8-567: See text Berchemia is a genus of plants in the family Rhamnaceae , named after Dutch botanist Berthout van Berchem . They are climbing plants or small to medium-sized trees that occur in Asia and the Americas . This Rhamnaceae article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Rhamnaceae See text Frangulaceae DC. Phylicaceae J.Agardh Ziziphaceae Adans. ex Post & Kuntze The Rhamnaceae are
16-508: A large family of flowering plants , mostly trees, shrubs , and some vines, commonly called the buckthorn family . Rhamnaceae is included in the order Rosales . The family contains about 55 genera and 950 species. The Rhamnaceae have a worldwide distribution, but are more common in the subtropical and tropical regions. The earliest fossil evidence of Rhamnaceae is from the Late Cretaceous. Fossil flowers have been collected from
24-412: A thorn, the other one into a shoot. The flowers are radially symmetrical. There are 5 (sometimes 4) separate sepals and 5 (sometimes 4 or none) separate petals. The petals may be white, yellowish, greenish, pink or blue, and are small and inconspicuous in most genera, though in some (e.g. Ceanothus ) the dense clusters of flowers are conspicuous. The 5 or 4 stamens are opposite the petals. The ovary
32-780: Is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae . It was named for Antonio Condal , an 18th century Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shrublands in North and South America . The ranges of each species vary considerably; some are confined to only a few square miles, while others can be found on an area up to 1,000 sq mi (2,600 km ). Condalia species are often referred to as bluewood , purple haw , logwood , or snakewood in English. Some southern hemisphere species are known as "piquillín" or "yuna". The name snakewood
40-415: Is broadly used and does not indicate any particular species. Research performed on the members of Condalia usually concerns only the species native to North or South America ; taxonomy is determined for only one group of species. As a result, a consensus has not been reached regarding the composition of the genus. The amount of research conducted on the economic and medical uses of Condalia species
48-495: Is mostly superior, with 2 or 3 ovules (or one by abortion). The fruits are mostly berries, fleshy drupes , or nuts. Some are adapted to wind carriage, but most are dispersed by mammals and birds. Chinese jujube is the fruit of the jujube tree ( Ziziphus jujuba ) and is a major fruit in China. The American genus Ceanothus , which has several showy ornamental species, has nitrogen-fixing root nodules . Economic uses of
56-1156: The Rhamnaceae are chiefly as ornamental plants and as the source of many brilliant green and yellow dyes . The wood of Rhamnus was also the most favoured species to make charcoal for use in gunpowder before the development of modern propellants. Modern molecular phylogenetics recommend the following clade-based classification of Rhamnaceae: Elaeagnaceae ( outgroup ) Ventilago Bathiorhamnus Ampelozizyphus Doerpfeldia Maesopsis Scutia Rhamnus Frangula Sageretia Berchemia Rhamnidium Rhamnella Reynosia Krugiodendron Karwinskia Condalia Schistocarpeia Hovenia Ziziphus Paliurus Gouania Helinus Pleuranthodes Crumenaria Reissekia Lasiodiscus Colubrina Emmenosperma Noltea Trichocephalus Nesiota Phylica Granitites Alphitonia Adolphia Trevoa Discaria Kentrothamnus Condalia See text Microrhamnus A.Gray Condalia
64-597: The Upper Cretaceous of Mexico and the Paleocene of Argentina. Leaves of family Rhamnaceae members are simple , i.e., the leaf blades are not divided into smaller leaflets. Leaves can be either alternate or opposite . Stipules are present. These leaves are modified into spines in many genera, in some (e.g. Paliurus spina-christi and Colletia paradoxa ) spectacularly so. Colletia stands out by having two axillary buds instead of one, one developing into
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