Berastagi ( Dutch : Brastagi ), is a town and district of Karo Regency situated on a crossroads on the main route linking the Karo highlands of Northern Sumatra to the coastal city of Medan . Berastagi town is located around 66 km (41 mi) south of Medan and about 1,300 m (4,265 ft) above sea level. The village rose to significance when Dutch settlers in Sumatra opened a boarding school there in the 1920s.
20-611: Located in the Barisan Mountains area, the mean annual temperature of the district is 18 °C (64 °F). During the day the temperature rises over 25 °C (77 °F) but at night to early morning it could drop to as low as 12 to 16 °C (54 to 61 °F), it could also reach 9 °C (48 °F) during the rainy season. The weather can be fair and sunny during the day but may become foggy around dusk to night. The main economic activities in Berastagi centers on
40-559: Is 11 km (6.8 mi) from the capital of the Karo Regency in Kabanjahe . An airport bus from Kabanjahe directly to the new Kuala Namu International Airport v.v. is available. The small towns of Barusjahe and Tigapanah are located to the east of Berastagi, while Simpang Empat , is located to the west, Deli Serdang Regency to the north, and Kabanjahe to the south of Berastagi. There are 9 villages , called desa , in
60-538: Is at work while the mountains are being uplifted until the mountains are reduced to low hills and plains. The early Cenozoic uplift of the Rocky Mountains of Colorado provides an example. As the uplift was occurring some 10,000 feet (3,000 m) of mostly Mesozoic sedimentary strata were removed by erosion over the core of the mountain range and spread as sand and clays across the Great Plains to
80-503: Is sourced from the Study Archaeology 3°00′S 102°15′E / 3.000°S 102.250°E / -3.000; 102.250 Mountain range A mountain range or hill range is a series of mountains or hills arranged in a line and connected by high ground. A mountain system or mountain belt is a group of mountain ranges with similarity in form, structure, and alignment that have arisen from
100-548: Is the supervolcano Toba within the 100 km (62 miles) × 30 km (19 miles) Lake Toba, which was created after a caldera collapse (est. in 74,000 Before Present ). The eruption is estimated to have been at level eight on the VEI scale, the largest possible for a volcanic eruption. The following list is sourced from the Smithsonian Institution 's Global Volcanism Program. The following list
120-865: The Alpide belt . The Pacific Ring of Fire includes the Andes of South America, extends through the North American Cordillera , the Aleutian Range , on through Kamchatka Peninsula , Japan , Taiwan , the Philippines , Papua New Guinea , to New Zealand . The Andes is 7,000 kilometres (4,350 mi) long and is often considered the world's longest mountain system. The Alpide belt stretches 15,000 km across southern Eurasia , from Java in Maritime Southeast Asia to
140-551: The Annamite Range . If the definition of a mountain range is stretched to include underwater mountains, then the Ocean Ridge forms the longest continuous mountain system on Earth, with a length of 65,000 kilometres (40,400 mi). The position of mountain ranges influences climate, such as rain or snow. When air masses move up and over mountains, the air cools, producing orographic precipitation (rain or snow). As
160-804: The Iberian Peninsula in Western Europe , including the ranges of the Himalayas , Karakoram , Hindu Kush , Alborz , Caucasus , and the Alps . The Himalayas contain the highest mountains in the world, including Mount Everest , which is 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) high. Mountain ranges outside these two systems include the Arctic Cordillera , Appalachians , Great Dividing Range , East Siberians , Altais , Scandinavians , Qinling , Western Ghats , Vindhyas , Byrrangas , and
180-623: The Berastagi district. It is the smallest (30.5 km (11.8 sq mi)), but most densely populated (1,582 persons/square kilometre in 2020) district of Karo Regency. The elevation is 1,400 m (4,593 ft). Desa s with population (2007): The population of Berastagi district was 44,765 as of 2010 but increased to 48,244 in 2020. It is the second-most populous district in Karo Regency, after Kabanjahe . Berastagi District has significantly more Muslims than most parts of Karo Regency, with 17,801 Muslims, 5,042 Catholics, 29,195 Protestants, 1,245 Hindus or Buddhists, and 54 others, Sempajaya has
200-627: The air descends on the leeward side, it warms again (following the adiabatic lapse rate ) and is drier, having been stripped of much of its moisture. Often, a rain shadow will affect the leeward side of a range. As a consequence, large mountain ranges, such as the Andes, compartmentalize continents into distinct climate regions . Mountain ranges are constantly subjected to erosional forces which work to tear them down. The basins adjacent to an eroding mountain range are then filled with sediments that are buried and turned into sedimentary rock . Erosion
