Misplaced Pages

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32-485: The Berkeley Unified School District was formed in 1936 by the merger of the city's elementary and high school districts. District administrative offices were originally (in the late 19th century) at or near the Kellogg School (above Shattuck Avenue between Center Street and Allston Way). In 1927, a two-story administration building was completed at 2325 Milvia Street (at the corner of Durant Avenue, across from

64-415: A pink-colored curb reserved for protesting parking. Further south the street is the home to La Peña Cultural Center , the nation's Chilean American cultural capitol. [REDACTED] Media related to Shattuck Avenue (California) at Wikimedia Commons Temescal Creek (Northern California) Temescal Creek ( Temescal , Mexican Spanish for " sweat lodge ") is one of the principal watercourses in

96-524: A plat map with the object of selling parcels of land near the site of the present University of California . This map proposed names for several streets in a grid pattern, incorporating the alignment of Shattuck's Road, but designating it "Guyot Street". The name never stuck. By the time of the incorporation of the Town of Berkeley in 1878, Shattuck's Road had become Shattuck Avenue. By that time also, it had been extended northward to Rose Street. Additionally,

128-464: Is a perennial stream , and as such, was highly valued by early settlers . At its mouth, the indigenous Ohlone people (Chochen/Huichin band), and their predecessors, built up the shellmound of Emeryville , the largest and most studied shellmound on the shoreline of San Francisco Bay. When the area was part of the Peralta's Rancho San Antonio, the site near the shellmound was one of the landings for

160-548: Is home to many anchor and small retailers, in addition to being a bustling restaurant district. The street is a major gathering place for protestors, as it is effectively the city's Main Street and connects with other major arterials including Ashby Avenue , University Avenue , and Telegraph Avenue . It was also the site of the Berkeley Marine Corps Recruiting Center protests and features

192-485: Is the location of the Gourmet Ghetto , an unofficial district known for its density of restaurants. From there the street leads south to Downtown Berkeley . Shattuck is an important north–south arterial roadway for northern Alameda County connecting the downtowns of Berkeley and Oakland . In the early 20th century the road included commuter train and streetcar tracks. Today BART carries commuters underground on

224-664: The 1923 fire , of Hillside Elementary . In 1943, Ruth Acty was hired to teach kindergarten at Longfellow school and became the district's first African American teacher. In 1979, the district offices moved to the Old City Hall at 2134 Martin Luther King Way, and in 2012 to 2020 Bonar Street (originally Luther Burbank Junior High School, then Berkeley High School West Campus, and finally the Berkeley Adult School). During and following World War II ,

256-673: The Central Pacific , at Shattuck's urging, had constructed its Berkeley Branch Railroad which merged into Shattuck at Adeline Avenue. In later years, this line was assigned to the Southern Pacific and eventually electrified and extended as the East Bay Electric Lines . Streetcars and transbay trains of the competing Key System also ran on Shattuck in Berkeley. In North Berkeley , Shattuck Avenue

288-748: The Grove Shafter Freeway starting near the Caldecott Tunnel and underneath the interchange with State Route 13 . It joins the south fork at Lake Temescal. Before the Caldecott tunnel project (1934–37), this fork entered the lake via a prominent inlet that was traversed by a trestle bridge of the Sacramento Northern Railroad . The inlet was filled in and the trestle replaced by a large concrete embankment which exists to this day. The south fork begins in

320-682: The Rockridge-Temescal Greenbelt parallel to Claremont Avenue between the Grove Shafter Freeway and Telegraph Avenue . A pumping station at the top of the greenbelt diverts water from the tunnel and pumps it up to the surface creek. After Telegraph Avenue the tunnel continues east underneath the Temescal Community Garden and Temescal Creek Parks, then follows 53rd Street through Emeryville to its mouth at Bay Street . Temescal Creek

