich Bangert, Bernd Jansen, Stefan Jan Scholz, and Axel Schultes). The opening took place on 28 February 1986. The Kunsthalle has an overall exhibition space of more than 2,000 m (22,000 sq ft). The Schirn
1404-595: The Dom-Römer project which brought back nearby streets that are reminiscent of the Bendergasse. Bendergasse and most of the old town of Frankfurt, had reached its basic form by the end of the 12th century. It connected the large squares between the cathedral and Römerberg. Around the middle of Bendergasse was a small street called Lange Schirn , which connected the nain market street with Saalgasse street. Also near here were two important historic buildings known as
1482-531: The Innenstadt equated to the historic Neustadt, an expansion in 1333. The Jewish ghetto of the Judengasse was established On the border between the two. Over the course of the centuries, the population of the city always continued to increase, whereby the population density of the Altstadt continuously increased. The buildings finally had up to five full storeys and (due to the usual, very steep roofs) several attics. Each floor protruded outwards in excess of
1560-517: The Mozart family stayed at Haus Bendergasse 3 during their first stay in Frankfurt. Leopold Mozart scratched the inscription in the window of his accommodation with his ring: In the 19th century, wealthy citizens left the old town and moved to the new districts outside the ramparts. Small craftsmen and working-class families primarily lived in the old town. By dividing the formerly spacious apartment buildings, living conditions became ever tighter. At
1638-713: The Zeil past the Trierischen Hof (hotel) in the direction of the cathedral, the other along the newly laid Brauchbachstrasse in an east to west direction. While the Dienstmädchen line was never successful and had been shut down after the First World War , the east–west line remained and is now known as the Altstadtstrecke. In 1986 its redundant status was brought to an end due to the intervention of
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#17327984499171716-417: The "renovation by demolition" that was common until the 1970s, which was carried out in some of the courtyards that were completely built up over the centuries. The Nazi city administration under Mayor Friedrich Krebs used the project to change the social structure of the old town in terms of its ideology. They believed that old-established residents of the old town should be placed in new housing developments on
1794-490: The 1950s and 60s. A handful of the most important historic buildings, churches and squares were restored or reconstructed, especially around the main square, the Römerberg . However, from 2012 to 2018, a small section of the old town was reconstructed. A construction project known as the Dom-Römer project , restored a small section of the old town between the Imperial Cathedral and the Römer town hall, following
1872-423: The 19th century, Frankfurt was considered one of the most beautiful cities in Germany due to the numerous classical buildings. The medieval old town, on the other hand, was considered backward and outdated. Goethe made Mephisto scoff at the old town: The city historian Anton Kirchner also wrote about the buildings of the old town in 1818 in his panel work Views of Frankfurt am Main . The classicist zeitgeist
1950-473: The Altstadt) and two for Sachsenhausen . Each area placed a militarily organised citizen's resistance under the command of a civilian captain, which the only democratically elected department in the otherwise corporate composed imperial city. Substantial changes to the cityscape only occurred after a large fire in 1719 when 430 houses burnt down in the north east Altstadt. In order to prevent such disasters in
2028-536: The Bendergasse can be found in a document from 1324. In Latin writings of this time it is referred to as vicus doliatorum . Until the end of the Holy Roman Empire and the Free Imperial City in 1806, the old town was the lively centre of the city. The cityscape remained essentially unchanged for centuries, as can be seen in a bird's eye view plan from 1628 by Matthäus Merian. In August 1763,
2106-547: The Carolingian wall at this time. Recent publications cautiously point out that at the earliest from the middle of the 10th century there was a very long transition from the post house to the half-timbered building with stone foundations. The scanty finds actually point to a slow expansion of the city limits at that time. After the Carolingian Palatinate probably ended with a fire between 1017 and 1027 and
2184-629: The German term "Schirn" denotes an open-air stall for the sale of goods, and such stalls were located here until the 19th century. The area was destroyed in 1944 during the Second World War and was not redeveloped until the building of the Kunsthalle. As an exhibition venue, the Schirn enjoys national and international renown, which it has attained through independent productions, publications, and exhibition collaborations with museums such as
2262-399: The Main and the river bank, the streets, squares and backyards. The construction descends predominantly from the reconstruction phase of the post-war era, aside from which there are numerous historical buildings partly reconstructed after their destruction in the Second World War . Approximately 3,400 people reside in the Altstadt of which an estimated 32% are of foreign origin. This is above