220-419: The colorful fruit and vegetable market, as well as tourism . Berastagi is famous for its passion fruit . The main attractions of the town are the two active volcanoes; Mount Sibayak , with its hot springs, and Mount Sinabung . Each mountain can be climbed in one day, but a guide is needed. The town is also a stop on the way to Lake Toba . The dominant ethnic and linguistic group is Karo Batak . Berastagi
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#1732782642375240-429: The district. Agriculture is much less important in Berastagi (and Kabanjahe) than in the rest of Karo Regency. Crops include scallions , common beans , peas , potatoes, cauliflower, cabbage, radish , Chinese cabbage , tomatoes, carrots, and chayote . Rice is not a significant crop. Fruit grown include oranges, passionfruit , kaki , and avocados. There is significantly more industry in the Berastagi district than in
260-485: The east. This mass of rock was removed as the range was actively undergoing uplift. The removal of such a mass from the core of the range most likely caused further uplift as the region adjusted isostatically in response to the removed weight. Rivers are traditionally believed to be the principal cause of mountain range erosion, by cutting into bedrock and transporting sediment. Computer simulation has shown that as mountain belts change from tectonically active to inactive,
280-613: The higher slopes. The highest peak of the range is Mount Kerinci at 3,800 metres (12,467 ft). The Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park is situated towards the southern end of the range in Liwa, Indonesia . The name Bukit Barisan actually means "row of hills" or "hills that make a row" in Malay , for the range stretches end to end along the island of Sumatra . There are 35 active volcanoes in Bukit Barisan. The largest volcano
300-536: The highest percentage of Muslims among the desas , being 67% Muslim. There are 28 mosques, 29 churches, and 2 Buddhist temples in the district. The town is ethnically diverse with many migrants from adjacent regions. Besides Karo Batak, who form the majority of the population, there is a substantial amount of Toba Batak, Javanese, and Chinese living in Berastagi. 97% of primary-age children attend school, but only 77% of high-school-age children. There are 26 primary schools, 8 intermediate schools, and 9 high schools within
320-525: The most visited tourist spot in Berastagi (Sibayaknews) 3°11′N 98°31′E / 3.183°N 98.517°E / 3.183; 98.517 Barisan Mountains The Bukit Barisan or the Barisan Mountains are a mountain range on the western side of Sumatra , Indonesia , covering nearly 1,700 km (1,050 mi) from the north to the south of the island. The Bukit Barisan range consists primarily of volcanoes shrouded in dense jungle cover, including Sumatran tropical pine forests on
340-627: The rate of erosion drops because there are fewer abrasive particles in the water and fewer landslides. Mountains on other planets and natural satellites of the Solar System, including the Moon , are often isolated and formed mainly by processes such as impacts, though there are examples of mountain ranges (or "Montes") somewhat similar to those on Earth. Saturn 's moon Titan and Pluto , in particular, exhibit large mountain ranges in chains composed mainly of ices rather than rock. Examples include
360-536: The rest of Karo Regency, aided by Berastagi's 100% paved roads. Due to its close distance from Medan , Berastagi was developed initially as an upper-class hill station for the European population in the plantation district around Medan. Today, Berastagi attracts a large amount of local as well as national and international tourists. Many investors developed several tourism sites, hotels, and lodges to attract visitors from Medan and elsewhere. Places of interest include
380-502: The same cause, usually an orogeny . Mountain ranges are formed by a variety of geological processes, but most of the significant ones on Earth are the result of plate tectonics . Mountain ranges are also found on many planetary mass objects in the Solar System and are likely a feature of most terrestrial planets . Mountain ranges are usually segmented by highlands or mountain passes and valleys . Individual mountains within
400-531: The same mountain range do not necessarily have the same geologic structure or petrology . They may be a mix of different orogenic expressions and terranes , for example thrust sheets , uplifted blocks , fold mountains, and volcanic landforms resulting in a variety of rock types . Most geologically young mountain ranges on the Earth's land surface are associated with either the Pacific Ring of Fire or
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