A deep-sky object ( DSO ) is any astronomical object that is not an individual star or Solar System object (such as Sun , Moon , planet , comet , etc.). The classification is used for the most part by amateur astronomers to denote visually observed faint naked eye and telescopic objects such as star clusters , nebulae and galaxies . This distinction is practical and technical, implying a variety of instruments and techniques appropriate to observation, and does not distinguish the nature of the object itself.
11-658: Berko may refer to: 95179 Berkó , an asteroid Berkhamsted , a town in Hertfordshire, UK Berko (surname) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Berko . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berko&oldid=1194654002 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
22-447: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages 95179 Berk%C3%B3 95179 Berkó ( provisional designation 2002 BO ) is a Massalian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt , approximately 1.4 kilometers (0.9 miles) in diameter. The likely S-type asteroid was discovered on 16 January 2002, by Hungarian astronomers Krisztián Sárneczky and Zsuzsanna Heiner at
33-711: The ecliptic . The first observation was made at Lincoln Laboratory's Experimental Test Site in August 2000, extending the body's observation arc by 17 months prior to its official discovery observation at Piszkéstető. Berkó has an absolute magnitude of 16.5. While its spectral type has not been determined, it is likely an S-type asteroid due to its membership to the Massalia family. As of 2018, its effective size, composition and albedo , as well as its rotation period , poles and shape remain unknown. Based on an assumed albedo of 0.21 – derived from 20 Massalia ,
44-764: The Konkoly Observatory's Piszkéstető Station northeast of Budapest, Hungary, and later named after Hungarian amateur astronomer Ernő Berkó . Berkó is an attributed member of the Massalia family ( FIN: 404 ), a large family of more than 6000 known asteroids, named after 20 Massalia , the family's parent body . The asteroid orbits the Sun in the inner main belt at a distance of 1.9–2.9 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,355 days; semi-major axis of 2.4 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.20 and an inclination of 2 ° with respect to
55-512: The Massalia family's parent body , Berkó measures 1.4 kilometers in diameter using an absolute magnitude of 16.5. This minor planet is named after Ernő Berkó (born 1955), a Hungarian amateur astronomer and independent discoverer of the supernova 1999by , as well as an observer of deep-sky objects and double stars . As of 2006, he has contributed to the WDS catalog with the discovery of more than 160 double stars. The official naming citation
66-485: The Messier catalog objects were discovered with relatively small 18th-century telescopes, it is a popular list with observers, being well within the grasp of most modern amateur telescopes. The Herschel 400 Catalogue is also a popular list with observers and is considered more challenging; it was designed for larger telescopes and experienced amateur astronomers. There are many astronomical object types that come under
77-498: The faintest objects need the light-gathering power of telescopes with large objectives , and since they are invisible to the naked eye, can be hard to find. This has led to increased popularity of GoTo telescopes that can find DSOs automatically, and large reflecting telescopes , such as Dobsonian style telescopes, with wide fields of view well suited to such observing. Observing faint objects needs dark skies, so these relatively portable types of telescopes also lend themselves to
88-482: The magazine's first edition in 1941. Houston's columns, and later book compilations of those columns, helped popularize the term, each month giving the reader a guided tour of a small part of the sky highlighting well-known and lesser-known objects for binoculars and small telescopes. There are many amateur astronomical techniques and activities associated with deep-sky objects. Some of these objects are bright enough to find and see in binoculars and small telescopes. But
99-511: The majority of amateurs who need to travel outside light polluted urban locations. To cut down light pollution and enhance contrast, observers employ nebular filters , which are designed to admit certain wavelengths of light and block others. There are organized activities associated with DSOs such as the Messier marathon , which occurs at a specific time each year and involves observers trying to spot all 110 Messier objects in one night. Since
110-484: The objects he was actually searching for. As telescopes improved these faint nebulae would be broken into more descriptive scientific classifications such as interstellar clouds , star clusters, and galaxies. "Deep-sky object", as an astronomical classification for these objects, has its origins in the modern field of amateur astronomy. The origin of the term is unknown but it was popularized by Sky & Telescope magazine's "Deep-Sky Wonders" column, which premiered in
121-486: Was published by the Minor Planet Center on 6 January 2007 ( M.P.C. 58597 ). Deep-sky object Classifying non-stellar astronomical objects began soon after the invention of the telescope. One of the earliest comprehensive lists was Charles Messier 's 1774 Messier catalog , which included 103 "nebulae" and other faint fuzzy objects he considered a nuisance since they could be mistaken for comets,
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