2340-460: The Main. In the middle of the district Neue Kräme connected the two largest squares of the Altstadt, Liebfrauenberg to Römerberg and further towards the south lying Fahrtor on the bank of the Main and the harbour there. The Fahrgasse ran east of the cathedral from Bornheimer Gate near today's Konstablerwache to the Main bridge. It was one of the most busy streets for Frankfurt traffic in the 20th century. The majority of Frankfurt's inhabitants lived in
2418-662: The Old Town, therefore, often with the help of external institutions such as the students from the Frankfurt School of Engineering or retired architects, had the entire existing building stock photographed and drawn as of summer 1942. Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt The Schirn Kunsthalle is a Kunsthalle in Frankfurt, Germany, located in the old city between the Römer and the Frankfurt Cathedral ; it
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2496-671: The Royal Palatinate Frankfurt was only created under the son of the legendary founder, Ludwig the Pious, between 815 and 822. According to the current state of research, the core settlement was on the Samstagsberg. Archaeological digs on the Römerberg , and most recently near the Alte Nikolaikirche, revealed slight remains of a wall to be considered Carolingian, which would presumably have surrounded
2574-592: The Scharnhäuser which had connections to the early life of the German writer Johann von Goethe . There were several narrow passages and side streets to the Bendergasse: in the north the narrow Stinkgäßchen connected Bendergasse to the Five- Finger Square , one of the most picturesque squares in the old town. On the southern end, the streets Dreckgäßchen and Lange Schirn, and further west
2652-551: The Schirn as an exhibition venue. His successor was Hellmut Seemann [ de ] . The Austrian Max Hollein was the director from 2001 to 2016. In 2006 Hollein also took over the directorship of the Städel Museum and the Liebieghaus . With exceptional exhibitions, provocative titles, and improved financial resources he has increased the number of visitors to the Schirn threefold. Since 2022, Sebastian Baden
2730-660: The Stalin era, the Nazarenes, and new Romanticism in contemporary art. As of 2022 , more than 9.5 million people have visited the Schirn. Monograph exhibitions have been presented on artists such as Yves Klein , Wassily Kandinsky , Alberto Giacometti , Henri Matisse , James Ensor , James Lee Byars , Yves Klein , László Moholy-Nagy , Georges Seurat , Odilon Redon , Phillip Guston , Jean-Michel Basquiat , Edvard Munch , Théodore Géricault , Frida Kahlo and Helene Schjerfbeck . Recent exhibitions: Some of
2808-438: The beginning of the 20th century it was not uncommon for a dozen families to live in the rather dilapidated half-timbered houses in the old town. The hygienic conditions improved with the construction of a sewer system in 1867. Traffic conditions remained cramped. At the beginning of the 20th century, there were trams and major road breakthroughs on Braubachstrasse and Bethmannstrasse streets but they did not reach this part of
2886-400: The cathedral and the Römer, all the houses burned down, including Bendergasse. Only remains of the stone ground floors survived the firestorm. In May 1947, the Frankfurt magistrate decided that a comprehensive restoration of the old town was out of the question, apart from a few striking monuments. The rubble was completely cleared in the area between the cathedral and the Römer until 1950. While
2964-462: The city administration to preserve the old town as an overall monument; they took place simultaneously in Hamburg , Cologne , Braunschweig , Kassel and Hanover , among others. In Frankfurt, the distinction was made between 'clearing out'; newbuild or reconstructive addition, and the exposure of half-timbering. 'Clearing out' was a euphemism for in part extensive gutting measures, in modern usage
3042-529: The city's founding name Karl the Great as the city's founder, which corresponds to the oldest known documents (Frankfurt council, 794), but contradicts the archaeological findings. Around the start of the 2nd millennium, the city expanded to the west of today's Römerberg. One of the oldest city walls, the Staufenmauer , was built round these two areas, which make up today's Altstadt. The adjacent district of
3120-596: The city. Ships are still moored there today; however, these only serve tourists along the Main and the Rhine . Ships transporting goods are instead found, as in the city's early days, in the main harbours of Frankfurt. The city's founding legend names Charlemagne as the city's founder, which corresponds to the oldest surviving documentary mention on the occasion of a donation to the St. Emmeran monastery near Regensburg on 22 February 794, but not to any archaeological finds. Accordingly,
3198-478: The construction of an alluvial sewage system based on the English model from 1867. More and more houses were connected to the drinking water network, especially after the construction of a pipeline from Vogelsberg in 1873. In the course of industrialisation after 1870, numerous workers flocked to the city and quickly found cheap housing in the dilapidated buildings. Large parts of the old town were now considered to be
