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27-542: The Bentinck family is a prominent family belonging to Dutch , German and British nobility . Its members have served in the armed forces and as ambassadors and politicians, including as Governor General of India and as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom . The family is related to the British royal family through the maternal Cavendish-Bentinck line of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother . The name Bentinck

54-552: A Royal Decree of 25 January 2002 (Government Gazette 41), due to the fact of her marriage to the Prince of Orange . In 2016, a survey was conducted among nobles in which at least a quarter stated that they support the resumption of (non-royal) ennoblements, while approximately a third opposed them and the rest had no or a weak opinion. Members of the Nederlandse Adelsvereniging, the organization which represents

81-534: A new title of nobility is created. There are seven titles of nobility. In order of precedence, these are Prince , Duke , Marquis , Count , Viscount , Baron and Knight . People in the nobility who have not been granted a title carry the predicate Jonkheer or Jonkvrouw . The Nederland's Patriciaat is a registry of non-noble armigerous families which have held influential roles in Dutch society for at least 150 years or six generations. Many families date from

108-458: A register of the nobility, the filiatieregister . In the constitutional amendment of 1848, the feudal society was abolished, and the constitutional role of the nobility again came to an end. The only legal privilege the nobility retained was the right to hold a predicate or a title. In 1994, the constitutional article was replaced by a separate Nobility Act which codified the existing practice. According to this law, nobility can still be granted in

135-708: A title of nobility in the Kingdom of the Netherlands . The existence of nobility was established in the Constitution of the Netherlands of 1814. Those who belong to the nobility were entitled to certain privileges, in particular to take a seat in the "Ridderschap", a former executive and legislative assembly at the regional or provincial level, and herewith the power to select members for the States-Provincial . . The nobility are currently regulated by

162-596: Is a patronymic variation of the Old Germanic name Bento. The family is originally from the east of the Netherlands and is regarded as Uradel nobility, or noble from earliest times. The oldest known ancestor is Johan Bentinck, who owned land near Heerde and is mentioned in documents between 1343 and 1386. An important British branch was founded by Hans Willem Bentinck, 1st Earl of Portland , who accompanied William Henry, Prince of Orange to England during

189-697: Is created. The electoral colleges for the (indirect) elections of the Senate and the House of Representatives of the States General consisted of the knighthoods, amongst others. In 1814, William I established the High Council of Nobility  [ nl ] which, as his advisory body, would help him re-establish a strong nobility. From then on, new members of the knighthoods would also be recruited from regent families. The Council started maintaining

216-629: The Glorious Revolution . The head of this line was initially given the title of Earl of Portland (later Duke of Portland ). In 1732, the title of Count Bentinck ( Graf Bentinck ), of the Holy Roman Empire , was created for Willem Bentinck , the second surviving son of the 1st Earl of Portland. A Royal Licence of 1886 was created which allowed the use of this title in Britain. The Royal Warrant of 27 April 1932 abolished

243-643: The Grand Duke of Oldenburg . Count Bentinck fought for his little state, however, and at the Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1818, the Great Powers agreed that the Count's territory should be granted limited sovereignty. The Frankfurt Convention of 10 July 1819 recognised In- and Kniphausen as sovereign within its own borders but under the protection of Oldenburg. The Treaty of Berlin on 8 June 1825 finalized

270-674: The Kingdom of Prussia and the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg provided for the handover of 340 hectares of Oldenburg territory at what is now Wilhelmshaven , Germany , on the western shore of the Jade Bight , a bay of the North Sea west of Bremerhaven . It was considered the best natural deep-water port in the German North Sea coast, and a good place for the naval base Prussia wished to build. The navy base built there became

297-609: The Dutch nobility in CILANE , are more likely to support ennoblements, and are more likely to uphold traditional noble values and marry endogamously. In 2020, nobility expert and director of the foundation Stichting Adel in Nederland John Töpfer also spoke out in favor of a new ennoblements in a radio interview. The continuing practice of hereditary ennoblements in Belgium is often cited by proponents of new nobility in

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324-535: The King, and the ways in which this could happen were clarified by Sovereign Decree no. 60, signed on 13 February 1815. Initially this was by appointment into the re-established knighthoods, but after several years exclusively through acknowledgement, incorporation or elevation. These terms refer to the acknowledgement of indigenous titles of nobility existing before 1795, the incorporation of originally foreign titles of nobility, and elevation where an entirely new title

351-526: The Netherlands. Someone belongs to the Dutch nobility when either they have been granted nobility by Royal Decree, or when their father belonged to the nobility. Nobility is inherited exclusively through male lineage, which means that while daughters belong to the nobility as well, they are unable to pass it to their children. Someone can be granted nobility through acknowledgement of indigenous titles of nobility existing before 1795, through incorporation of foreign titles of nobility, or through elevation, in which

378-586: The Nobility Act, passed into law on 1 August 1994, and is overseen by the High Council of Nobility  [ nl ] , an official state institution of the Kingdom of the Netherlands which also maintains the official nobility register. During the period between 1581 and 1795, when the Netherlands was a republic ( Republic of the Seven United Netherlands ), the native nobility kept their constitutional significance. In each province,

