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24-668: Bernau may refer to: Bernau bei Berlin , a town in Brandenburg, Germany Bernau am Chiemsee , a municipality in the district of Rosenheim in Bavaria, Germany Bernau im Schwarzwald , a municipality in Baden-Württemberg, Germany Bernau im Rhein-Neckar-Kreis , a part of Waibstadt in Baden-Württemberg, Germany Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

48-702: A maximum of four storeys to fit in with the historical architecture of the city. The former ADGB school is located in the northeast of the town. It is the largest building in the Bauhaus style besides the Bauhaus itself. The line S2 of the Berlin S-Bahn (suburban railway) connects Bernau with Berlin Friedrichstraße 's station, in the center of that city. Regional rail connects Bernau with Eberswalde , Schwedt , Stralsund , Frankfurt (Oder) to

72-525: Is a railway station in the Mitte district of Berlin , Germany . It is served by the Berlin S-Bahn and local bus and tram lines. Until 1950, the station was known as Stettiner Bahnhof . In 1842, the Stettiner Bahnhof opened as the terminus of the railway line to the capital of the state of Pomerania, Stettin ( Polish : Szczecin (since 1945 a part of Poland). The terminus was built on

96-690: The North-South S-Bahn link with a tunnel from Stettiner Bahnhof to Anhalter Bahnhof under the Berlin city centre. As part of opening of the first phase, the northern section, the present-day underground station of the S-Bahn opened on 28 May 1936. The new underground station replaced the former suburban railway station, whose railhead building can still be seen west of the Nordbahnhof on Zinnowitzer Straße . The new, underground, S-Bahn station

120-514: The Thirty Years' War . Large parts of the defensive wall with town gate and wet moats were built during that period. These helped Bernau defend itself successfully against attackers, including the Hussites in 1432. However, conditions declined after the war and the plague . Frederick I of Prussia settled 25 Huguenot families, comprising craftsmen, farmers, traders, and scientists, in

144-413: The area has been inhabited since about 8800 BC . The city was first mentioned in 1232. It was historically spelled " Bärnau " [ɛʁnaʊ̯] and since changed to Bernau [ ˈbɛrnaʊ̯ ]. The reasons for its founding are not known. According to legend, Albert I of Brandenburg permitted the founding of the city in 1140 because of the good beer which was offered to him. Bernau underwent an economic boom before

168-709: The day the Berlin Wall went up, and 1 September 1990 trains did not stop at the station, because it was located in East Berlin . Nevertheless, the Reichsbahn continued to operate the line to connect the stations in the northern and southern areas of West Berlin . Trains only stopped in the stations with entrances in West Berlin, and when they passed through the East Berlin stations passengers viewed from

192-500: The defensive wall, consisted of small old buildings with timber framed construction. Most of them were disrepair because no funds were available in East Germany to renovate them. It was decided to change Bernau into an exemplary city of socialist architecture. Nearly all the old houses were torn down in the 1960s and 1970s and new Plattenbauten (buildings constructed of prefabricated concrete slabs) were built. The new houses had

216-587: The defensive wall. Today, armour and instruments of torture of the Middle Ages are shown there. Common furniture from several epochs, and utensils of the executioner are exhibited in the Henkerhaus (executioner's house) to demonstrate life in the small town. In 2005, the Wolf Kahlen Museum opened. Media art from over 40 years is shown there. In 2005, Annelie Grund created a monument for

240-721: The north and Berlin Hauptbahnhof , Berlin Lichtenberg and Elsterwerda in the south. Long-distance trains go to Stralsund , Dortmund , Düsseldorf , Dresden and Amsterdam . The Bundesautobahn A11 from Berlin to Prenzlau and Szczecin has the two exits Bernau Nord (number 15) and Bernau Süd (number 16). Bernau bei Berlin is twinned with: Berlin Nordbahnhof Berlin Nordbahnhof ( lit.   ' Berlin North station ' )

264-659: The previous site of the gallows field on the Invalidenstraße , in front of the Hamburg Gate in the Berlin Customs Wall . Initially mainly intended to connect Berlin to Stettin's sea port, the line later also became important for reaching the holiday resorts on the Baltic Sea (so-called Pomerania Riviera or more colloquial Berliners' bath tub ). As the number of passengers increased rapidly,

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288-598: The rail lines leading to the station crossed the territories of West Berlin, it was closed by the GDR authorities on 18 May 1952 and had been demolished by 1962. The adjacent S-Bahn station remained under the name of Nordbahnhof . During the Uprising of 1953 in East Germany and East Berlin the S-Bahn, operated by the eastern Deutsche Reichsbahn , interrupted traffic between 17 June and 9 July 1953. Between 13 August 1961,