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3276-402: The construction of the most important public buildings, most recently the town hall which was rebuilt in 1405, fell into this first political and economic heyday through the acquisition of numerous imperial privileges. The Altstadt is on the right bank of the Main on the outer edge of a gentle bend in the river. Here was the ford which gave the city its name. In the place of today's cathedral was
3354-496: The construction pit. The construction of the underground car park also raised the floor level by several meters. The western end of Bendergasse was built over in 1971/72 with the construction of a history museum. In 1983, a building complex consisting of reconstructed houses on the east side of Römerberg was built here. The Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt was also built in this time. This monumental, 140 meter long, 10 meter wide and five storey high exhibition hall runs almost exactly over
3432-496: The course of which is still clearly visible in the shape of the city due to minor remains above ground. Until the destruction of the Second World War, the street map was still recognisable from this period. This is clear from an impression of the street network from the early 14th century which shows that the Altstadt had already taken the form it would take for centuries. Most of the church and monastery foundations and
3510-538: The densely populated Altstadt, while the Neustadt remained characteristically suburban until far into the 18th century with loose land development and agriculture featuring prominently in contrast with Altstadt. The city in general was divided into fourteen parts after the Fettmilch uprising of 1614. Seven of these formed the relatively small Altstadt, five belonged to the Neustadt (which made it three times bigger than
3588-492: The direction of art historian Fried Lübbecke, opposed these efforts. As of the early 1940s, when these restorations came to a stand still due to the war, more than 600 buildings had been renovated. After the National Socialist seizure of power in 1933 , the new regime elevated Altstadtgesundung (old town healing) into a prestige project. In Nazi Germany , this neologism was an umbrella term for measures taken by
3666-522: The district president in Darmstadt . In the meantime the Altstadtstrecke gained a firm place in local public passenger transport, especially with the Ebbelwei-express, which serves an exclusive tourist route. Three bridges lead out of the Altstadt over the Main; Alte Brücke , Eiserner Steg and Untermainbrücke. The Mainkai (Main quay), as the name suggests, stands on the oldest harbour in
3744-555: The eastern part until the destruction of the Second World War was reflected by the parcels within their former borders. In the 9th century the Palatinate Franconofurd developed into one of the political centres of the eastern Franconian empire. Around the year 1000, the old town area was fortified under the Ottonian dynasty with a wider wall ring. It is unclear whether the core settlement had already expanded beyond
3822-504: The economy are the retail and tourist industries. Although there were still numerous small industrial businesses in the narrow lanes up until the Second World War, the retail sector now outweighs all other types of business. Particularly in Neue Kräme and Töngesgasse many niche eateries can be found. In Berliner Straße there a numerous shops specialised on Asian tourists who come to the city for extensive shopping trips. The Fahrgasse and
3900-909: The end of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, imperial coronations no longer took place. The economic and political focus of Frankfurt has been the Neustadt since the Napoleonic Wars . After the restoration of the Free City of Frankfurt at the Vienna Congress, the Bundestag took its seat here in the Palais Thurn and Taxis. Frankfurt became the European financial centre with the banking houses Bethmann, Rothschild and Gontard. The trade fair business no longer played
3978-460: The extensive destruction in World War II with its around 1250 half-timbered houses, most of which date from the Middle Ages. It was one of the most important tourist attractions for Germany. The historic old town was largely destroyed by the air raids on Frankfurt am Main in 1944 . The streets and the entire district are predominantly characterized by quickly and easily erected buildings from
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#17327984499174056-452: The future the council intensified construction specifications in 1720. Between 1740 and 1800 around 3,000 houses were either adapted or built anew. The number and width of overhangs were drastically limited. As well as that houses had to be built in future with the eaves side facing the road. Only small attics were certified as opposed to gabled dormers . In 1785, Johann Georg Christian Hess took office as city architect. In 1809 he wrote
4134-406: The general construction in the old town began in 1952 and was essentially completed in 1960, the area between the cathedral and the Römer remained a wasteland and the future shape of it was long debated. In 1970/71 the north of Bendergasse was built on with an underground station and a two-story underground garage above. The largely preserved medieval vaulted cellars were destroyed in the excavation of
4212-469: The half-timbering exposed (for example at the house Schwarzer Stern ) and the living conditions improved by gutting and removing the narrow passageways and backyards. The emerging tourism made Frankfurt's old town a popular travel destination and the Gothic canyon of Bendergasse was a frequently photographed postcard motif. On 22 March 1944, an air raid destroyed the historic old town. In the district between