405-654: The dissolution of the Holy Empire in 1806. The Lordship maintained a precarious independence until 1810, when France annexed it and the whole German North Sea coast to enforce the Continental System . At the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the Lordship was denied admittance to the German Confederation in deference to Tsar Alexander I , who wished to see the territory annexed by his cousin,

432-482: The family continue to exist and belong to the Dutch nobility , German nobility and British nobility . The counts of Bentinck were sovereign rulers of the Lordship of In- and Kniphausen, a territory of two parts in and around what is now the city of Wilhelmshaven . Originally subject to Brussels , the general reorganisation of the Holy Empire in 1803 ( Reichsdeputationshauptschluss ) granted Imperial immediacy until

459-637: The family mainly earns its living by forestry, agriculture and renting holiday houses. The British branch of the family owns Bothal Castle (Bothal Estates) in Northumberland and Welbeck Abbey (Welbeck Estates), the ancestral seat of the Dukes of Portland in Nottinghamshire. Gary Ramsay Bentinck, Baron Bentinck (1964), is head of both the British baronial branch and the Dutch family . At

486-694: The final settlement, Oldenburg and Prussia had negotiated the Treaty of Jade of 1853 in which Oldenburg agreed to sell 340 hectares of Kniphausen territory to Prussia as a naval station for its North Sea Fleet. The cession became the city of Wilhelmshaven. The Dutch estate of the Bentinck family since the 16th century, Schoonheten House  [ nl ] , is situated between the villages Heeten and Raalte in Overijssel . The area contains 5 km (1.9 sq mi) of forests and cultivated land. Today

513-752: The first non-noble to marry into the Dutch royal family, Mr. Pieter van Vollenhoven , is indeed a Dutch Patrician. Thus, it can be said that the Nobility and the Patriciate are two groups from which the aristocracy of the Netherlands is formed, and the relationship between them is somewhat reminiscent of that between the Peerage and the Gentry in Great Britain. Jade Treaty The Jade Treaty ( German : Jade-Vertrag ) of 20 July 1853 between

540-497: The moment, there are not so many of the Dutch Bentincks bearing this surname and belonging to the branch of the original family, such as Maxim (baptismal name Maxim Wilhelm Christian Fredrik) Bentinck and Anna Bentinck, direct descendants who are aristocrats. Dutch nobility The Dutch nobility was a small elite social class consisting of individuals or families recognized as noble , and with or without

567-649: The nobility was organised in knighthoods, which maintained representation in the States-Provincial . In 1795, after the Batavian Revolution , the positions and thus the nobility were abolished. With the establishment of the Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands in 1813, the rights of the nobility were restored, and the peerage regained official status. The Constitution established that nobility would be granted by

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594-402: The nobility, and the oldest families are even given the same status as Barons and Counts. Many Patrician families are non-noble branches of noble families, or descend from persons who were offered ennoblement but declined it. Just like nobility, membership in the Patriciate is hereditary in the legitimate male line. Intermarriage between nobles and members of Nederland's Patriciaat is common, and

621-668: The nucleus of today's Wilhelmshaven. Since before 1848 Prince Adalbert of Prussia had worked to build a Prussian navy. During the First Schleswig War of 1848-51, Prussia had virtually no navy. Within a few days the Danish navy had destroyed German maritime commerce in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea . By 1852 Prussia had started to expand its fleet and needed a good port on the North Sea, which it had lacked since

648-504: The republican era and are descendants of magistrates and merchants, but as membership in the Patriciate is, unlike nobility, not a legal distinction, and cannot be "closed" by law, new families are admitted every year. Thus, incorporation into Nederland's Patriciaat can be considered a substitution for ennoblement, a distinction families are accorded if they maintain a high level of merit and success for several generations. The Patriciate, or at least its older families, are considered equal to

675-541: The terms. In- and Kniphausen was permitted its own commercial flag, which its vessels bore on the high seas. Nevertheless, there was a long dispute between the Oldenburg and the Bentinck families in the latter's inheritance. This dispute was not ended until 1854 with a settlement in which the Bentinck family renounced its sovereignty for financial compensation and certain property rights. The Counts of Bentinck no longer claimed sovereignty over In- and Kniphausen. Even before

702-462: The three aforementioned ways, although the possibilities are significantly reduced. Elevation, which had not taken place since 1939 and was practically abolished by the council of ministers in 1953, has been reduced to the Royal House. Government policy has since focused on rewarding personal merit through royal decorations. The last elevation into the Dutch nobility concerns Princess Máxima , in

729-428: The use of foreign titles in the United Kingdom but extended the special allowance in 13 cases, including the Bentinck comital title "during the lives of the present holders, their heirs, and their heir's heir, provided such heir's heir is now in existence." That exception has now expired. Another branch with the title of count existed in the Netherlands, but it died out in the male line. The Dutch and British branches of

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