Louise Evelina du Pont Crowninshield (August 3, 1877 – July 11, 1958) was an American heiress, historic preservationist, and philanthropist. She was the great-granddaughter of Éleuthère Irénée du Pont , founder of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company . Her estate at Eleutherian Mills near Wilmington, Delaware , became the Hagley Museum and Library in 1957.
26-737: Benjamin Williams Crowninshield (December 27, 1772 – February 3, 1851) served as the United States Secretary of the Navy between 1815 and 1818, during the administrations of Presidents James Madison and James Monroe . Crowninshield was born in Salem in the Province of Massachusetts Bay , the son of George Crowninshield (1734–1815) and Mary ( née Derby) Crowninshield (1737–1813) who married in 1757. His father
52-589: A member of the president's Cabinet until 1949, when the secretary of the Navy (and the secretaries of the Army and Air Force ) were by amendments to the National Security Act of 1947 made subordinate to the secretary of defense . On August 7, 2021, Carlos Del Toro was confirmed as secretary of the Navy. From 2001 to 2019, proposals to rename the Department of the Navy to the Department of
78-440: A naval architect who specialized in the design of racing yachts, and Francis Boardman Crowninshield (1869–1950), who married heiress Louise Evelina du Pont (1877–1958). Through his son Edward, Crowninshield was the grandfather of Frederic Crowninshield (1845–1918), the artist and author, and the great-grandfather of Francis Welch Crowninshield (1872–1947), the journalist, critic, and editor of Vanity Fair . Crowninshield
104-694: A service within the Department of the Navy, the secretary of the Navy has the same powers and duties with respect to the Coast Guard as the secretary of homeland security when the Coast Guard is not operating as a service in the Department of the Navy. The Office of the Secretary of the Navy , also known within DoD as the Navy Secretariat or simply just as the Secretariat in a DoN setting,
130-621: Is the National Trust's highest national honor and is awarded only to those who have proven "superlative achievement over time in the preservation and interpretation of our cultural, architectural or maritime heritage." Louise Crowninshield died on July 11, 1958, in Wilmington, Delaware. She was buried at Du Pont de Nemours Cemetery in New Castle County, Delaware . Her husband, Francis Crowninshield, had died in 1950, and
156-538: Is the immediate headquarters staff that supports the secretary in discharging his duties. The principal officials of the Secretariat include the under secretary of the Navy (the secretary's principal civilian deputy), the assistant secretaries of the Navy (ASN), the general counsel of the Navy , the judge advocate general of the Navy (JAG), the Naval inspector general (NIG), the chief of Legislative Affairs , and
182-590: The Massachusetts State Senate in 1812. Crowninshield became Secretary of the Navy in January 1815, a position almost held by his brother Jacob Crowninshield ten years earlier, and managed the transition to a peacetime force in the years following the War of 1812 . This included implementation of the new Board of Commissioners administrative system and the building of several ships of the line ,
208-746: The chief of naval research . The Office of the Secretary of the Navy has sole responsibility within the Department of the Navy for acquisition, auditing, financial and information management, legislative affairs, and public affairs. Pursuant to SecNavInst 5090.5F, the Department of the Navy Environmental Programs Manual , the secretary of the Navy and chief of naval operations recognize a number of commands annually for achievements in such areas as environmental quality , environmental cleanup , natural resources conservation , cultural resources management , pollution prevention , and recycling . The chief of naval operations and
234-660: The Marine Corps (CMC). The CNO and the Commandant act as the principal executive agents of the SECNAV within their respective services to implement the orders of the secretary. The United States Navy Regulations is the principal regulatory document of the Department of the Navy, and all changes to it must be approved by the secretary of the Navy. Whenever the United States Coast Guard operates as
260-663: The Navy and Marine Corps, which would have also renamed the secretary of the Navy to the secretary of the Navy and Marine Corps , were introduced with wide support in the United States Congress , but failed due to the opposition of Senator and retired U.S. Navy officer John McCain . The Department of the Navy (DoN) consists of two uniformed services : the United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps . The secretary of
286-404: The Navy is responsible for, and has statutory authority ( 10 U.S.C. § 8013 ) to "conduct all the affairs of the Department of the Navy", i.e. as its chief executive officer, subject to the limits of the law, and the directions of the president and the secretary of defense. In effect, all authority within the Navy and Marine Corps, unless specifically exempted by law, is derivative of
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#1732772781355312-400: The administration of the military justice system for the Navy & the Marine Corps, including the authority to convene general courts-martial and to commute sentences. The principal military advisers to the SECNAV are the two service chiefs of the naval services: for matters regarding the Navy the chief of naval operations (CNO), and for matters regarding the Marine Corps the commandant of
338-451: The authority vested in the secretary of the Navy. Specifically enumerated responsibilities of the SECNAV in the aforementioned section are: recruiting, organizing, supplying, equipping, training, mobilizing, and demobilizing. The secretary also oversees the construction, outfitting, and repair of naval ships, equipment, and facilities. SECNAV is responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies and programs that are consistent with