4290-402: The largest employer in the old part of the city is the city's administration. Even today the Altstadt is the political centre of the city. The city council, magistrates and a considerable part of the city departments are located in Römer square, either in the town hall itself or in the surrounding properties. In the past years, two other important facilities abandoned the Altstadt and the city as
4368-410: The monumental main entrance. It is the Schirn's highest structure and consists of a single open space, through which one enters the Schirn. After passing through the rotunda, a chasm cut into the building runs along the old Bendergasse . A further semicircular structural element follows to the north, beyond Bendergasse, which with a somewhat more than twofold radius features the same center of circle as
4446-408: The most meaningful sights such as Paulskirche , Römer , and the Frankfurt Cathedral , as well as being the seat of the city's administrative branch. In the north of the district the retail industry is well represented, particularly in Neue Kräme and Töngesgasse. Residential flats are found in the east in an area which also contains most of Frankfurt's art trade (Braubachstraße and Fahrgasse). By far
4524-526: The new town and in the new neighbourhoods emerging outside of the city walls, which were torn from 1804 to 1808, he effortlessly prevailed with his ideas, but in the old town he encountered stubborn resistance from conservative citizens. Only the new public buildings emerging in the old town, e.g. B. the Paulskirche (1833) or the Alte Börse (1843) on Paulsplatz corresponded to his classicist ideal. In
4602-404: The new town with their customers. When the new small market hall between Fahrengasse and Hasengasse was built between 1877 and 1878, the traditional parapets also disappeared. The former Coronation Trail Markt no longer deserved its name, which was a symbol of the beginning of the social and structural deterioration of the old town. The horse-drawn tram, which started operating in 1872, did not reach
4680-693: The north side of the old Bendergasse. As part of the Dom-Römer project , the archaeological garden with the preserved remains of the Roman settlement and the Carolingian-Ottonian royal palatinate Frankfurt was built over. The event and museum building, which was completed in June 2016, form the new north side of Bendergasse. 50°6′37.0″N 8°40′59.2″E / 50.110278°N 8.683111°E / 50.110278; 8.683111 Altstadt (Frankfurt am Main) The Altstadt ( old town )
4758-502: The old town either. Early photographs of the old town, for example by Carl Friedrich Mylius, or the watercolors by Carl Theodor Reiffenstein, not only show the picturesque and beautiful sides of the old town, but are also witnesses of their decay. The first street widenings were made in the second half of the 19th century in order to better open the old town to traffic. In 1855 the Liebfrauengasse between Liebfrauenberg and Zeil
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#17327984499174836-539: The old town took place in the years 1904–1908 with the creation of a new road breakthrough; Braubachstrasse. This was in order to better open up the old town to traffic, especially for the tram. Around 100 old town houses, including art-historical complexes that date back to the Middle Ages, such as the Nürnberger Hof or the Hof Rebstock, were demolished. On the new road, historizing buildings were built, in
4914-566: The old town. Dilapidated houses were often demolished and not replaced, for example around 1864 the house Bendergasse 8 on the corner of the Langen Schirn street was demolished for this reason. From 1922 onwards, the Federation of Friends of the Old Town, on the initiative of the historian Fried Lübbecke, campaigned for the restoration of the old town and an improvement in its living conditions. Many old town houses were renovated with
4992-470: The one beneath it so the inhabitants of the highest floors could reach out and touch the hand of the person living on the other side of the alley. The Altstadt began to display a clear structure with three north–south axis identifiable: in the west the Kornmarkt ran between Bockenheimer Gate (to the church later erected and named Katharinenpforte) and Leonhardstor (tower) next to Leonhardskirche (church) on
5070-482: The outskirts of the city and the renovated old town apartments should primarily be awarded to traders, craftsmen and party members. In doing so, the city also wanted to correspond to its Nazi honorary title awarded in 1935 as the city of German crafts. Fried Lübbecke and the poet Alfons Paquet opposed the destruction of medieval buildings. Her submissions were disqualified as "shouting from old town fanatics who judge things of community life not even out of bad will but from
5148-525: The quarter around the Weckmarkt at the cathedral form the traditional centre for antique dealers in Frankfurt. The Altstadt is remarkably open because of its attachment to the suburban traffic network. The underground station "Dom/Römer", opened in 1974, connected the historical core of the city to the Underground lines 4 and 5. The building of the track and the station in the years 1968–74 represented