312-474: The station became one of Berlin's busiest railway termini and had to be enlarged several times. Between 1870 and 1876, an entirely new and much larger terminal building was constructed. From 1877, this also became the Berlin passenger train terminus of the Preußische Nordbahn (Prussian Northern Railway) to Stralsund via Neu-Strelitz , and later also to Rostock . The increasing popularity of

336-491: The station caused massive traffic problems in the north of the city, because the tracks were laid at street level. It was particularly bad during the summer months when holiday traffic was busy. During the years 1892-1898, some passenger traffic was redirected to the goods station at Eberswalder Straße to ease congestion. To solve these problems, an extensive renovation and remodeling of the station took place between 1900 and 1903. The rails were lifted above street level to solve

360-576: The title Bernau . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bernau&oldid=540400112 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Bernau bei Berlin Archaeological excavations of Mesolithic -era sites indicate that

384-602: The town in 1699. From the 18th century, Bernau was part of the Kingdom of Prussia , and from 1815 to 1947, it was administratively located in the Province of Brandenburg . During World War II , in 1943–1945, it was the location of a subcamp of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp . In early 1945, a death march of prisoners of various nationalities from the dissolved camp in Żabikowo to Sachsenhausen passed through

408-734: The town. From 1947 to 1952 it was part of the State of Brandenburg in East Germany, from 1952 to 1990 of the East German Bezirk Frankfurt and since 1990 again in Brandenburg in modern Germany. In 1842 a railway line was opened. One of the first electrical suburban railway lines in the world began operation in 1924. A line of the Berlin S-Bahn connected Bernau with the Stettiner Bahnhof (today Berlin Nordbahnhof ) in Berlin. The ADGB Trade Union School (Bundesschule des Allgemeinen Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes), designed by Bauhaus director Hannes Meyer , opened in 1930. It

432-473: The traffic problems, and three smaller halls were added to the east of the main hall: two for holiday traffic to the Baltic coast, and one to handle mail transport. The Stettiner saw more long-distance passengers than any other of the large Berlin terminals; from around 750,000 in 1894 the number had risen to more than 1,2 million in 1937. As part of the renovation, a special suburban station ( Vorortbahnhof )

456-414: The train windows the empty and barely lit platforms of so-called ghost stations , where time had stood still since 13 August 1961. All entrances were closed until the station reopened on 1 September 1990. Soon after, the station closed again for extensive refurbishment lasting one and a half years. The tunnel and station reopened on 1 March 1992. The Nordbahnhof entrance hall was restored in 2006, including

480-510: The tunnel ceiling under Landwehrkanal , which caused the subsequent flooding of the tunnel. After World War II the station itself was within the Soviet sector (East Berlin). After drainage and repair the tunnel and its stations reopened for traffic in November 1947. On 1 December 1950, the name of the formerly German town of Stettin was deleted by a renaming into Berlin Nordbahnhof . Since

504-576: The victims of a witch hunt . The church of St. Marien in the Late Gothic style dominates the skyline of the town. The nave was built in the 15th century. Large parts of the defensive walls and wet moats of the Middle Ages are preserved. The defensive wall is supplemented by several lookout houses, the Pulverturm (armoury) and a town gate. Until the 1960s, the city centre, enclosed by

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528-664: Was built to the west of the mainline terminal in 1896, serving three suburban lines, to Bernau on the Berlin-Stettin railway , to Oranienburg on the North Railway, and to Velten via Berlin-Tegel on the Kremmen Railway . It is one of the few structures belonging to the complex that survives today, and is used as an event venue. In 1939, these three suburban lines were paired with the three southern suburban lines to form three transversal lines, by means of

552-586: Was included as part of the World Heritage Site the Bauhaus and its Sites in Weimar, Dessau and Bernau in July 2017. The Town has the following local divisions: Several small local settlements are also part of the city: The museum of local history has two locations. One is the town gate with the former prison Hungerturm (Tower of Hunger). It is one of formerly three town gates, that were part of

576-502: Was located East of the main building, with the tracks crossing from the west to the east under the approaches of the mainline tracks. During World War II, the station fell victim to heavy bombardment, and the hall burnt down in 1943. On 25 April 1945 the S-Bahn ceased operation due to the Soviet invasion, which had reached Berlin's suburbia on 21 April. Most likely on 2 May 1945 the SS exploded

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