364-636: The backbone of a much enhanced Navy. He also oversaw strategy and naval policy for the Second Barbary War in 1815. After leaving Navy office in 1818, Crowninshield returned to business and political affairs in Massachusetts, prospering in both. In addition to serving two more terms in the Massachusetts House, he was also elected to four terms the United States Congress from 1823 to 1831. On January 1, 1804, Crowninshield
390-725: The commandant of the Marine Corps have their own separate staffs, the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (also known by its acronym OPNAV) and Headquarters Marine Corps . (Post of Secretary of Marine created but remained vacant) Louise E. du Pont Crowninshield Louise du Pont was born on the Winterthur Estate to parents Henry Algernon du Pont and Mary Pauline Foster. She and her younger brother, Henry Francis du Pont , were their parents' only children who survived past infancy and therefore became
416-584: The du Pont family house at Eleutherian Mills, collected antiques and decorative arts, and planted gardens. She belonged to numerous historical societies and horticultural organizations. During the Truman administration, she served on the committee to redecorate the White House. She helped to restore and furnish the Dutch House and George Washington's birthplace at Wakefield House with period objects. She
442-506: The family shipping business, Geo. Crowninshield & Sons, serving at sea. In 1811, Crowninshield was elected to the Massachusetts House of Representatives as a prominent benefactor of the first gerrymander . The redistricting of Essex county into two separate State House districts had led to the term gerrymander , with Crowninshield, who had lost the previous year's Senate seat in a combined Essex County, being placed in
468-591: The head ( chief executive officer ) of the Department of the Navy , a military department within the United States Department of Defense . By law, the secretary of the Navy must be a civilian at least five years removed from active military service. The secretary is appointed by the president and requires confirmation by the Senate . The secretary of the Navy was, from its creation in 1798,
494-503: The heirs to the du Pont fortune. A socialite who mingled in elite society in New York and Washington, DC, Louise du Pont married Boston Brahmin and professional yachtsman Francis Boardman Crowninshield on June 28, 1900. The couple split their time between Marblehead, Massachusetts ; Boca Grande, Florida ; and Eleutherian Mills near Wilmington, Delaware . Passionate about historic preservation, Louise du Pont Crowninshield restored
520-820: The house and in 1861 deeded it to the Association for the Relief of Aged Women. Located next to the Salem Maritime National Historic Site , the house is now called the Brookhouse Home for Aged Women . Through his son Francis, he was the grandfather of Benjamin Williams Crowninshield (1837–1892), a soldier in the Civil War and merchant, and the great-grandfather of Bowdoin Bradlee Crowninshield (1867–1948),
546-610: The national security policies and objectives established by the president or the secretary of defense. The secretary of the Navy is a member of the Defense Acquisition Board (DAB), chaired by the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics . Furthermore, the secretary has several statutory responsibilities under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) with respect to
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#1732772781355572-539: The new district specifically designed to favor Republicans over Federalists. Crowninshield would win his Senate seat by only 8 votes, over 100 votes less than the other Republican candidates. However, Crowninshield lost his seat in the State House the next year, with the Newburyport Herald printing an editorial cartoon of a dead gerrymander and listing "B.W.C." as a "chief mourner". He was elected to
598-619: Was a co-founder of the National Trust for Historic Preservation in 1949 and served as vice chair of the board in 1953. In the early 1950s, she was president of the National Council for Historic Sites and Buildings during its merger with the National Trust. In recognition of her services to historic preservation, the National Trust instituted an annual award, the Louise Evelina du Pont Crowninshield Award. This award
624-599: Was a sea captain and merchant of the Boston Brahmin Crowninshield family . His family owned the lands near Mineral Spring , where the first Crowninshield family was cradled in the country. His brothers included Congressman Jacob Crowninshield and George Crowninshield Jr. , who owned Cleopatra's Barge , the first yacht to cross the Atlantic. His sister Mary Crowninshield was the wife of Congressman Nathaniel Silsbee . Crowninshield worked in
650-509: Was also the great-great-grandfather of Charles Francis Adams III , also Secretary of the Navy from 1929 to 1933. He was the great-great-great-grandfather of famed Washington Post newspaper editor Ben Bradlee (1921–2014). The destroyer USS Crowninshield (DD-134) was named in his honor. United States Secretary of the Navy The secretary of the Navy ( SECNAV ) is a statutory officer ( 10 U.S.C. § 8013 ) and
676-690: Was married to Mary Boardman (1778–1840), the daughter of Francis Boardman and Mary (née Hodges) Boardman. Together, they were the parents of: On his death in Boston 1851, Benjamin Williams Crowninshield was interred in Mount Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge, Massachusetts . In 1810, Crowninshield, with Salem's premier architect Samuel McIntire , built a mansion at 180 Derby Street on the Salem Waterfront. Robert Brookhouse purchased
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