5226-405: The ratio of the entire town, but far under that of the other town quarters. The adjacent Neustadt, for example, is home to 44% non-German inhabitants. Museums and theatres dominate the western part of Altstadt and service jobs are a major part of the economy, especially along Weißfrauenstraße and Berliner Straße. The centre of Altstadt is a hot spot for the city's tourism industry, with tours around
5304-463: The residential area of the proletariat and poorer petty bourgeoisie, where poverty, prostitution and crime were rampant. At the same time, however, people began to discover the picturesque sides of the old town and to open it up to tourism . On many half-timbered buildings, the early 19th century plaster was removed and the infill was often painted traditionally, referring to Frankfurt's important past, so that well-known postcard motifs were created in
5382-479: The rotunda. This structure, separated from the main exhibition building by Bendergasse, houses the Schirn Café. A rectangular opening has been incorporated into the east end of this structural element in which an approximately three-story tall, oversized table with no specific purpose once stood at the street level, which was demolished within the scope of the Dom-Römer Project , the reconstruction of Frankfurt's historic city center, in August 2012. The Schirn has had
5460-411: The rulers of the Salians showed little interest in the city, the settlement activity only expanded again significantly with the active support of the Staufers in the 12th century. King Conrad III had a royal castle built on the Main in the middle of the 12th century with the Saalhof, which is still preserved in part. A little later, the urban area was enclosed by a wall named after the Swabian noble family,
5538-415: The settlement on the Samstagsberg and, in a continued process, would also satisfactorily explain the striking rounding of the plots on the former Goldhutgasse . If one follows this assumption, to the south the wall roughly followed the course of the later Bendergasse; however the northern and western extent can only be guessed at. Overall it is a typical, ring-like fortification, the former row of buildings in
5616-462: The small alley Gläsergäßchen between houses 29 and 31 which connected the Bendergasse with Saalgasse . The names of the passages such as Stinkgäßchen, meaning Stink lane, indicate the hygienic conditions in the densely populated old town. Nothing can be seen of the former course of the road in today's cityscape. There is a footpath known as Bendergasse which is located somewhat north of the old street but nothing else remains. The oldest mention of
5694-611: The touristically important places such as the Roseneck or the Five-Finger Square . As in the classicist era, however, many measures were limited to public buildings: in 1874, the medieval city weighhouse was demolished. Cathedral master builder Franz Josef Denzinger created a much larger neo-Gothic building, which was completed in 1877. Other large medieval buildings such as churches or patrician houses were restored or decorated in traditional style. The best-known example
5772-645: The wealthy citizens moved to the new districts outside the ramparts, especially to the Westend. The city centre gradually shifted to the new town, where numerous Wilhelminian style buildings were erected at the Hauptwache, the Zeil and the Roßmarkt. The former exhibition halls in the buildings of the old town were transformed into warehouses or second-hand shops, and the long-established craftsmen were forced to move to
5850-464: The west of the middle of this longhouse along an imaginary transverse axis: to the south, facing Saalgasse , a multistory cube with a rectangular floor plan (ca. 18 x 25 m), and adjoining it, parallel to the longhouse, an elongated rectangular expansion. The second most prominent structural element besides the main exhibition building follows on the north side of the main axis: the sky-domed rotunda, approximately twenty meters in diameter, which constitutes
5928-855: Was built, and in 1872 the Weißfrauengasse in the west to connect the old town with the railway stations at the Taunusanlage. The associated demolition of historical buildings, in particular the Weiße Hirsch , was accepted. The Lower Main Bridge and the Upper Main Bridge were built in 1874 and 1878. The Old Bridge and Fahrgasse lost their importance because the traffic flowed around the old town as far as possible. The medieval houses, not to mention their backyards, were now often in poor condition. The hygienic conditions improved with
6006-545: Was destroyed during the Second World War, on 22 March 1944. The sales booths of the city's butchers' guild stood in the narrow alleys between today's Schirn and the Main River until the mid-19th century. Christoph Vitali [ de ] was the director of the Schirn from 1985 to 1993, and during that same period the chief executive of the Kulturgesellschaft Frankfurt mbH. He established
6084-498: Was one of the most picturesque streets in the old town and served as a motif for numerous artists from the 19th century till its destruction. After a long period of wreckage after the war, Bendergasse was built over in 1986 with the Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt . The footpath along the north facade of the Schirn is listed as Bendergasse in today's city maps. A nearby area of the old town was rebuilt in 2016 in
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