352-462: The "Temescal Road", is depicted on the first official plat map of the area, Kellersberger's Map . A trace of it survives today as Racine Street in North Oakland. During the 1850s, Francis Shattuck and three others laid claim to four adjoining strips of land in what is now downtown Berkeley. The dividing line between the parcels claimed by Shattuck and his brother-in-law George Blake became

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384-543: The African American population of Berkeley, as in the entire region, increased substantially. However, the practice of racial covenants in property title deeds, together with informal discrimination ("de facto"), had resulted in the black population being concentrated in certain sections of the city, primarily in the southwestern portions . Consequently, public schools serving those areas had a disproportionately high number of blacks while virtually no blacks attended

416-515: The Fall of 1968, the elementary schools were integrated, utilizing the district's own expanded bus fleet. Berkeley's integration plan, substantially modified, remains in place today. The Berkeley school district has evolved from a race-based to a geography-based integration plan. The school district is governed by the Berkeley Board of Education. It consists of five voting members (elected by

448-553: The Mexican era, a trail or road ran between the homes of the Peralta brothers, Domingo and Vicente. Domingo made his home along Codornices Creek near what is today the intersection of Sacramento and Hopkins Streets in Berkeley. Vicente's home was situated along Temescal Creek near what is today the intersection of 55th Street and Telegraph Avenue in North Oakland. The route of this early predecessor road, which came to be called

480-562: The alignment of a new county road whose construction the Board of Supervisors assigned to Francis Shattuck, a member of the board. The new road was laid out from where Strawberry Creek intersected the old Temescal Road, thence along the new alignment, extending southward to a gore point intersection with the Telegraph Road (today's Telegraph Avenue). The road became known as "Shattuck's Road". Francis Shattuck built his new home above

512-543: The city of Oakland, California , United States. The word "temescal" is derived from temescalli/temazcalli (variously transliterated), which means " sweat house " in the Nahuatl language of Mexico . The name was given to the creek when it became part of the Peralta's Rancho San Antonio . It is surmised that the Peraltas or perhaps one of their ranch hands ( vaqueros ) had seen local indigenous ( Ohlone ) structures along

544-538: The city's voters to four-year terms) and two non-voting student directors (elected by the district's high school students). Shattuck Avenue Shattuck Avenue is a major city street running north–south through Berkeley and Oakland, California . At its southern end, the street branches from Telegraph Avenue in Oakland's Temescal district, then ends at Indian Rock Park in the Berkeley Hills to

576-582: The creek returns to a culvert which takes it to San Francisco Bay . This straight course, however, is a later imposition - the original course of the creek bent south and entered the Bay near the northern edge of the IKEA property. Temescal Creek near the mouth area is channelized with concrete linings. The mouth of Temescal Creek at the discharge to San Francisco Bay is fully tidal and consists of mudflats and marshland . Historically both banks of Temescal Creek in

608-711: The creek similar to those in other parts of New Spain which were called temescalli or "temazcalli". Three forks begin in the Berkeley Hills in the northeastern section of Oakland (also referred to as the Oakland hills south of the Caldecott Tunnel), part of the Pacific Coast Ranges , coming together in the Temescal district of Oakland, then flowing westerly across Oakland and Emeryville to San Francisco Bay . The north fork of Temescal Creek

640-538: The creek. The Emeryville Shellmound is also notable for its remains of beaver ( Castor canadensis ). Today, the creek is mostly underground in culverts in the flatlands, but many stretches are open above Lake Temescal. In 2000, a segment of the creek below the tracks of the Union Pacific Railroad in Emeryville became accessible to the public after the demolition of one of the buildings of

672-399: The grounds of Berkeley High School). Designated a seismic hazard after the 1933 Long Beach earthquake , it was put to non-school purposes beginning in 1940 and was razed in 1946, the site becoming tennis courts for the high school. In January 1940, administrative offices were moved to 1414 Walnut Street, the original Garfield Jr. High, later University Elementary and the temporary site, after

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704-542: The historic Sherwin-Williams paint factory in early 2000. Temescal Creek now flows in an open culvert through the 2002 Bay Street Mall development. This is just about the spot where the Emeryville Shellmound once stood. A small informational park commemorating the creek and the Ohlone presence at the site is situated here. At Shellmound Street, which runs approximately along the original Bay shoreline,

736-579: The lower area of Emeryville were part of the San Francisco Bay tidal floodplain and were extensively filled from about 1900 through the 1970s. Fill included slag, soil and other inert materials originating from the Judson Steel plant. The Judson plant occupied much of the lower reach banks in Emeryville; Judson used this reach for metal recycling/recovery. Foundations remained of a shear, tin baler, scale, and conveyor as late as 1990 when

768-543: The north bank of Strawberry Creek at the northern terminus of the county road, which was also the northern bound of Shattuck's claim, along the alignment of what is now Addison Street. The creek and Shattuck's home were situated along what is now Allston Way. In 1866, the College Homestead Association, an organization established to raise funds for the new site of the College of California , filed

800-487: The north. Shattuck Avenue is the main street of Berkeley, forming the spine of that city's downtown , and the site of the Gourmet Ghetto in North Berkeley . The street was named for Francis Kittredge Shattuck , an early landowner and booster who later served as Mayor of Oakland. Shattuck was largely responsible for the original construction of the road as well as for a railroad built along its route. During

832-490: The northern section of Oakland's Montclair district , flowing southwest out of a canyon in the hills alongside Thornhill Road, then turning abruptly northwestward in the linear valley formed by the Hayward Fault . It then flows into Lake Temescal , a natural sag pond which was dammed in the 19th century to increase its capacity for use as a reservoir . Lake Temescal is now a public park. The creek continues out of

864-534: The northernmost corner of Lake Temescal into another underground culvert. The tunnel follows the Grove Shafter Freeway and briefly re-emerges next to Saint Albert's Priory next to Presley Way and Miles Avenue. It continues westerly around the end of the shutter ridge in the Rockridge district of Oakland, where it joins the north fork (Claremont Creek) at approximately the intersection of Forrest Street and Miles Avenue. A small section of above-ground creek exists as

896-503: The ranch where their cattle and hides were loaded for shipping. Cattle and other livestock were slaughtered in this vicinity right up through the early 20th century for various meatpacking plants in an area which became known as "Butchertown". It is believed that Temescal Creek once supported a population of rainbow trout , though urbanization and the damming at Lake Temescal have led to their decline. Archeological evidence indicates that coho salmon were also likely found at one time in

928-409: The schools in other mostly white sections of the city. The only exception to this was Berkeley High School as it was, and remains, the only high school for the entire district. Heightened local interest in the concerns and efforts of the civil rights movement, shared by many in the community, eventually led to the district adopting a school integration plan starting in the mid-1960s. The plan included

960-607: The system's second-most-popular line, including the Ashby and Downtown Berkeley stations. Downtown Berkeley is one of BART's most frequented stations and a transit hub for AC Transit and Bear Transit buses. Major employers and schools located along the street include the University of California , Berkeley City College , Berkeley High School , CALPIRG , the PowerBar headquarters and other office towers. The downtown length

992-404: The use of bussing to effect an integration of all the public schools in Berkeley. The first schools to be integrated under this plan were the junior high schools, Garfield and Willard, starting in the Fall of 1966. A third junior high school, Burbank, was closed, demolished and rebuilt (by 1968) as the high school's "West Campus", serving all the district's 9th-grade students. Two years later, in

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1024-501: Was renamed "Harwood's Creek" in the mid 19th century after an early claimant to grazing lands in the canyon above the Claremont neighborhood, retired sea captain and Oakland wharfinger William Harwood. It was renamed yet again "Claremont Creek" in the early 20th century after a residential development in the same vicinity, today's Claremont district. The middle fork flows through Temescal Canyon mostly in underground culverts, beneath

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